Four new^(10)Be-^(26)Al isochron burial ages ranging from 4.4 to 2 Ma on ancestral Colorado River deposits in the lower Colorado River corridor(LCRC)help constrain the river’s evolution during the Pliocene and early ...Four new^(10)Be-^(26)Al isochron burial ages ranging from 4.4 to 2 Ma on ancestral Colorado River deposits in the lower Colorado River corridor(LCRC)help constrain the river’s evolution during the Pliocene and early Pleisto-cene.They help fill a gap between previous work that focused on older and younger deposits:Older dated deposits include the 5 Ma Bouse Formation,which records the integration of the Colorado River through a series of preexisting basins to the Gulf of California and the ca.4.5-3.5 Ma Bullhead Alluvium,a 200 to 300 m thick aggregational package that immediately followed integration.The much younger,100-70 ka,Chemehuevi Formation is another major aggrada-tion package mapped throughout the LCRC.The new burial ages on the facies of Santa Fe Railway(4.37±0.71 Ma),boulder conglomerate of Bat Cave Wash(2.12±0.26 and 2.05±0.31 Ma),and the Palo Verde alluvium(3.03±0.26 Ma)partially fill in a 3.5 M.y.gap between the deposition of the Bullhead Alluvium and the Chemeheuvi Formation and document the timescales over which the Colorado River was able to remove the Bullhead aggradational package and initiate newer and smaller aggradational pulses.展开更多
A novel technique of isochronous mass spectrometry(IMS),termed Bρ-defned IMS,was developed at the experimental cooler-storage ring CSRe in Lanzhou for the frst time.Two time-of-fight detectors were installed in a str...A novel technique of isochronous mass spectrometry(IMS),termed Bρ-defned IMS,was developed at the experimental cooler-storage ring CSRe in Lanzhou for the frst time.Two time-of-fight detectors were installed in a straight section of the CSRe,thereby enabling simultaneous measurements of the velocity and revolution time of each stored short-lived ion.This technique boosts the broadband precision,efciency,sensitivity,and accuracy of mass measurements of short-lived exotic nuclides.Using Bρ-defned IMS,the masses of^(22)Al,^(62)Ge,^(64)As,^(66)Se,and^(70)Kr were measured for the frst time,and the masses of^(65)As,^(67)Se,and other 21 nuclides were redetermined with improved accuracy.Mass data have been used in studies of relevant issues regarding nuclear structures and nuclear astrophysics.Herein,we review the development of experimental techniques and main physical results and outline plans for future experiments.展开更多
In conventional isochronous mass spectrometry(IMS)performed on a storage ring,the precision of mass measurements for short-lived nuclei depends on the accurate determination of the revolution times(T)of stored ions.Ho...In conventional isochronous mass spectrometry(IMS)performed on a storage ring,the precision of mass measurements for short-lived nuclei depends on the accurate determination of the revolution times(T)of stored ions.However,the resolution of T inevitably deteriorates due to the magnetic rigidity spread of the ions,limiting the mass-resolving power.In this study,we used the betatron tunes Q(the number of betatron oscillations per revolution)of the ions and established a correlation between T and Q.From this correlation,T was transformed to correspond to a fixed Q with higher resolution.Using these transformed T values,the masses of ^(63)Ge,^(65)As,^(67)Se,and ^(71)Kr agreed well with the mass values measured using the newly developed IMS(Bρ-IMS).We also studied the systematics of Coulomb displacement energies(CDEs)and found that anomalous staggering in CDEs was eliminated using new mass values.This method of T transformation is highly effective for conventional IMS equipped with a single time-of-flight detector.展开更多
In this paper,we give the necessary and sufficient conditions for a class of higher degree polynomial systems to have a uniform isochronous center.At the same time,we prove that for this system the composition conject...In this paper,we give the necessary and sufficient conditions for a class of higher degree polynomial systems to have a uniform isochronous center.At the same time,we prove that for this system the composition conjecture is correct.展开更多
In this paper,the northern mountainous area of Fuzhou City which is an ungauged basin has been taken for example to discuss the method of design flood calculation by means of combining the DEM(digital elevation model)...In this paper,the northern mountainous area of Fuzhou City which is an ungauged basin has been taken for example to discuss the method of design flood calculation by means of combining the DEM(digital elevation model) and the Xin'anjiang Model(three components).The problem of estimating the parameters of the runoff model has been solved by using the parameters of the reference station.In the conflux calculation,the isochrones are obtained by DEM which helps to avoid the cumbersome work of drawing them on the map.With the establishment of the digital elevation model throughout the country,it is practically significant to use it in the hydrological estimation.展开更多
The mafic dykes are composed of a series of northwest-trending diabase in Kuokesu of the Kuruktag region, Xinjiang. Four whole-rock samples of the mafic dykes in the region give an 40Ar/36Ar–40K/36Ar isochron age of ...The mafic dykes are composed of a series of northwest-trending diabase in Kuokesu of the Kuruktag region, Xinjiang. Four whole-rock samples of the mafic dykes in the region give an 40Ar/36Ar–40K/36Ar isochron age of 282 Ma with the initial 40Ar/36Ar = 507. The characteristics of the major, trace and rare earth elements of the dyke rocks indicate that they belong to the calc-alkaline series and were emplaced in extensional structures at an intermediate depth of the crust. This shows that there was a large-scale extension in the Permian Period, which might be associated with the post-collisional extension of the ancient Tianshan Mountains.展开更多
