The ITM 2026 International Textile Machinery Exhibition is set to take place in Istanbul/Turkey from June 9–13,2026,serving as a vital meeting point for textile technology manufacturers and investors worldwide.Levera...The ITM 2026 International Textile Machinery Exhibition is set to take place in Istanbul/Turkey from June 9–13,2026,serving as a vital meeting point for textile technology manufacturers and investors worldwide.Leveraging Istanbul's strategic location and accessibility,the event aims to bridge gaps in the global textile industry,particularly for professionals from regions facing barriers to attending European trade fairs.展开更多
Recently, important land use changes have occurred in the Black Sea coastal regions of istanbul due to urban growth and population increases. The objective of this study was to determine changes in land use in the Bla...Recently, important land use changes have occurred in the Black Sea coastal regions of istanbul due to urban growth and population increases. The objective of this study was to determine changes in land use in the Black Sea coastal regions of Jstanbul between 1987 and 2007. Landsat 30 m satellite images from 1987 and 2007 are used in the study. The study area is 1000 m in width from the coastline to the land and the study has been carried out using the controlled classification method to classify areas into residential, agricultural, forest, bare land, brush/grassland, and lake/pond land classes. Land use changes between 1987 and 2007 were analysed in detail. Residential areas of the Black Sea coastal regions of istanbul increased by 122% over the two decades. Also an increase of 55% in agriculture areas was observed, while there were decreases of 26% in forest areas and 15% in free land. A 21% increase in the area of brush and grassland took place. Furthermore 79% of the study area was covered by residential areas in 2007. It is probable that pressure on the Jstanbul coastal regions will continue due to migraton and rapid urbanization. Therefore, Istanbul＇s Black Sea coastal regions should be maintained using a sustainable coastal management plan.展开更多
Turkey has announced its plan to construct a new waterway, Canal Istanbul, parallel to the Bosphorus. In this study,the influence of Canal Istanbul on salinity distribution in the northern Marmara Sea is investigated ...Turkey has announced its plan to construct a new waterway, Canal Istanbul, parallel to the Bosphorus. In this study,the influence of Canal Istanbul on salinity distribution in the northern Marmara Sea is investigated using a previously calibrated 3 D hydrodynamic and salinity model. Moreover, the salinity field of the canal and its propagation are examined based on various meteorological cases. Finally, the flow structure of the canal is determined. It is calculated that at the southern end of the canal, mainly unidirectional flow(from the Black Sea to the Marmara Sea)occurs during 68% of the simulation period. A two-layer flow is seen only 28% of the time with a weak lower layer flow, whereas this value decreases to 4% at the north end of the canal. In the southward direction(to the Marmara Sea), velocities higher than 1.5 m/s are rarely observed along the canal. The average surface salinity difference in the northern Marmara Sea due to the construction of the canal is calculated to be smaller than 0.50 ppt. The salinity difference gradually diminishes as water depth increases and after 25 m(from the surface) almost no difference is observed.展开更多
The 2019 Hurun Global Chinese New Year Series made its debut in Istanbul on January 29,bringing together about 200 Turkish industrialists and entrepreneurs to experience a moment of joy and harmony with the Chinese pe...The 2019 Hurun Global Chinese New Year Series made its debut in Istanbul on January 29,bringing together about 200 Turkish industrialists and entrepreneurs to experience a moment of joy and harmony with the Chinese people and culture.展开更多
In this paper the author will try to discuss the experiences and narratives of three different categories of families living in Merdivenkoy, Fikirtepe, the oldest settlement and suburban area of the Anatolian side of ...In this paper the author will try to discuss the experiences and narratives of three different categories of families living in Merdivenkoy, Fikirtepe, the oldest settlement and suburban area of the Anatolian side of Istanbul, on the backdrop of urban transformation that will change the area soon. In life story narratives, these three examples give us information about the history, economic linkage, and life styles of neighboring families. The first category basically consists of the families that live in the area for a very long time, over some decades or more. Even one of them mentioned that, their family is living there for hundreds of years. The second category, which represents the biggest group living in the area, consists of families migrated from Sivas, a central Anatolian city, in the 1950s. Third category consist of Kurds migrated from eastern Anatolian villages and cities such as Mardin. Each category has different