5-Iodouracil derivatives have interesting biological activities and can serve as important substrates for the metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions to introduce alkyl, alkenyl, and alkynyl groups to the C-5 positio...5-Iodouracil derivatives have interesting biological activities and can serve as important substrates for the metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions to introduce alkyl, alkenyl, and alkynyl groups to the C-5 position of uracil derivatives. In order to find a good method to iodinate directly the C-5 of uracil derivatives, we investigated three methods, which included iodine/lead （IV） dioxide, iodine/ammonium hexanitratocerate （CAN） and iodine chloride, and examined their reactivity to different types of uracil and thiouracil derivatives.展开更多
2,4,5-Triarylimidazoles could be obtained in excellent yields by the one-pot three-component condensation of benzil/benzoin, aldehydes and ammonium acetate in the presence of catalytic amount of the inexpensive, readi...2,4,5-Triarylimidazoles could be obtained in excellent yields by the one-pot three-component condensation of benzil/benzoin, aldehydes and ammonium acetate in the presence of catalytic amount of the inexpensive, readily available and non-toxic ceric （IV） ammonium nitrate （CAN） in aqueous media under ultrasound at room temperature. In this reaction the products were obtained in short reaction time and easy operation under mild conditions.展开更多
Functional abdominal pain disorders(FAPDs) are an important and prevalent cause of functional gastrointestinal disorders among children, encompassing the diagnoses of functional dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome, ab...Functional abdominal pain disorders(FAPDs) are an important and prevalent cause of functional gastrointestinal disorders among children, encompassing the diagnoses of functional dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome, abdominal migraine, and the one not previously present in Rome Ⅲ, functional abdominal pain not otherwise specified. In the absence of sufficiently effective and safe pharmacological treatments for this public problem, non-pharmacological therapies emerge as a viable means of treating these patients, avoiding not only possible side effects, but also unnecessary prescription, since many of the pharmacological treatments prescribed do not have good efficacy when compared to placebo. Thus, the present study provides a review of current and relevant evidence on non-pharmacological management of FAPDs, covering the most commonly indicated treatments, from cognitive behavioral therapy to meditation, acupuncture, yoga, massage, spinal manipulation, moxibustion, and physical activities. In addition, this article also analyzes the quality of publications in the area, assessing whether it is possible to state if non-pharmacological therapies are viable, safe, and sufficiently well-based for an appropriate and effective prescription of these treatments. Finally, it is possible to observe an increase not only in the number of publications on the non-pharmacological treatments for FAPDs in recent years, but also an increase in the quality of these publications. Finally, the sample selection of satisfactory age groups in these studies enables the formulation of specific guidelines for this age group, thus avoiding the need for adaptation of prescriptions initially made for adults, but for children use.展开更多
In gamma irradiated aqueous acidic uranium solutions, tetravalent uranium ions are easily oxidized while U(VI) ions remain unchanged. In general, valence change of polyvalent metallic ions during chemical reprocessing...In gamma irradiated aqueous acidic uranium solutions, tetravalent uranium ions are easily oxidized while U(VI) ions remain unchanged. In general, valence change of polyvalent metallic ions during chemical reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel solutions can lead to undesirable effects under the influence of the existing gamma radiations. Consequently, studies on valence stabilization of Uranium ions during chemical treatment in strong gamma irradiation fields seem to be highly interesting. It has been reported before that some organic compounds proved to be effective in stabilizing