Lead isotopic analytic data of 30 ores gathered from the Zhuanmiao boron deposit, Wengquangou boron (iron) deposit and its Dongtaizi Ore Member constitute three isochrons, the corresponding ages of which are 1902 ...Lead isotopic analytic data of 30 ores gathered from the Zhuanmiao boron deposit, Wengquangou boron (iron) deposit and its Dongtaizi Ore Member constitute three isochrons, the corresponding ages of which are 1902 ± 12 Ma, 1852 ± 9 Ma and 1917 ± 48 Ma. Lead isotopic analyses of marble from the Xiquegou Member of the Qingchenzi orefield yield a Pb-Pb isochron age of 1844 ± 27 Ma. 40Ar-39Ar quick neutron activation dating of phlogopites and microclines coexisting with ore minerals in the Wengquangou boron (iron) and Zhuanmiao boron deposits shows that: (1) the phlogopite from the Wengquangou has a plateau age of 1923 ± 1.5 Ma and an isochron age of 1924 ± 2.5 Ma; (2) the microcline from the Wengquangou has the plateau age of 1407 ± 5.4 Ma and 220 ± 12 Ma and an isochron age of 1403 ± 19 Ma; (3) the phlogopites from the Zhuanmiao yield a plateau age 1918 ± 1.3 Ma and an isochron age of 1918 ± 2.9 Ma; (4) the microclines from the Zhuanmiao yield the plateau age of 1420 ± 16 Ma and 250 ± 8 Ma and an isochron age of 1425 ± 19 Ma and 269 ± 16 Ma. These ages indicate that the eastern Liaoning area happened around 1900 Ma, an important tectonomagmatic event, which is consistent with the worldwide Mid-Proterozoic tectonomagmatic event. During this period, the Proterozoic Liaohe Group was folded and underwent strong normal metamorphism, and the (hydrothermal) sedimentary boron deposits (or source beds) formed earlier were strongly superimposed by mineralization, resulting in enrichment of boron; later regional geological processes made little contribution to the formation of the boron deposits. Lead isotopic components show that the U-Pb and Th-Pb isotopic system reached homogenization in the ores whereas only the U-Pb isotopic system reached homogenization in the marble from the Xiquegou district, which indicates that the boron deposits superimposed in the studied area endured a relatively strong process of hydrothermal migmatization during the end phase of early Proterozoic metamorphism.展开更多
The black shale series that formed in the Edi- acaran-Cambrian transition are important stratigraphic records of the co-evolution of the paleo-ocean, -climate, and -biology. In this study, we measured Re-Os isotopic c...The black shale series that formed in the Edi- acaran-Cambrian transition are important stratigraphic records of the co-evolution of the paleo-ocean, -climate, and -biology. In this study, we measured Re-Os isotopic compositions of the black shale in the Niutitang Formation from the Gezhongwu section in Zhijin, Guizhou Province. The samples had high Re and Os contents, with Re ranging from 21.27 to 312.78 ng/g and Os ranging from 0.455 to 7.789 ng/g. The Re-Os isotope isochron age of 522.9 ± 8.6 Ma implies deposition of the Niutitang black shale predated the Chengjiang Fauna, providing an age constraint for the expansion of oceanic anoxia in the study area. The initial ^187Os/^188Os ratio of 0.826 ± 0.026 indi- cates that enhanced continental weathering might have triggered the expansion of the oceanic anoxia.展开更多
Located on the northeast margin of the Qiangtang terrane between the Jinshajiang suture zone and Bangonghu-Nujiang suture zone,the Dongmozhazhua and Mohailaheng Pb-Zn deposits in the Yushu area of Qinghai Province are...Located on the northeast margin of the Qiangtang terrane between the Jinshajiang suture zone and Bangonghu-Nujiang suture zone,the Dongmozhazhua and Mohailaheng Pb-Zn deposits in the Yushu area of Qinghai Province are representative Pb-Zn deposits of the Pb-Zn-Cu polymetallic mineralization belt in the northern part of the Nujiang-Lancangjiang-Jinshajiang area,which are in the front belt of the Yushu thrust nappe system.The formed environments of these two deposits are different from those of sediment-hosted base metal deposits elsewhere in the world.The authors hold that they were formed during the Indian-Asian continental collision and developed within the fold-thrust belt combined with thrust and strike-slip-related Cenozoic basins in the interior of the collisional zone.Studying on the metallogenic epochs of these two deposits is helpful to the understanding of ore-forming regularity of the regional Pb-Zn-Cu mineralization belt and also to the search for new deposits in this region.The age of the Dongmozhazhua deposit has been determined by the Rb-Sr isochron method for sphalerite residues,whereas the age of the Mohailaheng deposit has been determined by the Rb-Sr isochron method for sphalerite residues and the Sm-Nd isochron method for fluorite.The age of the Dongmozhazhua deposit is 35.0-±0.0 Ma （（87Sr/86Sr）0=0.708807） for sphalerite residues.The age of the Mohailaheng deposit is 32.2±0.4 Ma （（87Sr/86Sr）o=0.708514） for sphalerite residues and 31.8±0.3 Ma （（143Nd/144Nd）o=0.512362） for fluorite with an average of 32.0 Ma.Together with the regional geological setting during mineralization,a possible tectonic model for metallogeny of the Dongmozhazhua and Mohailaheng Pb-Zn deposits has been established.These two ages are close to the ages of the Pb-Zn deposits in the Lanping and Tuotuohe basins,indicating that it is possible that the narrow 1000-kilometer-long belt controlled by a thrust nappe system on the eastern and northern margins of the Tibetan plateau could be a giant Pb-Zn mineralized belt.展开更多