kinds of nostalgia about the past. Interviewees from the first category talk about family narratives related to the small village Merdivenk6y, Fikirtepe and the area. Mostly, they have a story of a ＂well off＂ family, structured and detailed narratives about the family history, including relations with the Ottoman Palace such as doing some sort of production for it. They seem very sensitive about the local cultural characteristics and what＇s going on in the area; realistic about and reconciled with what will happen as a result of slum clearance. Interviewees from the second category mostly emphasize the hardship of settling in a muddy suburban area, where once ＂muddy lands＂ now turned out to become valuable urban properties on which new and modem neighborhoods, shopping malls and office buildings will be built. They are expecting to get maximum gain out of the exchange of their small property, since they are desperately in need, because of the financial crisis situation. Although their houses with small gardens near the small industrial area are small, old, and neglected for years, they expect the most. Relatively newcomers, Kurdish people in the area talk about the good old days on the one hand and the painful stories about migration and settling on the other hand. They do not think about going back to their native lands, since here it is easier for them to find jobs in the informal economy as they live very close to central parts of the city. As a part of a larger research study focused on the experience of urban transformation, we made more than 50 interviews, trying to make a general outlook of the area, working on the dynamics of change before and after the urban transformation that had been started in June 2010. By using oral history research techniques and social science methodology, we conducted in-depth interviews with the people living in the neighborhood, made observations in the neighborhood and took photographs. The author＇s work is about the reflections of nostalgia in their family histories and experiences of different categories of families living in the area referring life story narratives. As far as the author can see in each group he works on, there are different contradictions related to their position in the city and conception of the area. The urban transformation presented and is perceived as a fortune for all of them, but it will have contradictory outcomes in reality for each as indicated in other examples in the world.展开更多
Air pollution has been the most important health issue in recent years. In this study, the aim was to evaluate the results of regular measurements of air pollutants PM10 （Particulate Matter of 10 Microns in Diameter...Air pollution has been the most important health issue in recent years. In this study, the aim was to evaluate the results of regular measurements of air pollutants PM10 （Particulate Matter of 10 Microns in Diameter） and SO2 （Sulfur Dioxide） concentrations in the city of Istanbul by taking the years 2013 and 2015 as a sample. The data were obtained through the website http：//www.havaizleme.gov.tr, which was published by the Administration of Marmara Clean Air Center of Ministry of Environment and Urbanization in Turkey. For the years 2013 and 2015, the mean SO2 concentration was 8.35 ± 6.04 and 10.60 ±7.16 μg/m^3. The mean PMI0 concentration was 73.06 ± 30.63 μg/m^3 for 2013 and 51.57 ± 18.84μg/m^3 for 2015. The acceptable upper limit values by WHO （World Health Organization） for daily mean SO2 and PMI0 concentrations respectively are 20 μg/m^3 and 50μg/m^3. In Istanbul, SO2 concentrations were above the upper limit values recommended by WHO, but PM10 concentrations during 2013 and 2015 were over the recommended limit values by WHO. As the particulate matter pollution is at high concentrations during these two years, it has shown that air pollution emerges as a problem awaiting solutions in Istanbul, where is industrially intense, highly populated and also with high traffic density.展开更多
The global competition in banking sector, global capital flows, and proliferation of financial markets have been forcing banks to utilize their resources in an efficient way and use various methods to determine and in...The global competition in banking sector, global capital flows, and proliferation of financial markets have been forcing banks to utilize their resources in an efficient way and use various methods to determine and increase their performances against the competitors. Within this context, the relative efficiency measurement and statistical （parametric） efficiency measurements that employ （non-parametric） mathematical programming based on Data Envelopment Analysis （DEA） method are such instruments and they are used to determine brand value and financial performance that are pivotal factors in company mergers, acquisitions, and joint venture activities. This study works with Turkish banks whose brand values have been calculated by Brand Finance and whose brand values have been listed in Global Banking 500 for the years between 2010 and 2012. Firstly, using the banks＇ data published by Public Disclosure Platform （PDP/KAP）, a non-parametric model with three inputs and four outputs has been developed. Relative and super efficiencies of the banks have been measured by mathematical programming based DEA and the efficiency scores that come out of this analysis have been ranked, resulting in an ＂efficiency ranking of the banks＂. Following this, the efficiency ranking of these banks has been compared with brand value ranking of Brand Finance and their similarity/correspondence has been assessed.展开更多
