Great changes in the international environment facing China have taken place since the end of the Cold War. And new changes have taken place after September 11. Even so, China has constantly improved its external envi...Great changes in the international environment facing China have taken place since the end of the Cold War. And new changes have taken place after September 11. Even so, China has constantly improved its external environment and thus it’s standing in the world has grown steadily because of its stable political situation, economic development.展开更多
Are Chinese female more easily blamed than male because of transgressions?To find the answer of this question,we designed an experiment.The hypothesis was:women are more constrained by social norms than men in China.C...Are Chinese female more easily blamed than male because of transgressions?To find the answer of this question,we designed an experiment.The hypothesis was:women are more constrained by social norms than men in China.Chinese have clear expectations to how people should act,and norms apply to women.However,perhaps these expectations might be mitigated when Chinese go abroad and exposed to more culturally looser countries.Moreover,these effects might increase with the longer exposure.In this experiment,we compare people’s attitudes to identical men and women behavior.We mainly hypothesis that(1)There is Greater exception of conformity for women and strevter judgement against women in China.(a)Students study in a culturally looser country have less gender bias toward women.(b)Longer time abroad(in a culturally looser country)mitigate gender bias toward women.(2)Chinese language promotes the formation of expectations to women’s behaviors.展开更多
Moral psychology holds that negative judgements on genetically modified organisms(GMOs) are likely to be intuitive reactions driven by trait disgust without deliberation, which brings difficulty to genetic science com...Moral psychology holds that negative judgements on genetically modified organisms(GMOs) are likely to be intuitive reactions driven by trait disgust without deliberation, which brings difficulty to genetic science communication. Based on two interrelated experiments examining the processes and conditions of individual and scenario features influencing disgust and moral judgement about GMOs, this study aims to identify the different routes through which disgust influences moral judgement about GMOs in the physical and social dimensions. We found that the process of elicited state disgust influencing moral judgement on GMOs is regulated by pathogen disgust sensitivity and moral disgust sensitivity. The difference in opposition to GMOs brought by preferences for precepts implied in moral theories is evidently subject to the joint effect of the disgust elicitation type and emotion reappraisal(ER). This study clarifies the relationship between disgust for GMOs and moral judgement. It also confirms the effectiveness of ER in promoting the transition of moral judgement on GMOs from intuitive reaction to deliberation, thus offering benefits for science communicators targeting audiences who differ in their preferences for precepts implied in moral theories and trait disgust.展开更多
Introduction In all branches of healthcare,clinicians are seen to be making professional judgements based on objective facts and assessments.However,in our daily lives,we recognise and celebrate individual differences...Introduction In all branches of healthcare,clinicians are seen to be making professional judgements based on objective facts and assessments.However,in our daily lives,we recognise and celebrate individual differences in interests,beliefs and personalities.展开更多
For computer science majors in higher education institutions,programming courses are one of the most important professional foundation courses.Proficiency in independent programming skills is of great help to the stud...For computer science majors in higher education institutions,programming courses are one of the most important professional foundation courses.Proficiency in independent programming skills is of great help to the study of subsequent courses and the personal development of students.In the teaching process of programming courses,online judgement systems are often used to improve students’programming level.Traditional online judgement systems lack guidance for students,and it is often difficult for inexperienced students to find and correct errors in their codes by themselves.We propose an online judgement system that integrates a large model of error correction to help students find errors and improve their programming skills.展开更多
