The construction of new liberal arts emphasizes interdisciplinary integration and the cultivation of compound talents,providing new opportunities for the collaborative development of foreign language majors and touris...The construction of new liberal arts emphasizes interdisciplinary integration and the cultivation of compound talents,providing new opportunities for the collaborative development of foreign language majors and tourism majors in universities.The“foreign language+tourism”teaching model,by integrating the instrumental nature of language and the applied nature of tourism,aims to cultivate compound talents with both cross-cultural communication skills and practical capabilities in the tourism industry.Based on the background of new liberal arts,this paper analyzes the current status and challenges of“foreign language+tourism”teaching in universities,and proposes specific teaching paths from the dimensions of curriculum system reconstruction,teaching model innovation,faculty team optimization,and evaluation mechanism improvement,aiming to provide a theoretical reference for cultivating high-quality talents adapted to the high-quality development needs of the cultural and tourism industry.展开更多
As China’s higher education transitions from extensive expansion to intensive development,the‘New Liberal Arts’concept has emerged as a pivotal strategic direction for transforming humanities disciplines.This appro...As China’s higher education transitions from extensive expansion to intensive development,the‘New Liberal Arts’concept has emerged as a pivotal strategic direction for transforming humanities disciplines.This approach emphasizes interdisciplinary integration,parallel development of theory and practice,and optimizing talent cultivation models guided by societal demands.The diversified economic structure and high-quality development trajectory of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area present new demands for talent cultivation,curriculum design,and pedagogical reform within university Human Resource Management(HRM)programs.Taking Guangzhou Huashang College as the research subject,this paper analyses the core competencies required for HRM programs under the New Liberal Arts framework through policy document analysis,literature review,and field research.It identifies shortcomings in the current curriculum system regarding knowledge structure,practical pathways,and cross-disciplinary integration.Guided by Outcome-Based Education(OBE)and Competency-Based Education(CBE)frameworks,a new curriculum architecture was designed comprising four pillars:general education and humanities literacy,professional core competencies,cross-disciplinary integration,and practical innovation.Practical explorations were undertaken in areas such as university-enterprise collaboration and industry-education integration.Preliminary outcomes demonstrate that the new scheme comprehensively enhances students’data comprehension,strategic awareness,and humanistic sensitivity,providing a reference paradigm for the high-quality development of HRM programs within the new liberal arts context.展开更多
Against the dual background of deepening the construction of new liberal arts and implementing the"Double Ten Thousand Plan"for first-class undergraduate courses,local universities urgently need to explore d...Against the dual background of deepening the construction of new liberal arts and implementing the"Double Ten Thousand Plan"for first-class undergraduate courses,local universities urgently need to explore distinctive curriculum construction paths.Based on the requirements of the new liberal arts connotation,this paper constructs a three-dimensional integrated framework of"value guidance,ability driven,and knowledge foundation",and takes the construction of the"Finance"course at Yangtze University as a typical case for research.When systematically analyzing the"Finance"course in the school,a three-dimensional integrated curriculum reform practice is implemented by reshaping the three-level curriculum objectives of"state-society-individual",developing teaching content that integrates"modularization-localization-cutting-edge",using the"O-PRAISE"situational teaching method,and constructing a diversified collaborative evaluation system.A first-class curriculum construction model for local universities has been summarized,which involves five collaborative approaches:"localization"of target positioning,"integration"of content construction,"contextualization"of method implementation,"value-added"evaluation orientation,and"synergy"of resource guarantee.The aim is to provide theoretical paradigms and practical solutions for similar universities to learn from,effectively solving practical difficulties such as the disconnect between value shaping and knowledge transmission,and the mismatch between talent cultivation and local needs in curriculum construction.展开更多