the valence of Fe(II) ions during extended gamma irradiation of their acidic solutions. In the present work, valence stabilization of Uranium ions in acidic solutions in presence of different classes of organic compounds has been studied. The results showed that in case of U(IV), methanol or formic acid are capable of providing about 80% protection while ethanol or acetaldehyde can provide about 70% protection. Propanol has the least protective effect i.e. about 54%. On using U(VI) instead of U(IV) in the irradiated solutions, the uranium ions were reduced and the formed U(IV) was protected as follows: formic acid or methanol can provide 69% or 63% protection respectively while ethanol, acetaldehyde or propanol can provide 50%, 35% and 24% respectively. In any case, protection exists as long as the organic additives were not completely consumed.展开更多
Interest in thorium stems mainly from the fact that it is expected to have a substantial increase in uranium prices. So, advanced fuel cycles which increase the reserves of nuclear materials are interesting, particula...Interest in thorium stems mainly from the fact that it is expected to have a substantial increase in uranium prices. So, advanced fuel cycles which increase the reserves of nuclear materials are interesting, particularly, the use of thorium is to produce the fissile isotope ^233U. Thorium is three to five times more abundant than uranium in the earth＇s crust. Additionally, thoria produces less radiotoxicity than the UO2, because it produces fewer amounts of actinides. ThO2 has higher corrosion resistance, besides being chemically stable, and the burning of Pu in a reactor based in thorium also decreases the inventories of Pu from the current fuel cycles. There are some ongoing projects in the world, taking into consideration the proposed goals for Generation IV reactors, namely： sustainability, economics, safety and reliability, proliferation resistance and physical protection. Some developments on the use of thorium in reactors are underway, with the support of the IAEA （International Atomic Energy Agency） and some govern like molten salt reactor. In this paper, we discuss the future importance of thorium, particularly for Brazil, which has large mineral reserves of this strategic element, the characteristics of the molten salt reactor and the experience of the IPEN （Instituto de Pesquisas Energ6ticas e Nucleares） in the purification of thorium compounds.展开更多
Reactions of o-phenylenediamine derivatives(L_(3)H_(2))incorporating a(Ph)(Py)(H)C–N(H)–function with the oxidovanadium(IV)and oxidomolybdenum(VI)ions afford amide complexes of types[V^(IV)O(L_(3)^(2−))](3),[V^(IV)O...Reactions of o-phenylenediamine derivatives(L_(3)H_(2))incorporating a(Ph)(Py)(H)C–N(H)–function with the oxidovanadium(IV)and oxidomolybdenum(VI)ions afford amide complexes of types[V^(IV)O(L_(3)^(2−))](3),[V^(IV)O-(L_(3)^(t-Bu 2−))](4)and cis-[Mo^(VI)O_(2)(L_(3)^(2−))](5)(L_(3)H_(2)=((E)-2-(((2-((phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methyl)amino)phenyl)-imino)methyl)phenol).展开更多
目的描述广东地区法布雷病患者基因型情况,对比IVS4+919G>A突变患者与非IVS4+919G>A突变患者的地域分布和临床表型差异。方法回顾性收集2022年3月1日至2025年12月31日本中心(中山大学附属第一医院)47例(IVS4+919G>A突变患者12...目的描述广东地区法布雷病患者基因型情况,对比IVS4+919G>A突变患者与非IVS4+919G>A突变患者的地域分布和临床表型差异。方法回顾性收集2022年3月1日至2025年12月31日本中心(中山大学附属第一医院)47例(IVS4+919G>A突变患者12例)已出现器官受累的法布雷病患者的相关资料,分析总体、IVS4+919G>A突变和非IVS4+919G>A突变患者的地域分布和临床表现特点。结果IVS4+919G>A突变在本中心为最常见突变(25.5%)。本中心的该突变患者有半数(50%)分布在粤东地区,起病中位年龄显著高于非IVS4+919G>A突变组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。IVS4+919G>A突变患者中出现心脏受累11例(91.7%),神经系统受累2例(16.7%),美因茨严重程度评分指数(Mainz severity score index,MSSI)评分有高于非IVS4+919G>A突变组的趋势(P=0.051);MSSI总体评分和神经评分低于非IVS4+919G>A突变组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。相较非IVS4+919G>A突变患者,IVS4+919G>A突变患者的心率更低、心肌肌钙蛋白浓度更高,超声提示其左心房更大、室间隔与左心室后壁更厚、二尖瓣舒张早期充盈峰速度E峰和二尖瓣舒张晚期充盈峰速度A峰比值(ratio of early diastolic transmitral inflow E-peak velocity to late diastolic mitral annulus A-peakvelocity,E/A)更低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论IVS4+919G>A突变患者在本中心为最常见突变。本中心的该突变患者有半数分布在粤东地区,其表型以迟发型和心脏受累为主,神经系统受累较少,心肌肥厚、舒张功能下降和心肌损伤情况较其他突变群体更严重。展开更多