The reserved judgment can be broadly categorized into three types: Re-Do, Re-Set, and Natural Flowing Case (i.e. step by step in Re-Try). Hori et al. constructed the Bayes-Fuzzy Estimation and demonstrated that system...The reserved judgment can be broadly categorized into three types: Re-Do, Re-Set, and Natural Flowing Case (i.e. step by step in Re-Try). Hori et al. constructed the Bayes-Fuzzy Estimation and demonstrated that system theory can be applied to the possibility of Markov processes, and that decision-making approaches can be applied to sequential Bayes estimation. In this paper, we focus on the Natural Flowing Case within reserved judgment. Here, the possibility of oblique (or principal) factor rotation is considered as a part of the tandem fuzzy system that follows step by step for sequential Bayes estimation. Ultimately, we achieve a significant result whereby the expected utility can be calculated automatically without the need to construct a utility function for reserved judgment. There, this utility in Re-Do can be calculated by the prior utility, and that utility in Re-set does not exist by our research in this paper. Finally, we elucidate the relationship between fuzzy system theory and fuzzy decision theory through an applied example of Bayes-Fuzzy theory. Fuzzy estimation can be applied to only normal making decision, but it is impossible to apply abnormal decision problem. Our Vague, specially Type 2 Vague can be applied to abnormal case, too.展开更多
It is well known that the system (1 + 1) can be unequal to 2, because this system has both observation error and system error. Furthermore, we must provide our mustered service within our cool head and warm heart, whe...It is well known that the system (1 + 1) can be unequal to 2, because this system has both observation error and system error. Furthermore, we must provide our mustered service within our cool head and warm heart, where two states of nature are existing upon us. Any system is regarded as the two-dimensional variable error model. On the other hand, we consider that the fuzziness is existing in this system. Though we can usually obtain the fuzzy number from the possibility theory, it is not fuzzy but possibility, because the possibility function is as same as the likelihood function, and we can obtain the possibility measure by the maximal likelihood method (i.e. max product method proposed by Dr. Hideo Tanaka). Therefore, Fuzzy is regarded as the only one case according to Vague, which has both some state of nature in this world and another state of nature in the other world. Here, we can consider that Type 1 Vague Event in other world can be obtained by mapping and translating from Type 1 fuzzy Event in this world. We named this estimation as Type 1 Bayes-Fuzzy Estimation. When the Vague Events were abnormal (ex. under War), we need to consider that another world could exist around other world. In this case, we call it Type 2 Bayes-Fuzzy Estimation. Where Hori et al. constructed the stochastic different equation upon Type 1 Vague Events, along with the general following probabilistic introduction method from the single regression model, multi-regression model, AR model, Markov (decision) process, to the stochastic different equation. Furthermore, we showed that the system theory approach is Possibility Markov Process, and that the making decision approach is Sequential Bayes Estimation, too. After all, Type 1 Bays-Fuzzy estimation is the special case in Bayes estimation, because the pareto solutions can exist in two stochastic different equations upon Type 2 Vague Events, after we ignore one equation each other (note that this is Type 1 case), we can obtain both its system solution and its decision solution. Here, it is noted that Type 2 Vague estimation can be applied to the shallow abnormal decision problem with possibility reserved judgement. However, it is very important problem that we can have no idea for possibility reserved judgement under the deepest abnormal envelopment (ex. under War). Expect for this deepest abnormal decision problem, Bayes estimation can completely cover fuzzy estimation. In this paper, we explain our flowing study and further research object forward to this deepest abnormal decision problem.展开更多
Background: Previous studies have demonstrated the plasticity of perceptual sensitivity and compensatory mechanisms of audiovisual integration (AVI) in older adults. However, the impact of perceptual training on audio...Background: Previous studies have demonstrated the plasticity of perceptual sensitivity and compensatory mechanisms of audiovisual integration (AVI) in older adults. However, the impact of perceptual training on audiovisual integrative abilities remains unclear. Methods: This study randomly assigned 40 older adults to either a training or control group. The training group underwent a five-day audiovisual perceptual program, while the control group received no training. Participants completed simultaneous judgment (SJ) and audiovisual detection tasks before and after training. Results: Findings indicated improved perceptual sensitivity to audiovisual synchrony in the training group, with AVI significantly higher post-test compared to pre-test (9.95% vs. 13.87%). No significant change was observed in the control group (9.61% vs. 10.77%). Conclusion: These results suggested that cross-modal perceptual training might be an effective candidate cognitive intervention to ease the dysfunction of unimodal sensory.展开更多