Today＇s global trends need to be clearly explained to enable the efficient functioning of capital markets for the purpose of the country＇s economic development. Promotion of a strong internal audit function plays a ...Today＇s global trends need to be clearly explained to enable the efficient functioning of capital markets for the purpose of the country＇s economic development. Promotion of a strong internal audit function plays a key role in assisting the board to discharge its governance responsibilities. The internal audit needs to exert its important function for refining corporate governance procedures, improving internal control, and strengthening risk management. The rules concerning internal auditing issued by the Banking Regulation and Supervision Agency, Capital Markets Board of Turkey, and other public societies have contributed to the development of internal auditing in Turkey. The Capital Markets Board of Turkey published “Communiqu6 Serial： IV, Noi 56 on Identification and Application of Corporate Governance Principles” （Official Gazette dated December 30, 2011, No. 28158）. In Part 4.2.4 of these principles, it was stated that “The board of directors supervise the efficiency of risk management and internal control systems at least once a year. Information about existence, operation, and efficiency of internal control and internal audit is given by annual report”. The objective of this study is to analyze the structure of internal audit function-related information on the annual reports of companies that are included in the Borsa Istanbul. Annual reports of 192 manufacturing companies listed on Borsa Istanbul were examined by content analysis method.展开更多
In this study, the changes in the data of Istanbul’s precipitation and temperature and the features of these changes were analyzed by different methods. In the analyses the daily precipitation and temperature data se...In this study, the changes in the data of Istanbul’s precipitation and temperature and the features of these changes were analyzed by different methods. In the analyses the daily precipitation and temperature data sets of Florya and Goztepe Meteorological Stations which have similar locational features were used. These sets were recorded between 1960 and 2013 (for 54 years). In order to emphasize the differentiations in the last 15 years the analyses were conducted comparatively both for the 15-year and for the 54-year periods and then the results were evaluated. The changes in the monthly, annual and seasonal quantity, type and frequency of the precipitation in the form of rain and the features of the temperature’s monthly, annual and seasonal changes, the De Martonne aridity index and the Thornthwaite climate classification were carried out. The results showed that during the years from 1999 to 2013 the climate type of Istanbul changed from semi-humid climate to arid and less-humid climate. Most notably the precipitation during the warm periods has decreased, but the frequency of the intense rain has increased and the majority of these episodes of intense rain coincided with the warm periods. Other determinations were the rise in the annual average temperature and the extension of the warm periods in a year. This differentiation of the temperature features can lead to the aggravation of the evaporation and it can be effective for a longer period during the year. Being aware of this differentiation in the features of precipitation and temperature and taking these data into consideration in all sorts of planning and managing strategies have a special importance for the 14 million or more people living in Istanbul.展开更多
This study constructs a proposed model to investigate the link between environmental,social,and governance(ESG)disclosures and ESG scores for publicly traded companies in the Borsa Istanbul Sustainability(XUSRD)index....This study constructs a proposed model to investigate the link between environmental,social,and governance(ESG)disclosures and ESG scores for publicly traded companies in the Borsa Istanbul Sustainability(XUSRD)index.In this context,this study considers 66 companies,examining recently structured ESG disclosures for 2022 that were published for the first time as novel data and applying a multilayer perceptron(MLP)artificial neural network algorithm.The relevant results are fourfold.(1)The MLP algorithm has explanatory power(i.e.,R^(2))of 79% in estimating companies’ESG scores.(2)Common,environment,social,and governance pillars have respective weights of 21.04%,44.87%,30.34%,and 3.74% in total ESG scores.(3)The absolute and relative significance of each ESG reporting principle for companies’ESG scores varies.(4)According to absolute and relative significance,the most effective ESG principle is the common principle,followed by social and environmental principles,whereas governance principles have less significance.Overall,the results demonstrate that applying a linear approach to complete deficient ESG disclosures is inefficient for increasing companies’ESG scores;instead,companies should focus on the ESG principles that have the highest relative significance.The findings of this study contribute to the literature by defining the most significant ESG principles for stimulating the ESG scores of companies in the XUSRD index.展开更多