The complexes (PhCH2)2Sn(MBT)2 (2) and (PhCH2)3Sn(MBT) (3) (HMBT: 2-mercaptobenzothiazole) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, and IR, 1H, 13C, 119Sn NMR spectrometries and X-ray diffraction...The complexes (PhCH2)2Sn(MBT)2 (2) and (PhCH2)3Sn(MBT) (3) (HMBT: 2-mercaptobenzothiazole) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, and IR, 1H, 13C, 119Sn NMR spectrometries and X-ray diffraction. Studies on the crystal structures of 2 and 3 show that HMBT acts as bidentate ligand through chelation of N and S atoms. Complex 2 contains a six-coordinate tin atom with the axial angle C(15)-Sn(1)-C(22) 129.6(2). And the tin environment of complex 3 is a distorted cis-trigonal bipyramid with C(8)-Sn(1)-N(1) 158.80.展开更多
This study was aimed to prepare landslide susceptibility maps for the Pithoragarh district in Uttarakhand,India,using advanced ensemble models that combined Radial Basis Function Networks(RBFN)with three ensemble lear...This study was aimed to prepare landslide susceptibility maps for the Pithoragarh district in Uttarakhand,India,using advanced ensemble models that combined Radial Basis Function Networks(RBFN)with three ensemble learning techniques:DAGGING(DG),MULTIBOOST(MB),and ADABOOST(AB).This combination resulted in three distinct ensemble models:DG-RBFN,MB-RBFN,and AB-RBFN.Additionally,a traditional weighted method,Information Value(IV),and a benchmark machine learning(ML)model,Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network(MLP),were employed for comparison and validation.The models were developed using ten landslide conditioning factors,which included slope,aspect,elevation,curvature,land cover,geomorphology,overburden depth,lithology,distance to rivers and distance to roads.These factors were instrumental in predicting the output variable,which was the probability of landslide occurrence.Statistical analysis of the models’performance indicated that the DG-RBFN model,with an Area Under ROC Curve(AUC)of 0.931,outperformed the other models.The AB-RBFN model achieved an AUC of 0.929,the MB-RBFN model had an AUC of 0.913,and the MLP model recorded an AUC of 0.926.These results suggest that the advanced ensemble ML model DG-RBFN was more accurate than traditional statistical model,single MLP model,and other ensemble models in preparing trustworthy landslide susceptibility maps,thereby enhancing land use planning and decision-making.展开更多
Fenton and Fenton-like processes,which could produce highly reactive species to degrade organic contaminants,have been widely used in the field of wastewater treatment.Therein,the chemistry of Fenton process including...Fenton and Fenton-like processes,which could produce highly reactive species to degrade organic contaminants,have been widely used in the field of wastewater treatment.Therein,the chemistry of Fenton process including the nature of active oxidants,the complicated reactions involved,and the behind reason for its strongly pH-dependent performance,is the basis for the application of Fenton and Fenton-like processes in wastewater treatment.Nevertheless,the conflicting views still exist about the mechanism of the Fenton process.For instance,reaching a unanimous consensus on the nature of active oxidants(hydroxyl radical or tetravalent iron)in this process remains challenging.This review comprehensively examined the mechanism of the Fenton process including the debate on the nature of active oxidants,reactions involved in the Fenton process,and the behind reason for the pH-dependent degradation of contaminants in the Fenton process.Then,we summarized several strategies that promote the Fe(Ⅱ)/Fe(Ⅲ)cycle,reduce the competitive consumption of active oxidants by side reactions,and replace the Fenton reagent,thus improving the performance of the Fenton process.Furthermore,advances for the future were proposed including the demand for the high-accuracy identification of active oxidants and taking advantages of the characteristic of target contaminants during the degradation of contaminants by the Fenton process.展开更多