Low earth orbit（LEO）satellite constellation networks have a predominance of global coverage with low propagation delays.A new spot beam judgement algorithm is presented in LEO satellite constellation.At first,judgem...Low earth orbit（LEO）satellite constellation networks have a predominance of global coverage with low propagation delays.A new spot beam judgement algorithm is presented in LEO satellite constellation.At first,judgement of central spot beam is considered.Then the judgement of outlying spot beam is achieved by two algorithms.One is 2-D space judgement algorithm and the other is 3-D space judgement algorithm.Based on these algorithms,an Iridium model implemented on OPNET with dynamic topology nodes and network layer protocols is presented and simulation results are obtained.The simulation results show that the satellite serving time has obviously increased through the method of longest visible time criterion and the equal beam width model is validated.展开更多
Silence,as a type of non-verbal communication,expresses special meanings of the speakers.The core of this study is focused on the functions of silence in conversations from the famous American TV series Prison Break(S...Silence,as a type of non-verbal communication,expresses special meanings of the speakers.The core of this study is focused on the functions of silence in conversations from the famous American TV series Prison Break(Season I),in order to reveal that silence,as an important tool in human communication,has richness of meaning and complexity of use.展开更多
By the transformation relations between complementary judgement matrix and recip- rocal judgement matrix,this paper proposes two methods for improving the consistency of com- plementary judgement matrix and gives tw...By the transformation relations between complementary judgement matrix and recip- rocal judgement matrix,this paper proposes two methods for improving the consistency of com- plementary judgement matrix and gives two simple practical iterative algorithms.These two al- gorithms are easy to implementon computer,and the modified complementary judgementmatri- ces remain most information that original matrix contains.Thus the methods supplement and develop the theory and methodology for improving consistency of complementary judgement matrix展开更多
The unified hardening(UH)model proposed by Yao et al.(Geotechnique 2009)is the constitutive model which can consider the influence of the complex stress path and stress history on the deformation and strength of clays...The unified hardening(UH)model proposed by Yao et al.(Geotechnique 2009)is the constitutive model which can consider the influence of the complex stress path and stress history on the deformation and strength of clays reasonably.Firstly,the loading-unloading criterion of material model is defined as the change law of the intersection of current yield surface and the p axis,which makes the loading-unloading in the process of hardening and softening can be unified considered in UH model.Then,the Newton-Raphson method is adopted to attain the nonlinear problems solution in the finite element method of UH model,and the semi-implicit return mapping method is adopted to update stress.The application of the UH model in the finite element is realized.And then,the analyses of triaxial test are performed using the unit prediction and finite element method.The results of the unit prediction method are compared with the experimental results to illustrate the rationality of the UH model.Comparing the results with the unit prediction method and the finite element method,the correctness of the finite element program of the UH model is iUusttated.Further,Ae three-dimensional firdte element andysis of embankment on soft soil is performed by the program.The comparison between the results calculated by the UH model and the modified Cam-clay(MCC)model and the experimental data shows that the UH model is rational in analyzing the actual embankment engineering on soft soil.展开更多
The weighted arithmetical mean complex judgement matrix （WAMCJM） is the most common method for aggregating group opinions, but it has a shortcoming, namely the WAMCJM of the perfectly consistent judgement matrices g...The weighted arithmetical mean complex judgement matrix （WAMCJM） is the most common method for aggregating group opinions, but it has a shortcoming, namely the WAMCJM of the perfectly consistent judgement matrices given by experts canot guarantee its perfect consistency. An upper bound of the WAMCJM＇s consistency is presented. Simultaneously, a compatibility index of judging the aggregating extent of group opinions is also introduced. The WAMCJM is of acceptable consistency and is proved provided the compatibilities of all judgement matrices given by experts are smaller than the threshold value of acceptable consistency. These conclusions are important to group decision making.展开更多