Contemporary disaster risk management emphasizes the importance of mitigation and preparedness.Individual preparedness is essential for mitigating hazard impacts.This study examined earthquake preparedness behaviors t...Contemporary disaster risk management emphasizes the importance of mitigation and preparedness.Individual preparedness is essential for mitigating hazard impacts.This study examined earthquake preparedness behaviors through the lens of the precaution adoption process model(PAPM),a health psychology framework.The study aimed to identify differences among individuals at various PAPM stages regarding factors influencing preparedness.The sample consisted of 577 participants,aged 18 to 62,residing in Istanbul.After data collection,group comparison tests were conducted.The findings suggest significant differences between individuals in Stage 3(undecided about acting)and those in Stage 5(decided to act)regarding fatalism,perceived barriers,perceived benefits,subjective norms,and perceived behavioral control.Participants who decided to act(Stage 5)reported lower levels of perceived behavioral control than did those who had already acted(Stage 6).Future intervention studies should develop strategies to reduce fatalism and perceived barriers while enhance perceived benefits,subjective norms,and perceived behavioral control to encourage individuals to decide on performing earthquake preparedness behaviors.Increasing perceived behavioral control is essential in future intervention programs to facilitate the transition to action among individuals who have decided to perform preparedness behaviors.More comprehensive mixedmethods studies are needed to thoroughly identify the barriers to preparedness behaviors among individuals at different stages of the PAPM.In addition,more longitudinal studies are necessary to understand the dynamics between stages better.展开更多
This article examines Block A,the first block-style building in Heybeliada Sanatorium in Istanbul.The purpose of this research is to understand its architectural and spatial development and discuss how in fact it was ...This article examines Block A,the first block-style building in Heybeliada Sanatorium in Istanbul.The purpose of this research is to understand its architectural and spatial development and discuss how in fact it was a“prototype”of Turkish sanatoria.Approached with a three-step methodology(documentation/evaluation/results)this research conducts architectural and spatial analysis on Block A.Primary sources like architectural documentation and restitution drawings,the writings of the institution’s head doctor Tevfik Ismail Gökçe,periodicals on tuberculosis(TB),as well as pertinent literature are utilized.The findings demonstrate that Block A’s development(1924—1945)was the result of knowledge transfer that introduced the universal sanatorium design principles,spatial experiments,adaptation to sociocultural norms,and trial-and-error processes.Not only it had a major impact on shaping of the second block-type building in the complex,the“model”Block B,but it also became exemplary of the subsequent Turkish sanatoria.The originality of this article is its exploration of the changing and evolving Block A in its resonation with the cultural tensions of Turkey’s modernization process.This was established via the assessment of budgetary issues,medical developments and climatic experiments,the social issue of scarcity of TB beds in the country,spatial practices to separate the sexes as reflections of local traditions and culture in the shaping of spaces.展开更多
Hoteliers worldwide are starting to recon sider strategic partnerships to increase profits, regain control of inventory, maintain price in tegrity and build consumer confidence and fidelity. This means establishing ne...Hoteliers worldwide are starting to recon sider strategic partnerships to increase profits, regain control of inventory, maintain price in tegrity and build consumer confidence and fidelity. This means establishing new partners, turning back to tried and true friends or ruptur ing ties completely, as was the case when Intercontinental Hotel Groups made a recent and very public break with a well-known on line distributor stating that they are展开更多
