Balancing high display performance with energy efficiency is crucial for global sustainability.Lowering operating frequencies—such as enabling 1 Hz operation in fringe-field switching(FFS)liquid crystal displays—red...Balancing high display performance with energy efficiency is crucial for global sustainability.Lowering operating frequencies—such as enabling 1 Hz operation in fringe-field switching(FFS)liquid crystal displays—reduces power consumption but is hindered by image flicker.While negative dielectric anisotropy liquid crystals(nLCs)mitigate flicker,their high driving voltages and production costs limit adoption.Positive dielectric anisotropy liquid crystals(pLCs)offer lower operating voltages,faster response times,and broader applicability,making them a more viable alternative.This study introduces a novel approach to minimizing flexoelectric effects in pLCs by investigating how single components influence flexoelectric behavior in mixtures through an effective experimental methodology.Two innovative measurement techniques—(1)flexoelectric coefficient difference analysis and(2)displacement-current measurement(DCM)—are presented,marking the first application of DCM for verifying flexoelectric effects.The proposed system eliminates uncertainties associated with previous methods,providing a reliable framework for selecting liquid crystal components with minimal flexoelectric effects while preserving key electro-optic properties.Given pLCs'higher reliability,lower production costs,and broader material selection,these advancements hold significant potential for low-power displays.We believe this work enhances flexoelectric analysis in nematic liquid crystals and contributes to sustainable innovation in the display industry,aligning with global energy-saving goals.展开更多
This review provides a comprehensive overview of the various three-dimensional printing techniques for area exposure additive manufacturing using the patterned control of optical devices.Additive manufacturing techniq...This review provides a comprehensive overview of the various three-dimensional printing techniques for area exposure additive manufacturing using the patterned control of optical devices.Additive manufacturing techniques can be broadly categorized into low-power exposure and high-power melting,both of which involve innovative patterning and light-sourcing methods.The working principles and accompanying auxiliary devices of core technologies including the digital micromirror device,liquid crystal display,liquid crystal on silicon mask,and optically addressable light valve are summarized.The discussed techniques and devices have played critical roles in advancing both vat photopolymerization and powder bed fusion additive manufacturing processes and can be applied to markedly enhance printing efficiency.The advances discussed in this review hold significant promise in fields such as biomedicine,robotics,and sensing.The associated challenges and opportunities faced by the considered techniques and devices are summarized accordingly.展开更多
The titl angle measurement system based on the ADXL345 of three-axis acceleration sensor is introduced, and the composition and working principle of the system are described. The MSP430F149 microcontroller of ultra-lo...The titl angle measurement system based on the ADXL345 of three-axis acceleration sensor is introduced, and the composition and working principle of the system are described. The MSP430F149 microcontroller of ultra-low power and high performance is adopted. Firstly, the voltage value which is proportional to the acceleration value is output by ADXL345 when the system is powered. Secondly, the voltage value is converted into the corresponding digital signal by AD converter of the sensor. Thirdly, the digital signal is transformed into the titl angle according to the arithmetic processing of the MSP430F149. Finally, the corresponding angle is displayed on the liquid crystal display （LCD） screen. Experimental results show that the design has high sensitivity and response speed compared with the conventional methods. It is suitable for practical engineering application because of simple structure, low cost and low power consumption.展开更多
In this study,the multi-sensing system based on the tin oxide pH electrode for the ion-determination was presented. With the advantages of the real-time supervisory control apparatus,the measured values could be displ...In this study,the multi-sensing system based on the tin oxide pH electrode for the ion-determination was presented. With the advantages of the real-time supervisory control apparatus,the measured values could be displayed on the liquid crystal display (LCD) immediately.In this study,the basic sensor was the tin oxide pH electrode,which was fabricated by radio frequency (r.f.) sputtering system on the indium tin oxide (ITO)/glass substrate.Moreover,the major blocks of the system consist of the tin oxide electrode-based ion selective electrodes (ISEs),an analog front-ended readout circuit,a microcontroller with built-in analog to digital (A/D) converter.In addition,by the embedded system design,the measurement results can be transmitted to a portable system or computer through the Universal Serial Bus (USB) and Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (UART) interface immediately.According to the experimental results,the multi-sensing system has high performance and reliability for pH,K^+,and Na^+ detection.展开更多
A new compact XGA projection is designed with three 0.99" liquid crystal panels. By using 275W UHP lamp, above 3000 ANSI lumens could be achieved with the uniformity of 85%. The color temperature is 6742K.
