The technical viability for utilizing Jebel Kurun phosphate reserve in Sudan for the production of a fertilizer grade phosphoric acid is assessed. Statistical analysis has been carried for 56 samples. Phosphate rock h...The technical viability for utilizing Jebel Kurun phosphate reserve in Sudan for the production of a fertilizer grade phosphoric acid is assessed. Statistical analysis has been carried for 56 samples. Phosphate rock has been classified into three main types and then the number of samples representing each type has been identified. Average values for phosphorus pentoxide is 19% and for uranium is 81.47 ppm. The most abundant elements are silicon, aluminum, phosphorus, calcium and iron. Aluminophosphate ore (CaO% ≤ 12%, Al2O3% ≥ 20%, P2O5% ≥ 18%) is represented by 55.36% of sampled phosphate rock. This type can be used to produce phosphoric acid when P2O5 > 30%. Apatite rock including aluminophosphate CaO% ≥ 25%, Al2O3% ≤ 10%, P2O5% ≥ 20%, 12% ≤ SiO2 ≤ 35% is represented by 1.79% of sampled phosphate rock, this type can be used to produce phosphoric acid when it can meet the requirements of (CaO% ≥ 30%, Al2O3% ≤ 7%, P2O5% ≥ 25%, SiO2% ≤ 30%). Silica ore including phosphorus (SiO2% ≥ 40%, P2O5% ≤ 10%) is represented by 16.07% of sampled phosphate rock and Iron ore including phosphorus (Fe2O3% ≥ 20%, P2O5% ≤ 10%) is represented by 5.36% of samples. Both types cannot be used to produce phosphoric acid. The statistical distribution of P2O5 in the size fractions for a core drilled samples is required.展开更多
1 Introduction Scientific study of the geology and mineral resources in Sudan is rather limited.Jebel Dumbier is the first identified carbonatite-bearing alkaline complex in Sudanby El Sharkawi&El Raba’a in 1973....1 Introduction Scientific study of the geology and mineral resources in Sudan is rather limited.Jebel Dumbier is the first identified carbonatite-bearing alkaline complex in Sudanby El Sharkawi&El Raba’a in 1973.It is located in Northern Kordofan Province on the northeastern margin of the Nuba Mountains.The complex exposed as small展开更多
In this study, the authors were interested to the evaluation of biodiversity in the Jebel Tessala. Ten stations were selected based on altitudinal gradient, inside each station, identified flora has been conducted and...In this study, the authors were interested to the evaluation of biodiversity in the Jebel Tessala. Ten stations were selected based on altitudinal gradient, inside each station, identified flora has been conducted and a soil sample was taken from. A floristic inventory was carried out from all stations characterizing habitat of our studied taxon which is Rhamnus alaternus L. The authors established a list of plants represented by 94 species, distributed in 46 botanical families that are dominated by Asteraceae. The biological spectrum of these species reveals the dominance of hemicryptophytes and therophytes. The biogeographical element which predominates the vegetation is the Mediterranean-type. Statistical processing PCA （principal component analysis） from the pedological analysis of the examined stations reveals the formation of three groups defining a set of station that are marked by the presence of some components of the soil. Data processing obtained by FCA （factorial correspondence analysis） and the ascending hierarchical classification had underscored the existence of two groups of strata according to the soil substrate.展开更多