IH&RA, the International Hotel & Restaurant Association (www.ih-ra.com), announced the winners of the 2004 IH&RA Environmental Award - "Innovation in Environmental Best Practice" - at the Closing...IH&RA, the International Hotel & Restaurant Association (www.ih-ra.com), announced the winners of the 2004 IH&RA Environmental Award - "Innovation in Environmental Best Practice" - at the Closing Gala Dinner of the IH&RA 41st Annual Congress held 19-21 November 2004 in Istanbul Turkey. In its 13th year, this Award was sponsored by founding partner UNEP, the United Nations Environment Programme, and by founding sponsor American Express, as well as sponsors Green Globe 21, Onity and Shell LPG. Applications were received from hospitality establishments from countries as diverse as Turkey, China, Canada, Pakistan, South Africa, Norway and Aruba! And the展开更多
Designers of infrastructure are aware that the government, owners and users become more and more concerned about negative environmental impacts of tunnels, so environmental assessment of tunnels are becoming an issue ...Designers of infrastructure are aware that the government, owners and users become more and more concerned about negative environmental impacts of tunnels, so environmental assessment of tunnels are becoming an issue in the process of tunnel design. In this study, to assess tunnels in construction and operation phases, the matrix method, through which the “Impacting Factors” and “Environmental Components” are determined, is also outlined. The affected environment was divided into thirteen components, such as Ecology, Surface water, Air quality, etc. In this paper, matrix method was applied to evaluate the impact of tunneling in three typical tunnels and compare them with standard diagrams of Environmental Components that were derived and introduced. These tunnels were: Urban Utility tunnel in Tehran, Eurasia tunnel in Istanbul and Tsuen Wan drainage tunnel in Hong Kong. Based on the acquired results, the present paper finally concluded that among three cases, Tsuen Wan drainage tunnel affects the environment in construction phase more than others, while Eurasia tunnel effects on air quality are more significant in operation phase.展开更多
文摘The ITM 2026 International Textile Machinery Exhibition is set to take place in Istanbul/Turkey from June 9–13,2026,serving as a vital meeting point for textile technology manufacturers and investors worldwide.Leveraging Istanbul's strategic location and accessibility,the event aims to bridge gaps in the global textile industry,particularly for professionals from regions facing barriers to attending European trade fairs.
文摘Recently, important land use changes have occurred in the Black Sea coastal regions of istanbul due to urban growth and population increases. The objective of this study was to determine changes in land use in the Black Sea coastal regions of Jstanbul between 1987 and 2007. Landsat 30 m satellite images from 1987 and 2007 are used in the study. The study area is 1000 m in width from the coastline to the land and the study has been carried out using the controlled classification method to classify areas into residential, agricultural, forest, bare land, brush/grassland, and lake/pond land classes. Land use changes between 1987 and 2007 were analysed in detail. Residential areas of the Black Sea coastal regions of istanbul increased by 122% over the two decades. Also an increase of 55% in agriculture areas was observed, while there were decreases of 26% in forest areas and 15% in free land. A 21% increase in the area of brush and grassland took place. Furthermore 79% of the study area was covered by residential areas in 2007. It is probable that pressure on the Jstanbul coastal regions will continue due to migraton and rapid urbanization. Therefore, Istanbul＇s Black Sea coastal regions should be maintained using a sustainable coastal management plan.
文摘Turkey has announced its plan to construct a new waterway, Canal Istanbul, parallel to the Bosphorus. In this study,the influence of Canal Istanbul on salinity distribution in the northern Marmara Sea is investigated using a previously calibrated 3 D hydrodynamic and salinity model. Moreover, the salinity field of the canal and its propagation are examined based on various meteorological cases. Finally, the flow structure of the canal is determined. It is calculated that at the southern end of the canal, mainly unidirectional flow(from the Black Sea to the Marmara Sea)occurs during 68% of the simulation period. A two-layer flow is seen only 28% of the time with a weak lower layer flow, whereas this value decreases to 4% at the north end of the canal. In the southward direction(to the Marmara Sea), velocities higher than 1.5 m/s are rarely observed along the canal. The average surface salinity difference in the northern Marmara Sea due to the construction of the canal is calculated to be smaller than 0.50 ppt. The salinity difference gradually diminishes as water depth increases and after 25 m(from the surface) almost no difference is observed.
文摘The 2019 Hurun Global Chinese New Year Series made its debut in Istanbul on January 29,bringing together about 200 Turkish industrialists and entrepreneurs to experience a moment of joy and harmony with the Chinese people and culture.
