Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent type of cell death, is being considered for new clinical treatments of malignant tumors that are difficult to treat with apoptosis inducers. Although several reports have attempted to in...Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent type of cell death, is being considered for new clinical treatments of malignant tumors that are difficult to treat with apoptosis inducers. Although several reports have attempted to increase the sensitivity of cells to cell death by combining ferroptosis and apoptosis inducers using a single treatment, detailed elucidation of the respective mechanisms of ferroptosis and apoptosis during cell death remains unclear. Here, we evaluated combined treatment effectiveness using the apoptosis-sensitive rat insulinoma INS-1 cell lines. DNA laddering, an indicator of camptothecin (CPT)-induced apoptosis, was abolished by adding RSL3 and ML-162, but not erastin. We found that when the cells were treated with the apoptosis inducer CPT or the ferroptosis inducer RSL3, respectively, the degree of cytotoxicity observed increased dose-dependently. However, a combined CPT and RSL3 treatment did not show a synergistic decrease in cell viability. Camptothecin did not significantly affect increases in intracellular lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species or increases in mitochondrial and cytoplasmic free iron levels that were induced by treatment with RSL3 alone. Moreover, deferoxamine and α-tocopherol were found to inhibit RSL3-induced cytotoxicity but did not protect against CPT or CPT and RSL3-induced cytotoxicity. Finally, the exogenous addition of tert-butyl hydroperoxide inhibited DNA ladder formation that is induced by CPT, while the addition of hydrogen peroxide or ferrous ammonium sulfate had no effect. Taken together, these results suggest that lipid peroxides generated during ferroptosis may suppress cell death induced by apoptotic mechanisms.展开更多
We conduct a dynamical Gutzwiller mean-field study of interacting bosons on a four-leg ladder,subject to a uniform flux.The ground states dependent on the magnetic flux and kinetic tunneling strength are explored.Cons...We conduct a dynamical Gutzwiller mean-field study of interacting bosons on a four-leg ladder,subject to a uniform flux.The ground states dependent on the magnetic flux and kinetic tunneling strength are explored.Consequently,we identify the super-vortical lattice,as well as the inner-Meissner phase,which presents Meissner currents just along the intimal legs within the flux ladder.The staggered-current phase is also allowed,with its formation condition altered because of the four-leg construction.The number of legs on the flux ladder can make an effect.展开更多
Low dielectric constant(low-k)materials are critical for advanced packaging in high-density microelectronic devices and high-frequency communication technologies.Ladder polysiloxanes,which are characterized by their u...Low dielectric constant(low-k)materials are critical for advanced packaging in high-density microelectronic devices and high-frequency communication technologies.Ladder polysiloxanes,which are characterized by their unique double-chain structure and intrinsic microporosity,offer remarkable advantages in terms of thermal stability,oxidation resistance,and dielectric performance.However,structural defects in ladder polysiloxanes,such as cage-like and irregular oligomers,and their effects on dielectric properties remain underexplored.In this study,a series of ladder-like polysiloxanes(X-TMS)with diverse side groups weresynthesized via a one-step base-catalyzed method.The influence of the benzocyclobutene(BCB)side groups on the formation of regular ladder structures was systematically investigated.Notably,BCB incorporation disrupted the structural regularity,favoring the formation of cage-like and irregular topologies,which were extensively characterized using 29silicon nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(^(29)Si-NMR),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),gel permeation chromatography(GPC),and X-ray diffraction(XRD).These structural defects were beneficial for improving the hydrophobicity and thermal stability.Copolymerization of X-TMS with commercial DVS-BCB resins further enhanced the mechanical properties,with the elastic modulus increasing from 3.6 GPa to 4.4 GPa and water absorption reduced from 0.33 wt%to 0.06 wt%.This study establishes a clear correlation between topological structures and material properties.These findings not only advance the understanding of the structure-property relationships in ladder polysiloxanes but also provide a novel approach for designing high-performance interlayer dielectric materials for next-generation microelectronics.展开更多