Using score function in a matrix game is very rare. In the proposed paper we have considered a matrix game with pay-off as triangular intuitionistic fuzzy number and a new ranking order has been proposed using value j...Using score function in a matrix game is very rare. In the proposed paper we have considered a matrix game with pay-off as triangular intuitionistic fuzzy number and a new ranking order has been proposed using value judgement index, available definitions and operations. A new concept of score function has been developed to defuzzify the pay-off matrix and solution of the matrix game has been obtained. A numerical example has been given in support of the proposed method.展开更多
he Grey system theory -was applied in reliability analysis of mechanical equip-ment. It is a new theory and method in reliability engineering of mechanical engineering of mechanical equipment. Through the Grey forecas...he Grey system theory -was applied in reliability analysis of mechanical equip-ment. It is a new theory and method in reliability engineering of mechanical engineering of mechanical equipment. Through the Grey forecast of reliability parameters and the reliability forecast of parts and systems, decisions were made in the real operative state of e-quipment in real time. It replaced the old method that required mathematics and physical statistics in a large base of test data to obtain a pre-check , and it was used in a practical problem. Because of applying the data of practical operation state in real time, it could much more approach the real condition of equipment; it-was applied to guide the procedure and had rather considerable economic and social benefits.展开更多
The appraisement of "the green level" for a green product is a problem that has to deal with multi aspects and multi stratification. According to the property of the items that affect "the green level...The appraisement of "the green level" for a green product is a problem that has to deal with multi aspects and multi stratification. According to the property of the items that affect "the green level" of the product, they can be divided into aspects, elements and factors. These make appreciable grades. Multi level fuzzy judgement can solve the appraisement problem that considers the influences of design, manufacture, use and recovery in all life cycle or multi life cycle of a product. In the judging process it not only deals with the action of all factors, but also continues to have all messages in grade judgement. The power coefficients stand out as the main items. An example is given to show the judgement process.展开更多
The paper discusses the use of five hydrochemical indexes in evaluating seawater intrusion, and ranking the intrusion degree for Cl -, M, Br -, rHCO 3/rCl and SAR. The fuzzy mathematical comprehensive judgement mo...The paper discusses the use of five hydrochemical indexes in evaluating seawater intrusion, and ranking the intrusion degree for Cl -, M, Br -, rHCO 3/rCl and SAR. The fuzzy mathematical comprehensive judgement model has been adopted as the method of adjustment. Based on more than 300 water samples obtained from four typical profiles in the coastal region of Laizhou Gulf during the period from June 1993 to June 1995, we made a comprehensive judgement of seawater intrusion degree. The result shows that intrusion degree was becoming heavier from June 1993 to June 1994, but more steady and inactive in the high level of intrusion degree in the perennial severe intrusion zone from December 1994 to June 1995. Since entering the 1990s up to now, the process of seawater intrusion has translated from its peak developmental stage from the 1970s to the 1980s into a stage of equilibrium and slow development mainly because the intruded area expanded inland, precipitation increased at some extent recently and various measures of prevention and harness begin to show the effect.展开更多
Computer Art (CA) is a very important field in computer applications. Based on the analysis and summarization of the painting process, a new method of CA creation using the techniques of com- puter graphics and the ex...Computer Art (CA) is a very important field in computer applications. Based on the analysis and summarization of the painting process, a new method of CA creation using the techniques of com- puter graphics and the expert system is presented in this paper. The reduction of pattern model, simu- lation of special effect, representation of aesthetics knowledge and fuzzy judgement of beauty are includ- ed by this new method.展开更多