文摘In this paper the author will try to discuss the experiences and narratives of three different categories of families living in Merdivenkoy, Fikirtepe, the oldest settlement and suburban area of the Anatolian side of Istanbul, on the backdrop of urban transformation that will change the area soon. In life story narratives, these three examples give us information about the history, economic linkage, and life styles of neighboring families. The first category basically consists of the families that live in the area for a very long time, over some decades or more. Even one of them mentioned that, their family is living there for hundreds of years. The second category, which represents the biggest group living in the area, consists of families migrated from Sivas, a central Anatolian city, in the 1950s. Third category consist of Kurds migrated from eastern Anatolian villages and cities such as Mardin. Each category has different kinds of nostalgia about the past. Interviewees from the first category talk about family narratives related to the small village Merdivenk6y, Fikirtepe and the area. Mostly, they have a story of a ＂well off＂ family, structured and detailed narratives about the family history, including relations with the Ottoman Palace such as doing some sort of production for it. They seem very sensitive about the local cultural characteristics and what＇s going on in the area; realistic about and reconciled with what will happen as a result of slum clearance. Interviewees from the second category mostly emphasize the hardship of settling in a muddy suburban area, where once ＂muddy lands＂ now turned out to become valuable urban properties on which new and modem neighborhoods, shopping malls and office buildings will be built. They are expecting to get maximum gain out of the exchange of their small property, since they are desperately in need, because of the financial crisis situation. Although their houses with small gardens near the small industrial area are small, old, and neglected for years, they expect the most. Relatively newcomers, Kurdish people in the area talk about the good old days on the one hand and the painful stories about migration and settling on the other hand. They do not think about going back to their native lands, since here it is easier for them to find jobs in the informal economy as they live very close to central parts of the city. As a part of a larger research study focused on the experience of urban transformation, we made more than 50 interviews, trying to make a general outlook of the area, working on the dynamics of change before and after the urban transformation that had been started in June 2010. By using oral history research techniques and social science methodology, we conducted in-depth interviews with the people living in the neighborhood, made observations in the neighborhood and took photographs. The author＇s work is about the reflections of nostalgia in their family histories and experiences of different categories of families living in the area referring life story narratives. As far as the author can see in each group he works on, there are different contradictions related to their position in the city and conception of the area. The urban transformation presented and is perceived as a fortune for all of them, but it will have contradictory outcomes in reality for each as indicated in other examples in the world.
文摘Air pollution has been the most important health issue in recent years. In this study, the aim was to evaluate the results of regular measurements of air pollutants PM10 （Particulate Matter of 10 Microns in Diameter） and SO2 （Sulfur Dioxide） concentrations in the city of Istanbul by taking the years 2013 and 2015 as a sample. The data were obtained through the website http：//www.havaizleme.gov.tr, which was published by the Administration of Marmara Clean Air Center of Ministry of Environment and Urbanization in Turkey. For the years 2013 and 2015, the mean SO2 concentration was 8.35 ± 6.04 and 10.60 ±7.16 μg/m^3. The mean PMI0 concentration was 73.06 ± 30.63 μg/m^3 for 2013 and 51.57 ± 18.84μg/m^3 for 2015. The acceptable upper limit values by WHO （World Health Organization） for daily mean SO2 and PMI0 concentrations respectively are 20 μg/m^3 and 50μg/m^3. In Istanbul, SO2 concentrations were above the upper limit values recommended by WHO, but PM10 concentrations during 2013 and 2015 were over the recommended limit values by WHO. As the particulate matter pollution is at high concentrations during these two years, it has shown that air pollution emerges as a problem awaiting solutions in Istanbul, where is industrially intense, highly populated and also with high traffic density.
文摘The global competition in banking sector, global capital flows, and proliferation of financial markets have been forcing banks to utilize their resources in an efficient way and use various methods to determine and increase their performances against the competitors. Within this context, the relative efficiency measurement and statistical （parametric） efficiency measurements that employ （non-parametric） mathematical programming based on Data Envelopment Analysis （DEA） method are such instruments and they are used to determine brand value and financial performance that are pivotal factors in company mergers, acquisitions, and joint venture activities. This study works with Turkish banks whose brand values have been calculated by Brand Finance and whose brand values have been listed in Global Banking 500 for the years between 2010 and 2012. Firstly, using the banks＇ data published by Public Disclosure Platform （PDP/KAP）, a non-parametric model with three inputs and four outputs has been developed. Relative and super efficiencies of the banks have been measured by mathematical programming based DEA and the efficiency scores that come out of this analysis have been ranked, resulting in an ＂efficiency ranking of the banks＂. Following this, the efficiency ranking of these banks has been compared with brand value ranking of Brand Finance and their similarity/correspondence has been assessed.