Jebel Abd Al Aziz是叙利亚东北部地形特征最为突出的地区,是一个大的地表背斜。从1988年至1995年,Unocal公司进行的一项构造和地层综合研究认为,Jebel Abd Aziz背斜是由原先的一个地堑反转而成。了解Jebel Abd Al Aziz地区复杂的地层...Jebel Abd Al Aziz是叙利亚东北部地形特征最为突出的地区,是一个大的地表背斜。从1988年至1995年,Unocal公司进行的一项构造和地层综合研究认为,Jebel Abd Aziz背斜是由原先的一个地堑反转而成。了解Jebel Abd Al Aziz地区复杂的地层构造历史。对阿拉伯构造板块北部的油气勘探开发具有重要的意义。产油气区与上新世～更新世构造反转地区的关系相当密切就说明了它的重要性。 本文对记录在该区地层里的构造演化情况进行了阐述。在Jebel Abd Al Aziz构造发展以前,Senonian(kz)陆棚碳酸盐沉积由土耳其向南前积至沿叙利亚中西部至东北部延伸的Palmyride—Sinjar断槽。碳酸盐层系的陆棚边缘位于叙利亚边介的南部并与边介近似平行。在Jebel Abd Al Aziz地区,细粒的盆地相泥岩沉积在一套海侵的薄层厚壳蛤生物碎屑岩之上。早Masstrichtian期(k_2),一个东西向地堑在现今的Jebel Abd Al Aziz位置上发展起来。地堑内部的一些构造断块受再次活动的北西走向和北东走向断层所限。地震资料表明,该裂谷盆地边缘剥蚀较深。沿着区域上老横切断层的走向而分布的盆地边侧有一些受切割的谷地,出露石炭系和较老的地层。在盆地边介的断层崖处形成了一些滑积层,河口处还发育了一些小的浊积扇。浊积砂体的古流方向资料与地震图上?展开更多
Transhumant pastoralism is an important activity in southern Morocco. Migration pattern of transhumant pastoralists can be affected by physical factors (e.g. droughts and diseases) or socioeconomic factors (e.g. schoo...Transhumant pastoralism is an important activity in southern Morocco. Migration pattern of transhumant pastoralists can be affected by physical factors (e.g. droughts and diseases) or socioeconomic factors (e.g. schooling options for children and migration costs). We studied the spatio-temporal rangeland usage of the three tribes Ait Mgoun, Ait Zekri, and Ait Toumert in the south-central Atlas region with a two-fold approach. First, we tracked the migration movements of one representative transhumant herd using the Advanced Research and Global Observation Satellite (ARGOS) collars, which record coordinates from satellite signals. Second, we interviewed herders to obtain information about general grazing practices of the respective tribe and to gain more direct information on motivations underlying decisions. For each tribe we observed small-, medium- and large-scale movements. We found that the most important drivers of migration decisions were seasonal fodder availability and weather conditions in combination with herd-specific risk and cost assessment, as well as personal factors. In conclusion, general migration patterns vary in time, both between and within the tribes, but according to a regulatory framework. Moreover, it appears that both the customary rules and its flexible adaptation to physical constraints are generally beneficial in terms of conservation of the arid and semiarid rangeland resources.展开更多
Globally, mountains encompass spectacular landscapes and a great diversity of species. However, Savannah’s mountains in Sudan have been affected by the loss of diversity due to human activities and climate changes. T...Globally, mountains encompass spectacular landscapes and a great diversity of species. However, Savannah’s mountains in Sudan have been affected by the loss of diversity due to human activities and climate changes. Therefore, this study aims to assess changes in wildlife diversity in Jebel-Eldair Nation Park (JENP) based on only reports from patrolling activities, especially in the absence of regular wildlife monitoring programs. Reports of monthly wildlife observations during patrolling trips were used for the summer season in 2010 and 2018. Findings showed a moderate to high decline in the most important wildlife species (i.e. lion, wild dog, and crest porcupine). Six others are documented as rare species in reserve, including the civet, spotted hyena, striped hyena, jackal, seraval, and Siberian bird. Contrary and despite the diversity reduction, some species witnessed increases in their observation frequency, such as lesser kudu, caracal, monitor, and lunar bird. Moreover, human settlements, agricultural activities, and other anthropogenic factors were found to be the main drivers of biodiversity reduction in JENP. The study recommends adopting this method to detect changes in wildlife communities, especially in a situation of deficiency and lack of funding to conduct regular monitoring programs.展开更多
