Two soluble isomerized polyimides（PIs） synthesized from 2,2＇-bis（3,4-dicarboxyphenyl）hexafluoropropane dianhydride（6FDA） with either 2,2＇-dimethylbenzidine（2,2＇-DMB） or 3,3＇-DMB were investigated by means ...Two soluble isomerized polyimides（PIs） synthesized from 2,2＇-bis（3,4-dicarboxyphenyl）hexafluoropropane dianhydride（6FDA） with either 2,2＇-dimethylbenzidine（2,2＇-DMB） or 3,3＇-DMB were investigated by means of size-exclusion chromatography coupled with multi-angle laser light scattering,a viscometer and a refractive index detector in tetrahydrofuran（THF） with tetrabutylammonium bromide（TBAB） at 35 ℃.The corresponding parameters related to conformations α and ν,evaluated from the scaling relationships [η]=K η M α and R g =K g M ν,respectively,were 0.66±0.01 and 0.55±0.02 for poly（6FDA/3,3＇-DMB）,and 0.67±0.01 and 0.56±0.01 for poly（6FDA/2,2＇-DMB）,indicating a random coil conformation for both the samples in this mobile system.The persistence length l p and shift factor M L（relative molecular weight per unit contour length） were estimated from the relationship between intrinsic viscosity and molecular weight for the wormlike cylinder model proposed by Bohdanecky.Both l p and M L showed that the two PIs in THF are flexible chains and exhibit some local rigidity to some extent.展开更多
To establish practical,evidence-based strategies for noninvasive assessment and referral of patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)in Japan,we must address the urgent clinical nee...To establish practical,evidence-based strategies for noninvasive assessment and referral of patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)in Japan,we must address the urgent clinical need for accurate risk stratification and timely specialist intervention.A panel of 11 Japanese hepatology experts conducted a modified Delphi process to evaluate consensus recommendations regarding the use of noninvasive tests(NITs),including the fibrosis-4 index,enhanced liver fibrosis test,Mac-2-binding protein glycosylation isomer,type IV collagen 7S,cytokeratin-18 fragments,and imaging modalities such as ultrasound elastography and magnetic resonance elastography,for MASLD assessment and clinical referral.Practical algorithms were developed based on current Japanese data and panel consensus.The expert panel validated the utility of NITs as reliable tools for identifying patients with MASLD at risk for advanced fibrosis.Sequential use of NITs improved diagnostic accuracy and referral appropriateness while minimizing unnecessary specialist consultations.The proposed algorithms offer stepwise guidance for primary care physicians,supporting efficient,evidence-based decisionmaking.However,prospective longitudinal studies remain necessary for full prognostic validation of NITs in MASLD management.Noninvasive testing algorithms enable effective risk stratification and referral for MASLD in real-world Japanese practice with anticipated benefit for patient outcomes and healthcare systems.Broader adoption and further validation are warranted.展开更多
Reaction of 1,3-cyclohexadiene(tricarbonyl)iron I with aryllithium, ArLi (Ar=C_6H_(53)-m-, p-CH_3C_6H_4, p-CH_3OC_6H_4, p-CF_3C_6H_4), in ether at low temperature, followed by subsequent alkylstion of the acylmetalate...Reaction of 1,3-cyclohexadiene(tricarbonyl)iron I with aryllithium, ArLi (Ar=C_6H_(53)-m-, p-CH_3C_6H_4, p-CH_3OC_6H_4, p-CF_3C_6H_4), in ether at low temperature, followed by subsequent alkylstion of the acylmetalates formed with Et_3OBF_4 in aqueous solution at 0°G gave 5 crystalline compounds with the compositions of C_6H_8(CO)_2FeC(OC_2H_5)Ar Ⅱ—Ⅵ formulated as isomerized products of cyclohexadiene(dicarbonyl)[ethoxy(aryl)earbene]iron complexes based on elemental analyses, spectral studies and single crystal X-ray structure determination. The results from syntheses, spectroscopic experiments and X-ray diffraction are reported, and a possible reaction mechanism is tentatively proposed in this paper.展开更多
Only a few fused benzothiadizole(BTz)based conjugated polymers have been applied in organic field-effect transistors(OFETs),and their performances were low,mainly due to the lack of available building blocks and in-de...Only a few fused benzothiadizole(BTz)based conjugated polymers have been applied in organic field-effect transistors(OFETs),and their performances were low,mainly due to the lack of available building blocks and in-depth study of the relationship between structure and performance.Herein,we report two isomeric fused BTz-based building blocks(M1 and M2)and their copolymers PBTzVBTz-T and PBTzVBTz-TT,PTVT-T and PTVT-TT.DFT study showed all polymers had nearly planar backbone geometries,and PBTzVBTz-TT exhibited the most linear backbone.PTVT-T and PTVT-TT exhibited red-shift absorption spectra and deeper LUMO level than those of PBTzVBTz-T and PBTzVBTz-TT.Thin film microstructure study demonstrated PBTzVBTz-TT and PTVT-TT had edge-on molecular orientation,while the others had the mixed molecular orientation of edge-on and face-on.Furthermore,PBTzVBTz-TT had the longest coherence length in thin film.All these features of PBTzVBTz-TT resulted in its highest carrier mobility of 0.1 cm^(2)·V^(–1)·s^(–1) among these polymers.展开更多
Six coordination polymers based on 9,10-di(pyridine-4-yl)-anthracene(DPA)and 1,6-di(1H-imidazol-1-yl)pyrene(DIP)were obtained by solvothermal reactions.{[Zn(DPA)Cl_(2)]·DMF·2H_(2)O}n(1)and{[Zn_(1.5)(DPA)_(1....Six coordination polymers based on 9,10-di(pyridine-4-yl)-anthracene(DPA)and 1,6-di(1H-imidazol-1-yl)pyrene(DIP)were obtained by solvothermal reactions.{[Zn(DPA)Cl_(2)]·DMF·2H_(2)O}n(1)and{[Zn_(1.5)(DPA)_(1.5)Cl_(3)]·5H_(2)O}n(2)are framework isomers,which both contain zigzag chains formed by DPA,Zn^(2+),and Cl-.The zigzag chains in 1 are further assembled by C—H…Cl interactions into layers,and these layers exhibit two different orientations,displaying a rare 2D to 3D interpenetration mode.The zigzag chains in 2 are parallelly arranged.{[Zn_(3)(DPA)_(3)Br_(6)]·2DMF·_(1.5)H_(2)O}n(3)is isostructural to 2.3 was obtained using ZnBr_(2)instead of ZnCl_(2).[M(DPA)(formate)_(2)(H_(2)O)_(2)]n[M=Co(4),Cu(5)]are isostructural,contain chain structures formed by DPA,Cu^(2+)/Co^(2+),and for-mate ions,which were formed in situ in the solvothermal reaction.{[Zn(DIP)_(2)Cl]ClO_(4)}n(6)contains a layer structure formed by DIP and Zn^(2+).Free DPA and DIP ligands exhibited high fluorescence at room temperature,and coordina-tion polymers 3 and 6 displayed enhanced fluorescent emissions.展开更多
