Supporting designers in making effective renovation decisions is urgently needed to address the ever-growing climate crisis.This requires developing tools that bring insight into the enormous set of design options at ...Supporting designers in making effective renovation decisions is urgently needed to address the ever-growing climate crisis.This requires developing tools that bring insight into the enormous set of design options at hand,where the efficacy of candidate renovation design options is evaluated using(potentially computationally expensive)simulations.Thus,a systematic,goal-driven design process is required that ensures“design space”diversity and coverage,while making careful and effective use of highly informative but time consuming performance simulations.To this end,we define twelve new concepts based on scenario(dis)similarity that give designers insight about pairs of scenarios,clusters of scenarios,and pairs of clusters,and apply these concepts in an iterative,goal-driven design process.We evaluate a software implementation of our design concept analyser using a real renovation case of a large residential building in Denmark.展开更多
High-density housing can be interpreted as collections of individual units, which inevitably results in the dilemma between the global standardization designed by architects and local customization implemented by user...High-density housing can be interpreted as collections of individual units, which inevitably results in the dilemma between the global standardization designed by architects and local customization implemented by users. However, it is impossible to reflect the users＇ various needs in the conceptual design stage for high-density housing because of the economic, industrial and time constrains. In response to this challenge, this research paper outlines a different high-density housing design approach that can adopt users＇ individual customization in the conceptual design stage during the housing design practice. Hence, the design process would be an open-ended evolutionary and transparent process rather than deterministic executions as we have now in most high-density cities, such as Hong Kong. In order to overcome the deficiency in addressing future uncertainties of different users and address the issues of one-off developments without iterating users＇ feedback in the housing practice, this essay proposes IOSDA （integrated open source design for architecture） for the design practice of high-density housing, through collective data and parametric connectivity between users and architects. IOSDA reflects a different design attitude towards the future, i.e., to shift from architects＇ heroic prediction of the future to collective engagement of the present with more robust capacities for new possibilities.展开更多
Continuous phase plate（CPP）,which has a function of beam shaping in laser systems,is one kind of important diffractive optics.Based on the Fourier transform of the Gerchberg-Saxton（G-S） algorithm for designing CPP...Continuous phase plate（CPP）,which has a function of beam shaping in laser systems,is one kind of important diffractive optics.Based on the Fourier transform of the Gerchberg-Saxton（G-S） algorithm for designing CPP,we proposed an optical diffraction method according to the real system conditions.A thin lens can complete the Fourier transform of the input signal and the inverse propagation of light can be implemented in a program.Using both of the two functions can realize the iteration process to calculate the near-field distribution of light and the far-field repeatedly,which is similar to the G-S algorithm.The results show that using the optical diffraction method can design a CPP for a complicated laser system,and make the CPP have abilities of beam shaping and phase compensation for the phase aberration of the system.The method can improve the adaptation of the phase plate in systems with phase aberrations.展开更多
This paper describes a new design of the neutral beam manifold based on a more optimized support system.A proposed alternative scheme has presented to replace the former complex manifold supports and internal pipe sup...This paper describes a new design of the neutral beam manifold based on a more optimized support system.A proposed alternative scheme has presented to replace the former complex manifold supports and internal pipe supports in the final design phase.Both the structural reliability and feasibility were confirmed with detailed analyses.Comparative analyses between two typical types of manifold support scheme were performed.All relevant results of mechanical analyses for typical operation scenarios and fault conditions are presented.Future optimization activities are described,which will give useful information for a refined setting of components in the next phase.展开更多