基金supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation(NRF)of Korea,funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT(MSIT),Korea[2022R1A2C2091671]by ITECH R&D Program of MOTIE/KEIT(Ministry of Trade,Industry&Energy/Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology)[20016808].
文摘Balancing high display performance with energy efficiency is crucial for global sustainability.Lowering operating frequencies—such as enabling 1 Hz operation in fringe-field switching(FFS)liquid crystal displays—reduces power consumption but is hindered by image flicker.While negative dielectric anisotropy liquid crystals(nLCs)mitigate flicker,their high driving voltages and production costs limit adoption.Positive dielectric anisotropy liquid crystals(pLCs)offer lower operating voltages,faster response times,and broader applicability,making them a more viable alternative.This study introduces a novel approach to minimizing flexoelectric effects in pLCs by investigating how single components influence flexoelectric behavior in mixtures through an effective experimental methodology.Two innovative measurement techniques—(1)flexoelectric coefficient difference analysis and(2)displacement-current measurement(DCM)—are presented,marking the first application of DCM for verifying flexoelectric effects.The proposed system eliminates uncertainties associated with previous methods,providing a reliable framework for selecting liquid crystal components with minimal flexoelectric effects while preserving key electro-optic properties.Given pLCs'higher reliability,lower production costs,and broader material selection,these advancements hold significant potential for low-power displays.We believe this work enhances flexoelectric analysis in nematic liquid crystals and contributes to sustainable innovation in the display industry,aligning with global energy-saving goals.
文摘This review provides a comprehensive overview of the various three-dimensional printing techniques for area exposure additive manufacturing using the patterned control of optical devices.Additive manufacturing techniques can be broadly categorized into low-power exposure and high-power melting,both of which involve innovative patterning and light-sourcing methods.The working principles and accompanying auxiliary devices of core technologies including the digital micromirror device,liquid crystal display,liquid crystal on silicon mask,and optically addressable light valve are summarized.The discussed techniques and devices have played critical roles in advancing both vat photopolymerization and powder bed fusion additive manufacturing processes and can be applied to markedly enhance printing efficiency.The advances discussed in this review hold significant promise in fields such as biomedicine,robotics,and sensing.The associated challenges and opportunities faced by the considered techniques and devices are summarized accordingly.
文摘The titl angle measurement system based on the ADXL345 of three-axis acceleration sensor is introduced, and the composition and working principle of the system are described. The MSP430F149 microcontroller of ultra-low power and high performance is adopted. Firstly, the voltage value which is proportional to the acceleration value is output by ADXL345 when the system is powered. Secondly, the voltage value is converted into the corresponding digital signal by AD converter of the sensor. Thirdly, the digital signal is transformed into the titl angle according to the arithmetic processing of the MSP430F149. Finally, the corresponding angle is displayed on the liquid crystal display （LCD） screen. Experimental results show that the design has high sensitivity and response speed compared with the conventional methods. It is suitable for practical engineering application because of simple structure, low cost and low power consumption.
文摘In this study,the multi-sensing system based on the tin oxide pH electrode for the ion-determination was presented. With the advantages of the real-time supervisory control apparatus,the measured values could be displayed on the liquid crystal display (LCD) immediately.In this study,the basic sensor was the tin oxide pH electrode,which was fabricated by radio frequency (r.f.) sputtering system on the indium tin oxide (ITO)/glass substrate.Moreover,the major blocks of the system consist of the tin oxide electrode-based ion selective electrodes (ISEs),an analog front-ended readout circuit,a microcontroller with built-in analog to digital (A/D) converter.In addition,by the embedded system design,the measurement results can be transmitted to a portable system or computer through the Universal Serial Bus (USB) and Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (UART) interface immediately.According to the experimental results,the multi-sensing system has high performance and reliability for pH,K^+,and Na^+ detection.
文摘A new compact XGA projection is designed with three 0.99" liquid crystal panels. By using 275W UHP lamp, above 3000 ANSI lumens could be achieved with the uniformity of 85%. The color temperature is 6742K.