Up to now, there were no systematic studies of geochemistry and isotopic age for the Yixian （义县） fluorite deposit, western Liaoning （辽宁） Province, China. Based on the analysis of metallogenic geological settin...Up to now, there were no systematic studies of geochemistry and isotopic age for the Yixian （义县） fluorite deposit, western Liaoning （辽宁） Province, China. Based on the analysis of metallogenic geological setting, we studied the REE, Rb-Sr and Sm-Nd isotopes. The chondrite-normalized REE patterns of fluorite are characterized by moderate LREE depletion （LREE/HREE=0.95-3.57, （La/Yb）N=0.08-2.84） and enrichment of Sr （146×10^-6-596×10^-6） and moderately positive Eu anomalies （δEu=1.10-1.34）, which are similar to those of the host Mesoproterozoic carbonate rocks. The fluorite display （^87Sr/^86Sr）t=-0.708 5, （^143Nd/^144Nd）t=-0.511 785, and δNd（t）=-12.8, which are similar to those of the host Mesoproterozoic carbonate rocks and volcanic rocks of Middle Jurassic Lanqi （蓝旗） Formation. The REE and Sr-Nd isotope geochemistry suggest that the source of the ore-forming material may be the volcanic rocks of Lanqi Formation and host carbonate rocks. The Sm-Nd isochron age of 154±14 Ma （MSWD=0.23） indicates that the Yixian fluorite mineralization nearly corresponds to the period of Lanqi Formation. Based on the integrated geological and geochemical studies, coupled with previous studies, we suggest that Yixian fluorite deposit formed in the extension setting of postcoilisional stage and may be attributed to the partial melting of ancient basaltic rocks in the lower crust induced by underplating of basic magma and to the reaction between the F-rich ore-forming fluids and the host carbonate rocks.展开更多
Isochronous mass spectrometry(IMS)of heavyion storage rings is a powerful tool for the mass measurements of short-lived nuclei.In IMS experiments,masses are determined through precision measurements of the revolution ...Isochronous mass spectrometry(IMS)of heavyion storage rings is a powerful tool for the mass measurements of short-lived nuclei.In IMS experiments,masses are determined through precision measurements of the revolution times of the ions stored in the ring.However,the revolution times cannot be resolved for particles with nearly the same mass-to-charge(m/q)ratios.To overcome this limitation and to extract the accurate revolution times for such pairs of ion species with very close m/q ratios,in our early work on particle identification,we analyzed the amplitudes of the timing signals from the detector based on the emission of secondary electrons.Here,the previous data analysis method is further improved by considering the signal amplitudes,detection efficiencies,and number of stored ions in the ring.A sensitive Z-dependent parameter is introduced in the data analysis,leading to a better resolution of ^(34)Ar^(18+) and ^(51)Co^(27+) with A/Z=17/9.The mean revolution times of ^(34)Ar^(18+) and ^(51)Co^(27+) are deduced,although their time difference is merely 1.8 ps.The uncorrected,overlapped peak of these ions has a full width at half maximum of 7.7 ps.The mass excess of ^(51)Co was determined to be-27;332e41T keV,which is in agreement with the previous value of-27;342e48T keV.展开更多
In this work, a parametric approach is presented and utilized to determine the creep properties of weldments; then the model of creep strain for cross weld specimen is given. On the basis of the experimental results, ...In this work, a parametric approach is presented and utilized to determine the creep properties of weldments; then the model of creep strain for cross weld specimen is given. On the basis of the experimental results, attempt has been made to establish equations of the isochronous stress-strain for weld joint that can predict the function of loading and service time in use of the creep data of base metal and weld metal.展开更多
IEEE 1394b is a high-speed data bus that is widely used in local area networks and consumer electronics. To best utilize this data bus, we need to fully understand its per- formance. To evaluate its performance for bo...IEEE 1394b is a high-speed data bus that is widely used in local area networks and consumer electronics. To best utilize this data bus, we need to fully understand its per- formance. To evaluate its performance for both isochronous and asynchronous data transfers, we model the IEEE 1394b bus using Deterministic and Stochastic Pelri Nets （DSPNs）, and conduct simulations using TimeNET 4.0. Using the DSPNs model, we simulate both the average waiting times of isochronous and asynchronous packets. From the simulation results, we determine the factors that influence performance, such as throughput, size of packets, arrival rate of packets, number of isochronous channels, and bus configuration.展开更多
The precipitation behavior of a 7075 Al alloy during isochronal heat treatments at three different heating rates has been studied using differential scanning calorimetry,high-angle-annular-dark-field scanningtransmiss...The precipitation behavior of a 7075 Al alloy during isochronal heat treatments at three different heating rates has been studied using differential scanning calorimetry,high-angle-annular-dark-field scanningtransmission-electron microscope and density functional theory calculation.In the early stage of aging,GPI and GPII zones form sequentially and cause two characteristic DSC peaks.Subsequently,the formation ofη_(1) precipitates takes place concurrently withη’.A novel type of metastable phaseη_(1)’is identified as the precursor ofη_(1),which can lower the lattice misfit betweenη_(1) and Al matrix along the direction of[1010]_(η_(1))//[001]_(Al).Accordingly,a pathway for the formation ofη_(1) viaη_(1)’is demonstrated.Precipitatesη’together withη_(1) andη_(1)’contribute to the third DSC peak.With the further increase of temperature,ηprecipitates become prevailing.Based on the quantitative analyses,the influence of the heating rate and ending temperature on the cross section and number density of phases formed is discussed.展开更多