This paper elaborates on the approaches to cultivating core competencies for college English talents under the background of New Liberal Arts,focusing on four key aspects:transmitting of Chinese culture in English to ...This paper elaborates on the approaches to cultivating core competencies for college English talents under the background of New Liberal Arts,focusing on four key aspects:transmitting of Chinese culture in English to cultivate students’cultural confidence in the context of globalization,fostering their interdisciplinary competencies through the crossover of different disciplines and knowledge fusion,utilizing big data and emerging technologies to develop students’language proficiency and autonomous learning abilities,and aligning education with societal needs by integrating theoretical learning with practical teaching,thereby enhancing students’social engagement and problem-solving skills.The study aims to advance the reform of foreign language education in the new era,enhance the competitiveness of future professionals,and guide students toward a sound personal and professional development.展开更多
Liberal democracy cannot help America govern COVID-19 effectively for liberalism’s misunderstanding of the concept of liberty.Error-tolerantism divides liberty into the right to liberty in innovative fields,the right...Liberal democracy cannot help America govern COVID-19 effectively for liberalism’s misunderstanding of the concept of liberty.Error-tolerantism divides liberty into the right to liberty in innovative fields,the right to be wrong as an original right,and the right to be right in non-innovative ones as sub-rights;rights come from mutual empowerment among people.The major defects of liberal democracy from the perspective of error-tolerant democracy constructed on error-tolerantism are as follows:The essence of election is to transfer people’s right to be wrong and corresponding right to be right to politicians,but the separation and balance of powers does not evaluate whether presidents,states,mayors,et al.,have exercised the power to be wrong reasonably,so that they could even abuse it in the COVID-19 governance,and did great harm to people’s human rights without any accountability or impeachment.Democratic governor’power to be wrong authorized by election was deprived by President Trump through issuing false information in the COVID-19 governance and encouraging people to protest against the anti-pandemic laws,which made liberal democracy in the United States threatened and COVID-19 out of control.展开更多
The failure of COVID-19 governance in the United States of America is closely related to its economic inequality.According to the theory of error-tolerant democracy,after reflecting on the American financial crisis of...The failure of COVID-19 governance in the United States of America is closely related to its economic inequality.According to the theory of error-tolerant democracy,after reflecting on the American financial crisis of 2008,liberty should be redefined from mutual empowerment under the background of regulation,which means that rights to liberty of entrepreneurs and financial capitalists in the public economy are empowered by the people,so they should empower and benefit the people,corresponding to regulation and redistribution respectively.During the COVID-19 pandemic,empowering and benefiting the people regarded as economic democracy has not been realized for neoliberal policies,leading to insufficient public funds to help citizens badly hurt by the disease.To restore the U.S.as the beacon of democracy,it should undertake the historical mission:expansion of liberal democracy from politics to economy so as to reduce unreasonable economic inequality and protect rights to life of more infected Americans.展开更多
One of the pressing problems with contemporary peacebuilding research is that much of the analysis focuses on thepractical and technical challenges while paying little attention to the philosophical assumptions of tho...One of the pressing problems with contemporary peacebuilding research is that much of the analysis focuses on thepractical and technical challenges while paying little attention to the philosophical assumptions of those operations.Any understanding of peacebuilding is underpinned by philosophical frameworks as they shape and orient ustowards particular strategies for peacebuilding. This paper makes a philosophical critique of liberal peacebuilding（the mainstream peacebuilding） and explores a postmodern post-liberal hybrid peacebuilding. The analysis claimsneither the categorical rejection of liberal peacebuilding nor the exclusive reliance on locally-orientedpeacebuilding. Rather, the upshot is the need for deconstructing dualistic view of either liberal peacebuilding orlocally-oriented peacebuilding so that both external liberal actors and local actors engage in jointly learning andmutually transformative process wherein both liberal international actors and local actors look beyond peaceconstructed around their narrow and restricted conception and framework to create the meanings of peace that caninterconnect the global and the local.展开更多
Taking the four approaches to internationalization of education as the departure point,the paper analyzes internationalization of higher education in OECD countries.