Treatment of precious metals in electronic waste has attracted tremendous attention and is essential for both environmental protection and resource sustainable development.In this study,a novel adsorbent for precious ...Treatment of precious metals in electronic waste has attracted tremendous attention and is essential for both environmental protection and resource sustainable development.In this study,a novel adsorbent for precious metal ions,V_(2)O_(3)spiny hollow nanospheres(pV_(2)O_(3)SHN),was synthe sized through a one-step hydrothermal-as sis ted methodology for the adsorption of Au(Ⅲ),Ag(Ⅰ),Pd(Ⅱ),and Pt(Ⅳ) from the leaching solution of electronic waste.The results reveal that the p-V2O3SHN hierarchy was successfully constructed with a hollow structure and dense spiny morphology.The prepared p-V2O3SHN can effectively remove precious metal ions such as Au(Ⅲ),Ag(Ⅰ),Pd(Ⅱ),and Pt(Ⅳ),with the selective capture order being Au(Ⅲ)> Ag(Ⅰ)> Pt(Ⅳ)> Pd(Ⅱ)> other metal ions.This superior adsorption capability can be attributed to the multi-diffusible,intermingled composition,and numerous active sites decorating the p-V2O3SHN hierarchy,facilitating the uptake of Au(Ⅲ),Ag(Ⅰ),Pd(Ⅱ),and Pt(Ⅳ) ions from electronic waste.The Langmuir model provided a better fit for the uptake process,revealing maximum uptake capacities of 833.33 mg/g for Au(Ⅲ),370.37 mg/g for Ag(Ⅰ),42.01 mg/g for Pd(Ⅱ),and 77.51 mg/g for Pt(Ⅳ) on p-V_(2)O_(3)SHN.Remarkably,p-V_(2)O_(3)SHN exhibited a robust affinity for the adsorbate due to the presence of surface defects and reduction reactions.The new p-V2O3SHN also demonstrated good reusability for three sorption cycles,highlighting its potential for electronic waste treatment.Due to its facile synthesis and excellent efficiency,hierarchical p-V2O3SHN presents itself as a promising candidate for the selective uptake of Au(Ⅲ),Ag(Ⅰ),Pt(Ⅳ),and Pd(Ⅱ) from electronic waste.展开更多
BACKGROUND Disorders of gut-brain interaction(DGBI)are common,but knowledge about their physiopathology is still poor,nor valid tools have been used to evaluate them in childhood.AIM To develop a psycho-gastroenterolo...BACKGROUND Disorders of gut-brain interaction(DGBI)are common,but knowledge about their physiopathology is still poor,nor valid tools have been used to evaluate them in childhood.AIM To develop a psycho-gastroenterological questionnaire(PGQ)to assess the psycho-gastroenterological profile and social characteristics of a pediatric population with and without DGBI.METHODS One hundred and nineteen Italian children(age 11-18)were included:28 outpatient patients with DGBI(Rome IV criteria)and 91 healthy controls.They filled the PGQ,faces pain scale revised(FPS-R),Bristol stool chart,ga-strointestinal symptoms rating scale,state-trait anxiety inventory,Toronto alexithymia scale 20,perceived self-efficacy in the management of negative emotions and expression of positive emotions(APEN-G,APEP-G),irritable bowel syndrome-quality of life questionnaire,school performances,tobacco use,early life events,degree of digital-ization.RESULTS Compared to controls,patients had more medical examinations(35%of them went to the doctor more than five times),a higher school performance(23%vs 13%,P<0.05),didn’t use tobacco(never vs 16%,P<0.05),had early life events(28%vs 1%P<0.05)and a higher percentage of pain classified as 4 in the FPS-R during the examination(14%vs 7%,P<0.05).CONCLUSION Pediatric outpatients with DGBI had a higher prevalence of early life events,a lower quality of life,more medical examinations rising health care costs,lower anxiety levels.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.2017200720672008).
文摘5-Iodouracil derivatives have interesting biological activities and can serve as important substrates for the metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions to introduce alkyl, alkenyl, and alkynyl groups to the C-5 position of uracil derivatives. In order to find a good method to iodinate directly the C-5 of uracil derivatives, we investigated three methods, which included iodine/lead （IV） dioxide, iodine/ammonium hexanitratocerate （CAN） and iodine chloride, and examined their reactivity to different types of uracil and thiouracil derivatives.
文摘2,4,5-Triarylimidazoles could be obtained in excellent yields by the one-pot three-component condensation of benzil/benzoin, aldehydes and ammonium acetate in the presence of catalytic amount of the inexpensive, readily available and non-toxic ceric （IV） ammonium nitrate （CAN） in aqueous media under ultrasound at room temperature. In this reaction the products were obtained in short reaction time and easy operation under mild conditions.