The Wujiatai Formation, which is well exposed in Huangjiatai-Xichahe region of the northern Kongling area of central Yangtze Craton, is a suite of epimetamorphic conglomerates to pebbly sandstones to fine sandstone-do...The Wujiatai Formation, which is well exposed in Huangjiatai-Xichahe region of the northern Kongling area of central Yangtze Craton, is a suite of epimetamorphic conglomerates to pebbly sandstones to fine sandstone-dolostones deposited in littoral-carbonate platform facies. The formation has angular unconformity contacts with both the overlying Neoproterozoic Nantuo Formation and the underlying Paleoproterozoic Huanglianghe Formation complex. Detrital zircons from metafine sandstones of the lower Wujiatai Formation have ages ranging from 3377 –1828 Ma, with the youngest zircons dating to about 1828 Ma. In addition, whole-rock Pb-Pb isochron ages from dolostones in the upper Wujiatai Formation yield an age of 1718±230 Ma. These dates constrain the depositional age of the Wujiatai Formation between 1800 Ma and 1600 Ma. These are the earliest Mesoproterozoic sedimentary records reported in the Kongling region, and fill the gaps in Early Mesoproterozoic stratigraphy in Yangtze Craton. Histograms of detrital zircon ages for the Wujiatai Formation reveal four major peaks at 2039 Ma, 2691 Ma, 2966 Ma and 3377 Ma, which is consistent with the ages of the basement rocks that underlie the center of Yangtze Craton, indicating that sediment provenance is mainly from the Kongling complex. The lower Wujiatai Formation mainly consists of clastic rocks, whereas the upper Wujiatai Formation consists of dolostones. This stratigraphic change implies a deepening sequence in an expanding basin with an initial cratonic rifting tectonic setting, corresponding to the initial breakup of the Columbia supercontinent in Yangtze Craton.展开更多
Radiogenic isotope dating of illitic clays has been widely used to reconstruct thermal and fluid flow events in siliciclastic sedimentary basins,the information of which is critical to investigate mechanisms of hydroc...Radiogenic isotope dating of illitic clays has been widely used to reconstruct thermal and fluid flow events in siliciclastic sedimentary basins,the information of which is critical to investigate mechanisms of hydrocarbon maturation.This study carried out Rb-Sr and^(40)Ar-^(39)Ar dating of authigenic illitic clay samples separated from the Palaeogene sandstone in the northern South China Sea.Our Rb-Sr data further confirm the previously reported three periods of fluid flow events(at 34.5±0.9,31.2±0.6,and 23.6±0.8 Ma,respectively)in the northern South China Sea,which are related to regional episodic tectonism.However,^(40)Ar-^(39)Ar ages of illite obtained in this study are significantly younger than the corresponding Rb-Sr ages.The significantly younger^(40)Ar-^(39)Ar ages were probably due to ^(40)Ar loss caused by later dry heating events on the Hainan Island that have not affected the Rb-Sr isotopic systematics.The inconsistency between Rb-Sr and^(40)Ar-^(39)Ar data should be attributed to different isotopic behaviors of K-Ar and Rb-Sr isotopic systematics in illite.Our results indicate that Rb-Sr isotopic dating method may be a preferential approach for clay dating in geological settings where exist younger dry heating events.展开更多
By using the magnetic field map, equilibrium orbit, operating point of v r and v z and beam trajectories after stripper for Cyclone 10/5 have been calculated. The positions of two strippers and two targets have been d...By using the magnetic field map, equilibrium orbit, operating point of v r and v z and beam trajectories after stripper for Cyclone 10/5 have been calculated. The positions of two strippers and two targets have been determined. The numerical simulation is consistent with experimental tests.展开更多
Due to its ubiquitous occurrence in igneous,metamorphic,and sedimentary rocks and its wide application in geochronology and geochemistry,zircon has become the most widely used accessory mineral in the geological commu...Due to its ubiquitous occurrence in igneous,metamorphic,and sedimentary rocks and its wide application in geochronology and geochemistry,zircon has become the most widely used accessory mineral in the geological community.Nevertheless,the decay of U and Th causes radiation damage to the zircon structure,resulting in various degrees of metamictization,which can affect the accuracy of U–Pb dates and Hf and O isotope results.If the degree of zircon radiation damage can be quantified,the influence on geochemical analyses can be evaluated,and the results can be corrected more precisely.In this paper,synthetic and natural zircon crystals with different crystallization ages were selected for Raman spectroscopy analysis,cathodoluminescence imaging,and determination of the U and Th concentrations.The results show that Raman FWHM(full width at half bandmaximum)and Raman shift correlate with alpha dose(Da)ofzirconsfollowingtheseequations,FWHM=44.36(±2.32)×[1-exp(-2.74×Da)]-+1.7(±0.19),Raman Shift=-6.53×Da+1007.69.Analysis of synthetic zircon crystals shows that doped REEs(rare earth elements and P)can also lead to an increase in the FWHM.However,this effect can be ignored for natural zircon samples with REE contents at a normal level of hundreds to a few thousand ppm.The FWHM and Raman shift can be used as proxies to measure the degree of zircon radiation damage.Using the updated equations to calculate the latest age when zircon began to accumulate radiation damage,a more accurate and more meaningful“radiation damage age”can be obtained.展开更多