The crisis of COVID-19 governance in Western countries has demonstrated inherent defects of the concept of freedom defined by liberalists.Error-Tolerantism integrating liberalism with China’s cultures divides the rig...The crisis of COVID-19 governance in Western countries has demonstrated inherent defects of the concept of freedom defined by liberalists.Error-Tolerantism integrating liberalism with China’s cultures divides the right to freedom into two categories:The right to freedom in the innovative fields is the right to be wrong as an original right;and those to freedom in the non-innovative fields are the subordinate rights.Rights come from mutual empowerment between people.The right theory of Error-Tolerantism called error-tolerant rights paradigm is the right to be wrong as an original right and mutual empowerment theory.The first defect of liberalism is that the Western media criticized China’s right to be wrong as an original right in the governance of COVID-19 by turning to the rights to freedom at the subordinate level in the context of non-COVID-19.The second defect is its failure to realize that the rational implementation of the right to be wrong as an original right will produce new subordinate rights.The number of people infected with COVID-19 in Wuhan dropping to zero indicates that new subordinate rights to freedom,such as keeping social distance,wearing face masks in public places,showing health codes,etc.,have been formed and confirmed.Error-Tolerantism holds that the definition of freedom by liberalists lacks dynamics,leading to the confusion in understanding the idea of freedom and various illegal actions endangering public security,such as traveling,gathering,or demonstrating without wearing masks during the pandemic.展开更多
This study aims to measure the impact of liberalization on the efficiency of electricity production in Japan using Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA). In addition, this study also aims to examine whether or not econom...This study aims to measure the impact of liberalization on the efficiency of electricity production in Japan using Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA). In addition, this study also aims to examine whether or not economies of scale exist in the electricity generation sector and the transmission sector, and whether or not economies of scope exist between electricity generation and transmission. Since 1995, liberalization of the electricity market in Japan has been phased in and regulations on entry have been relaxed three times. One motivation for these regularity changes has been to improve the efficiency of electricity production by introducing competition. Using a panel data set on the nine main power companies in Japan over the period 1970-2010, estimates of fixed-effects and stochastic frontier models of the cost function are obtained and compared. Estimates of the cost function show that liberalization has improved cost efficiency when both frontier models and non-frontier models are estimated. Estimates of the fixed-effects model are used to calculate economies of scale and economies scope because the data support the fixed-effects model. Economies of scope are found to exist for all nine power companies, while overall economies of scope declined in the 1970s and have improved little by little since the 1980s.展开更多
Under the background of new liberal arts,the problems existing in the teaching process of Finance were re-examined.For instance,the setting of teaching objectives does not meet the requirements of construction of new ...Under the background of new liberal arts,the problems existing in the teaching process of Finance were re-examined.For instance,the setting of teaching objectives does not meet the requirements of construction of new liberal arts,and teaching content emphasizes theory;teaching method is single,and teaching assessment is not reasonable.It is proposed that the curriculum reform should be carried out from five dimensions:teaching objective,teaching content,teaching method,practice system and teaching evaluation,so as to meet the requirements of construction of new liberal arts.展开更多
This paper examines how capital account liberalization （CAL） affects foreign direct investment （FDI） inflows. Authors use a dynamic panel model encompassing 14 Middle East countries over the period from 1985 to 20...This paper examines how capital account liberalization （CAL） affects foreign direct investment （FDI） inflows. Authors use a dynamic panel model encompassing 14 Middle East countries over the period from 1985 to 2009. The findings suggest that countries that are able to reap the benefits of the capital openness policy satisfy certain threshold conditions regarding the level of financial development and institutional quality. Thus to promote FDI, governments in this region should develop a set of policies that not only focus on financial openness, but also on the improvement of the financial system and legal institutions.展开更多
Financial repression does not suit the needs of economic and financial development in the long run, and interest rate liberalization is a natural choice for the development of China＇s financial markets＇. Based on a ...Financial repression does not suit the needs of economic and financial development in the long run, and interest rate liberalization is a natural choice for the development of China＇s financial markets＇. Based on a comparative analysis of interest rate liberalization processes between some developed countries and China and value assignment to key milestones in interest rate markets, the authors have measured the level of China＇s interest rate liberalization to be 80.64%, i.e., a complete liberalization has been initially achieved in China with the notable exception of the deposit interest rate market. Deposit interest rate liberalization is poised to be the last step in China＇s interest rate liberalization process.展开更多
