In Mozambique,groundnut(Arachis hypogaea L.)in terms of importance is the third crop after maize(Zea mays L.)and cassava(Manihot esculenta).But due to geographical location,the country suffers major impacts of climate...In Mozambique,groundnut(Arachis hypogaea L.)in terms of importance is the third crop after maize(Zea mays L.)and cassava(Manihot esculenta).But due to geographical location,the country suffers major impacts of climate change and natural phenomena that also influence the production of this crop.The recent Kenneth cyclone that has affected Northern Mozambique,Cabo Delgado and Nampula provinces,is an example of such problems.This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Kenneth cyclone on groundnut cultivation in Eráti and Meconta districts in Nampula province.The research used a questionnaire with closed and open questions to collect data from 31 producers and five traders in Eráti and Meconta districts.Based on the data the sum of the overall average production losses between the two districts was approximately 60%,in which Eráti lost 52%and Meconta 67%of the total production expected for groundnut.The biggest impact was the loss of unharvested groundnut germination and the deterioration of the groundnut in the field while drying.Kenneth cyclone created appropriate conditions for the proliferation of fungus causing aflatoxin,Aspergillus flavus.Samples collected for laboratory analysis showed high levels of total aflatoxins,some 269.4 ppb in Meconta and 148.3 ppb in Eráti.The purchase price of groundnut in Eráti during this period varied naturally based on product quality,with 0.8 US$/kg of groundnut that looks good quality(without the presence of fungus or mould,insect damage,rotten and germinated nuts)and 0.6 US$/kg for the poor quality(presence of fungus or mould,insect damage,rotten and germinated nuts).Kenneth cyclone affected the expectations of farmers in groundnut yields in the 2018/2019 season.展开更多
The book Theory of International Politics without a doubt is a pillar in the field of international relations.Kenneth Waltz is considered as the founder of Neorealist theory or what is known“Structural Realism”.His ...The book Theory of International Politics without a doubt is a pillar in the field of international relations.Kenneth Waltz is considered as the founder of Neorealist theory or what is known“Structural Realism”.His book was published at a time when Neo-liberalism was dominant.Indeed,he opened a huge debate in IR and challenged the consensus that prevailed at the time.The concepts of anarchy and power are at the center of Waltz’s theory of international politics where he tried to explain how the structure of the international system is,and how this system affects the behavior of states,which they are considered as the main players in the international system.Thus,the current study’s aim is to analyze and identify the main arguments and concepts of the book and the critics directed to it.To do so,in the first section,the intellectual background of the author and introduction to the book has been mentioned.Second,the arrangement of the chapters of the book is illustrated.Following are the main arguments and concepts of the book.Then critics directed to the book are presented,and finally,the conclusion is discussed.展开更多
On Aug. 20,2003, Prof. Chen Jia' er, President of the NSFC, met with a delegation headed by Dr. Kenneth Chien, Director of Institute of Molecular Medicine, UCSD, who is a famous American scientist with the Chinese...On Aug. 20,2003, Prof. Chen Jia' er, President of the NSFC, met with a delegation headed by Dr. Kenneth Chien, Director of Institute of Molecular Medicine, UCSD, who is a famous American scientist with the Chinese origin.展开更多
基金The authors gratefully acknowledge AMCANE(Groundnut,Cashew and Sustainable Business)project from Helvetas and Aga Khan to facilitate this study and the support provided by Prof.Tito Fernandes.
文摘In Mozambique,groundnut(Arachis hypogaea L.)in terms of importance is the third crop after maize(Zea mays L.)and cassava(Manihot esculenta).But due to geographical location,the country suffers major impacts of climate change and natural phenomena that also influence the production of this crop.The recent Kenneth cyclone that has affected Northern Mozambique,Cabo Delgado and Nampula provinces,is an example of such problems.This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Kenneth cyclone on groundnut cultivation in Eráti and Meconta districts in Nampula province.The research used a questionnaire with closed and open questions to collect data from 31 producers and five traders in Eráti and Meconta districts.Based on the data the sum of the overall average production losses between the two districts was approximately 60%,in which Eráti lost 52%and Meconta 67%of the total production expected for groundnut.The biggest impact was the loss of unharvested groundnut germination and the deterioration of the groundnut in the field while drying.Kenneth cyclone created appropriate conditions for the proliferation of fungus causing aflatoxin,Aspergillus flavus.Samples collected for laboratory analysis showed high levels of total aflatoxins,some 269.4 ppb in Meconta and 148.3 ppb in Eráti.The purchase price of groundnut in Eráti during this period varied naturally based on product quality,with 0.8 US$/kg of groundnut that looks good quality(without the presence of fungus or mould,insect damage,rotten and germinated nuts)and 0.6 US$/kg for the poor quality(presence of fungus or mould,insect damage,rotten and germinated nuts).Kenneth cyclone affected the expectations of farmers in groundnut yields in the 2018/2019 season.
文摘The book Theory of International Politics without a doubt is a pillar in the field of international relations.Kenneth Waltz is considered as the founder of Neorealist theory or what is known“Structural Realism”.His book was published at a time when Neo-liberalism was dominant.Indeed,he opened a huge debate in IR and challenged the consensus that prevailed at the time.The concepts of anarchy and power are at the center of Waltz’s theory of international politics where he tried to explain how the structure of the international system is,and how this system affects the behavior of states,which they are considered as the main players in the international system.Thus,the current study’s aim is to analyze and identify the main arguments and concepts of the book and the critics directed to it.To do so,in the first section,the intellectual background of the author and introduction to the book has been mentioned.Second,the arrangement of the chapters of the book is illustrated.Following are the main arguments and concepts of the book.Then critics directed to the book are presented,and finally,the conclusion is discussed.
文摘On Aug. 20,2003, Prof. Chen Jia' er, President of the NSFC, met with a delegation headed by Dr. Kenneth Chien, Director of Institute of Molecular Medicine, UCSD, who is a famous American scientist with the Chinese origin.