文摘Functional abdominal pain disorders(FAPDs) are an important and prevalent cause of functional gastrointestinal disorders among children, encompassing the diagnoses of functional dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome, abdominal migraine, and the one not previously present in Rome Ⅲ, functional abdominal pain not otherwise specified. In the absence of sufficiently effective and safe pharmacological treatments for this public problem, non-pharmacological therapies emerge as a viable means of treating these patients, avoiding not only possible side effects, but also unnecessary prescription, since many of the pharmacological treatments prescribed do not have good efficacy when compared to placebo. Thus, the present study provides a review of current and relevant evidence on non-pharmacological management of FAPDs, covering the most commonly indicated treatments, from cognitive behavioral therapy to meditation, acupuncture, yoga, massage, spinal manipulation, moxibustion, and physical activities. In addition, this article also analyzes the quality of publications in the area, assessing whether it is possible to state if non-pharmacological therapies are viable, safe, and sufficiently well-based for an appropriate and effective prescription of these treatments. Finally, it is possible to observe an increase not only in the number of publications on the non-pharmacological treatments for FAPDs in recent years, but also an increase in the quality of these publications. Finally, the sample selection of satisfactory age groups in these studies enables the formulation of specific guidelines for this age group, thus avoiding the need for adaptation of prescriptions initially made for adults, but for children use.
文摘In gamma irradiated aqueous acidic uranium solutions, tetravalent uranium ions are easily oxidized while U(VI) ions remain unchanged. In general, valence change of polyvalent metallic ions during chemical reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel solutions can lead to undesirable effects under the influence of the existing gamma radiations. Consequently, studies on valence stabilization of Uranium ions during chemical treatment in strong gamma irradiation fields seem to be highly interesting. It has been reported before that some organic compounds proved to be effective in stabilizing the valence of Fe(II) ions during extended gamma irradiation of their acidic solutions. In the present work, valence stabilization of Uranium ions in acidic solutions in presence of different classes of organic compounds has been studied. The results showed that in case of U(IV), methanol or formic acid are capable of providing about 80% protection while ethanol or acetaldehyde can provide about 70% protection. Propanol has the least protective effect i.e. about 54%. On using U(VI) instead of U(IV) in the irradiated solutions, the uranium ions were reduced and the formed U(IV) was protected as follows: formic acid or methanol can provide 69% or 63% protection respectively while ethanol, acetaldehyde or propanol can provide 50%, 35% and 24% respectively. In any case, protection exists as long as the organic additives were not completely consumed.
文摘Interest in thorium stems mainly from the fact that it is expected to have a substantial increase in uranium prices. So, advanced fuel cycles which increase the reserves of nuclear materials are interesting, particularly, the use of thorium is to produce the fissile isotope ^233U. Thorium is three to five times more abundant than uranium in the earth＇s crust. Additionally, thoria produces less radiotoxicity than the UO2, because it produces fewer amounts of actinides. ThO2 has higher corrosion resistance, besides being chemically stable, and the burning of Pu in a reactor based in thorium also decreases the inventories of Pu from the current fuel cycles. There are some ongoing projects in the world, taking into consideration the proposed goals for Generation IV reactors, namely： sustainability, economics, safety and reliability, proliferation resistance and physical protection. Some developments on the use of thorium in reactors are underway, with the support of the IAEA （International Atomic Energy Agency） and some govern like molten salt reactor. In this paper, we discuss the future importance of thorium, particularly for Brazil, which has large mineral reserves of this strategic element, the characteristics of the molten salt reactor and the experience of the IPEN （Instituto de Pesquisas Energ6ticas e Nucleares） in the purification of thorium compounds.
基金support received from DST(SR/S1/IC/0026/2012)CSIR(01/2699/12-EMR-II)New Delhi+1 种基金India is gratefully acknowledged.SB(CSIR no.8/531(0006)/2012-EMR-I)MKB(CSIR no.8/531(0007)/2012-EMR-I)are thankful to CSIR,New Delhi,India,for fellowships.
文摘Reactions of o-phenylenediamine derivatives(L_(3)H_(2))incorporating a(Ph)(Py)(H)C–N(H)–function with the oxidovanadium(IV)and oxidomolybdenum(VI)ions afford amide complexes of types[V^(IV)O(L_(3)^(2−))](3),[V^(IV)O-(L_(3)^(t-Bu 2−))](4)and cis-[Mo^(VI)O_(2)(L_(3)^(2−))](5)(L_(3)H_(2)=((E)-2-(((2-((phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methyl)amino)phenyl)-imino)methyl)phenol).