Objective Based on the development background of digital medical technology,this study aimed to establish design guidelines and references in relevant fields to better serve clinical medical treatment using intelligen...Objective Based on the development background of digital medical technology,this study aimed to establish design guidelines and references in relevant fields to better serve clinical medical treatment using intelligent technology to enhance the usability of the interaction interface of robotic surgical systems and reduce potential human-factor risks during digital surgery.Methods Considering the robotic liver cancer ablation surgery system as the research object,subjective and objective evaluation indicators were established from 3 dimensions of effectiveness,efficiency,and satisfaction based on the usability theory.Using the hierarchical task analysis method,usability experiments were conducted to collect relevant data.Feedback on issues during the experimental process was obtained through observation and interviews.Failure mode and effect analysis and fault tree analysis were used to assess risk levels and formulate design strategies.Results The interface design of the liver cancer ablation surgery robot was iteratively optimized.The results showed that the interface after iteration improved in skilled operation time,subjective evaluation scores,risk priority number value,and risk level.The rationality of the scheme was verified,and interface design paradigm was constructed based on intelligent technology.Conclusion After improving the design,the interface effectively reduced the frequency of problems and average skilled operation time,thereby,improving the subjective satisfaction score of users.展开更多
A major bottleneck in large-scale eigenfrequency topology optimization is the repeated solution of the generalized eigenvalue problem.This work presents an efficient graphics processing unit(GPU)solver for threedimens...A major bottleneck in large-scale eigenfrequency topology optimization is the repeated solution of the generalized eigenvalue problem.This work presents an efficient graphics processing unit(GPU)solver for threedimensional(3D)topology optimization that maximizes the fundamental eigenfrequency.The Successive Iteration of Analysis and Design(SIAD)framework is employed to avoid solving a full eigenproblem at every iteration.The sequential approximation of the eigenpairs is solved by the GPU-accelerated multigrid-preconditioned conjugate gradient(MGPCG)method to efficiently improve the eigenvectors along with the topological evolution.The cluster-mean approach is adopted to address the non-differentiability issue caused by repeated eigenfrequencies.The corresponding sensitivity analysis method is provided.The parallelized gradient-based Zhang-Paulino-Ramos Jr.(ZPR)algorithm is employed to update the design variables.The effectiveness of the proposed solver is demonstrated through two large-scale numerical examples.The first example demonstrates the accuracy,efficiency,and scalability of the proposed solver by solving a 3D optimization problem of 50.33 million elements being solved in approximately 15.2 h over 300 iterations on a single NVIDIA Tesla V100 GPU.The second example validates the effectiveness of the proposed solver in the presence of repeated eigenfrequencies.Our findings also highlight that higher-resolution models produce distinct optimized structures with higher fundamental frequencies,underscoring the necessity of large-scale topology optimization.展开更多
基金supported by the European Union Horizon 2020 research project PROBONO under grant agreement no.101037075.
文摘Supporting designers in making effective renovation decisions is urgently needed to address the ever-growing climate crisis.This requires developing tools that bring insight into the enormous set of design options at hand,where the efficacy of candidate renovation design options is evaluated using(potentially computationally expensive)simulations.Thus,a systematic,goal-driven design process is required that ensures“design space”diversity and coverage,while making careful and effective use of highly informative but time consuming performance simulations.To this end,we define twelve new concepts based on scenario(dis)similarity that give designers insight about pairs of scenarios,clusters of scenarios,and pairs of clusters,and apply these concepts in an iterative,goal-driven design process.We evaluate a software implementation of our design concept analyser using a real renovation case of a large residential building in Denmark.
文摘High-density housing can be interpreted as collections of individual units, which inevitably results in the dilemma between the global standardization designed by architects and local customization implemented by users. However, it is impossible to reflect the users＇ various needs in the conceptual design stage for high-density housing because of the economic, industrial and time constrains. In response to this challenge, this research paper outlines a different high-density housing design approach that can adopt users＇ individual customization in the conceptual design stage during the housing design practice. Hence, the design process would be an open-ended evolutionary and transparent process rather than deterministic executions as we have now in most high-density cities, such as Hong Kong. In order to overcome the deficiency in addressing future uncertainties of different users and address the issues of one-off developments without iterating users＇ feedback in the housing practice, this essay proposes IOSDA （integrated open source design for architecture） for the design practice of high-density housing, through collective data and parametric connectivity between users and architects. IOSDA reflects a different design attitude towards the future, i.e., to shift from architects＇ heroic prediction of the future to collective engagement of the present with more robust capacities for new possibilities.