Fully utilizing renewable biomass energy is important for saving energy,reducing carbon emissions,and mitigating climate change.As the main hydrolysate of cellulose,a primary component of lignocellulose,glucose could ...Fully utilizing renewable biomass energy is important for saving energy,reducing carbon emissions,and mitigating climate change.As the main hydrolysate of cellulose,a primary component of lignocellulose,glucose could be employed as a starting material to prepare some other functional derivatives for improving the value of biomass resources.The isomerization of glucose to produce fructose is an important intermediate process during numerous high-value-added chemical preparations.Therefore,the development of efficient and selective catalysts for glucose isomerization is of great significance.Currently,glucose isomerase catalysts are limited by the harsh conditions required for microbial activity,which restricts further improvements in fructose yield.Additionally,heterogeneous Bronsted-base and Lewis-acid catalysts commonly employed in chemical isomerization methods often lead to the formation of undesirable by-products,resulting in reduced selectivity toward fructose.This study has demonstrated that lithium-loaded heterogeneous catalysts possess excellent isomerization capabilities under mild conditions.A highly efficient Li-C_(3)N_(4) catalyst was developed,achieving a fructose selectivity of 99.9% and a yield of 42.6% at 60℃ within 1.0 h-comparable to the performance of the enzymatic method.Characterization using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),X-ray diffraction(XRD),proton nuclear magnetic resonance(^(1)H NMR),and inductively coupled plasma(ICP)analyses confirmed that lithium was stably incorporated into the g-C_(3)N_(4) framework through the formation of Li-N bonds.Further investigations using CO_(2) temperature-programmed desorption(CO_(2)-TPD),in situ Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR)and 7Li magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance(^(7)Li MAS NMR)indicated that the isomerization proceeded via a base-catalyzed mechanism.The Li species were found to interact with hydroxyl groups generated through hydrolysis and simultaneously coordinated with nitrogen atoms in the C_(3)N_(4) matrix,resulting in the formation of Li-N_(6)-H_(2)O active sites.These active sites facilitated the deprotonation of glucose to form an enolate intermediate,followed by a proton transfer step that generated fructose.This mechanism not only improved the efficiency of fructose production but also provided valuable insight into the catalytic role of lithium within the isomerization process.展开更多
Nuclear excitation by electron capture(NEEC)is a fundamental process in nuclear physics.Despite its theoretical framework established nearly half a century ago,the experimental confirmation of NEEC remains elusive bec...Nuclear excitation by electron capture(NEEC)is a fundamental process in nuclear physics.Despite its theoretical framework established nearly half a century ago,the experimental confirmation of NEEC remains elusive because of significant technical challenges.A notable effort to validate NEEC experimentally involved the enhanced ^(93m)Mo isomer-depletion experiment,which was ultimately hindered by substantial noise interference.This mini-review provides a brief historical overview of NEEC studies and explores the role of NEEC processes in astrophysical environments and laser-induced plasmas.Several platforms have been proposed to facilitate the observation of NEEC,including traditional cooling-storage rings,ion accelerators,and electron beam ion traps.These approaches aim to enhance the nuclear excitation rate,thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio.In addition,the employment of exotic vortex beams is discussed as a potential methodological approach to address these challenges.展开更多
In this study,a pair of dicarboxylic acids as cis-trans isomerism—citraconic acid(CA)and mesaconic acid(MA),was incorporated into polymeric networks of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)(PNIPAM)-based core-shell microgels v...In this study,a pair of dicarboxylic acids as cis-trans isomerism—citraconic acid(CA)and mesaconic acid(MA),was incorporated into polymeric networks of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)(PNIPAM)-based core-shell microgels via semi-batch precipitation polymerization.We demonstrated that the pH-temperature dual responsiveness of the core-shell microgels is highly correlated with the structure and position of the acid isomers.Both the cis-trans molecular structure and the crosslinking position of the dicarboxylic acids significantly influenced the hydration capacity and surface charge density of the core-shell microgels.These diverse properties first influenced the swelling behavior,further affecting the interfacial behavior of the microgels,including the oil-water dynamic interfacial tension and air-water compression isotherms.Furthermore,the rheological behavior of the microgel suspensions also displayed distinct dependences on the frequency and temperature,illustrating that the cis-trans molecular structure and crosslinked position of the dicarboxylic acids also significantly influenced the interparticle clustering in the bulk solution.Our results suggest that the pH sensitivity of the cis-trans dicarboxylic acid isomer affects the ionization and surface charge distribution of the core or shell layers of individual microgels,which further determines the interparticle interaction and cooperative rearrangement at interfaces and in the bulk.展开更多
Binuclear complexes have attracted extensive attention in fields such as catalysis because of their likely bimetallic synergistic effect;however,the mechanism and factors influencing this synergism remain unclear.In t...Binuclear complexes have attracted extensive attention in fields such as catalysis because of their likely bimetallic synergistic effect;however,the mechanism and factors influencing this synergism remain unclear.In this work,six bis-β-ketoimine binuclear titanium complexes4a-4f containing different alkylthio sidearms and configurations were synthesized and characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectrum(~1H-NMR),nuclear magnetic resonance carbon spectrum(^(13)C-NMR),Fourier transform infrared spectrum(FTIR),and elemental analysis.The intermetallic distances of isomeric complexes 4a,4d,4e and 4f determined through density functional theory(DFT)optimization were in the order 4a<4d<4e<4f and were found to significantly influence the catalytic performance for ethylene(co)polymerization.These complexes could efficiently catalyze ethylene polymerization and ethylene/1-hexene or ethylene/1-octene copolymerization with high activity to produce highmolecular-weight ethylene homo-and co-polymers.Among the three binuclear titanium complexes 4a-4c with similar structures but different lengths of alkylthio sidearms,complex 4a,which contained the shortest methylthio sidearm,exhibited the highest activity for ethylene polymerization and copolymerization with 1-hexene or 1-octene.Additionally,for ethylene/1-hexene or ethylene/1-octene copolymerization,it showed the highest comonomer incorporation compared with propylthio(4b)and octylthio(4c)derivatives because of the smaller steric hindrance of the methyl group in 4a and the more open coordination space for vinyl monomers.Furthermore,among the isomeric complexes 4a,4d,4e and4f,complex 4a with the shortest bimetallic distance also exhibited the highest activity towards ethylene(co)polymerization,and the highest 1-hexene or 1-octene incorporation in comparison with its regioisomeric counterparts 4d,4e and p-phenyl-bridged analog 4f,owing to a more appropriate bimetallic distance that is conducive to a synergistic effect.展开更多