The number of the limit cycles bifurcating in small quadratic perturbations of quadratic systems with an ischronous center is studied,it turns out that the cyclicity of the period annulus around one kind of quadratic ...The number of the limit cycles bifurcating in small quadratic perturbations of quadratic systems with an ischronous center is studied,it turns out that the cyclicity of the period annulus around one kind of quadratic isochronous center is two.展开更多
文摘Four new^(10)Be-^(26)Al isochron burial ages ranging from 4.4 to 2 Ma on ancestral Colorado River deposits in the lower Colorado River corridor(LCRC)help constrain the river’s evolution during the Pliocene and early Pleisto-cene.They help fill a gap between previous work that focused on older and younger deposits:Older dated deposits include the 5 Ma Bouse Formation,which records the integration of the Colorado River through a series of preexisting basins to the Gulf of California and the ca.4.5-3.5 Ma Bullhead Alluvium,a 200 to 300 m thick aggregational package that immediately followed integration.The much younger,100-70 ka,Chemehuevi Formation is another major aggrada-tion package mapped throughout the LCRC.The new burial ages on the facies of Santa Fe Railway(4.37±0.71 Ma),boulder conglomerate of Bat Cave Wash(2.12±0.26 and 2.05±0.31 Ma),and the Palo Verde alluvium(3.03±0.26 Ma)partially fill in a 3.5 M.y.gap between the deposition of the Bullhead Alluvium and the Chemeheuvi Formation and document the timescales over which the Colorado River was able to remove the Bullhead aggradational package and initiate newer and smaller aggradational pulses.
基金National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2023YFA1606401)CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(Grant No.YSBR-002)+1 种基金Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDB34000000)NSFC(Grant No.12305126)。
文摘A novel technique of isochronous mass spectrometry(IMS),termed Bρ-defned IMS,was developed at the experimental cooler-storage ring CSRe in Lanzhou for the frst time.Two time-of-fight detectors were installed in a straight section of the CSRe,thereby enabling simultaneous measurements of the velocity and revolution time of each stored short-lived ion.This technique boosts the broadband precision,efciency,sensitivity,and accuracy of mass measurements of short-lived exotic nuclides.Using Bρ-defned IMS,the masses of^(22)Al,^(62)Ge,^(64)As,^(66)Se,and^(70)Kr were measured for the frst time,and the masses of^(65)As,^(67)Se,and other 21 nuclides were redetermined with improved accuracy.Mass data have been used in studies of relevant issues regarding nuclear structures and nuclear astrophysics.Herein,we review the development of experimental techniques and main physical results and outline plans for future experiments.
基金supported in part by the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2023YFA1606401)CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research (No. YSBR-002)+3 种基金Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. XDB34000000)the NSFC (Nos. 12305126, 12135017, 12121005)the support from the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. 2021419)the support from the Yong Scholar of Regional Development,CAS (No.[2023]15)
文摘In conventional isochronous mass spectrometry(IMS)performed on a storage ring,the precision of mass measurements for short-lived nuclei depends on the accurate determination of the revolution times(T)of stored ions.However,the resolution of T inevitably deteriorates due to the magnetic rigidity spread of the ions,limiting the mass-resolving power.In this study,we used the betatron tunes Q(the number of betatron oscillations per revolution)of the ions and established a correlation between T and Q.From this correlation,T was transformed to correspond to a fixed Q with higher resolution.Using these transformed T values,the masses of ^(63)Ge,^(65)As,^(67)Se,and ^(71)Kr agreed well with the mass values measured using the newly developed IMS(Bρ-IMS).We also studied the systematics of Coulomb displacement energies(CDEs)and found that anomalous staggering in CDEs was eliminated using new mass values.This method of T transformation is highly effective for conventional IMS equipped with a single time-of-flight detector.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62173292,12171418).
文摘In this paper,we give the necessary and sufficient conditions for a class of higher degree polynomial systems to have a uniform isochronous center.At the same time,we prove that for this system the composition conjecture is correct.
基金National Science Foundation of China (No. 50879051)
文摘In this paper,the northern mountainous area of Fuzhou City which is an ungauged basin has been taken for example to discuss the method of design flood calculation by means of combining the DEM(digital elevation model) and the Xin'anjiang Model(three components).The problem of estimating the parameters of the runoff model has been solved by using the parameters of the reference station.In the conflux calculation,the isochrones are obtained by DEM which helps to avoid the cumbersome work of drawing them on the map.With the establishment of the digital elevation model throughout the country,it is practically significant to use it in the hydrological estimation.
基金This study was supported by the State"Ninth Five-Year Plan"Key Project No.96-915-05-02.