文摘Today＇s global trends need to be clearly explained to enable the efficient functioning of capital markets for the purpose of the country＇s economic development. Promotion of a strong internal audit function plays a key role in assisting the board to discharge its governance responsibilities. The internal audit needs to exert its important function for refining corporate governance procedures, improving internal control, and strengthening risk management. The rules concerning internal auditing issued by the Banking Regulation and Supervision Agency, Capital Markets Board of Turkey, and other public societies have contributed to the development of internal auditing in Turkey. The Capital Markets Board of Turkey published “Communiqu6 Serial： IV, Noi 56 on Identification and Application of Corporate Governance Principles” （Official Gazette dated December 30, 2011, No. 28158）. In Part 4.2.4 of these principles, it was stated that “The board of directors supervise the efficiency of risk management and internal control systems at least once a year. Information about existence, operation, and efficiency of internal control and internal audit is given by annual report”. The objective of this study is to analyze the structure of internal audit function-related information on the annual reports of companies that are included in the Borsa Istanbul. Annual reports of 192 manufacturing companies listed on Borsa Istanbul were examined by content analysis method.
文摘In this study, the changes in the data of Istanbul’s precipitation and temperature and the features of these changes were analyzed by different methods. In the analyses the daily precipitation and temperature data sets of Florya and Goztepe Meteorological Stations which have similar locational features were used. These sets were recorded between 1960 and 2013 (for 54 years). In order to emphasize the differentiations in the last 15 years the analyses were conducted comparatively both for the 15-year and for the 54-year periods and then the results were evaluated. The changes in the monthly, annual and seasonal quantity, type and frequency of the precipitation in the form of rain and the features of the temperature’s monthly, annual and seasonal changes, the De Martonne aridity index and the Thornthwaite climate classification were carried out. The results showed that during the years from 1999 to 2013 the climate type of Istanbul changed from semi-humid climate to arid and less-humid climate. Most notably the precipitation during the warm periods has decreased, but the frequency of the intense rain has increased and the majority of these episodes of intense rain coincided with the warm periods. Other determinations were the rise in the annual average temperature and the extension of the warm periods in a year. This differentiation of the temperature features can lead to the aggravation of the evaporation and it can be effective for a longer period during the year. Being aware of this differentiation in the features of precipitation and temperature and taking these data into consideration in all sorts of planning and managing strategies have a special importance for the 14 million or more people living in Istanbul.
文摘This study constructs a proposed model to investigate the link between environmental,social,and governance(ESG)disclosures and ESG scores for publicly traded companies in the Borsa Istanbul Sustainability(XUSRD)index.In this context,this study considers 66 companies,examining recently structured ESG disclosures for 2022 that were published for the first time as novel data and applying a multilayer perceptron(MLP)artificial neural network algorithm.The relevant results are fourfold.(1)The MLP algorithm has explanatory power(i.e.,R^(2))of 79% in estimating companies’ESG scores.(2)Common,environment,social,and governance pillars have respective weights of 21.04%,44.87%,30.34%,and 3.74% in total ESG scores.(3)The absolute and relative significance of each ESG reporting principle for companies’ESG scores varies.(4)According to absolute and relative significance,the most effective ESG principle is the common principle,followed by social and environmental principles,whereas governance principles have less significance.Overall,the results demonstrate that applying a linear approach to complete deficient ESG disclosures is inefficient for increasing companies’ESG scores;instead,companies should focus on the ESG principles that have the highest relative significance.The findings of this study contribute to the literature by defining the most significant ESG principles for stimulating the ESG scores of companies in the XUSRD index.