Double bonds of internal olefins can be efficiently migrated to the terminal carbons and regioselectively hydroesterified with formates in the presence of Pd(OAc)_(2) and 1,2-DTBPMB under mild reaction conditions,prov...Double bonds of internal olefins can be efficiently migrated to the terminal carbons and regioselectively hydroesterified with formates in the presence of Pd(OAc)_(2) and 1,2-DTBPMB under mild reaction conditions,providing a wide variety of corresponding linear carboxylic esters bearing various functional groups in good yields and>20:1 linear/branch ratios.The reaction is optionally simple and does not need to use CO gas and acid co-catalysts.展开更多
Organic additives with multiple functional groups have shown great promise in improving the performance and stability of perovskite solar cells.The functional groups can passivate undercoordinated ions to reduce nonra...Organic additives with multiple functional groups have shown great promise in improving the performance and stability of perovskite solar cells.The functional groups can passivate undercoordinated ions to reduce nonradiative recombination losses.However,how these groups synergistically affect the enhancement beyond passivation is still unclear.Specifically,isomeric molecules with different substitution patterns or molecular shapes remain elusive in designing new organic additives.Here,we report two isomeric carbazolyl bisphosphonate additives,2,7-Cz BP and 3,6-Cz BP.The isomerism effect on passivation and charge transport process was studied.The two molecules have similar passivation effects through multiple interactions,e.g.,P=O···Pb,P=O···H–N and N–H···I.2,7-CzBP can further bridge the perovskite crystallites to facilitates charge transport.Power conversion efficiencies(PCEs)of 25.88%and 21.04%were achieved for 0.09 cm^(2)devices and 14 cm^(2)modules after 2,7-Cz BP treatment,respectively.The devices exhibited enhanced operational stability maintaining 95%of initial PCE after 1000 h of continuous maximum power point tracking.This study of isomerism effect hints at the importance of tuning substitution positions and molecular shapes for organic additives,which paves the way for innovation of next-generation multifunctional aromatic additives.展开更多
In recent years,the ternary strategy of adding a vip molecule to the active layer has been proven to be effective for improving the performance of organic solar cells(OSCs).Isomerization engineering of the vip mol...In recent years,the ternary strategy of adding a vip molecule to the active layer has been proven to be effective for improving the performance of organic solar cells(OSCs).Isomerization engineering of the vip molecule is a simple method to increase the amount of promising material,but there are only limited reports,and the structure-property relationships are still unclear.In this work,we synthesized three isomers named BTA5-F-o,BTA5-F-m,and BTA5-F-p,with different fluorine substitution positions,to study the influence of isomerization on the photovoltaic performance.After introducing them as the third components to the classic host system PM6:Y6,all three ternary devices showed improved power conversion efficiency(PCEs)compared to the binary system(PCE of 17.46%).The ternary OSCs based on BTA5-F-o achieved a champion PCE of 19.11%,while BTA5-F-m and BTA5-F-p realized PCEs of 18.65%and 18.45%,respectively.Mechanism studies have shown that the dipole moment of the BTA5-F-o end group is closer to that of the Y6 end group,despite the three isomers with almost identical energy levels and optical properties.It is indicated that the electron attraction ability of BTA5-F-o best matches that of Y6,which leads to the higher charge mobility,less charge recombination,and stronger exciton dissociation and extraction ability in the ternary blend system.This study suggests that rationally adjusting the position of substituents in the terminal group can be an effective way to construct nonfullerene vip acceptors to achieve highly efficient ternary OSCs.展开更多
BACKGROUND Cirrhosis is a progressive condition characterized by fibrosis that can lead to severe complications and increased mortality.The mac-2 binding protein glyco-sylation isomer(M2BPGi)is a prominent biomarker f...BACKGROUND Cirrhosis is a progressive condition characterized by fibrosis that can lead to severe complications and increased mortality.The mac-2 binding protein glyco-sylation isomer(M2BPGi)is a prominent biomarker for predicting hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and cirrhosis-induced esophageal varices(EV).AIM To investigate thresholds of M2BPGi associated with HCC,EV,and decomp-ensation in patients with cirrhosis.METHODS This was a prospective study.A total of 153 patients with cirrhosis who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled.The patients were diagnosed with HCC and EV according to the Baveno VII and European Association for the Study of the Liver guidelines.Baseline serum M2BPGi levels were assessed along with other routine tests.The data analysis aimed to determine the cutoff values of M2BPGi for pre-dicting EV and HCC.RESULTS In the study 85.6%of patients were Child-Pugh B and C.M2BPGi mean cutoff index was 7.1±3.7,showing no significant etiological differences.However,M2BPGi levels varied significantly among Child-Pugh classes,EV classifications,and between patients with and without HCC(P<0.01).M2BPGi cutoff values for predicting HCC,EV,and decompensated cirrhosis were 6.50,6.64,and 5.25,respectively.Mul-tivariate analysis confirmed M2BPGi as an independent risk factor for EV[adjusted odds ratio(aOR):1.3,95%CI:1.08-1.64]and liver decompensation(aOR:2.11,95%CI:1.37-3.83).Area under the curve of M2BPGi for HCC differ-entiation was 0.71.An algorithm combining alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)and M2BPGi detected 26 of 28 HCC cases with 98.04%accuracy vs 10 cases by AFP alone.CONCLUSION Serum M2BPGi predicted cirrhosis complications,including decompensation and varices,especially in HCC.Combined with AFP,it enhanced HCC detection.Future liver biopsy studies are needed for tissue confirmation.展开更多
We propose a novel scheme for the population and depletion of nuclear isomers.This scheme combines the γ photons with energiesà 10 keV emitted during the interaction of a contemporary high-intensity laser pulse ...We propose a novel scheme for the population and depletion of nuclear isomers.This scheme combines the γ photons with energiesà 10 keV emitted during the interaction of a contemporary high-intensity laser pulse with a plasma and one or multiple photon beams supplied by intense lasers.Owing to nonlinear effects,two-or multiphoton absorption dominates over the conventional multistep one-photon process for an optimized γ flash.Moreover,this nonlinear effect can be greatly enhanced with the help of externally supplied low-energy photons coming from another laser.These low-energy photons act such that the effective cross-section experienced by the γ photons becomes tunable,growing with the intensity I_(0) of the beam.Assuming I_(0)~10^(18) W·cm^(-2) for the photon beam,an effective cross-section as large as 10^(-21)-10^(-28) cm^(2) for the γ photons can be achieved.Thus,with state-of-the-art 10 PW laser facilities,the yields from two-photon absorption can reach 10^(6)-10^(9) isomers per shot for selected states that are separated from their ground state by E2 transitions.Similar yields for transitions with higher multipolarities can be accommodated by multiphoton absorption with additional photons provided.展开更多