We studied the dynamic correlations of non-integrable systems with quantum many-body scar(QMBS)states generated by a ladder operator.The ladder operator's spectral function has an exact δ-function peak induced by...We studied the dynamic correlations of non-integrable systems with quantum many-body scar(QMBS)states generated by a ladder operator.The ladder operator's spectral function has an exact δ-function peak induced by the QMBS states.As a concrete example,we show that in the one-dimensional(1D)spin-1 Affleck-Kennedy-Lieb-Tasaki model,the spectral function of two-magnon excitations exhibits a characteristic bowtie shape composed of aδ-function resonance peak at momentum k=π and a continuum spectrum elsewhere.The two-magnon excitations can be observed via resonant inelastic X-ray scattering spectroscopy on quasi-1D nickelates and other spin-1 antiferromagnetic materials.Therefore,the findings of this study pave the way for detecting(approximate)QMBS states in realistic materials.展开更多
I.I want to go to junior middle school,One morning,Wood brings a ladder to school.Mike is surprised and asks,"Why do you bring a ladder to school,Wood?"Wood smiles and says,"Because I want to go to juni...I.I want to go to junior middle school,One morning,Wood brings a ladder to school.Mike is surprised and asks,"Why do you bring a ladder to school,Wood?"Wood smiles and says,"Because I want to go to junior middle school."展开更多
Send us your photographs and let us know what lies behind them at contacts@chinafrica.cnHighline Challenge Competitors race on slacklines at the Yellow River Ladder Cliffs Scenic Area in Yuncheng,Shanxi Province,on 16...Send us your photographs and let us know what lies behind them at contacts@chinafrica.cnHighline Challenge Competitors race on slacklines at the Yellow River Ladder Cliffs Scenic Area in Yuncheng,Shanxi Province,on 16 September.After fierce competition,Chinese athlete He Jinyi won the 100-metre sprint title.SOURCE:VCG。展开更多
Objective To systematically evaluate the overall efficacy of external application of traditional Chinese medicine(EA-TCM)in combination with oral three-step analgesic ladder therapy for patients suffering from cancer-...Objective To systematically evaluate the overall efficacy of external application of traditional Chinese medicine(EA-TCM)in combination with oral three-step analgesic ladder therapy for patients suffering from cancer-induced bone pain(CIBP).Methods We conducted a literature search of randomized controlled trials on the combination of EA-TCM and three-step analgesic ladder therapy for CIBP across ten databases and two registration systems.It included four Chinese databases[Chinese Biomedical Literature Database(SinoMed),China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang Database,and China Science and Technology Journal Database(VIP)],six English databases(Scopus,Embase,Web of Science,PubMed,Cochrane Library,and OpenGrey),and two registration systems(Chinese Clinical Trial Registry and ClinicalTrials.gov).The timeframe for the literature search extended from the inception of each database to December 31,2023.Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan(v5.4.1),and the outcome indicators(pain relief rate,analgesic duration,quality of life,pain intensity,breakthrough pain frequency,and adverse reactions)were graded using GRADE profiler(v3.6).Results According to the established inclusion and exclusion criteria,a total of 43 studies was deemed eligible,involving 3142 participants with CIBP.The results of meta-analysis showed that compared with oral three-step analgesic ladder therapy alone,the combined therapy of EA-TCM and three-step analgesic ladder has a significant improvement in pain relief rate[risk ratio(RR)=1.32,95%confidence interval(CI):1.24 to 1.41,P<0.00001],analgesic duration[mean difference(MD)=1.33,95%CI:0.97 to 1.69,P<0.00001],and quality of life(MD=5.66,95%CI:4.88 to 6.44,P<0.00001).Furthermore,the combined therapy significantly reduced pain intensity(MD=-1.00,95%CI:-1.19 to-0.80,P<0.00001),breakthrough pain frequency(MD=-0.43,95%CI:-0.51 to-0.36,P<0.00001),and adverse reactions(RR=0.60,95%CI:0.53 to 0.68,P<0.00001)in CIBP patients.Based on the GRADE assessment,the level of evidence varied from low to moderate.Conclusion EA-TCM combined with the three-step analgesic ladder therapy can effectively alleviate pain symptoms in patients with CIBP and improve their quality of life.Additionally,the EA-TCM can effectively reduce the incidence of adverse reactions associated with threestep analgesic therapy.展开更多