文摘Contemporary disaster risk management emphasizes the importance of mitigation and preparedness.Individual preparedness is essential for mitigating hazard impacts.This study examined earthquake preparedness behaviors through the lens of the precaution adoption process model(PAPM),a health psychology framework.The study aimed to identify differences among individuals at various PAPM stages regarding factors influencing preparedness.The sample consisted of 577 participants,aged 18 to 62,residing in Istanbul.After data collection,group comparison tests were conducted.The findings suggest significant differences between individuals in Stage 3(undecided about acting)and those in Stage 5(decided to act)regarding fatalism,perceived barriers,perceived benefits,subjective norms,and perceived behavioral control.Participants who decided to act(Stage 5)reported lower levels of perceived behavioral control than did those who had already acted(Stage 6).Future intervention studies should develop strategies to reduce fatalism and perceived barriers while enhance perceived benefits,subjective norms,and perceived behavioral control to encourage individuals to decide on performing earthquake preparedness behaviors.Increasing perceived behavioral control is essential in future intervention programs to facilitate the transition to action among individuals who have decided to perform preparedness behaviors.More comprehensive mixedmethods studies are needed to thoroughly identify the barriers to preparedness behaviors among individuals at different stages of the PAPM.In addition,more longitudinal studies are necessary to understand the dynamics between stages better.
基金This project is titled Architecture of Convalescence:Mapping the Sanatorium Heritage of Turkey and it was awarded by the Turkish Architects'Association 1927(Mimarlar Dernegi 1927)with the Modern Architecture Research Award in 2022.
文摘This article examines Block A,the first block-style building in Heybeliada Sanatorium in Istanbul.The purpose of this research is to understand its architectural and spatial development and discuss how in fact it was a“prototype”of Turkish sanatoria.Approached with a three-step methodology(documentation/evaluation/results)this research conducts architectural and spatial analysis on Block A.Primary sources like architectural documentation and restitution drawings,the writings of the institution’s head doctor Tevfik Ismail Gökçe,periodicals on tuberculosis(TB),as well as pertinent literature are utilized.The findings demonstrate that Block A’s development(1924—1945)was the result of knowledge transfer that introduced the universal sanatorium design principles,spatial experiments,adaptation to sociocultural norms,and trial-and-error processes.Not only it had a major impact on shaping of the second block-type building in the complex,the“model”Block B,but it also became exemplary of the subsequent Turkish sanatoria.The originality of this article is its exploration of the changing and evolving Block A in its resonation with the cultural tensions of Turkey’s modernization process.This was established via the assessment of budgetary issues,medical developments and climatic experiments,the social issue of scarcity of TB beds in the country,spatial practices to separate the sexes as reflections of local traditions and culture in the shaping of spaces.
文摘Hoteliers worldwide are starting to recon sider strategic partnerships to increase profits, regain control of inventory, maintain price in tegrity and build consumer confidence and fidelity. This means establishing new partners, turning back to tried and true friends or ruptur ing ties completely, as was the case when Intercontinental Hotel Groups made a recent and very public break with a well-known on line distributor stating that they are
文摘IH&RA, the International Hotel & Restaurant Association (www.ih-ra.com), announced the winners of the 2004 IH&RA Environmental Award - "Innovation in Environmental Best Practice" - at the Closing Gala Dinner of the IH&RA 41st Annual Congress held 19-21 November 2004 in Istanbul Turkey. In its 13th year, this Award was sponsored by founding partner UNEP, the United Nations Environment Programme, and by founding sponsor American Express, as well as sponsors Green Globe 21, Onity and Shell LPG. Applications were received from hospitality establishments from countries as diverse as Turkey, China, Canada, Pakistan, South Africa, Norway and Aruba! And the
文摘Designers of infrastructure are aware that the government, owners and users become more and more concerned about negative environmental impacts of tunnels, so environmental assessment of tunnels are becoming an issue in the process of tunnel design. In this study, to assess tunnels in construction and operation phases, the matrix method, through which the “Impacting Factors” and “Environmental Components” are determined, is also outlined. The affected environment was divided into thirteen components, such as Ecology, Surface water, Air quality, etc. In this paper, matrix method was applied to evaluate the impact of tunneling in three typical tunnels and compare them with standard diagrams of Environmental Components that were derived and introduced. These tunnels were: Urban Utility tunnel in Tehran, Eurasia tunnel in Istanbul and Tsuen Wan drainage tunnel in Hong Kong. Based on the acquired results, the present paper finally concluded that among three cases, Tsuen Wan drainage tunnel affects the environment in construction phase more than others, while Eurasia tunnel effects on air quality are more significant in operation phase.
