Biodegradable organic matter constitutes a great portion of Municipal solid waste and comprises organic material which can be broken down by bacteria like paper, card, green waste, food waste, miscellaneous items with...Biodegradable organic matter constitutes a great portion of Municipal solid waste and comprises organic material which can be broken down by bacteria like paper, card, green waste, food waste, miscellaneous items with an organic element and fine materials. This paper mainly evaluated the potential of anaerobic digestion technology in reducing the quantity of solid waste destined to the dumpsite in Kigali city. The paper evaluates the viability of using biodegradable waste meant to the land where the biogas is produced and undertaking its cost & benefit analysis for chemical, physical and biological characteristics of municipal solids waste on anaerobic digestion technology. The quantity of municipal waste generated in Kigali city was used for designing the biodigester required. The paper indicates that the organic waste in Kigali city produces 457 L/kg DM of methane and the overall assessed value of methane was 51,384,375 L with the electricity derived from the methane of 180,873 KWh which is 54% of the daily demand in Kigali city. The volume of the biodigester was found to be 58,065 m3. Based on the energy recovered, revealed that cities will benefit this research for the population demand for the increased electricity.展开更多
The World Health Organization’s first roadmap and the London Declaration on neglected tropical diseases(NTDs)have allowed an unprecedented expansion of interventions to control and eliminate this group of infectious ...The World Health Organization’s first roadmap and the London Declaration on neglected tropical diseases(NTDs)have allowed an unprecedented expansion of interventions to control and eliminate this group of infectious diseases that primarily affects vulnerable or marginalised communities.The 2021-2030 NTD roadmap sustains a further acceleration of interventions but also introduces a broader and more ambitious agenda,calling to be accompanied by a new political declaration.Sponsored by the Government of Rwanda,the Kigali Declaration on neglected tropical diseases will be launched in 2022 to renew and reinvigorate commitments to end NTDs,also in the wake of the current setback caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.Starting on World NTD Day 2022,a global campaign"100%Committed"will call on a broad range of stakeholders to sign the declaration and make bold financial and political commitments towards achieving the 2030 roadmap and Sustainable Development Goals'targets for NTDs.展开更多
The ISO Annual Meeting 2025 was successfully held in Kigali,capital of the Republic of Rwanda,on October 6-10.The event included the opening and closing ceremonies,sessions with different themes,governance meetings an...The ISO Annual Meeting 2025 was successfully held in Kigali,capital of the Republic of Rwanda,on October 6-10.The event included the opening and closing ceremonies,sessions with different themes,governance meetings and social activities.It was hosted by Rwanda Standards Board(RSB),the ISO member,marking a historic first for East Africa.展开更多
The signing of the African Continental Free Trade Area(AfCFTA)in Kigali,Rwanda,on 21 March 2018 spurred a wave of optimism in street markets and corporate boardrooms alike.The 44 countries joining this single market p...The signing of the African Continental Free Trade Area(AfCFTA)in Kigali,Rwanda,on 21 March 2018 spurred a wave of optimism in street markets and corporate boardrooms alike.The 44 countries joining this single market pledged to remove tariffs on 90 percent of goods,knitting economies together in an unprecedented fashion.展开更多
As the major producer and consumer of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), China is obligated to phase-down HFCs to mitigate global warming if China ratifies the Kigali Amendment (KA) to the Montreal Protocol. Based on historic...As the major producer and consumer of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), China is obligated to phase-down HFCs to mitigate global warming if China ratifies the Kigali Amendment (KA) to the Montreal Protocol. Based on historical HFCs consumption in each sector, here we estimated historical HFCs emissions with a bottom-up method, and projected the consumption baseline and schedule for HFCs phase-down in China under the KA and the corresponding potential for emission reduction. Results showed that China's HFCs consumption and emissions in 2017 were 164,000 t (311 Mt C 2_eq) and 108 Mt C02-eq, respectively. HFCs consumption baseline was projected to be (724 ± 18) Mt C 2-eq in 2024, and China should take measures to phase-down HFCs by 2029, at the latest, to meet the requirements of the KA. HFCs consumption in 2050 under KA would reach the level of 2012 2013. Cumulative reduced consumption was estimated at 10.8 (10.1 11.6) Gt C 02-eq, and cumulative reduced emissions were estimated at 5.38 (4.90 5.64) Gt C 02-eq by 2050.展开更多