This paper explores the pathways through which artificial intelligence(AI)enhances new quality productivity in new liberal arts education.By analyzing the role of AI in personalized learning,interdisciplinary integrat...This paper explores the pathways through which artificial intelligence(AI)enhances new quality productivity in new liberal arts education.By analyzing the role of AI in personalized learning,interdisciplinary integration,and the application of virtual reality/augmented reality technologies,it reveals how AI technology promotes the development of students’innovative capabilities and productivity in the context of new liberal arts education.The study shows that AI is not only a technical tool but also a driving force for transforming educational models and fostering knowledge innovation.Further exploration of the deep integration of AI and new liberal arts education is necessary to promote comprehensive social progress.展开更多
It is hard for China to cultivate creative thinkers the present Chinese society needs,so the educational system has to reform.The paper analyses the dilemma in Chinese education,Dewey’s pedagogical ideas,and how Chin...It is hard for China to cultivate creative thinkers the present Chinese society needs,so the educational system has to reform.The paper analyses the dilemma in Chinese education,Dewey’s pedagogical ideas,and how Chinese educators can learn from Dewey’s ideas.Chinese higher education system and the examination system for admission to colleges and universities especially liberal arts colleges need to apply Dewey’s pedagogical ideas and reform themselves in order to conform to the whole society.展开更多
Cultural confidence represents a fundamental and profound force that sustains the development of a country and a na-tion. It is also a prerequisite for college students' growth and development. Given phenomena suc...Cultural confidence represents a fundamental and profound force that sustains the development of a country and a na-tion. It is also a prerequisite for college students' growth and development. Given phenomena such as college students' alienationfrom Chinese culture and"Chinese culture aphasia", this paper tries to analyze the reasons behind it. It then states the significanceand ways of helping college students build up cultural confidence through English teaching in the context of new liberal arts.展开更多
The liberal pattern in Islam displayed itself at different points in the history of Kazakhstan through quasi state models of political organization, governance networks, multiethnic and multireligious societies, indiv...The liberal pattern in Islam displayed itself at different points in the history of Kazakhstan through quasi state models of political organization, governance networks, multiethnic and multireligious societies, individual freedoms, and syncretic essence of Islam in the local culture. This paper examines the role of liberal pattern in the evolution of Islam in Kazakhstan based on historical and antropological analysis to call into question the state’s ongoing efforts to plant the authoritarian interpretation of Islam epitomized in the so-called Hanafi project. The notion of the Hanafi project is offered as the antithesis to classical Islamic Hanafi School, which is manipulated by the state to mask the imposition of the secular national policy in the religious domain.展开更多
Many countries use similar strategies in prevention campaigns, but despite that the spread of HIV is unabated. The basic messages of the current liberal prevention strategies aim to promote changes in individual behav...Many countries use similar strategies in prevention campaigns, but despite that the spread of HIV is unabated. The basic messages of the current liberal prevention strategies aim to promote changes in individual behaviour so as to prevent HIV transmission. The strategies avoid any kind of regulation, prescription and controls, and trust solely on the readiness of the sexually active part of the general population, and in particular the “at-risk populations” to cooperate with those messages. However, only a small number of people have cooperated. The increase in the incidence of HIV over the past decade in the countries listed discloses the failures of the current prevention strategies. With respect to the goal of trying to influence those people prone to high-risk sexual lifestyles, and the injecting drug users, the prevention strategies have not had a meaningful effect in the long term. This is also reflected in the increase of other STIs such as hepatitis C, syphilis, and the human papilloma virus, which are worse when there is co-infection with HIV. The liberal prevention strategies turned out to be inadequate for the goal, and must be adjusted to real life situations to counteract their misuse. Meanwhile there are ample evidence-based measures which must be implemented into concerted efforts by complementing the current strategies with respect to a person-to-person bound infection. Medical care policies have to consider the non-adherence behaviour of those in need.展开更多
