In distributed fusion,when one or more sensors are disturbed by faults,a common problem is that their local estimations are inconsistent with those of other fault-free sensors.Most of the existing fault-tolerant distr...In distributed fusion,when one or more sensors are disturbed by faults,a common problem is that their local estimations are inconsistent with those of other fault-free sensors.Most of the existing fault-tolerant distributed fusion algorithms,such as the Covariance Union(CU)and Faulttolerant Generalized Convex Combination(FGCC),are only used for the point estimation case where local estimates and their associated error covariances are provided.A treatment with focus on the fault-tolerant distributed fusions of arbitrary local Probability Density Functions(PDFs)is lacking.For this problem,we first propose Kullback–Leibler Divergence(KLD)and reversed KLD induced functional Fuzzy c-Means(FCM)clustering algorithms to soft cluster all local PDFs,respectively.On this basis,two fault-tolerant distributed fusion algorithms of arbitrary local PDFs are then developed.They select the representing PDF of the cluster with the largest sum of memberships as the fused PDF.Numerical examples verify the better fault tolerance of the developed two distributed fusion algorithms.展开更多
目的探讨KLD-12多肽复合重组人BMP-2（recombinant human BMP-2, rhBMP-2）诱导兔BMSCs成骨活性的影响。方法取3月龄新西兰大白兔骨髓，采用密度梯度法分离培养BMSCs。取第3代BMSCs分别采用KLD-12多肽／rhBMP-2凝胶三维培养（实验组）和...目的探讨KLD-12多肽复合重组人BMP-2（recombinant human BMP-2, rhBMP-2）诱导兔BMSCs成骨活性的影响。方法取3月龄新西兰大白兔骨髓，采用密度梯度法分离培养BMSCs。取第3代BMSCs分别采用KLD-12多肽／rhBMP-2凝胶三维培养（实验组）和KLD-12多肽凝胶培养（对照组）。培养7d倒置相差显微镜下观察实验组细胞在凝胶内的形态；3、7、10、14、21d检测两组细胞培养基中ALP及骨钙蛋白含量；培养14d两组行I型胶原免疫荧光染色观察，实时荧光定量PCR检测I型胶原和骨钙蛋白基因相对表达量。结果倒置相差显微镜下观察，培养7d实验组及对照组凝胶内BMSCs呈圆形，分布均匀。两组培养3、7d时ALP表达量及骨钙蛋白含量比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05），10～21d实验组以上指标均明显高于对照组（P〈0．05）。培养14d。激光共聚焦显微镜观察示，实验组I型胶原免疫荧光染色阳性，且荧光强度较对照组高；实时荧光定量PCR检测实验组I型胶原、骨钙蛋白基因相对表达量均显著高于对照组，比较差异有统计学意义（t=15．902，P=O．000；t=12．998。P=0．000）。结论BMSCs在KLD-12多肽内正常生长并增殖，KLD-12多肽／rhBMP-2凝胶诱导BMSCs向成骨细胞分化的生物活性良好。展开更多
基金supported in part by the Open Fund of Intelligent Control Laboratory,China(No.ICL-2023–0202)in part by National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2021YFC2202600,2021YFC2202603)。
文摘In distributed fusion,when one or more sensors are disturbed by faults,a common problem is that their local estimations are inconsistent with those of other fault-free sensors.Most of the existing fault-tolerant distributed fusion algorithms,such as the Covariance Union(CU)and Faulttolerant Generalized Convex Combination(FGCC),are only used for the point estimation case where local estimates and their associated error covariances are provided.A treatment with focus on the fault-tolerant distributed fusions of arbitrary local Probability Density Functions(PDFs)is lacking.For this problem,we first propose Kullback–Leibler Divergence(KLD)and reversed KLD induced functional Fuzzy c-Means(FCM)clustering algorithms to soft cluster all local PDFs,respectively.On this basis,two fault-tolerant distributed fusion algorithms of arbitrary local PDFs are then developed.They select the representing PDF of the cluster with the largest sum of memberships as the fused PDF.Numerical examples verify the better fault tolerance of the developed two distributed fusion algorithms.
文摘目的探讨KLD-12多肽复合重组人BMP-2（recombinant human BMP-2, rhBMP-2）诱导兔BMSCs成骨活性的影响。方法取3月龄新西兰大白兔骨髓，采用密度梯度法分离培养BMSCs。取第3代BMSCs分别采用KLD-12多肽／rhBMP-2凝胶三维培养（实验组）和KLD-12多肽凝胶培养（对照组）。培养7d倒置相差显微镜下观察实验组细胞在凝胶内的形态；3、7、10、14、21d检测两组细胞培养基中ALP及骨钙蛋白含量；培养14d两组行I型胶原免疫荧光染色观察，实时荧光定量PCR检测I型胶原和骨钙蛋白基因相对表达量。结果倒置相差显微镜下观察，培养7d实验组及对照组凝胶内BMSCs呈圆形，分布均匀。两组培养3、7d时ALP表达量及骨钙蛋白含量比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05），10～21d实验组以上指标均明显高于对照组（P〈0．05）。培养14d。激光共聚焦显微镜观察示，实验组I型胶原免疫荧光染色阳性，且荧光强度较对照组高；实时荧光定量PCR检测实验组I型胶原、骨钙蛋白基因相对表达量均显著高于对照组，比较差异有统计学意义（t=15．902，P=O．000；t=12．998。P=0．000）。结论BMSCs在KLD-12多肽内正常生长并增殖，KLD-12多肽／rhBMP-2凝胶诱导BMSCs向成骨细胞分化的生物活性良好。