During some tours to the high mountain region of southern Sinai, that I did in different occasions between 1979-1984, I received from different Bedouin guides some information, about geographical sites in that region....During some tours to the high mountain region of southern Sinai, that I did in different occasions between 1979-1984, I received from different Bedouin guides some information, about geographical sites in that region. Part of that information does not appear in the updated maps of southern Sinai. Therefore, I would like to bring here that geographical information. The areas to which that geographical information refers are: the mountain massif of Santa Katarina, and also the mountain massif of Jebel Bab, which is located about 8 km - 10 km WSW of the Santa Katarina village or town.展开更多
文摘The technical viability for utilizing Jebel Kurun phosphate reserve in Sudan for the production of a fertilizer grade phosphoric acid is assessed. Statistical analysis has been carried for 56 samples. Phosphate rock has been classified into three main types and then the number of samples representing each type has been identified. Average values for phosphorus pentoxide is 19% and for uranium is 81.47 ppm. The most abundant elements are silicon, aluminum, phosphorus, calcium and iron. Aluminophosphate ore (CaO% ≤ 12%, Al2O3% ≥ 20%, P2O5% ≥ 18%) is represented by 55.36% of sampled phosphate rock. This type can be used to produce phosphoric acid when P2O5 > 30%. Apatite rock including aluminophosphate CaO% ≥ 25%, Al2O3% ≤ 10%, P2O5% ≥ 20%, 12% ≤ SiO2 ≤ 35% is represented by 1.79% of sampled phosphate rock, this type can be used to produce phosphoric acid when it can meet the requirements of (CaO% ≥ 30%, Al2O3% ≤ 7%, P2O5% ≥ 25%, SiO2% ≤ 30%). Silica ore including phosphorus (SiO2% ≥ 40%, P2O5% ≤ 10%) is represented by 16.07% of sampled phosphate rock and Iron ore including phosphorus (Fe2O3% ≥ 20%, P2O5% ≤ 10%) is represented by 5.36% of samples. Both types cannot be used to produce phosphoric acid. The statistical distribution of P2O5 in the size fractions for a core drilled samples is required.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China (41502046, 41272081,41530211)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (CUG150611) are acknowledged for financial support
文摘1 Introduction Scientific study of the geology and mineral resources in Sudan is rather limited.Jebel Dumbier is the first identified carbonatite-bearing alkaline complex in Sudanby El Sharkawi&El Raba’a in 1973.It is located in Northern Kordofan Province on the northeastern margin of the Nuba Mountains.The complex exposed as small
文摘In this study, the authors were interested to the evaluation of biodiversity in the Jebel Tessala. Ten stations were selected based on altitudinal gradient, inside each station, identified flora has been conducted and a soil sample was taken from. A floristic inventory was carried out from all stations characterizing habitat of our studied taxon which is Rhamnus alaternus L. The authors established a list of plants represented by 94 species, distributed in 46 botanical families that are dominated by Asteraceae. The biological spectrum of these species reveals the dominance of hemicryptophytes and therophytes. The biogeographical element which predominates the vegetation is the Mediterranean-type. Statistical processing PCA （principal component analysis） from the pedological analysis of the examined stations reveals the formation of three groups defining a set of station that are marked by the presence of some components of the soil. Data processing obtained by FCA （factorial correspondence analysis） and the ascending hierarchical classification had underscored the existence of two groups of strata according to the soil substrate.