High multipole electromagnetic transitions are rare in nature.The highest-multipole transition observed in atomic nuclei is the electric hexacontatetrapole E6 transition from the T_(1/2)=2.54(2)-min J^(π)=1_(9/2)-iso...High multipole electromagnetic transitions are rare in nature.The highest-multipole transition observed in atomic nuclei is the electric hexacontatetrapole E6 transition from the T_(1/2)=2.54(2)-min J^(π)=1_(9/2)-isomer to the 7/2^(-)ground state in^(53)Fe with an angular momentum change of six units.In the present work,we performed ab initio calculations for this unique case by employing chiral effective field theory(EFT)forces.The in-medium similarity renormalization group is used to derive the valence-space effective Hamiltonian and multipolar transition operators.Bare nucleon charges were used in all the multipolar transition rate calculations,providing good agreement with the experimental data.The valence space takes the full fp shell.In^(53)Fe,the low-lying states were dominated by the 0f_(7/2)component.Two different versions of the chiral EFT two-plus three-nucleon interaction were used to test the dependence on the interaction used.We also tested the convergence of the transition rate calculations against the harmonic oscillator parameter hΩand basis truncations e_(max)and E_(3max)for twoand three-nucleon forces,respectively.展开更多
BACKGROUND Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer(M2BPGi)serves as a marker of activated hepatic stellate cells and as such holds potential as a biomarker for liver fibrosis.In Viet Nam,metabolic dysfunction-assoc...BACKGROUND Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer(M2BPGi)serves as a marker of activated hepatic stellate cells and as such holds potential as a biomarker for liver fibrosis.In Viet Nam,metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)is rising in prevalence and there is an urgent need for better clinical management,particularly in early detection methods that will improve overall prognosis.AIM To examine M2BPGi cut-off values for staging liver fibrosis in patients with MASLD and risk factors associated with disease progression.METHODS A total of 301 individuals with ultrasound-confirmed or FibroScan-confirmed diagnosis of fatty liver were enrolled in the study.The participants were stratified according to fibrosis stage,measured via magnetic resonance elastography.M2-BPGi,Fibrosis-4(FIB-4)Index score,and routine parameters of liver function were assessed to statistically investigate the correlation of M2BPGi levels in various fibrosis stages and to identify risk factors associated with fibrosis severity.RESULTS M2BPGi levels positively correlated with fibrosis stages,with cut-off indexes of 0.57 for F0-1,0.68 for F2-3,and 0.78 for F4.M2BPGi levels in the F0-1 group were significantly different from those in both the F2-3 group(P=0.038)and the F4 group(P=0.0051);the F2-3 and F4 groups did not show a significant difference(P=0.39).Females exhibited significantly higher M2BPGi levels than males for all fibrosis stages,particularly in the F2-3 group(P=0.01)and F4 group(P=0.0006).In the F4(cirrhosis)group,individuals with diabetes had significantly higher M2BPGi levels than those without.M2BPGi,hemoglobin A1c,and FIB-4 score were identified as independent risk factors for greater fibrosis and cirrhosis.CONCLUSION M2BPGi levels varied significantly throughout fibrosis progression,from early MASLD to cirrhosis,with sex correlation.M2BPGi holds promise as an early biomarker for fibrosis characterization in MASLD adult patient populations.展开更多
The process of deep hydrodesulfurization(HDS)in gasoline typically results in the saturation of olefins,leading to significant reductions in octane number.In this work,Y-supported Co(Ni)-Mo catalysts that with differe...The process of deep hydrodesulfurization(HDS)in gasoline typically results in the saturation of olefins,leading to significant reductions in octane number.In this work,Y-supported Co(Ni)-Mo catalysts that with different Ni-Co content were prepared by the incipient wetness impregnation method,the structure and properties were characterized and analyzed using HRTEM,XPS,H_(2)-TPR,and NH_(3)-TPD.The isomerization of 1-hexene and 1-octene as well as the HDS of thiophene were studied by using model FCC naphtha.The incorporation of Ni was found to enhance the number of MoS_(2) stacking layers,thereby improving the degree of sulfurization in Mo and subsequently increasing the desulfurization rate,with a maximum achieved desulfurization rate of 94.7%.When employing a Ni/Co ratio of 3:2,optimal synergy between Ni and Co is achieved,resulting in a greater presence of multi-layer stacked II-Co(Ni)MoS active phases.Additionally,appropriate Brønsted acidity levels are maintained to facilitate efficient olefin isomerization while preserving high HDS activity.As a result,the current isomerization yield stands at 58.2%(mass).These understandings shed light on the development of highly HDS and olefin isomerization catalysts.展开更多
The synthesis of Ta-substituted polyoxometalates has always been an attractive but challenging goal.Three novel tantalum-containing 12-tungsto-2-phosphates were successfully prepared using the water bath method.The mo...The synthesis of Ta-substituted polyoxometalates has always been an attractive but challenging goal.Three novel tantalum-containing 12-tungsto-2-phosphates were successfully prepared using the water bath method.The monomer,K_(11)Li[P_(2)W_(12)(TaO_(2))_(6)O_(56)]·19H_(2)O(1),is composed of{P_(2)W_(12)}and 6{Ta(O_(2))}building blocks,similar to[P_(2)W_(12)(NbO_(2))_(6)O_(56)]^(12-).Monomer 1 polymerized to form two cis-trans dimers,K1_(3)Li_(6)H-cis-[P_(2)W_(12)Ta_(4)(TaO_(2))_(2)O_(59)]_(2)·61H_(2)O(2)and KNa_(3)Li_(4)H_(12)-trans-[P_(2)W_(12)Ta_(4)(TaO_(2))_(2)O_(59)]_(2)·37H_(2)O(3).Compounds 1-3 can serve as a structural motif to manufacture additional fascinating molecular clusters,promoting the advancement of POM chemistry.In contrast to[P_(2)W_(12)(NbO_(2))_(6)O_(56)]^(12-),compound 1 exhibits exceptional stability,evidenced by ESI-MS,IR,and NMR spectroscopy.In addition,2 and 3 exhibit high proton conductivity and superior water adsorption properties.展开更多
Aim To synthesize trans and cis-3, 4′, 5-trihydroxystilbene by a new convenient route. Methods The reaction of 3, 5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde （3） and 4-methoxy phenylacetonitrile （4） formed the stilbene skeleton. Aft...Aim To synthesize trans and cis-3, 4′, 5-trihydroxystilbene by a new convenient route. Methods The reaction of 3, 5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde （3） and 4-methoxy phenylacetonitrile （4） formed the stilbene skeleton. After hydrolyzation, decarboxylation, and demethylation, we obtained trans-3, 4′, 5-trihydroxystilbene （resveratrol）, which can be converted to its cis-isomer by photochemical isomerization. Results Starting from 3 and 4, trans and cis-3, 4′, 5-trihydroxystilbene were synthesized, respectively. Conclusion A facile method for the synthesis of trans and cis-hydroxystilbenes from readily available materials was established.展开更多