Given that preaching is the primary mode of public theological discourse for most Christian ministers, an intellectual virtue of verbal restraint is required when practicing public theology and it is wise to address t...Given that preaching is the primary mode of public theological discourse for most Christian ministers, an intellectual virtue of verbal restraint is required when practicing public theology and it is wise to address the ways that homilies can shepherd public discourse practices. A theology of rhetoric includes the homilist＇s moral purpose. Homilies either enhance public discourse or pervert it. This essay sketches a pattern of sermon movement that respects the logic operative in public theology, given the social context of America. Homilies can help cultivate the pastoral care of public rhetoric by modeling discourse that nurtures the politics of accountability. While many call for a public ethos where divergent moral voices engage each other in highly contested arenas, a precondition to practicing effective public theology requires that one exercises discourse in a way that respects the social limits on the free exercise of religion. It is important that a public theology of rhetoric clarifies the original social agreement for acceptable religious discourse in the public arena. Homiletics, as a dimension of practical theology, can teach preachers methods of pastoral care for public discourse. The social agreement in liberal democracies to contain the combative nature of religious discourse assumes a logic that is circumscribed by commitments to （1） religious pluralism, （2） theological agnosticism, and （3） epistemological pragmatism. Here we propose that a sermon＇s form, which implicitly touches upon these commitments, can tap into the basic modes of persuasion in secular liberal societies. This respects the moral purposes previously agreed upon and expected of partisans during highly contestable times. This calls for incarnational humility on the part of the Christian public theologian and it guides her/his practice.展开更多
基金Education Teaching Reform Research and Practice Project of Tangshan Normal University“Research on the Construction and Practical Pathways of‘Foreign Languages+Majors’Interdisciplinary Model under the Background of New Liberal Arts”(2025JGZD114)。
文摘The construction of new liberal arts emphasizes interdisciplinary integration and the cultivation of compound talents,providing new opportunities for the collaborative development of foreign language majors and tourism majors in universities.The“foreign language+tourism”teaching model,by integrating the instrumental nature of language and the applied nature of tourism,aims to cultivate compound talents with both cross-cultural communication skills and practical capabilities in the tourism industry.Based on the background of new liberal arts,this paper analyzes the current status and challenges of“foreign language+tourism”teaching in universities,and proposes specific teaching paths from the dimensions of curriculum system reconstruction,teaching model innovation,faculty team optimization,and evaluation mechanism improvement,aiming to provide a theoretical reference for cultivating high-quality talents adapted to the high-quality development needs of the cultural and tourism industry.
基金Guangzhou Huashang College 2024 Demonstration Major Program(Project No.:HS2024SFZY09)。
文摘As China’s higher education transitions from extensive expansion to intensive development,the‘New Liberal Arts’concept has emerged as a pivotal strategic direction for transforming humanities disciplines.This approach emphasizes interdisciplinary integration,parallel development of theory and practice,and optimizing talent cultivation models guided by societal demands.The diversified economic structure and high-quality development trajectory of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area present new demands for talent cultivation,curriculum design,and pedagogical reform within university Human Resource Management(HRM)programs.Taking Guangzhou Huashang College as the research subject,this paper analyses the core competencies required for HRM programs under the New Liberal Arts framework through policy document analysis,literature review,and field research.It identifies shortcomings in the current curriculum system regarding knowledge structure,practical pathways,and cross-disciplinary integration.Guided by Outcome-Based Education(OBE)and Competency-Based Education(CBE)frameworks,a new curriculum architecture was designed comprising four pillars:general education and humanities literacy,professional core competencies,cross-disciplinary integration,and practical innovation.Practical explorations were undertaken in areas such as university-enterprise collaboration and industry-education integration.Preliminary outcomes demonstrate that the new scheme comprehensively enhances students’data comprehension,strategic awareness,and humanistic sensitivity,providing a reference paradigm for the high-quality development of HRM programs within the new liberal arts context.
基金Supported by Yangtze University School-level Teaching Research Project(JY2021038,JY2022009,JY2024059)。
文摘Against the dual background of deepening the construction of new liberal arts and implementing the"Double Ten Thousand Plan"for first-class undergraduate courses,local universities urgently need to explore distinctive curriculum construction paths.Based on the requirements of the new liberal arts connotation,this paper constructs a three-dimensional integrated framework of"value guidance,ability driven,and knowledge foundation",and takes the construction of the"Finance"course at Yangtze University as a typical case for research.When systematically analyzing the"Finance"course in the school,a three-dimensional integrated curriculum reform practice is implemented by reshaping the three-level curriculum objectives of"state-society-individual",developing teaching content that integrates"modularization-localization-cutting-edge",using the"O-PRAISE"situational teaching method,and constructing a diversified collaborative evaluation system.A first-class curriculum construction model for local universities has been summarized,which involves five collaborative approaches:"localization"of target positioning,"integration"of content construction,"contextualization"of method implementation,"value-added"evaluation orientation,and"synergy"of resource guarantee.The aim is to provide theoretical paradigms and practical solutions for similar universities to learn from,effectively solving practical difficulties such as the disconnect between value shaping and knowledge transmission,and the mismatch between talent cultivation and local needs in curriculum construction.