文摘The mafic dykes are composed of a series of northwest-trending diabase in Kuokesu of the Kuruktag region, Xinjiang. Four whole-rock samples of the mafic dykes in the region give an 40Ar/36Ar–40K/36Ar isochron age of 282 Ma with the initial 40Ar/36Ar = 507. The characteristics of the major, trace and rare earth elements of the dyke rocks indicate that they belong to the calc-alkaline series and were emplaced in extensional structures at an intermediate depth of the crust. This shows that there was a large-scale extension in the Permian Period, which might be associated with the post-collisional extension of the ancient Tianshan Mountains.
基金supported by the National 973 Project of China(G1999043201)
文摘Lead isotopic analytic data of 30 ores gathered from the Zhuanmiao boron deposit, Wengquangou boron (iron) deposit and its Dongtaizi Ore Member constitute three isochrons, the corresponding ages of which are 1902 ± 12 Ma, 1852 ± 9 Ma and 1917 ± 48 Ma. Lead isotopic analyses of marble from the Xiquegou Member of the Qingchenzi orefield yield a Pb-Pb isochron age of 1844 ± 27 Ma. 40Ar-39Ar quick neutron activation dating of phlogopites and microclines coexisting with ore minerals in the Wengquangou boron (iron) and Zhuanmiao boron deposits shows that: (1) the phlogopite from the Wengquangou has a plateau age of 1923 ± 1.5 Ma and an isochron age of 1924 ± 2.5 Ma; (2) the microcline from the Wengquangou has the plateau age of 1407 ± 5.4 Ma and 220 ± 12 Ma and an isochron age of 1403 ± 19 Ma; (3) the phlogopites from the Zhuanmiao yield a plateau age 1918 ± 1.3 Ma and an isochron age of 1918 ± 2.9 Ma; (4) the microclines from the Zhuanmiao yield the plateau age of 1420 ± 16 Ma and 250 ± 8 Ma and an isochron age of 1425 ± 19 Ma and 269 ± 16 Ma. These ages indicate that the eastern Liaoning area happened around 1900 Ma, an important tectonomagmatic event, which is consistent with the worldwide Mid-Proterozoic tectonomagmatic event. During this period, the Proterozoic Liaohe Group was folded and underwent strong normal metamorphism, and the (hydrothermal) sedimentary boron deposits (or source beds) formed earlier were strongly superimposed by mineralization, resulting in enrichment of boron; later regional geological processes made little contribution to the formation of the boron deposits. Lead isotopic components show that the U-Pb and Th-Pb isotopic system reached homogenization in the ores whereas only the U-Pb isotopic system reached homogenization in the marble from the Xiquegou district, which indicates that the boron deposits superimposed in the studied area endured a relatively strong process of hydrothermal migmatization during the end phase of early Proterozoic metamorphism.
基金supported by the China Geological Survey (DD20160346)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41472089)the Guizhou Geological Prospecting Fund (2016091)
文摘The black shale series that formed in the Edi- acaran-Cambrian transition are important stratigraphic records of the co-evolution of the paleo-ocean, -climate, and -biology. In this study, we measured Re-Os isotopic compositions of the black shale in the Niutitang Formation from the Gezhongwu section in Zhijin, Guizhou Province. The samples had high Re and Os contents, with Re ranging from 21.27 to 312.78 ng/g and Os ranging from 0.455 to 7.789 ng/g. The Re-Os isotope isochron age of 522.9 ± 8.6 Ma implies deposition of the Niutitang black shale predated the Chengjiang Fauna, providing an age constraint for the expansion of oceanic anoxia in the study area. The initial ^187Os/^188Os ratio of 0.826 ± 0.026 indi- cates that enhanced continental weathering might have triggered the expansion of the oceanic anoxia.
文摘Located on the northeast margin of the Qiangtang terrane between the Jinshajiang suture zone and Bangonghu-Nujiang suture zone,the Dongmozhazhua and Mohailaheng Pb-Zn deposits in the Yushu area of Qinghai Province are representative Pb-Zn deposits of the Pb-Zn-Cu polymetallic mineralization belt in the northern part of the Nujiang-Lancangjiang-Jinshajiang area,which are in the front belt of the Yushu thrust nappe system.The formed environments of these two deposits are different from those of sediment-hosted base metal deposits elsewhere in the world.The authors hold that they were formed during the Indian-Asian continental collision and developed within the fold-thrust belt combined with thrust and strike-slip-related Cenozoic basins in the interior of the collisional zone.Studying on the metallogenic epochs of these two deposits is helpful to the understanding of ore-forming regularity of the regional Pb-Zn-Cu mineralization belt and also to the search for new deposits in this region.The age of the Dongmozhazhua deposit has been determined by the Rb-Sr isochron method for sphalerite residues,whereas the age of the Mohailaheng deposit has been determined by the Rb-Sr isochron method for sphalerite residues and the Sm-Nd isochron method for fluorite.The age of the Dongmozhazhua deposit is 35.0-±0.0 Ma （（87Sr/86Sr）0=0.708807） for sphalerite residues.The age of the Mohailaheng deposit is 32.2±0.4 Ma （（87Sr/86Sr）o=0.708514） for sphalerite residues and 31.8±0.3 Ma （（143Nd/144Nd）o=0.512362） for fluorite with an average of 32.0 Ma.Together with the regional geological setting during mineralization,a possible tectonic model for metallogeny of the Dongmozhazhua and Mohailaheng Pb-Zn deposits has been established.These two ages are close to the ages of the Pb-Zn deposits in the Lanping and Tuotuohe basins,indicating that it is possible that the narrow 1000-kilometer-long belt controlled by a thrust nappe system on the eastern and northern margins of the Tibetan plateau could be a giant Pb-Zn mineralized belt.