目的对D19S433基因座稀有等位基因8.2,用分子生物学方法,验证其命名,对突变发生的位置进行确认和分析。方法设计引物对目的基因进行扩增和测序,验证常规命名法。将测序所得序列与D19S433基因座的基础序列进行比对分析。结果Goldeneye DN...目的对D19S433基因座稀有等位基因8.2,用分子生物学方法,验证其命名,对突变发生的位置进行确认和分析。方法设计引物对目的基因进行扩增和测序,验证常规命名法。将测序所得序列与D19S433基因座的基础序列进行比对分析。结果Goldeneye DNA 20A和AGCU EX22亲子鉴定系统联合检测,相互比对,确定在检案中发现的分型标准物之外(Off⁃ladder,OL)的等位基因为D19S433基因座的稀有等位基因。经常规漂移校正计算该等位基因为8.2。测序后分析其重复序列确定该等位基因为8.2无误。结论对STR分型中发现的稀有等位基因进行测序,分析其重复序列,可以准确的对其进行命名,确定稀有等位基因突变的位置,丰富中国人群STR数据信息。展开更多
We investigate the topological properties of a two-chain quantum ladder with uneven legs,i.e.,the two chains differ in their periods by a factor of 2.Such an uneven ladder presents rich band structures classified by t...We investigate the topological properties of a two-chain quantum ladder with uneven legs,i.e.,the two chains differ in their periods by a factor of 2.Such an uneven ladder presents rich band structures classified by the closure of either direct or indirect bandgaps.It also provides opportunities to explore fundamental concepts concerning band topology and edge modes,including the difference of intracellular and intercellular Zak phases,and the role of the inversion symmetry(IS).We calculate the Zak phases of the two kinds and find excellent agreement with the dipole moment and extra charge accumulation.We also find that configurations with IS feature a pair of degenerate two-side edge modes emerging as the closure of the direct bandgap,while configurations without IS feature one-side edge modes emerging as not only the closure of both direct and indirect bandgaps but also within the band continuum.Furthermore,by projecting to the two sublattices,we find that the effective Bloch Hamiltonian corresponds to that of a generalized Su–Schrieffer–Heeger model or the Rice–Mele model whose hopping amplitudes depend on the quasimomentum.In this way,the topological phases can be efficiently extracted through winding numbers.We propose that uneven ladders can be realized by spin-dependent optical lattices and their rich topological characteristics can be examined by near future experiments.展开更多
Objective:To analyze the feasibility of adopting a combined ladder and case teaching method in otolaryngology nursing teaching.Method:Nursing students in the otolaryngology department were selected.According to the ad...Objective:To analyze the feasibility of adopting a combined ladder and case teaching method in otolaryngology nursing teaching.Method:Nursing students in the otolaryngology department were selected.According to the admission time of nursing students,30 nursing students formed a control group(conventional nursing teaching),and 30 nursing students who were admitted later formed an observation group(ladder and case teaching method).The learning performance and teaching effectiveness of nursing students under different teaching methods were analyzed.Result:The academic performance and teaching effectiveness of the observation group were higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The implementation of the ladder and case teaching method during the teaching of otolaryngology nursing significantly improved the student’s academic performance and teaching effectiveness.This method has great practical value.展开更多
文摘Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent type of cell death, is being considered for new clinical treatments of malignant tumors that are difficult to treat with apoptosis inducers. Although several reports have attempted to increase the sensitivity of cells to cell death by combining ferroptosis and apoptosis inducers using a single treatment, detailed elucidation of the respective mechanisms of ferroptosis and apoptosis during cell death remains unclear. Here, we evaluated combined treatment effectiveness using the apoptosis-sensitive rat insulinoma INS-1 cell lines. DNA laddering, an indicator of camptothecin (CPT)-induced apoptosis, was abolished by adding RSL3 and ML-162, but not erastin. We found that when the cells were treated with the apoptosis inducer CPT or the ferroptosis inducer RSL3, respectively, the degree of cytotoxicity observed increased dose-dependently. However, a combined CPT and RSL3 treatment did not show a synergistic decrease in cell viability. Camptothecin did not significantly affect increases in intracellular lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species or increases in mitochondrial and cytoplasmic free iron levels that were induced by treatment with RSL3 alone. Moreover, deferoxamine and α-tocopherol were found to inhibit RSL3-induced cytotoxicity but did not protect against CPT or CPT and RSL3-induced cytotoxicity. Finally, the exogenous addition of tert-butyl hydroperoxide inhibited DNA ladder formation that is induced by CPT, while the addition of hydrogen peroxide or ferrous ammonium sulfate had no effect. Taken together, these results suggest that lipid peroxides generated during ferroptosis may suppress cell death induced by apoptotic mechanisms.