文摘目的描述广东地区法布雷病患者基因型情况,对比IVS4+919G>A突变患者与非IVS4+919G>A突变患者的地域分布和临床表型差异。方法回顾性收集2022年3月1日至2025年12月31日本中心(中山大学附属第一医院)47例(IVS4+919G>A突变患者12例)已出现器官受累的法布雷病患者的相关资料,分析总体、IVS4+919G>A突变和非IVS4+919G>A突变患者的地域分布和临床表现特点。结果IVS4+919G>A突变在本中心为最常见突变(25.5%)。本中心的该突变患者有半数(50%)分布在粤东地区,起病中位年龄显著高于非IVS4+919G>A突变组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。IVS4+919G>A突变患者中出现心脏受累11例(91.7%),神经系统受累2例(16.7%),美因茨严重程度评分指数(Mainz severity score index,MSSI)评分有高于非IVS4+919G>A突变组的趋势(P=0.051);MSSI总体评分和神经评分低于非IVS4+919G>A突变组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。相较非IVS4+919G>A突变患者,IVS4+919G>A突变患者的心率更低、心肌肌钙蛋白浓度更高,超声提示其左心房更大、室间隔与左心室后壁更厚、二尖瓣舒张早期充盈峰速度E峰和二尖瓣舒张晚期充盈峰速度A峰比值(ratio of early diastolic transmitral inflow E-peak velocity to late diastolic mitral annulus A-peakvelocity,E/A)更低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论IVS4+919G>A突变患者在本中心为最常见突变。本中心的该突变患者有半数分布在粤东地区,其表型以迟发型和心脏受累为主,神经系统受累较少,心肌肥厚、舒张功能下降和心肌损伤情况较其他突变群体更严重。
基金Project supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shangdong Province.
文摘The complexes (PhCH2)2Sn(MBT)2 (2) and (PhCH2)3Sn(MBT) (3) (HMBT: 2-mercaptobenzothiazole) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, and IR, 1H, 13C, 119Sn NMR spectrometries and X-ray diffraction. Studies on the crystal structures of 2 and 3 show that HMBT acts as bidentate ligand through chelation of N and S atoms. Complex 2 contains a six-coordinate tin atom with the axial angle C(15)-Sn(1)-C(22) 129.6(2). And the tin environment of complex 3 is a distorted cis-trigonal bipyramid with C(8)-Sn(1)-N(1) 158.80.
基金the University of Transport Technology under the project entitled“Application of Machine Learning Algorithms in Landslide Susceptibility Mapping in Mountainous Areas”with grant number DTTD2022-16.
文摘This study was aimed to prepare landslide susceptibility maps for the Pithoragarh district in Uttarakhand,India,using advanced ensemble models that combined Radial Basis Function Networks(RBFN)with three ensemble learning techniques:DAGGING(DG),MULTIBOOST(MB),and ADABOOST(AB).This combination resulted in three distinct ensemble models:DG-RBFN,MB-RBFN,and AB-RBFN.Additionally,a traditional weighted method,Information Value(IV),and a benchmark machine learning(ML)model,Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network(MLP),were employed for comparison and validation.The models were developed using ten landslide conditioning factors,which included slope,aspect,elevation,curvature,land cover,geomorphology,overburden depth,lithology,distance to rivers and distance to roads.These factors were instrumental in predicting the output variable,which was the probability of landslide occurrence.Statistical analysis of the models’performance indicated that the DG-RBFN model,with an Area Under ROC Curve(AUC)of 0.931,outperformed the other models.The AB-RBFN model achieved an AUC of 0.929,the MB-RBFN model had an AUC of 0.913,and the MLP model recorded an AUC of 0.926.These results suggest that the advanced ensemble ML model DG-RBFN was more accurate than traditional statistical model,single MLP model,and other ensemble models in preparing trustworthy landslide susceptibility maps,thereby enhancing land use planning and decision-making.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22206050 and 52270047).