文摘Continuous phase plate（CPP）,which has a function of beam shaping in laser systems,is one kind of important diffractive optics.Based on the Fourier transform of the Gerchberg-Saxton（G-S） algorithm for designing CPP,we proposed an optical diffraction method according to the real system conditions.A thin lens can complete the Fourier transform of the input signal and the inverse propagation of light can be implemented in a program.Using both of the two functions can realize the iteration process to calculate the near-field distribution of light and the far-field repeatedly,which is similar to the G-S algorithm.The results show that using the optical diffraction method can design a CPP for a complicated laser system,and make the CPP have abilities of beam shaping and phase compensation for the phase aberration of the system.The method can improve the adaptation of the phase plate in systems with phase aberrations.
文摘This paper describes a new design of the neutral beam manifold based on a more optimized support system.A proposed alternative scheme has presented to replace the former complex manifold supports and internal pipe supports in the final design phase.Both the structural reliability and feasibility were confirmed with detailed analyses.Comparative analyses between two typical types of manifold support scheme were performed.All relevant results of mechanical analyses for typical operation scenarios and fault conditions are presented.Future optimization activities are described,which will give useful information for a refined setting of components in the next phase.
基金supported by Beijing Institute of Technology Research and Innovation Promoting Project(Grant No.2024YCXZ014).
文摘Objective Based on the development background of digital medical technology,this study aimed to establish design guidelines and references in relevant fields to better serve clinical medical treatment using intelligent technology to enhance the usability of the interaction interface of robotic surgical systems and reduce potential human-factor risks during digital surgery.Methods Considering the robotic liver cancer ablation surgery system as the research object,subjective and objective evaluation indicators were established from 3 dimensions of effectiveness,efficiency,and satisfaction based on the usability theory.Using the hierarchical task analysis method,usability experiments were conducted to collect relevant data.Feedback on issues during the experimental process was obtained through observation and interviews.Failure mode and effect analysis and fault tree analysis were used to assess risk levels and formulate design strategies.Results The interface design of the liver cancer ablation surgery robot was iteratively optimized.The results showed that the interface after iteration improved in skilled operation time,subjective evaluation scores,risk priority number value,and risk level.The rationality of the scheme was verified,and interface design paradigm was constructed based on intelligent technology.Conclusion After improving the design,the interface effectively reduced the frequency of problems and average skilled operation time,thereby,improving the subjective satisfaction score of users.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Award No.52105240).
文摘A major bottleneck in large-scale eigenfrequency topology optimization is the repeated solution of the generalized eigenvalue problem.This work presents an efficient graphics processing unit(GPU)solver for threedimensional(3D)topology optimization that maximizes the fundamental eigenfrequency.The Successive Iteration of Analysis and Design(SIAD)framework is employed to avoid solving a full eigenproblem at every iteration.The sequential approximation of the eigenpairs is solved by the GPU-accelerated multigrid-preconditioned conjugate gradient(MGPCG)method to efficiently improve the eigenvectors along with the topological evolution.The cluster-mean approach is adopted to address the non-differentiability issue caused by repeated eigenfrequencies.The corresponding sensitivity analysis method is provided.The parallelized gradient-based Zhang-Paulino-Ramos Jr.(ZPR)algorithm is employed to update the design variables.The effectiveness of the proposed solver is demonstrated through two large-scale numerical examples.The first example demonstrates the accuracy,efficiency,and scalability of the proposed solver by solving a 3D optimization problem of 50.33 million elements being solved in approximately 15.2 h over 300 iterations on a single NVIDIA Tesla V100 GPU.The second example validates the effectiveness of the proposed solver in the presence of repeated eigenfrequencies.Our findings also highlight that higher-resolution models produce distinct optimized structures with higher fundamental frequencies,underscoring the necessity of large-scale topology optimization.