A natural attapulgite （ATP）‐based catalyst, sulfated In2O3‐ATP （SO42-/In2O3‐ATP）, was obtained by an impregnation‐calcination method and was used to efficiently and selectively produce the useful platform chem...A natural attapulgite （ATP）‐based catalyst, sulfated In2O3‐ATP （SO42-/In2O3‐ATP）, was obtained by an impregnation‐calcination method and was used to efficiently and selectively produce the useful platform chemical 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural （HMF） from hexoses. Some important reaction param‐eters were studied, revealing that Lewis and Br-nsted acid sites on SO42-/In2O3‐ATP catalyze glu‐cose isomerization and fructose dehydration. The yields of HMF from glucose and fructose were 40.2%and 46.2%, respectively, using the optimal conditions of 180℃ for 60 min with 10 wt%of solid acid catalyst in a mixture of γ‐valerolactone‐water （9：1）.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20674085)the Funds for Creative Researth Groups of China(No.50921062)the Project of Bureau of Science and Technology of Jilin Province,China(No.20101535)
文摘Two soluble isomerized polyimides（PIs） synthesized from 2,2＇-bis（3,4-dicarboxyphenyl）hexafluoropropane dianhydride（6FDA） with either 2,2＇-dimethylbenzidine（2,2＇-DMB） or 3,3＇-DMB were investigated by means of size-exclusion chromatography coupled with multi-angle laser light scattering,a viscometer and a refractive index detector in tetrahydrofuran（THF） with tetrabutylammonium bromide（TBAB） at 35 ℃.The corresponding parameters related to conformations α and ν,evaluated from the scaling relationships [η]=K η M α and R g =K g M ν,respectively,were 0.66±0.01 and 0.55±0.02 for poly（6FDA/3,3＇-DMB）,and 0.67±0.01 and 0.56±0.01 for poly（6FDA/2,2＇-DMB）,indicating a random coil conformation for both the samples in this mobile system.The persistence length l p and shift factor M L（relative molecular weight per unit contour length） were estimated from the relationship between intrinsic viscosity and molecular weight for the wormlike cylinder model proposed by Bohdanecky.Both l p and M L showed that the two PIs in THF are flexible chains and exhibit some local rigidity to some extent.
基金Supported by Japan Society for the Promotion of Science KAKENHI,No.25K11274.
文摘To establish practical,evidence-based strategies for noninvasive assessment and referral of patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)in Japan,we must address the urgent clinical need for accurate risk stratification and timely specialist intervention.A panel of 11 Japanese hepatology experts conducted a modified Delphi process to evaluate consensus recommendations regarding the use of noninvasive tests(NITs),including the fibrosis-4 index,enhanced liver fibrosis test,Mac-2-binding protein glycosylation isomer,type IV collagen 7S,cytokeratin-18 fragments,and imaging modalities such as ultrasound elastography and magnetic resonance elastography,for MASLD assessment and clinical referral.Practical algorithms were developed based on current Japanese data and panel consensus.The expert panel validated the utility of NITs as reliable tools for identifying patients with MASLD at risk for advanced fibrosis.Sequential use of NITs improved diagnostic accuracy and referral appropriateness while minimizing unnecessary specialist consultations.The proposed algorithms offer stepwise guidance for primary care physicians,supporting efficient,evidence-based decisionmaking.However,prospective longitudinal studies remain necessary for full prognostic validation of NITs in MASLD management.Noninvasive testing algorithms enable effective risk stratification and referral for MASLD in real-world Japanese practice with anticipated benefit for patient outcomes and healthcare systems.Broader adoption and further validation are warranted.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Reaction of 1,3-cyclohexadiene(tricarbonyl)iron I with aryllithium, ArLi (Ar=C_6H_(53)-m-, p-CH_3C_6H_4, p-CH_3OC_6H_4, p-CF_3C_6H_4), in ether at low temperature, followed by subsequent alkylstion of the acylmetalates formed with Et_3OBF_4 in aqueous solution at 0°G gave 5 crystalline compounds with the compositions of C_6H_8(CO)_2FeC(OC_2H_5)Ar Ⅱ—Ⅵ formulated as isomerized products of cyclohexadiene(dicarbonyl)[ethoxy(aryl)earbene]iron complexes based on elemental analyses, spectral studies and single crystal X-ray structure determination. The results from syntheses, spectroscopic experiments and X-ray diffraction are reported, and a possible reaction mechanism is tentatively proposed in this paper.
基金The authors are grateful to the National Key Research and Development Program(2018YFA0703200)the National Nat-ural Science Foundation of China(No.21975176).
文摘Only a few fused benzothiadizole(BTz)based conjugated polymers have been applied in organic field-effect transistors(OFETs),and their performances were low,mainly due to the lack of available building blocks and in-depth study of the relationship between structure and performance.Herein,we report two isomeric fused BTz-based building blocks(M1 and M2)and their copolymers PBTzVBTz-T and PBTzVBTz-TT,PTVT-T and PTVT-TT.DFT study showed all polymers had nearly planar backbone geometries,and PBTzVBTz-TT exhibited the most linear backbone.PTVT-T and PTVT-TT exhibited red-shift absorption spectra and deeper LUMO level than those of PBTzVBTz-T and PBTzVBTz-TT.Thin film microstructure study demonstrated PBTzVBTz-TT and PTVT-TT had edge-on molecular orientation,while the others had the mixed molecular orientation of edge-on and face-on.Furthermore,PBTzVBTz-TT had the longest coherence length in thin film.All these features of PBTzVBTz-TT resulted in its highest carrier mobility of 0.1 cm^(2)·V^(–1)·s^(–1) among these polymers.
文摘Six coordination polymers based on 9,10-di(pyridine-4-yl)-anthracene(DPA)and 1,6-di(1H-imidazol-1-yl)pyrene(DIP)were obtained by solvothermal reactions.{[Zn(DPA)Cl_(2)]·DMF·2H_(2)O}n(1)and{[Zn_(1.5)(DPA)_(1.5)Cl_(3)]·5H_(2)O}n(2)are framework isomers,which both contain zigzag chains formed by DPA,Zn^(2+),and Cl-.The zigzag chains in 1 are further assembled by C—H…Cl interactions into layers,and these layers exhibit two different orientations,displaying a rare 2D to 3D interpenetration mode.The zigzag chains in 2 are parallelly arranged.{[Zn_(3)(DPA)_(3)Br_(6)]·2DMF·_(1.5)H_(2)O}n(3)is isostructural to 2.3 was obtained using ZnBr_(2)instead of ZnCl_(2).[M(DPA)(formate)_(2)(H_(2)O)_(2)]n[M=Co(4),Cu(5)]are isostructural,contain chain structures formed by DPA,Cu^(2+)/Co^(2+),and for-mate ions,which were formed in situ in the solvothermal reaction.{[Zn(DIP)_(2)Cl]ClO_(4)}n(6)contains a layer structure formed by DIP and Zn^(2+).Free DPA and DIP ligands exhibited high fluorescence at room temperature,and coordina-tion polymers 3 and 6 displayed enhanced fluorescent emissions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22278419)the Key Core Technology Research(Social Development)Foundation of Suzhou(2023ss06)the Suzhou National Joint Laboratory for Green and Low-carbon Wastewater Treatment and Resource Utilization Technology,Suzhou University of Science and Technology(SZLSDT202404).