The appraisement of "the green level" for a green p ro duct is a problem that has to deal with multi-aspect and multi-stratification. According to the property of the items that affect "the green level&...The appraisement of "the green level" for a green p ro duct is a problem that has to deal with multi-aspect and multi-stratification. According to the property of the items that affect "the green level" of the pro duct, they can be divided into aspects, elements and factors. These make appreci able grades. The multi-level fuzzy judgement can solve the appraisement problem that considers the influences of design, manufacture, use and recovery in all- life cycle or multi-life cycle of product. In the judging process it is not onl y deal with the action of all factors, but also continue to have all messages in grade judgement. The power coefficients stand out as the main items. An example is given to show the judgement process.展开更多
In commanding decision-making, the commander usually needs to know a lot of situations（intelligence） on the adversary. Because of the military intelligence with opposability, it is inevitable that intelligence perso...In commanding decision-making, the commander usually needs to know a lot of situations（intelligence） on the adversary. Because of the military intelligence with opposability, it is inevitable that intelligence personnel take some deceptive information released by the rival as intelligence data in the process of intelligence gathering. Since the failure of intelligence is likely to lead to a serious aftereffect, the recognition of intelligence is a very important problem. An elementary research on recognizing military intelligence and puts forward a systematic processing method are made. First, the types and characteristics of military intelligence are briefly discussed, a research thought of recognizing military intelligence by means of recognizing military hypotheses are presented. Next, the reasoning mode and framework for recognizing military hypotheses are presented from the angle of psychology of intelligence analysis and non-monotonic reasoning. Then, a model for recognizing military hypothesis is built on the basis of fuzzy judgement information given by intelligence analysts. A calculative example shows that the model has the characteristics of simple calculation and good maneuverability. Last, the methods that selecting the most likely hypothesis from the survival hypotheses via final recognition are discussed.展开更多
文摘Great changes in the international environment facing China have taken place since the end of the Cold War. And new changes have taken place after September 11. Even so, China has constantly improved its external environment and thus it’s standing in the world has grown steadily because of its stable political situation, economic development.
文摘Are Chinese female more easily blamed than male because of transgressions?To find the answer of this question,we designed an experiment.The hypothesis was:women are more constrained by social norms than men in China.Chinese have clear expectations to how people should act,and norms apply to women.However,perhaps these expectations might be mitigated when Chinese go abroad and exposed to more culturally looser countries.Moreover,these effects might increase with the longer exposure.In this experiment,we compare people’s attitudes to identical men and women behavior.We mainly hypothesis that(1)There is Greater exception of conformity for women and strevter judgement against women in China.(a)Students study in a culturally looser country have less gender bias toward women.(b)Longer time abroad(in a culturally looser country)mitigate gender bias toward women.(2)Chinese language promotes the formation of expectations to women’s behaviors.
基金supported by the Science Popularization and Risk Communication of Transgenic Biotechnologies project (grant ID:2016ZX08015002)
文摘Moral psychology holds that negative judgements on genetically modified organisms(GMOs) are likely to be intuitive reactions driven by trait disgust without deliberation, which brings difficulty to genetic science communication. Based on two interrelated experiments examining the processes and conditions of individual and scenario features influencing disgust and moral judgement about GMOs, this study aims to identify the different routes through which disgust influences moral judgement about GMOs in the physical and social dimensions. We found that the process of elicited state disgust influencing moral judgement on GMOs is regulated by pathogen disgust sensitivity and moral disgust sensitivity. The difference in opposition to GMOs brought by preferences for precepts implied in moral theories is evidently subject to the joint effect of the disgust elicitation type and emotion reappraisal(ER). This study clarifies the relationship between disgust for GMOs and moral judgement. It also confirms the effectiveness of ER in promoting the transition of moral judgement on GMOs from intuitive reaction to deliberation, thus offering benefits for science communicators targeting audiences who differ in their preferences for precepts implied in moral theories and trait disgust.
文摘Introduction In all branches of healthcare,clinicians are seen to be making professional judgements based on objective facts and assessments.However,in our daily lives,we recognise and celebrate individual differences in interests,beliefs and personalities.