基金supported by the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (PCSIRT)the 111 Project (No.B07011)
文摘Up to now, there were no systematic studies of geochemistry and isotopic age for the Yixian （义县） fluorite deposit, western Liaoning （辽宁） Province, China. Based on the analysis of metallogenic geological setting, we studied the REE, Rb-Sr and Sm-Nd isotopes. The chondrite-normalized REE patterns of fluorite are characterized by moderate LREE depletion （LREE/HREE=0.95-3.57, （La/Yb）N=0.08-2.84） and enrichment of Sr （146×10^-6-596×10^-6） and moderately positive Eu anomalies （δEu=1.10-1.34）, which are similar to those of the host Mesoproterozoic carbonate rocks. The fluorite display （^87Sr/^86Sr）t=-0.708 5, （^143Nd/^144Nd）t=-0.511 785, and δNd（t）=-12.8, which are similar to those of the host Mesoproterozoic carbonate rocks and volcanic rocks of Middle Jurassic Lanqi （蓝旗） Formation. The REE and Sr-Nd isotope geochemistry suggest that the source of the ore-forming material may be the volcanic rocks of Lanqi Formation and host carbonate rocks. The Sm-Nd isochron age of 154±14 Ma （MSWD=0.23） indicates that the Yixian fluorite mineralization nearly corresponds to the period of Lanqi Formation. Based on the integrated geological and geochemical studies, coupled with previous studies, we suggest that Yixian fluorite deposit formed in the extension setting of postcoilisional stage and may be attributed to the partial melting of ancient basaltic rocks in the lower crust induced by underplating of basic magma and to the reaction between the F-rich ore-forming fluids and the host carbonate rocks.
基金This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2016YFA0400504 and 2018YFA0404401)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB34000000)+4 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11905261,11805032,11975280,and 11605248)the CAS "Light of West China" Program,the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2019M660250)the FRIB-CSC Fellowship,China(No.201704910964)the International Postdoctoral Exchange Fellowship Program 2017 by the Office of China Postdoctoral Council(No.60 Document of OCPC,2017)the European Research Council(ERC)under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme(No.682841 "ASTRUm").
文摘Isochronous mass spectrometry(IMS)of heavyion storage rings is a powerful tool for the mass measurements of short-lived nuclei.In IMS experiments,masses are determined through precision measurements of the revolution times of the ions stored in the ring.However,the revolution times cannot be resolved for particles with nearly the same mass-to-charge(m/q)ratios.To overcome this limitation and to extract the accurate revolution times for such pairs of ion species with very close m/q ratios,in our early work on particle identification,we analyzed the amplitudes of the timing signals from the detector based on the emission of secondary electrons.Here,the previous data analysis method is further improved by considering the signal amplitudes,detection efficiencies,and number of stored ions in the ring.A sensitive Z-dependent parameter is introduced in the data analysis,leading to a better resolution of ^(34)Ar^(18+) and ^(51)Co^(27+) with A/Z=17/9.The mean revolution times of ^(34)Ar^(18+) and ^(51)Co^(27+) are deduced,although their time difference is merely 1.8 ps.The uncorrected,overlapped peak of these ions has a full width at half maximum of 7.7 ps.The mass excess of ^(51)Co was determined to be-27;332e41T keV,which is in agreement with the previous value of-27;342e48T keV.
基金supports provided by Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(contract No.03ZR14022)the“Tenth Five”National Key Technological Research and Development Program(contract No.2001BA803B03)National Natural Science Foundation of China(contract No.50225517)are gratefully acknowledged.
文摘In this work, a parametric approach is presented and utilized to determine the creep properties of weldments; then the model of creep strain for cross weld specimen is given. On the basis of the experimental results, attempt has been made to establish equations of the isochronous stress-strain for weld joint that can predict the function of loading and service time in use of the creep data of base metal and weld metal.
基金supported by the Aeronautics Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 2008ZC51
文摘IEEE 1394b is a high-speed data bus that is widely used in local area networks and consumer electronics. To best utilize this data bus, we need to fully understand its per- formance. To evaluate its performance for both isochronous and asynchronous data transfers, we model the IEEE 1394b bus using Deterministic and Stochastic Pelri Nets （DSPNs）, and conduct simulations using TimeNET 4.0. Using the DSPNs model, we simulate both the average waiting times of isochronous and asynchronous packets. From the simulation results, we determine the factors that influence performance, such as throughput, size of packets, arrival rate of packets, number of isochronous channels, and bus configuration.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52071284 and 51771172)。
文摘The precipitation behavior of a 7075 Al alloy during isochronal heat treatments at three different heating rates has been studied using differential scanning calorimetry,high-angle-annular-dark-field scanningtransmission-electron microscope and density functional theory calculation.In the early stage of aging,GPI and GPII zones form sequentially and cause two characteristic DSC peaks.Subsequently,the formation ofη_(1) precipitates takes place concurrently withη’.A novel type of metastable phaseη_(1)’is identified as the precursor ofη_(1),which can lower the lattice misfit betweenη_(1) and Al matrix along the direction of[1010]_(η_(1))//[001]_(Al).Accordingly,a pathway for the formation ofη_(1) viaη_(1)’is demonstrated.Precipitatesη’together withη_(1) andη_(1)’contribute to the third DSC peak.With the further increase of temperature,ηprecipitates become prevailing.Based on the quantitative analyses,the influence of the heating rate and ending temperature on the cross section and number density of phases formed is discussed.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China (41530104, 41303026)the projects of China Geological Survey (121201009000161427, DD20160029, DD20160030).