文摘Fenton and Fenton-like processes,which could produce highly reactive species to degrade organic contaminants,have been widely used in the field of wastewater treatment.Therein,the chemistry of Fenton process including the nature of active oxidants,the complicated reactions involved,and the behind reason for its strongly pH-dependent performance,is the basis for the application of Fenton and Fenton-like processes in wastewater treatment.Nevertheless,the conflicting views still exist about the mechanism of the Fenton process.For instance,reaching a unanimous consensus on the nature of active oxidants(hydroxyl radical or tetravalent iron)in this process remains challenging.This review comprehensively examined the mechanism of the Fenton process including the debate on the nature of active oxidants,reactions involved in the Fenton process,and the behind reason for the pH-dependent degradation of contaminants in the Fenton process.Then,we summarized several strategies that promote the Fe(Ⅱ)/Fe(Ⅲ)cycle,reduce the competitive consumption of active oxidants by side reactions,and replace the Fenton reagent,thus improving the performance of the Fenton process.Furthermore,advances for the future were proposed including the demand for the high-accuracy identification of active oxidants and taking advantages of the characteristic of target contaminants during the degradation of contaminants by the Fenton process.
基金supported by the Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment,Harbin Institute of Technology(No.ES202306).
文摘Treatment of precious metals in electronic waste has attracted tremendous attention and is essential for both environmental protection and resource sustainable development.In this study,a novel adsorbent for precious metal ions,V_(2)O_(3)spiny hollow nanospheres(pV_(2)O_(3)SHN),was synthe sized through a one-step hydrothermal-as sis ted methodology for the adsorption of Au(Ⅲ),Ag(Ⅰ),Pd(Ⅱ),and Pt(Ⅳ) from the leaching solution of electronic waste.The results reveal that the p-V2O3SHN hierarchy was successfully constructed with a hollow structure and dense spiny morphology.The prepared p-V2O3SHN can effectively remove precious metal ions such as Au(Ⅲ),Ag(Ⅰ),Pd(Ⅱ),and Pt(Ⅳ),with the selective capture order being Au(Ⅲ)> Ag(Ⅰ)> Pt(Ⅳ)> Pd(Ⅱ)> other metal ions.This superior adsorption capability can be attributed to the multi-diffusible,intermingled composition,and numerous active sites decorating the p-V2O3SHN hierarchy,facilitating the uptake of Au(Ⅲ),Ag(Ⅰ),Pd(Ⅱ),and Pt(Ⅳ) ions from electronic waste.The Langmuir model provided a better fit for the uptake process,revealing maximum uptake capacities of 833.33 mg/g for Au(Ⅲ),370.37 mg/g for Ag(Ⅰ),42.01 mg/g for Pd(Ⅱ),and 77.51 mg/g for Pt(Ⅳ) on p-V_(2)O_(3)SHN.Remarkably,p-V_(2)O_(3)SHN exhibited a robust affinity for the adsorbate due to the presence of surface defects and reduction reactions.The new p-V2O3SHN also demonstrated good reusability for three sorption cycles,highlighting its potential for electronic waste treatment.Due to its facile synthesis and excellent efficiency,hierarchical p-V2O3SHN presents itself as a promising candidate for the selective uptake of Au(Ⅲ),Ag(Ⅰ),Pt(Ⅳ),and Pd(Ⅱ) from electronic waste.
文摘BACKGROUND Disorders of gut-brain interaction(DGBI)are common,but knowledge about their physiopathology is still poor,nor valid tools have been used to evaluate them in childhood.AIM To develop a psycho-gastroenterological questionnaire(PGQ)to assess the psycho-gastroenterological profile and social characteristics of a pediatric population with and without DGBI.METHODS One hundred and nineteen Italian children(age 11-18)were included:28 outpatient patients with DGBI(Rome IV criteria)and 91 healthy controls.They filled the PGQ,faces pain scale revised(FPS-R),Bristol stool chart,ga-strointestinal symptoms rating scale,state-trait anxiety inventory,Toronto alexithymia scale 20,perceived self-efficacy in the management of negative emotions and expression of positive emotions(APEN-G,APEP-G),irritable bowel syndrome-quality of life questionnaire,school performances,tobacco use,early life events,degree of digital-ization.RESULTS Compared to controls,patients had more medical examinations(35%of them went to the doctor more than five times),a higher school performance(23%vs 13%,P<0.05),didn’t use tobacco(never vs 16%,P<0.05),had early life events(28%vs 1%P<0.05)and a higher percentage of pain classified as 4 in the FPS-R during the examination(14%vs 7%,P<0.05).CONCLUSION Pediatric outpatients with DGBI had a higher prevalence of early life events,a lower quality of life,more medical examinations rising health care costs,lower anxiety levels.
