The endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp.SPH2 was isolated from the stems of the endemic plant Bethencourtia palmensis and its extracts were found to have strong fungicidal effects against Botrytis cinerea and ixodicidal ...The endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp.SPH2 was isolated from the stems of the endemic plant Bethencourtia palmensis and its extracts were found to have strong fungicidal effects against Botrytis cinerea and ixodicidal effects against Hya-lomma lusitanicum at different fermentation times.In this study,the fungus was grown using three different culture media and two methodologies,Microparticulate Enhancement Cultivation(MPEC)and Semi-Solid-State Fermentation(Semi-SSF),to increase the production of secondary metabolites during submerged fermentation.The addition of an inert support to the culture medium(Semi-SSF)resulted in a significant increase in the extract production.However,when talcum powder was added to different culture media,unexpected results were observed,with a decrease in the production of the biocompounds of interest.Metabolomic analyses showed that the production of aspergillic,neoaspergillic,and neohydroxyaspergillic acids peaked in the first few days of fermentation,with notable differences observed among the methodologies and culture media.Mellein production was particularly affected by the addition of an inert support to the culture medium.These results highlight the importance of surface properties and morphology of spores and mycelia during fermentation by this fungal species.展开更多
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the ixodicide efficacy of the experimental compound 712-BF-016 against Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus ticks in vitro and in cattle. The in vitro efficacy was initially...The aim of the present study was to evaluate the ixodicide efficacy of the experimental compound 712-BF-016 against Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus ticks in vitro and in cattle. The in vitro efficacy was initially tested against R. Boophilus microplus larvae using the Larval Packet Test (LPT). In a 2nd study the ixodicide efficacy was tested against adult ticks using the Adult Inmersion Test (AIT). Finally, a field test with the compound was carried out using 24 steers experimentally infested with R. (Boophilus) microplus ticks which were divided into 4 groups of 6 animals each for treatment. Groups 1 and 2 received the experimental compound at concentrations of 16% and 20%, respectively, which were applied as an aspersion in a total volume of 4 liters/animal. Group 3 was equally treated but with a commercial ixodicide containing cipermethrin at a 16% concentration. Group 4 served as untreated control. The efficacy was measured on days 1, 2, 3 after treatment as the percentage of ticks present from the treated groups, relative to the ticks present in the untreated control. The results indicated a percentage mortality of 93.21% for LPT and 98.02% for AIT. The efficacy produced in cattle was 61.78%, 76.43% and 85.34% for groups 1, 2 y 3, respectively. It is concluded that there was no concordance between the results obtained in vitro with those found in cattle. Possibly the excipient used for the formulation of the experimental compound was not suitable and had some influence on the results.展开更多
Carbamates are molecules that have different types of biological activities and provide a particular chemical control against ticks. The new structures of the proposed compounds were optimized and synthetized respecti...Carbamates are molecules that have different types of biological activities and provide a particular chemical control against ticks. The new structures of the proposed compounds were optimized and synthetized respectively, through a molecular model using the methods:PM3, HF and DFT applying the B3LYP functional, with the basis 6-31+G(d) and 6-311+G(d,p), BVP86 and PBEPBE with 6-31+G(d) and the vibrational frequencies computed. These calculated frequencies were compared with the experimental ones to determine the most accurate level of theory for the prediction of vibrational frequencies of the compounds. The best results were obtained through HF/631+G(d). Additionally, we report a modification to obtain this type of compounds, and based on the amino-dehalogenation of ethyl chloroformate, different benzyl ethyl carbamates were synthesized modifying the base molecule. The performances obtained were compared to others already reported. The methodology used allowed us to synthesize new carbamates using benzylamine derivatives through a modification on the basic catalysis of the addition-elimination reaction.展开更多
基金supported by a grant MINISTERO DE ECONOMÍA Y COM-PETITIVIDAD,PID2019-106222RB-C31/SRA(State Research Agency,10.13039/501100011033)ERASMUS+Scholarship granted to Nicolas Reyes Castillo.
文摘The endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp.SPH2 was isolated from the stems of the endemic plant Bethencourtia palmensis and its extracts were found to have strong fungicidal effects against Botrytis cinerea and ixodicidal effects against Hya-lomma lusitanicum at different fermentation times.In this study,the fungus was grown using three different culture media and two methodologies,Microparticulate Enhancement Cultivation(MPEC)and Semi-Solid-State Fermentation(Semi-SSF),to increase the production of secondary metabolites during submerged fermentation.The addition of an inert support to the culture medium(Semi-SSF)resulted in a significant increase in the extract production.However,when talcum powder was added to different culture media,unexpected results were observed,with a decrease in the production of the biocompounds of interest.Metabolomic analyses showed that the production of aspergillic,neoaspergillic,and neohydroxyaspergillic acids peaked in the first few days of fermentation,with notable differences observed among the methodologies and culture media.Mellein production was particularly affected by the addition of an inert support to the culture medium.These results highlight the importance of surface properties and morphology of spores and mycelia during fermentation by this fungal species.
文摘The aim of the present study was to evaluate the ixodicide efficacy of the experimental compound 712-BF-016 against Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus ticks in vitro and in cattle. The in vitro efficacy was initially tested against R. Boophilus microplus larvae using the Larval Packet Test (LPT). In a 2nd study the ixodicide efficacy was tested against adult ticks using the Adult Inmersion Test (AIT). Finally, a field test with the compound was carried out using 24 steers experimentally infested with R. (Boophilus) microplus ticks which were divided into 4 groups of 6 animals each for treatment. Groups 1 and 2 received the experimental compound at concentrations of 16% and 20%, respectively, which were applied as an aspersion in a total volume of 4 liters/animal. Group 3 was equally treated but with a commercial ixodicide containing cipermethrin at a 16% concentration. Group 4 served as untreated control. The efficacy was measured on days 1, 2, 3 after treatment as the percentage of ticks present from the treated groups, relative to the ticks present in the untreated control. The results indicated a percentage mortality of 93.21% for LPT and 98.02% for AIT. The efficacy produced in cattle was 61.78%, 76.43% and 85.34% for groups 1, 2 y 3, respectively. It is concluded that there was no concordance between the results obtained in vitro with those found in cattle. Possibly the excipient used for the formulation of the experimental compound was not suitable and had some influence on the results.
基金Proyect:PAPIIT IT200817PAPIIT No 202015Catedra PIAPI1607:Diseno de moleculas bioativas.
文摘Carbamates are molecules that have different types of biological activities and provide a particular chemical control against ticks. The new structures of the proposed compounds were optimized and synthetized respectively, through a molecular model using the methods:PM3, HF and DFT applying the B3LYP functional, with the basis 6-31+G(d) and 6-311+G(d,p), BVP86 and PBEPBE with 6-31+G(d) and the vibrational frequencies computed. These calculated frequencies were compared with the experimental ones to determine the most accurate level of theory for the prediction of vibrational frequencies of the compounds. The best results were obtained through HF/631+G(d). Additionally, we report a modification to obtain this type of compounds, and based on the amino-dehalogenation of ethyl chloroformate, different benzyl ethyl carbamates were synthesized modifying the base molecule. The performances obtained were compared to others already reported. The methodology used allowed us to synthesize new carbamates using benzylamine derivatives through a modification on the basic catalysis of the addition-elimination reaction.