基金supported by the Scientific Research Foundation of Hainan Tropical Ocean University(Grant No.RHDRC202301)。
文摘We conduct a dynamical Gutzwiller mean-field study of interacting bosons on a four-leg ladder,subject to a uniform flux.The ground states dependent on the magnetic flux and kinetic tunneling strength are explored.Consequently,we identify the super-vortical lattice,as well as the inner-Meissner phase,which presents Meissner currents just along the intimal legs within the flux ladder.The staggered-current phase is also allowed,with its formation condition altered because of the four-leg construction.The number of legs on the flux ladder can make an effect.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52373316,22075298,and52373020)the Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation(No.2212053)。
文摘Low dielectric constant(low-k)materials are critical for advanced packaging in high-density microelectronic devices and high-frequency communication technologies.Ladder polysiloxanes,which are characterized by their unique double-chain structure and intrinsic microporosity,offer remarkable advantages in terms of thermal stability,oxidation resistance,and dielectric performance.However,structural defects in ladder polysiloxanes,such as cage-like and irregular oligomers,and their effects on dielectric properties remain underexplored.In this study,a series of ladder-like polysiloxanes(X-TMS)with diverse side groups weresynthesized via a one-step base-catalyzed method.The influence of the benzocyclobutene(BCB)side groups on the formation of regular ladder structures was systematically investigated.Notably,BCB incorporation disrupted the structural regularity,favoring the formation of cage-like and irregular topologies,which were extensively characterized using 29silicon nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(^(29)Si-NMR),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),gel permeation chromatography(GPC),and X-ray diffraction(XRD).These structural defects were beneficial for improving the hydrophobicity and thermal stability.Copolymerization of X-TMS with commercial DVS-BCB resins further enhanced the mechanical properties,with the elastic modulus increasing from 3.6 GPa to 4.4 GPa and water absorption reduced from 0.33 wt%to 0.06 wt%.This study establishes a clear correlation between topological structures and material properties.These findings not only advance the understanding of the structure-property relationships in ladder polysiloxanes but also provide a novel approach for designing high-performance interlayer dielectric materials for next-generation microelectronics.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12174387)the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant Nos.YSBR-057 and JZHKYPT-2021-08)the Innovative Program for Quantum Science and Technology(Grant No.2021ZD0302600)。
文摘We studied the dynamic correlations of non-integrable systems with quantum many-body scar(QMBS)states generated by a ladder operator.The ladder operator's spectral function has an exact δ-function peak induced by the QMBS states.As a concrete example,we show that in the one-dimensional(1D)spin-1 Affleck-Kennedy-Lieb-Tasaki model,the spectral function of two-magnon excitations exhibits a characteristic bowtie shape composed of aδ-function resonance peak at momentum k=π and a continuum spectrum elsewhere.The two-magnon excitations can be observed via resonant inelastic X-ray scattering spectroscopy on quasi-1D nickelates and other spin-1 antiferromagnetic materials.Therefore,the findings of this study pave the way for detecting(approximate)QMBS states in realistic materials.
文摘I.I want to go to junior middle school,One morning,Wood brings a ladder to school.Mike is surprised and asks,"Why do you bring a ladder to school,Wood?"Wood smiles and says,"Because I want to go to junior middle school."
文摘Send us your photographs and let us know what lies behind them at contacts@chinafrica.cnHighline Challenge Competitors race on slacklines at the Yellow River Ladder Cliffs Scenic Area in Yuncheng,Shanxi Province,on 16 September.After fierce competition,Chinese athlete He Jinyi won the 100-metre sprint title.SOURCE:VCG。
基金Provincial Key Research and Development Project of Hunan(2018SK2127)Hunan Province Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Development Project(201946).