文摘The Wujiatai Formation, which is well exposed in Huangjiatai-Xichahe region of the northern Kongling area of central Yangtze Craton, is a suite of epimetamorphic conglomerates to pebbly sandstones to fine sandstone-dolostones deposited in littoral-carbonate platform facies. The formation has angular unconformity contacts with both the overlying Neoproterozoic Nantuo Formation and the underlying Paleoproterozoic Huanglianghe Formation complex. Detrital zircons from metafine sandstones of the lower Wujiatai Formation have ages ranging from 3377 –1828 Ma, with the youngest zircons dating to about 1828 Ma. In addition, whole-rock Pb-Pb isochron ages from dolostones in the upper Wujiatai Formation yield an age of 1718±230 Ma. These dates constrain the depositional age of the Wujiatai Formation between 1800 Ma and 1600 Ma. These are the earliest Mesoproterozoic sedimentary records reported in the Kongling region, and fill the gaps in Early Mesoproterozoic stratigraphy in Yangtze Craton. Histograms of detrital zircon ages for the Wujiatai Formation reveal four major peaks at 2039 Ma, 2691 Ma, 2966 Ma and 3377 Ma, which is consistent with the ages of the basement rocks that underlie the center of Yangtze Craton, indicating that sediment provenance is mainly from the Kongling complex. The lower Wujiatai Formation mainly consists of clastic rocks, whereas the upper Wujiatai Formation consists of dolostones. This stratigraphic change implies a deepening sequence in an expanding basin with an initial cratonic rifting tectonic setting, corresponding to the initial breakup of the Columbia supercontinent in Yangtze Craton.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42072142,41702121,U19B2007)。
文摘Radiogenic isotope dating of illitic clays has been widely used to reconstruct thermal and fluid flow events in siliciclastic sedimentary basins,the information of which is critical to investigate mechanisms of hydrocarbon maturation.This study carried out Rb-Sr and^(40)Ar-^(39)Ar dating of authigenic illitic clay samples separated from the Palaeogene sandstone in the northern South China Sea.Our Rb-Sr data further confirm the previously reported three periods of fluid flow events(at 34.5±0.9,31.2±0.6,and 23.6±0.8 Ma,respectively)in the northern South China Sea,which are related to regional episodic tectonism.However,^(40)Ar-^(39)Ar ages of illite obtained in this study are significantly younger than the corresponding Rb-Sr ages.The significantly younger^(40)Ar-^(39)Ar ages were probably due to ^(40)Ar loss caused by later dry heating events on the Hainan Island that have not affected the Rb-Sr isotopic systematics.The inconsistency between Rb-Sr and^(40)Ar-^(39)Ar data should be attributed to different isotopic behaviors of K-Ar and Rb-Sr isotopic systematics in illite.Our results indicate that Rb-Sr isotopic dating method may be a preferential approach for clay dating in geological settings where exist younger dry heating events.
文摘By using the magnetic field map, equilibrium orbit, operating point of v r and v z and beam trajectories after stripper for Cyclone 10/5 have been calculated. The positions of two strippers and two targets have been determined. The numerical simulation is consistent with experimental tests.
基金supported by funds from the Strategic Priority Research Program(B)of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB 41000000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41973002,41772187)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central UniversitiesNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada(NSERC)Discovery Grant to J.M Hanchar(RGPIN/004649-2015)。
文摘Due to its ubiquitous occurrence in igneous,metamorphic,and sedimentary rocks and its wide application in geochronology and geochemistry,zircon has become the most widely used accessory mineral in the geological community.Nevertheless,the decay of U and Th causes radiation damage to the zircon structure,resulting in various degrees of metamictization,which can affect the accuracy of U–Pb dates and Hf and O isotope results.If the degree of zircon radiation damage can be quantified,the influence on geochemical analyses can be evaluated,and the results can be corrected more precisely.In this paper,synthetic and natural zircon crystals with different crystallization ages were selected for Raman spectroscopy analysis,cathodoluminescence imaging,and determination of the U and Th concentrations.The results show that Raman FWHM(full width at half bandmaximum)and Raman shift correlate with alpha dose(Da)ofzirconsfollowingtheseequations,FWHM=44.36(±2.32)×[1-exp(-2.74×Da)]-+1.7(±0.19),Raman Shift=-6.53×Da+1007.69.Analysis of synthetic zircon crystals shows that doped REEs(rare earth elements and P)can also lead to an increase in the FWHM.However,this effect can be ignored for natural zircon samples with REE contents at a normal level of hundreds to a few thousand ppm.The FWHM and Raman shift can be used as proxies to measure the degree of zircon radiation damage.Using the updated equations to calculate the latest age when zircon began to accumulate radiation damage,a more accurate and more meaningful“radiation damage age”can be obtained.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.19531070)Natural Science Fundation of Hubei Province(No.98J121)
文摘The number of the limit cycles bifurcating in small quadratic perturbations of quadratic systems with an ischronous center is studied,it turns out that the cyclicity of the period annulus around one kind of quadratic isochronous center is two.