基金supported by Research and Construction of Experimental Teaching Aid Platform for Programming under the Teaching Reform Research Project of Shandong University。
文摘For computer science majors in higher education institutions,programming courses are one of the most important professional foundation courses.Proficiency in independent programming skills is of great help to the study of subsequent courses and the personal development of students.In the teaching process of programming courses,online judgement systems are often used to improve students’programming level.Traditional online judgement systems lack guidance for students,and it is often difficult for inexperienced students to find and correct errors in their codes by themselves.We propose an online judgement system that integrates a large model of error correction to help students find errors and improve their programming skills.
文摘The reserved judgment can be broadly categorized into three types: Re-Do, Re-Set, and Natural Flowing Case (i.e. step by step in Re-Try). Hori et al. constructed the Bayes-Fuzzy Estimation and demonstrated that system theory can be applied to the possibility of Markov processes, and that decision-making approaches can be applied to sequential Bayes estimation. In this paper, we focus on the Natural Flowing Case within reserved judgment. Here, the possibility of oblique (or principal) factor rotation is considered as a part of the tandem fuzzy system that follows step by step for sequential Bayes estimation. Ultimately, we achieve a significant result whereby the expected utility can be calculated automatically without the need to construct a utility function for reserved judgment. There, this utility in Re-Do can be calculated by the prior utility, and that utility in Re-set does not exist by our research in this paper. Finally, we elucidate the relationship between fuzzy system theory and fuzzy decision theory through an applied example of Bayes-Fuzzy theory. Fuzzy estimation can be applied to only normal making decision, but it is impossible to apply abnormal decision problem. Our Vague, specially Type 2 Vague can be applied to abnormal case, too.
文摘It is well known that the system (1 + 1) can be unequal to 2, because this system has both observation error and system error. Furthermore, we must provide our mustered service within our cool head and warm heart, where two states of nature are existing upon us. Any system is regarded as the two-dimensional variable error model. On the other hand, we consider that the fuzziness is existing in this system. Though we can usually obtain the fuzzy number from the possibility theory, it is not fuzzy but possibility, because the possibility function is as same as the likelihood function, and we can obtain the possibility measure by the maximal likelihood method (i.e. max product method proposed by Dr. Hideo Tanaka). Therefore, Fuzzy is regarded as the only one case according to Vague, which has both some state of nature in this world and another state of nature in the other world. Here, we can consider that Type 1 Vague Event in other world can be obtained by mapping and translating from Type 1 fuzzy Event in this world. We named this estimation as Type 1 Bayes-Fuzzy Estimation. When the Vague Events were abnormal (ex. under War), we need to consider that another world could exist around other world. In this case, we call it Type 2 Bayes-Fuzzy Estimation. Where Hori et al. constructed the stochastic different equation upon Type 1 Vague Events, along with the general following probabilistic introduction method from the single regression model, multi-regression model, AR model, Markov (decision) process, to the stochastic different equation. Furthermore, we showed that the system theory approach is Possibility Markov Process, and that the making decision approach is Sequential Bayes Estimation, too. After all, Type 1 Bays-Fuzzy estimation is the special case in Bayes estimation, because the pareto solutions can exist in two stochastic different equations upon Type 2 Vague Events, after we ignore one equation each other (note that this is Type 1 case), we can obtain both its system solution and its decision solution. Here, it is noted that Type 2 Vague estimation can be applied to the shallow abnormal decision problem with possibility reserved judgement. However, it is very important problem that we can have no idea for possibility reserved judgement under the deepest abnormal envelopment (ex. under War). Expect for this deepest abnormal decision problem, Bayes estimation can completely cover fuzzy estimation. In this paper, we explain our flowing study and further research object forward to this deepest abnormal decision problem.
文摘Background: Previous studies have demonstrated the plasticity of perceptual sensitivity and compensatory mechanisms of audiovisual integration (AVI) in older adults. However, the impact of perceptual training on audiovisual integrative abilities remains unclear. Methods: This study randomly assigned 40 older adults to either a training or control group. The training group underwent a five-day audiovisual perceptual program, while the control group received no training. Participants completed simultaneous judgment (SJ) and audiovisual detection tasks before and after training. Results: Findings indicated improved perceptual sensitivity to audiovisual synchrony in the training group, with AVI significantly higher post-test compared to pre-test (9.95% vs. 13.87%). No significant change was observed in the control group (9.61% vs. 10.77%). Conclusion: These results suggested that cross-modal perceptual training might be an effective candidate cognitive intervention to ease the dysfunction of unimodal sensory.