文摘Objective To systematically evaluate the overall efficacy of external application of traditional Chinese medicine(EA-TCM)in combination with oral three-step analgesic ladder therapy for patients suffering from cancer-induced bone pain(CIBP).Methods We conducted a literature search of randomized controlled trials on the combination of EA-TCM and three-step analgesic ladder therapy for CIBP across ten databases and two registration systems.It included four Chinese databases[Chinese Biomedical Literature Database(SinoMed),China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang Database,and China Science and Technology Journal Database(VIP)],six English databases(Scopus,Embase,Web of Science,PubMed,Cochrane Library,and OpenGrey),and two registration systems(Chinese Clinical Trial Registry and ClinicalTrials.gov).The timeframe for the literature search extended from the inception of each database to December 31,2023.Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan(v5.4.1),and the outcome indicators(pain relief rate,analgesic duration,quality of life,pain intensity,breakthrough pain frequency,and adverse reactions)were graded using GRADE profiler(v3.6).Results According to the established inclusion and exclusion criteria,a total of 43 studies was deemed eligible,involving 3142 participants with CIBP.The results of meta-analysis showed that compared with oral three-step analgesic ladder therapy alone,the combined therapy of EA-TCM and three-step analgesic ladder has a significant improvement in pain relief rate[risk ratio(RR)=1.32,95%confidence interval(CI):1.24 to 1.41,P<0.00001],analgesic duration[mean difference(MD)=1.33,95%CI:0.97 to 1.69,P<0.00001],and quality of life(MD=5.66,95%CI:4.88 to 6.44,P<0.00001).Furthermore,the combined therapy significantly reduced pain intensity(MD=-1.00,95%CI:-1.19 to-0.80,P<0.00001),breakthrough pain frequency(MD=-0.43,95%CI:-0.51 to-0.36,P<0.00001),and adverse reactions(RR=0.60,95%CI:0.53 to 0.68,P<0.00001)in CIBP patients.Based on the GRADE assessment,the level of evidence varied from low to moderate.Conclusion EA-TCM combined with the three-step analgesic ladder therapy can effectively alleviate pain symptoms in patients with CIBP and improve their quality of life.Additionally,the EA-TCM can effectively reduce the incidence of adverse reactions associated with threestep analgesic therapy.
文摘目的对D19S433基因座稀有等位基因8.2,用分子生物学方法,验证其命名,对突变发生的位置进行确认和分析。方法设计引物对目的基因进行扩增和测序,验证常规命名法。将测序所得序列与D19S433基因座的基础序列进行比对分析。结果Goldeneye DNA 20A和AGCU EX22亲子鉴定系统联合检测,相互比对,确定在检案中发现的分型标准物之外(Off⁃ladder,OL)的等位基因为D19S433基因座的稀有等位基因。经常规漂移校正计算该等位基因为8.2。测序后分析其重复序列确定该等位基因为8.2无误。结论对STR分型中发现的稀有等位基因进行测序,分析其重复序列,可以准确的对其进行命名,确定稀有等位基因突变的位置,丰富中国人群STR数据信息。
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province,China (Grant Nos.LR22A040001 and LY21A040004)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.12074342 and 11835011)。
文摘We investigate the topological properties of a two-chain quantum ladder with uneven legs,i.e.,the two chains differ in their periods by a factor of 2.Such an uneven ladder presents rich band structures classified by the closure of either direct or indirect bandgaps.It also provides opportunities to explore fundamental concepts concerning band topology and edge modes,including the difference of intracellular and intercellular Zak phases,and the role of the inversion symmetry(IS).We calculate the Zak phases of the two kinds and find excellent agreement with the dipole moment and extra charge accumulation.We also find that configurations with IS feature a pair of degenerate two-side edge modes emerging as the closure of the direct bandgap,while configurations without IS feature one-side edge modes emerging as not only the closure of both direct and indirect bandgaps but also within the band continuum.Furthermore,by projecting to the two sublattices,we find that the effective Bloch Hamiltonian corresponds to that of a generalized Su–Schrieffer–Heeger model or the Rice–Mele model whose hopping amplitudes depend on the quasimomentum.In this way,the topological phases can be efficiently extracted through winding numbers.We propose that uneven ladders can be realized by spin-dependent optical lattices and their rich topological characteristics can be examined by near future experiments.
文摘Objective:To analyze the feasibility of adopting a combined ladder and case teaching method in otolaryngology nursing teaching.Method:Nursing students in the otolaryngology department were selected.According to the admission time of nursing students,30 nursing students formed a control group(conventional nursing teaching),and 30 nursing students who were admitted later formed an observation group(ladder and case teaching method).The learning performance and teaching effectiveness of nursing students under different teaching methods were analyzed.Result:The academic performance and teaching effectiveness of the observation group were higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The implementation of the ladder and case teaching method during the teaching of otolaryngology nursing significantly improved the student’s academic performance and teaching effectiveness.This method has great practical value.