文摘Fully utilizing renewable biomass energy is important for saving energy,reducing carbon emissions,and mitigating climate change.As the main hydrolysate of cellulose,a primary component of lignocellulose,glucose could be employed as a starting material to prepare some other functional derivatives for improving the value of biomass resources.The isomerization of glucose to produce fructose is an important intermediate process during numerous high-value-added chemical preparations.Therefore,the development of efficient and selective catalysts for glucose isomerization is of great significance.Currently,glucose isomerase catalysts are limited by the harsh conditions required for microbial activity,which restricts further improvements in fructose yield.Additionally,heterogeneous Bronsted-base and Lewis-acid catalysts commonly employed in chemical isomerization methods often lead to the formation of undesirable by-products,resulting in reduced selectivity toward fructose.This study has demonstrated that lithium-loaded heterogeneous catalysts possess excellent isomerization capabilities under mild conditions.A highly efficient Li-C_(3)N_(4) catalyst was developed,achieving a fructose selectivity of 99.9% and a yield of 42.6% at 60℃ within 1.0 h-comparable to the performance of the enzymatic method.Characterization using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),X-ray diffraction(XRD),proton nuclear magnetic resonance(^(1)H NMR),and inductively coupled plasma(ICP)analyses confirmed that lithium was stably incorporated into the g-C_(3)N_(4) framework through the formation of Li-N bonds.Further investigations using CO_(2) temperature-programmed desorption(CO_(2)-TPD),in situ Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR)and 7Li magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance(^(7)Li MAS NMR)indicated that the isomerization proceeded via a base-catalyzed mechanism.The Li species were found to interact with hydroxyl groups generated through hydrolysis and simultaneously coordinated with nitrogen atoms in the C_(3)N_(4) matrix,resulting in the formation of Li-N_(6)-H_(2)O active sites.These active sites facilitated the deprotonation of glucose to form an enolate intermediate,followed by a proton transfer step that generated fructose.This mechanism not only improved the efficiency of fructose production but also provided valuable insight into the catalytic role of lithium within the isomerization process.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2023YFA1606900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(No.12235003&12447106).
文摘Nuclear excitation by electron capture(NEEC)is a fundamental process in nuclear physics.Despite its theoretical framework established nearly half a century ago,the experimental confirmation of NEEC remains elusive because of significant technical challenges.A notable effort to validate NEEC experimentally involved the enhanced ^(93m)Mo isomer-depletion experiment,which was ultimately hindered by substantial noise interference.This mini-review provides a brief historical overview of NEEC studies and explores the role of NEEC processes in astrophysical environments and laser-induced plasmas.Several platforms have been proposed to facilitate the observation of NEEC,including traditional cooling-storage rings,ion accelerators,and electron beam ion traps.These approaches aim to enhance the nuclear excitation rate,thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio.In addition,the employment of exotic vortex beams is discussed as a potential methodological approach to address these challenges.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22303033)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.JUSRP123017)+1 种基金Wuxi“Taihu Light”Science and Technology Project-Basic Research(No.K20231063)the Research Matching Grant Scheme at CUHK(No.8601309)。
文摘In this study,a pair of dicarboxylic acids as cis-trans isomerism—citraconic acid(CA)and mesaconic acid(MA),was incorporated into polymeric networks of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)(PNIPAM)-based core-shell microgels via semi-batch precipitation polymerization.We demonstrated that the pH-temperature dual responsiveness of the core-shell microgels is highly correlated with the structure and position of the acid isomers.Both the cis-trans molecular structure and the crosslinking position of the dicarboxylic acids significantly influenced the hydration capacity and surface charge density of the core-shell microgels.These diverse properties first influenced the swelling behavior,further affecting the interfacial behavior of the microgels,including the oil-water dynamic interfacial tension and air-water compression isotherms.Furthermore,the rheological behavior of the microgel suspensions also displayed distinct dependences on the frequency and temperature,illustrating that the cis-trans molecular structure and crosslinked position of the dicarboxylic acids also significantly influenced the interparticle clustering in the bulk solution.Our results suggest that the pH sensitivity of the cis-trans dicarboxylic acid isomer affects the ionization and surface charge distribution of the core or shell layers of individual microgels,which further determines the interparticle interaction and cooperative rearrangement at interfaces and in the bulk.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21172269)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,SouthCentral Minzu University(No.CZH24005)。
文摘Binuclear complexes have attracted extensive attention in fields such as catalysis because of their likely bimetallic synergistic effect;however,the mechanism and factors influencing this synergism remain unclear.In this work,six bis-β-ketoimine binuclear titanium complexes4a-4f containing different alkylthio sidearms and configurations were synthesized and characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectrum(~1H-NMR),nuclear magnetic resonance carbon spectrum(^(13)C-NMR),Fourier transform infrared spectrum(FTIR),and elemental analysis.The intermetallic distances of isomeric complexes 4a,4d,4e and 4f determined through density functional theory(DFT)optimization were in the order 4a<4d<4e<4f and were found to significantly influence the catalytic performance for ethylene(co)polymerization.These complexes could efficiently catalyze ethylene polymerization and ethylene/1-hexene or ethylene/1-octene copolymerization with high activity to produce highmolecular-weight ethylene homo-and co-polymers.Among the three binuclear titanium complexes 4a-4c with similar structures but different lengths of alkylthio sidearms,complex 4a,which contained the shortest methylthio sidearm,exhibited the highest activity for ethylene polymerization and copolymerization with 1-hexene or 1-octene.Additionally,for ethylene/1-hexene or ethylene/1-octene copolymerization,it showed the highest comonomer incorporation compared with propylthio(4b)and octylthio(4c)derivatives because of the smaller steric hindrance of the methyl group in 4a and the more open coordination space for vinyl monomers.Furthermore,among the isomeric complexes 4a,4d,4e and4f,complex 4a with the shortest bimetallic distance also exhibited the highest activity towards ethylene(co)polymerization,and the highest 1-hexene or 1-octene incorporation in comparison with its regioisomeric counterparts 4d,4e and p-phenyl-bridged analog 4f,owing to a more appropriate bimetallic distance that is conducive to a synergistic effect.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22271024,21632005)Changzhou University.