基金Supported by Educational Science Research Project of Beijing Union University“A Study on the Cultivation Path of Core Competencies of English Talents in Universities Under the Background of New Liberal Arts”(JK202209).
文摘This paper elaborates on the approaches to cultivating core competencies for college English talents under the background of New Liberal Arts,focusing on four key aspects:transmitting of Chinese culture in English to cultivate students’cultural confidence in the context of globalization,fostering their interdisciplinary competencies through the crossover of different disciplines and knowledge fusion,utilizing big data and emerging technologies to develop students’language proficiency and autonomous learning abilities,and aligning education with societal needs by integrating theoretical learning with practical teaching,thereby enhancing students’social engagement and problem-solving skills.The study aims to advance the reform of foreign language education in the new era,enhance the competitiveness of future professionals,and guide students toward a sound personal and professional development.
文摘Liberal democracy cannot help America govern COVID-19 effectively for liberalism’s misunderstanding of the concept of liberty.Error-tolerantism divides liberty into the right to liberty in innovative fields,the right to be wrong as an original right,and the right to be right in non-innovative ones as sub-rights;rights come from mutual empowerment among people.The major defects of liberal democracy from the perspective of error-tolerant democracy constructed on error-tolerantism are as follows:The essence of election is to transfer people’s right to be wrong and corresponding right to be right to politicians,but the separation and balance of powers does not evaluate whether presidents,states,mayors,et al.,have exercised the power to be wrong reasonably,so that they could even abuse it in the COVID-19 governance,and did great harm to people’s human rights without any accountability or impeachment.Democratic governor’power to be wrong authorized by election was deprived by President Trump through issuing false information in the COVID-19 governance and encouraging people to protest against the anti-pandemic laws,which made liberal democracy in the United States threatened and COVID-19 out of control.
文摘The failure of COVID-19 governance in the United States of America is closely related to its economic inequality.According to the theory of error-tolerant democracy,after reflecting on the American financial crisis of 2008,liberty should be redefined from mutual empowerment under the background of regulation,which means that rights to liberty of entrepreneurs and financial capitalists in the public economy are empowered by the people,so they should empower and benefit the people,corresponding to regulation and redistribution respectively.During the COVID-19 pandemic,empowering and benefiting the people regarded as economic democracy has not been realized for neoliberal policies,leading to insufficient public funds to help citizens badly hurt by the disease.To restore the U.S.as the beacon of democracy,it should undertake the historical mission:expansion of liberal democracy from politics to economy so as to reduce unreasonable economic inequality and protect rights to life of more infected Americans.
文摘One of the pressing problems with contemporary peacebuilding research is that much of the analysis focuses on thepractical and technical challenges while paying little attention to the philosophical assumptions of those operations.Any understanding of peacebuilding is underpinned by philosophical frameworks as they shape and orient ustowards particular strategies for peacebuilding. This paper makes a philosophical critique of liberal peacebuilding（the mainstream peacebuilding） and explores a postmodern post-liberal hybrid peacebuilding. The analysis claimsneither the categorical rejection of liberal peacebuilding nor the exclusive reliance on locally-orientedpeacebuilding. Rather, the upshot is the need for deconstructing dualistic view of either liberal peacebuilding orlocally-oriented peacebuilding so that both external liberal actors and local actors engage in jointly learning andmutually transformative process wherein both liberal international actors and local actors look beyond peaceconstructed around their narrow and restricted conception and framework to create the meanings of peace that caninterconnect the global and the local.
文摘Taking the four approaches to internationalization of education as the departure point,the paper analyzes internationalization of higher education in OECD countries.
基金We really appreciate our colleague Associate Professor Yaxiong Zhu who helps us revise the grammatical problems in the article.