文摘Jebel Abd Al Aziz是叙利亚东北部地形特征最为突出的地区,是一个大的地表背斜。从1988年至1995年,Unocal公司进行的一项构造和地层综合研究认为,Jebel Abd Aziz背斜是由原先的一个地堑反转而成。了解Jebel Abd Al Aziz地区复杂的地层构造历史。对阿拉伯构造板块北部的油气勘探开发具有重要的意义。产油气区与上新世～更新世构造反转地区的关系相当密切就说明了它的重要性。 本文对记录在该区地层里的构造演化情况进行了阐述。在Jebel Abd Al Aziz构造发展以前,Senonian(kz)陆棚碳酸盐沉积由土耳其向南前积至沿叙利亚中西部至东北部延伸的Palmyride—Sinjar断槽。碳酸盐层系的陆棚边缘位于叙利亚边介的南部并与边介近似平行。在Jebel Abd Al Aziz地区,细粒的盆地相泥岩沉积在一套海侵的薄层厚壳蛤生物碎屑岩之上。早Masstrichtian期(k_2),一个东西向地堑在现今的Jebel Abd Al Aziz位置上发展起来。地堑内部的一些构造断块受再次活动的北西走向和北东走向断层所限。地震资料表明,该裂谷盆地边缘剥蚀较深。沿着区域上老横切断层的走向而分布的盆地边侧有一些受切割的谷地,出露石炭系和较老的地层。在盆地边介的断层崖处形成了一些滑积层,河口处还发育了一些小的浊积扇。浊积砂体的古流方向资料与地震图上?
基金funded by the German Federal Ministry of Research and Education (Grant no. 01 LC 0601A)
文摘Transhumant pastoralism is an important activity in southern Morocco. Migration pattern of transhumant pastoralists can be affected by physical factors (e.g. droughts and diseases) or socioeconomic factors (e.g. schooling options for children and migration costs). We studied the spatio-temporal rangeland usage of the three tribes Ait Mgoun, Ait Zekri, and Ait Toumert in the south-central Atlas region with a two-fold approach. First, we tracked the migration movements of one representative transhumant herd using the Advanced Research and Global Observation Satellite (ARGOS) collars, which record coordinates from satellite signals. Second, we interviewed herders to obtain information about general grazing practices of the respective tribe and to gain more direct information on motivations underlying decisions. For each tribe we observed small-, medium- and large-scale movements. We found that the most important drivers of migration decisions were seasonal fodder availability and weather conditions in combination with herd-specific risk and cost assessment, as well as personal factors. In conclusion, general migration patterns vary in time, both between and within the tribes, but according to a regulatory framework. Moreover, it appears that both the customary rules and its flexible adaptation to physical constraints are generally beneficial in terms of conservation of the arid and semiarid rangeland resources.
文摘Globally, mountains encompass spectacular landscapes and a great diversity of species. However, Savannah’s mountains in Sudan have been affected by the loss of diversity due to human activities and climate changes. Therefore, this study aims to assess changes in wildlife diversity in Jebel-Eldair Nation Park (JENP) based on only reports from patrolling activities, especially in the absence of regular wildlife monitoring programs. Reports of monthly wildlife observations during patrolling trips were used for the summer season in 2010 and 2018. Findings showed a moderate to high decline in the most important wildlife species (i.e. lion, wild dog, and crest porcupine). Six others are documented as rare species in reserve, including the civet, spotted hyena, striped hyena, jackal, seraval, and Siberian bird. Contrary and despite the diversity reduction, some species witnessed increases in their observation frequency, such as lesser kudu, caracal, monitor, and lunar bird. Moreover, human settlements, agricultural activities, and other anthropogenic factors were found to be the main drivers of biodiversity reduction in JENP. The study recommends adopting this method to detect changes in wildlife communities, especially in a situation of deficiency and lack of funding to conduct regular monitoring programs.
文摘During some tours to the high mountain region of southern Sinai, that I did in different occasions between 1979-1984, I received from different Bedouin guides some information, about geographical sites in that region. Part of that information does not appear in the updated maps of southern Sinai. Therefore, I would like to bring here that geographical information. The areas to which that geographical information refers are: the mountain massif of Santa Katarina, and also the mountain massif of Jebel Bab, which is located about 8 km - 10 km WSW of the Santa Katarina village or town.