文摘Low earth orbit（LEO）satellite constellation networks have a predominance of global coverage with low propagation delays.A new spot beam judgement algorithm is presented in LEO satellite constellation.At first,judgement of central spot beam is considered.Then the judgement of outlying spot beam is achieved by two algorithms.One is 2-D space judgement algorithm and the other is 3-D space judgement algorithm.Based on these algorithms,an Iridium model implemented on OPNET with dynamic topology nodes and network layer protocols is presented and simulation results are obtained.The simulation results show that the satellite serving time has obviously increased through the method of longest visible time criterion and the equal beam width model is validated.
文摘Silence,as a type of non-verbal communication,expresses special meanings of the speakers.The core of this study is focused on the functions of silence in conversations from the famous American TV series Prison Break(Season I),in order to reveal that silence,as an important tool in human communication,has richness of meaning and complexity of use.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(79970 0 93 ) and the Subject of PLAUniversity of Science and Technology
文摘By the transformation relations between complementary judgement matrix and recip- rocal judgement matrix,this paper proposes two methods for improving the consistency of com- plementary judgement matrix and gives two simple practical iterative algorithms.These two al- gorithms are easy to implementon computer,and the modified complementary judgementmatri- ces remain most information that original matrix contains.Thus the methods supplement and develop the theory and methodology for improving consistency of complementary judgement matrix
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants 11672015,51808547,and 51808548)the Central University Basic Scientific Research Business Expenses Funded Project(Grant 3122014C014)+1 种基金the Civil Aviation University Airport Engineering Base Open Fund(Grant JCGC2019KFJJ003)Tianjin Municipal Education Commission Scientific Research Project(Grant 2019KJ124)。
文摘The unified hardening(UH)model proposed by Yao et al.(Geotechnique 2009)is the constitutive model which can consider the influence of the complex stress path and stress history on the deformation and strength of clays reasonably.Firstly,the loading-unloading criterion of material model is defined as the change law of the intersection of current yield surface and the p axis,which makes the loading-unloading in the process of hardening and softening can be unified considered in UH model.Then,the Newton-Raphson method is adopted to attain the nonlinear problems solution in the finite element method of UH model,and the semi-implicit return mapping method is adopted to update stress.The application of the UH model in the finite element is realized.And then,the analyses of triaxial test are performed using the unit prediction and finite element method.The results of the unit prediction method are compared with the experimental results to illustrate the rationality of the UH model.Comparing the results with the unit prediction method and the finite element method,the correctness of the finite element program of the UH model is iUusttated.Further,Ae three-dimensional firdte element andysis of embankment on soft soil is performed by the program.The comparison between the results calculated by the UH model and the modified Cam-clay(MCC)model and the experimental data shows that the UH model is rational in analyzing the actual embankment engineering on soft soil.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (705250047047103570121001).
文摘The weighted arithmetical mean complex judgement matrix （WAMCJM） is the most common method for aggregating group opinions, but it has a shortcoming, namely the WAMCJM of the perfectly consistent judgement matrices given by experts canot guarantee its perfect consistency. An upper bound of the WAMCJM＇s consistency is presented. Simultaneously, a compatibility index of judging the aggregating extent of group opinions is also introduced. The WAMCJM is of acceptable consistency and is proved provided the compatibilities of all judgement matrices given by experts are smaller than the threshold value of acceptable consistency. These conclusions are important to group decision making.
文摘Using score function in a matrix game is very rare. In the proposed paper we have considered a matrix game with pay-off as triangular intuitionistic fuzzy number and a new ranking order has been proposed using value judgement index, available definitions and operations. A new concept of score function has been developed to defuzzify the pay-off matrix and solution of the matrix game has been obtained. A numerical example has been given in support of the proposed method.