文摘The crisis of COVID-19 governance in Western countries has demonstrated inherent defects of the concept of freedom defined by liberalists.Error-Tolerantism integrating liberalism with China’s cultures divides the right to freedom into two categories:The right to freedom in the innovative fields is the right to be wrong as an original right;and those to freedom in the non-innovative fields are the subordinate rights.Rights come from mutual empowerment between people.The right theory of Error-Tolerantism called error-tolerant rights paradigm is the right to be wrong as an original right and mutual empowerment theory.The first defect of liberalism is that the Western media criticized China’s right to be wrong as an original right in the governance of COVID-19 by turning to the rights to freedom at the subordinate level in the context of non-COVID-19.The second defect is its failure to realize that the rational implementation of the right to be wrong as an original right will produce new subordinate rights.The number of people infected with COVID-19 in Wuhan dropping to zero indicates that new subordinate rights to freedom,such as keeping social distance,wearing face masks in public places,showing health codes,etc.,have been formed and confirmed.Error-Tolerantism holds that the definition of freedom by liberalists lacks dynamics,leading to the confusion in understanding the idea of freedom and various illegal actions endangering public security,such as traveling,gathering,or demonstrating without wearing masks during the pandemic.
文摘This study aims to measure the impact of liberalization on the efficiency of electricity production in Japan using Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA). In addition, this study also aims to examine whether or not economies of scale exist in the electricity generation sector and the transmission sector, and whether or not economies of scope exist between electricity generation and transmission. Since 1995, liberalization of the electricity market in Japan has been phased in and regulations on entry have been relaxed three times. One motivation for these regularity changes has been to improve the efficiency of electricity production by introducing competition. Using a panel data set on the nine main power companies in Japan over the period 1970-2010, estimates of fixed-effects and stochastic frontier models of the cost function are obtained and compared. Estimates of the cost function show that liberalization has improved cost efficiency when both frontier models and non-frontier models are estimated. Estimates of the fixed-effects model are used to calculate economies of scale and economies scope because the data support the fixed-effects model. Economies of scope are found to exist for all nine power companies, while overall economies of scope declined in the 1970s and have improved little by little since the 1980s.
基金Supported by the Phased Achievements of the Teaching Research Project of Yangtze University in 2022(Study on the Teaching Reform and Practice of Finance under the Background of New Liberal Arts)Phased Achievements of the Teaching Research Project of Yangtze University in 2021(Study on the Construction Model of"First-class Undergraduate Courses"in Provincial Universities:A Case Study of"Monetary Banking"of Yangtze University,JY2021038)+1 种基金Phased Achievements of the Teaching Research Project of Yangtze University in 2020(Study on the Hybrid Teaching Method of Public Elective Courses in Universities Based on MOOCs:A Case Study of Marketing,JY2020029)Phased Achievements of the Teaching Research Project of Yangtze University in 2021(Research and Practice of Integrating Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education into Talent Training for Agricultural and Forestry Economic Management Major,JY2021010).
文摘Under the background of new liberal arts,the problems existing in the teaching process of Finance were re-examined.For instance,the setting of teaching objectives does not meet the requirements of construction of new liberal arts,and teaching content emphasizes theory;teaching method is single,and teaching assessment is not reasonable.It is proposed that the curriculum reform should be carried out from five dimensions:teaching objective,teaching content,teaching method,practice system and teaching evaluation,so as to meet the requirements of construction of new liberal arts.
文摘This paper examines how capital account liberalization （CAL） affects foreign direct investment （FDI） inflows. Authors use a dynamic panel model encompassing 14 Middle East countries over the period from 1985 to 2009. The findings suggest that countries that are able to reap the benefits of the capital openness policy satisfy certain threshold conditions regarding the level of financial development and institutional quality. Thus to promote FDI, governments in this region should develop a set of policies that not only focus on financial openness, but also on the improvement of the financial system and legal institutions.
文摘Financial repression does not suit the needs of economic and financial development in the long run, and interest rate liberalization is a natural choice for the development of China＇s financial markets＇. Based on a comparative analysis of interest rate liberalization processes between some developed countries and China and value assignment to key milestones in interest rate markets, the authors have measured the level of China＇s interest rate liberalization to be 80.64%, i.e., a complete liberalization has been initially achieved in China with the notable exception of the deposit interest rate market. Deposit interest rate liberalization is poised to be the last step in China＇s interest rate liberalization process.
基金Guangdong Association for Non-Government Education,2024 Private University Research Project(GMG2024019)Guangzhou College of Commerce,2024 Higher Education Teaching Reform Project(2024JXGG49)China Association of Higher Education,2023 Higher Education Scientific Research Planning Project(23SZH0416)。
文摘This paper explores the pathways through which artificial intelligence(AI)enhances new quality productivity in new liberal arts education.By analyzing the role of AI in personalized learning,interdisciplinary integration,and the application of virtual reality/augmented reality technologies,it reveals how AI technology promotes the development of students’innovative capabilities and productivity in the context of new liberal arts education.The study shows that AI is not only a technical tool but also a driving force for transforming educational models and fostering knowledge innovation.Further exploration of the deep integration of AI and new liberal arts education is necessary to promote comprehensive social progress.