文摘Double bonds of internal olefins can be efficiently migrated to the terminal carbons and regioselectively hydroesterified with formates in the presence of Pd(OAc)_(2) and 1,2-DTBPMB under mild reaction conditions,providing a wide variety of corresponding linear carboxylic esters bearing various functional groups in good yields and>20:1 linear/branch ratios.The reaction is optionally simple and does not need to use CO gas and acid co-catalysts.
基金financially supported by the National Science Foundation of China(62474142)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2024YQ070)。
文摘Organic additives with multiple functional groups have shown great promise in improving the performance and stability of perovskite solar cells.The functional groups can passivate undercoordinated ions to reduce nonradiative recombination losses.However,how these groups synergistically affect the enhancement beyond passivation is still unclear.Specifically,isomeric molecules with different substitution patterns or molecular shapes remain elusive in designing new organic additives.Here,we report two isomeric carbazolyl bisphosphonate additives,2,7-Cz BP and 3,6-Cz BP.The isomerism effect on passivation and charge transport process was studied.The two molecules have similar passivation effects through multiple interactions,e.g.,P=O···Pb,P=O···H–N and N–H···I.2,7-CzBP can further bridge the perovskite crystallites to facilitates charge transport.Power conversion efficiencies(PCEs)of 25.88%and 21.04%were achieved for 0.09 cm^(2)devices and 14 cm^(2)modules after 2,7-Cz BP treatment,respectively.The devices exhibited enhanced operational stability maintaining 95%of initial PCE after 1000 h of continuous maximum power point tracking.This study of isomerism effect hints at the importance of tuning substitution positions and molecular shapes for organic additives,which paves the way for innovation of next-generation multifunctional aromatic additives.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62204146,52303259)the Start-up Grant of Henan University of Technology(2023BS035)。
文摘In recent years,the ternary strategy of adding a vip molecule to the active layer has been proven to be effective for improving the performance of organic solar cells(OSCs).Isomerization engineering of the vip molecule is a simple method to increase the amount of promising material,but there are only limited reports,and the structure-property relationships are still unclear.In this work,we synthesized three isomers named BTA5-F-o,BTA5-F-m,and BTA5-F-p,with different fluorine substitution positions,to study the influence of isomerization on the photovoltaic performance.After introducing them as the third components to the classic host system PM6:Y6,all three ternary devices showed improved power conversion efficiency(PCEs)compared to the binary system(PCE of 17.46%).The ternary OSCs based on BTA5-F-o achieved a champion PCE of 19.11%,while BTA5-F-m and BTA5-F-p realized PCEs of 18.65%and 18.45%,respectively.Mechanism studies have shown that the dipole moment of the BTA5-F-o end group is closer to that of the Y6 end group,despite the three isomers with almost identical energy levels and optical properties.It is indicated that the electron attraction ability of BTA5-F-o best matches that of Y6,which leads to the higher charge mobility,less charge recombination,and stronger exciton dissociation and extraction ability in the ternary blend system.This study suggests that rationally adjusting the position of substituents in the terminal group can be an effective way to construct nonfullerene vip acceptors to achieve highly efficient ternary OSCs.
文摘BACKGROUND Cirrhosis is a progressive condition characterized by fibrosis that can lead to severe complications and increased mortality.The mac-2 binding protein glyco-sylation isomer(M2BPGi)is a prominent biomarker for predicting hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and cirrhosis-induced esophageal varices(EV).AIM To investigate thresholds of M2BPGi associated with HCC,EV,and decomp-ensation in patients with cirrhosis.METHODS This was a prospective study.A total of 153 patients with cirrhosis who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled.The patients were diagnosed with HCC and EV according to the Baveno VII and European Association for the Study of the Liver guidelines.Baseline serum M2BPGi levels were assessed along with other routine tests.The data analysis aimed to determine the cutoff values of M2BPGi for pre-dicting EV and HCC.RESULTS In the study 85.6%of patients were Child-Pugh B and C.M2BPGi mean cutoff index was 7.1±3.7,showing no significant etiological differences.However,M2BPGi levels varied significantly among Child-Pugh classes,EV classifications,and between patients with and without HCC(P<0.01).M2BPGi cutoff values for predicting HCC,EV,and decompensated cirrhosis were 6.50,6.64,and 5.25,respectively.Mul-tivariate analysis confirmed M2BPGi as an independent risk factor for EV[adjusted odds ratio(aOR):1.3,95%CI:1.08-1.64]and liver decompensation(aOR:2.11,95%CI:1.37-3.83).Area under the curve of M2BPGi for HCC differ-entiation was 0.71.An algorithm combining alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)and M2BPGi detected 26 of 28 HCC cases with 98.04%accuracy vs 10 cases by AFP alone.CONCLUSION Serum M2BPGi predicted cirrhosis complications,including decompensation and varices,especially in HCC.Combined with AFP,it enhanced HCC detection.Future liver biopsy studies are needed for tissue confirmation.
基金supported by the Extreme Light Infrastructure Nuclear Physics(ELI-NP)Phase Ⅱ,a project co-financed by the Romanian Government and the European Union through the European Regional Development Fund—the Competitiveness Operational Programme(1/07.07.2016,COP,ID 1334)the Romanian Ministry of Research and Innovation:PN23210105(Phase 2,the Program Nucleu),ELI-RO grants Proiectul ELI-RO/RDI_2024_AMAP,ELI-RO_RDI_2024_LaLuThe,ELIRO_RDI_2024_SPARC+4 种基金ELI10/01.10.2020 of the Romanian Governmentthe European Union,the Romanian Governmentthe Health Program,within the project“Medical Applications of High-Power Lasers—Dr.LASER”SMIS Code:326475the IOSIN funds for research infrastructures of national interest.
文摘We propose a novel scheme for the population and depletion of nuclear isomers.This scheme combines the γ photons with energiesà 10 keV emitted during the interaction of a contemporary high-intensity laser pulse with a plasma and one or multiple photon beams supplied by intense lasers.Owing to nonlinear effects,two-or multiphoton absorption dominates over the conventional multistep one-photon process for an optimized γ flash.Moreover,this nonlinear effect can be greatly enhanced with the help of externally supplied low-energy photons coming from another laser.These low-energy photons act such that the effective cross-section experienced by the γ photons becomes tunable,growing with the intensity I_(0) of the beam.Assuming I_(0)~10^(18) W·cm^(-2) for the photon beam,an effective cross-section as large as 10^(-21)-10^(-28) cm^(2) for the γ photons can be achieved.Thus,with state-of-the-art 10 PW laser facilities,the yields from two-photon absorption can reach 10^(6)-10^(9) isomers per shot for selected states that are separated from their ground state by E2 transitions.Similar yields for transitions with higher multipolarities can be accommodated by multiphoton absorption with additional photons provided.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2024YFA1610900 and 2023YFA1606401)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12335007 and 12035001)the United Kingdom Science and Technology Facilities Council(No.ST/V001108/1)。
文摘High multipole electromagnetic transitions are rare in nature.The highest-multipole transition observed in atomic nuclei is the electric hexacontatetrapole E6 transition from the T_(1/2)=2.54(2)-min J^(π)=1_(9/2)-isomer to the 7/2^(-)ground state in^(53)Fe with an angular momentum change of six units.In the present work,we performed ab initio calculations for this unique case by employing chiral effective field theory(EFT)forces.The in-medium similarity renormalization group is used to derive the valence-space effective Hamiltonian and multipolar transition operators.Bare nucleon charges were used in all the multipolar transition rate calculations,providing good agreement with the experimental data.The valence space takes the full fp shell.In^(53)Fe,the low-lying states were dominated by the 0f_(7/2)component.Two different versions of the chiral EFT two-plus three-nucleon interaction were used to test the dependence on the interaction used.We also tested the convergence of the transition rate calculations against the harmonic oscillator parameter hΩand basis truncations e_(max)and E_(3max)for twoand three-nucleon forces,respectively.