文摘he Grey system theory -was applied in reliability analysis of mechanical equip-ment. It is a new theory and method in reliability engineering of mechanical engineering of mechanical equipment. Through the Grey forecast of reliability parameters and the reliability forecast of parts and systems, decisions were made in the real operative state of e-quipment in real time. It replaced the old method that required mathematics and physical statistics in a large base of test data to obtain a pre-check , and it was used in a practical problem. Because of applying the data of practical operation state in real time, it could much more approach the real condition of equipment; it-was applied to guide the procedure and had rather considerable economic and social benefits.
文摘The appraisement of "the green level" for a green product is a problem that has to deal with multi aspects and multi stratification. According to the property of the items that affect "the green level" of the product, they can be divided into aspects, elements and factors. These make appreciable grades. Multi level fuzzy judgement can solve the appraisement problem that considers the influences of design, manufacture, use and recovery in all life cycle or multi life cycle of a product. In the judging process it not only deals with the action of all factors, but also continues to have all messages in grade judgement. The power coefficients stand out as the main items. An example is given to show the judgement process.
文摘The paper discusses the use of five hydrochemical indexes in evaluating seawater intrusion, and ranking the intrusion degree for Cl -, M, Br -, rHCO 3/rCl and SAR. The fuzzy mathematical comprehensive judgement model has been adopted as the method of adjustment. Based on more than 300 water samples obtained from four typical profiles in the coastal region of Laizhou Gulf during the period from June 1993 to June 1995, we made a comprehensive judgement of seawater intrusion degree. The result shows that intrusion degree was becoming heavier from June 1993 to June 1994, but more steady and inactive in the high level of intrusion degree in the perennial severe intrusion zone from December 1994 to June 1995. Since entering the 1990s up to now, the process of seawater intrusion has translated from its peak developmental stage from the 1970s to the 1980s into a stage of equilibrium and slow development mainly because the intruded area expanded inland, precipitation increased at some extent recently and various measures of prevention and harness begin to show the effect.
文摘Computer Art (CA) is a very important field in computer applications. Based on the analysis and summarization of the painting process, a new method of CA creation using the techniques of com- puter graphics and the expert system is presented in this paper. The reduction of pattern model, simu- lation of special effect, representation of aesthetics knowledge and fuzzy judgement of beauty are includ- ed by this new method.
文摘The appraisement of "the green level" for a green p ro duct is a problem that has to deal with multi-aspect and multi-stratification. According to the property of the items that affect "the green level" of the pro duct, they can be divided into aspects, elements and factors. These make appreci able grades. The multi-level fuzzy judgement can solve the appraisement problem that considers the influences of design, manufacture, use and recovery in all- life cycle or multi-life cycle of product. In the judging process it is not onl y deal with the action of all factors, but also continue to have all messages in grade judgement. The power coefficients stand out as the main items. An example is given to show the judgement process.
文摘In commanding decision-making, the commander usually needs to know a lot of situations（intelligence） on the adversary. Because of the military intelligence with opposability, it is inevitable that intelligence personnel take some deceptive information released by the rival as intelligence data in the process of intelligence gathering. Since the failure of intelligence is likely to lead to a serious aftereffect, the recognition of intelligence is a very important problem. An elementary research on recognizing military intelligence and puts forward a systematic processing method are made. First, the types and characteristics of military intelligence are briefly discussed, a research thought of recognizing military intelligence by means of recognizing military hypotheses are presented. Next, the reasoning mode and framework for recognizing military hypotheses are presented from the angle of psychology of intelligence analysis and non-monotonic reasoning. Then, a model for recognizing military hypothesis is built on the basis of fuzzy judgement information given by intelligence analysts. A calculative example shows that the model has the characteristics of simple calculation and good maneuverability. Last, the methods that selecting the most likely hypothesis from the survival hypotheses via final recognition are discussed.