文摘Biodegradable organic matter constitutes a great portion of Municipal solid waste and comprises organic material which can be broken down by bacteria like paper, card, green waste, food waste, miscellaneous items with an organic element and fine materials. This paper mainly evaluated the potential of anaerobic digestion technology in reducing the quantity of solid waste destined to the dumpsite in Kigali city. The paper evaluates the viability of using biodegradable waste meant to the land where the biogas is produced and undertaking its cost & benefit analysis for chemical, physical and biological characteristics of municipal solids waste on anaerobic digestion technology. The quantity of municipal waste generated in Kigali city was used for designing the biodigester required. The paper indicates that the organic waste in Kigali city produces 457 L/kg DM of methane and the overall assessed value of methane was 51,384,375 L with the electricity derived from the methane of 180,873 KWh which is 54% of the daily demand in Kigali city. The volume of the biodigester was found to be 58,065 m3. Based on the energy recovered, revealed that cities will benefit this research for the population demand for the increased electricity.
文摘The World Health Organization’s first roadmap and the London Declaration on neglected tropical diseases(NTDs)have allowed an unprecedented expansion of interventions to control and eliminate this group of infectious diseases that primarily affects vulnerable or marginalised communities.The 2021-2030 NTD roadmap sustains a further acceleration of interventions but also introduces a broader and more ambitious agenda,calling to be accompanied by a new political declaration.Sponsored by the Government of Rwanda,the Kigali Declaration on neglected tropical diseases will be launched in 2022 to renew and reinvigorate commitments to end NTDs,also in the wake of the current setback caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.Starting on World NTD Day 2022,a global campaign"100%Committed"will call on a broad range of stakeholders to sign the declaration and make bold financial and political commitments towards achieving the 2030 roadmap and Sustainable Development Goals'targets for NTDs.
文摘The ISO Annual Meeting 2025 was successfully held in Kigali,capital of the Republic of Rwanda,on October 6-10.The event included the opening and closing ceremonies,sessions with different themes,governance meetings and social activities.It was hosted by Rwanda Standards Board(RSB),the ISO member,marking a historic first for East Africa.
文摘The signing of the African Continental Free Trade Area(AfCFTA)in Kigali,Rwanda,on 21 March 2018 spurred a wave of optimism in street markets and corporate boardrooms alike.The 44 countries joining this single market pledged to remove tariffs on 90 percent of goods,knitting economies together in an unprecedented fashion.
文摘As the major producer and consumer of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), China is obligated to phase-down HFCs to mitigate global warming if China ratifies the Kigali Amendment (KA) to the Montreal Protocol. Based on historical HFCs consumption in each sector, here we estimated historical HFCs emissions with a bottom-up method, and projected the consumption baseline and schedule for HFCs phase-down in China under the KA and the corresponding potential for emission reduction. Results showed that China's HFCs consumption and emissions in 2017 were 164,000 t (311 Mt C 2_eq) and 108 Mt C02-eq, respectively. HFCs consumption baseline was projected to be (724 ± 18) Mt C 2-eq in 2024, and China should take measures to phase-down HFCs by 2029, at the latest, to meet the requirements of the KA. HFCs consumption in 2050 under KA would reach the level of 2012 2013. Cumulative reduced consumption was estimated at 10.8 (10.1 11.6) Gt C 02-eq, and cumulative reduced emissions were estimated at 5.38 (4.90 5.64) Gt C 02-eq by 2050.