文摘BACKGROUND Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer(M2BPGi)serves as a marker of activated hepatic stellate cells and as such holds potential as a biomarker for liver fibrosis.In Viet Nam,metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)is rising in prevalence and there is an urgent need for better clinical management,particularly in early detection methods that will improve overall prognosis.AIM To examine M2BPGi cut-off values for staging liver fibrosis in patients with MASLD and risk factors associated with disease progression.METHODS A total of 301 individuals with ultrasound-confirmed or FibroScan-confirmed diagnosis of fatty liver were enrolled in the study.The participants were stratified according to fibrosis stage,measured via magnetic resonance elastography.M2-BPGi,Fibrosis-4(FIB-4)Index score,and routine parameters of liver function were assessed to statistically investigate the correlation of M2BPGi levels in various fibrosis stages and to identify risk factors associated with fibrosis severity.RESULTS M2BPGi levels positively correlated with fibrosis stages,with cut-off indexes of 0.57 for F0-1,0.68 for F2-3,and 0.78 for F4.M2BPGi levels in the F0-1 group were significantly different from those in both the F2-3 group(P=0.038)and the F4 group(P=0.0051);the F2-3 and F4 groups did not show a significant difference(P=0.39).Females exhibited significantly higher M2BPGi levels than males for all fibrosis stages,particularly in the F2-3 group(P=0.01)and F4 group(P=0.0006).In the F4(cirrhosis)group,individuals with diabetes had significantly higher M2BPGi levels than those without.M2BPGi,hemoglobin A1c,and FIB-4 score were identified as independent risk factors for greater fibrosis and cirrhosis.CONCLUSION M2BPGi levels varied significantly throughout fibrosis progression,from early MASLD to cirrhosis,with sex correlation.M2BPGi holds promise as an early biomarker for fibrosis characterization in MASLD adult patient populations.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U22B20140,22021004,22325808,22393950)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFA0210900).
文摘The process of deep hydrodesulfurization(HDS)in gasoline typically results in the saturation of olefins,leading to significant reductions in octane number.In this work,Y-supported Co(Ni)-Mo catalysts that with different Ni-Co content were prepared by the incipient wetness impregnation method,the structure and properties were characterized and analyzed using HRTEM,XPS,H_(2)-TPR,and NH_(3)-TPD.The isomerization of 1-hexene and 1-octene as well as the HDS of thiophene were studied by using model FCC naphtha.The incorporation of Ni was found to enhance the number of MoS_(2) stacking layers,thereby improving the degree of sulfurization in Mo and subsequently increasing the desulfurization rate,with a maximum achieved desulfurization rate of 94.7%.When employing a Ni/Co ratio of 3:2,optimal synergy between Ni and Co is achieved,resulting in a greater presence of multi-layer stacked II-Co(Ni)MoS active phases.Additionally,appropriate Brønsted acidity levels are maintained to facilitate efficient olefin isomerization while preserving high HDS activity.As a result,the current isomerization yield stands at 58.2%(mass).These understandings shed light on the development of highly HDS and olefin isomerization catalysts.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22071044,21771054 and 22171071)。
文摘The synthesis of Ta-substituted polyoxometalates has always been an attractive but challenging goal.Three novel tantalum-containing 12-tungsto-2-phosphates were successfully prepared using the water bath method.The monomer,K_(11)Li[P_(2)W_(12)(TaO_(2))_(6)O_(56)]·19H_(2)O(1),is composed of{P_(2)W_(12)}and 6{Ta(O_(2))}building blocks,similar to[P_(2)W_(12)(NbO_(2))_(6)O_(56)]^(12-).Monomer 1 polymerized to form two cis-trans dimers,K1_(3)Li_(6)H-cis-[P_(2)W_(12)Ta_(4)(TaO_(2))_(2)O_(59)]_(2)·61H_(2)O(2)and KNa_(3)Li_(4)H_(12)-trans-[P_(2)W_(12)Ta_(4)(TaO_(2))_(2)O_(59)]_(2)·37H_(2)O(3).Compounds 1-3 can serve as a structural motif to manufacture additional fascinating molecular clusters,promoting the advancement of POM chemistry.In contrast to[P_(2)W_(12)(NbO_(2))_(6)O_(56)]^(12-),compound 1 exhibits exceptional stability,evidenced by ESI-MS,IR,and NMR spectroscopy.In addition,2 and 3 exhibit high proton conductivity and superior water adsorption properties.
文摘Aim To synthesize trans and cis-3, 4′, 5-trihydroxystilbene by a new convenient route. Methods The reaction of 3, 5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde （3） and 4-methoxy phenylacetonitrile （4） formed the stilbene skeleton. After hydrolyzation, decarboxylation, and demethylation, we obtained trans-3, 4′, 5-trihydroxystilbene （resveratrol）, which can be converted to its cis-isomer by photochemical isomerization. Results Starting from 3 and 4, trans and cis-3, 4′, 5-trihydroxystilbene were synthesized, respectively. Conclusion A facile method for the synthesis of trans and cis-hydroxystilbenes from readily available materials was established.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (TD2011-11,BLYJ201519)Beijing Higher Education Young Elite Teacher Project (YETP0765)+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (31170556)New Century Excellent Talents in University (NCET-13-0671)State Forestry Administration of China (201204803)~~
文摘A natural attapulgite （ATP）‐based catalyst, sulfated In2O3‐ATP （SO42-/In2O3‐ATP）, was obtained by an impregnation‐calcination method and was used to efficiently and selectively produce the useful platform chemical 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural （HMF） from hexoses. Some important reaction param‐eters were studied, revealing that Lewis and Br-nsted acid sites on SO42-/In2O3‐ATP catalyze glu‐cose isomerization and fructose dehydration. The yields of HMF from glucose and fructose were 40.2%and 46.2%, respectively, using the optimal conditions of 180℃ for 60 min with 10 wt%of solid acid catalyst in a mixture of γ‐valerolactone‐water （9：1）.