文摘It is hard for China to cultivate creative thinkers the present Chinese society needs,so the educational system has to reform.The paper analyses the dilemma in Chinese education,Dewey’s pedagogical ideas,and how Chinese educators can learn from Dewey’s ideas.Chinese higher education system and the examination system for admission to colleges and universities especially liberal arts colleges need to apply Dewey’s pedagogical ideas and reform themselves in order to conform to the whole society.
文摘Cultural confidence represents a fundamental and profound force that sustains the development of a country and a na-tion. It is also a prerequisite for college students' growth and development. Given phenomena such as college students' alienationfrom Chinese culture and"Chinese culture aphasia", this paper tries to analyze the reasons behind it. It then states the significanceand ways of helping college students build up cultural confidence through English teaching in the context of new liberal arts.
文摘The liberal pattern in Islam displayed itself at different points in the history of Kazakhstan through quasi state models of political organization, governance networks, multiethnic and multireligious societies, individual freedoms, and syncretic essence of Islam in the local culture. This paper examines the role of liberal pattern in the evolution of Islam in Kazakhstan based on historical and antropological analysis to call into question the state’s ongoing efforts to plant the authoritarian interpretation of Islam epitomized in the so-called Hanafi project. The notion of the Hanafi project is offered as the antithesis to classical Islamic Hanafi School, which is manipulated by the state to mask the imposition of the secular national policy in the religious domain.
文摘Many countries use similar strategies in prevention campaigns, but despite that the spread of HIV is unabated. The basic messages of the current liberal prevention strategies aim to promote changes in individual behaviour so as to prevent HIV transmission. The strategies avoid any kind of regulation, prescription and controls, and trust solely on the readiness of the sexually active part of the general population, and in particular the “at-risk populations” to cooperate with those messages. However, only a small number of people have cooperated. The increase in the incidence of HIV over the past decade in the countries listed discloses the failures of the current prevention strategies. With respect to the goal of trying to influence those people prone to high-risk sexual lifestyles, and the injecting drug users, the prevention strategies have not had a meaningful effect in the long term. This is also reflected in the increase of other STIs such as hepatitis C, syphilis, and the human papilloma virus, which are worse when there is co-infection with HIV. The liberal prevention strategies turned out to be inadequate for the goal, and must be adjusted to real life situations to counteract their misuse. Meanwhile there are ample evidence-based measures which must be implemented into concerted efforts by complementing the current strategies with respect to a person-to-person bound infection. Medical care policies have to consider the non-adherence behaviour of those in need.
文摘Given that preaching is the primary mode of public theological discourse for most Christian ministers, an intellectual virtue of verbal restraint is required when practicing public theology and it is wise to address the ways that homilies can shepherd public discourse practices. A theology of rhetoric includes the homilist＇s moral purpose. Homilies either enhance public discourse or pervert it. This essay sketches a pattern of sermon movement that respects the logic operative in public theology, given the social context of America. Homilies can help cultivate the pastoral care of public rhetoric by modeling discourse that nurtures the politics of accountability. While many call for a public ethos where divergent moral voices engage each other in highly contested arenas, a precondition to practicing effective public theology requires that one exercises discourse in a way that respects the social limits on the free exercise of religion. It is important that a public theology of rhetoric clarifies the original social agreement for acceptable religious discourse in the public arena. Homiletics, as a dimension of practical theology, can teach preachers methods of pastoral care for public discourse. The social agreement in liberal democracies to contain the combative nature of religious discourse assumes a logic that is circumscribed by commitments to （1） religious pluralism, （2） theological agnosticism, and （3） epistemological pragmatism. Here we propose that a sermon＇s form, which implicitly touches upon these commitments, can tap into the basic modes of persuasion in secular liberal societies. This respects the moral purposes previously agreed upon and expected of partisans during highly contestable times. This calls for incarnational humility on the part of the Christian public theologian and it guides her/his practice.
