Objective: To explore the pre-treatment and efficacy analysis of comprehensive anti-inflammatory treatment for lymphedema in patients with irritating contact dermatitis. Method: Convenience sampling method was used to...Objective: To explore the pre-treatment and efficacy analysis of comprehensive anti-inflammatory treatment for lymphedema in patients with irritating contact dermatitis. Method: Convenience sampling method was used to observe the skin of 160 patients with upper limb lymphedema admitted to the lymphedema outpatient department of our hospital. They were divided into an observation group (80 cases) and a control group (80 cases), and both groups received a course of comprehensive anti-inflammatory treatment (20 treatments). The control group received routine skin care;On the basis of the control group, the observation group received pre-treatment of the affected limb skin: Laofuzi herbal ointment was applied externally to the prone areas of irritating contact dermatitis (such as the upper arm, inner forearm, and cubital fossa). Result: The incidence of irritating contact dermatitis in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P 0.05). Patients in the observation group felt significantly better in terms of comfort, skin moisture, and itching relief after being wrapped with low elasticity bandages than those in the control group (P Conclusion: Preventive treatment can effectively reduce the incidence of irritating contact dermatitis, prolong the time of stress treatment, thereby increasing efficacy and improving patient compliance.展开更多
Objectives To investigate the barriers and facilitators influencing the sustainable implementation of evidence-based practice(EBP)for Peristomal Irritant Contact Dermatitis(PICD)based on the Consolidated Framework for...Objectives To investigate the barriers and facilitators influencing the sustainable implementation of evidence-based practice(EBP)for Peristomal Irritant Contact Dermatitis(PICD)based on the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research(CFIR).Methods The sample consisted of 17 nurses from three urology wards at a tertiary hospital in Beijing,China,who had participated in the EBP.Guided by the CFIR,we identified constructs influencing the sustainability of implementation by conducting a directed content analysis of the 17 individual in-depth interviews.By rating,the valence and magnitude of each construct were determined.Results This study identified 19 factors across the five domains of the CFIR.Among these determinants,16 were identified as barriers,while three were recognized as facilitators.Common barriers across different contexts were identified,such as delayed evidence updating,the complexity of intervention components and steps,and incompatibility between the implementation process and clinical practices.In contrast,facilitators of intervention implementation were regular communication and feedback,support and drive from principals and a positive cultural atmosphere.In addition,we identified“regular evidence updating”as an independent construct outside of the CFIR,a finding that will provide key information for updating the CFIR framework.Conclusions Regular evidence updating is crucial for the sustainability of EBP implementation.Researchers should receive consistent feedback from practitioners and adjust or modify the EBP as necessary.Additionally,researchers must consider the compatibility or adaptability of the EBP’s content with clinical practice in formulating it rather than adding additional complexity to the original workflow.展开更多
BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)affects approximately 9%-12%of the global population,presenting substantial diagnostic challenges due to symptom subjectivity and lack of definitive biomarkers.AIM To systematic...BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)affects approximately 9%-12%of the global population,presenting substantial diagnostic challenges due to symptom subjectivity and lack of definitive biomarkers.AIM To systematically examine the diagnostic accuracy of artificial intelligence(AI)models applied to various biomarkers in IBS diagnosis.METHODS A comprehensive search of six databases identified 18053 articles published up to May 31,2024.Following screening and eligibility criteria,six observational studies involving 1366 participants from the United Kingdom,China,and Japan were included.Risk of bias and reporting quality were assessed using quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies-2,prediction model risk of bias assessment tool-AI,and transparent reporting of a multivariable prediction model for individual prognosis or diagnosis-AI tools.Key metrics included sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,and area under the curve(AUC).RESULTS The included studies applied AI models such as random forests,support vector machines,and neural networks to biomarkers like fecal microbiome composition,gas chromatography data,neuroimaging features,and protease activity.Diagnostic accuracy ranged from 54% to 98%(AUC:0.61-0.99).Models using fecal microbiome data achieved the highest performance,with one study reporting 98%sensitivity and specificity(AUC=0.99).While most studies demonstrated high methodological quality,significant variability in datasets,biomarkers,and validation methods limited meta-analysis feasibility and generalizability.CONCLUSION AI models show potential to improve IBS diagnostic accuracy by integrating complex biomarkers which will aid the development of algorithms to direct treatment strategies.However,methodological inconsistencies and limited population diversity underscore the need for standardized protocols and external validation to ensure clinical applicability.展开更多
BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)is a prevalent functional gastrointestinal(FGITD)disorder,the diagnosis is based on Rome Criteria and other subjective tools.Because IBS overlaps with other FGITD and organic di...BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)is a prevalent functional gastrointestinal(FGITD)disorder,the diagnosis is based on Rome Criteria and other subjective tools.Because IBS overlaps with other FGITD and organic diseases,and the subjective tools do not apply to patients with cognitive decline,objective diagnostic tools are important in this category of patients.AIM To discuss the role of imaging in IBS diagnosis.METHODS We systematically searched three databases for articles published in the English language with no limitation to a specific period.The literature search was conducted in June and July 2024.The keywords used are IBS and functional bowel disorders,computed tomography,Magnetic Resonance Imaging,functional brain magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),and static brain MRI,and were linked with the terms"AND"and"OR".Out of the 679 articles,578 remained after duplication removal.However,50 full texts were used in the review.RESULTS Magnetic resonance imaging is superior due to its sensitivity,lack of radiation exposure,and lack of need for bowel preparation.Patients with IBS had smaller colonic and rectal volumes compared to healthy controls and functional constipation.Dynamic and static Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the brain showed increased activity,thinning,and increased volumes in specific areas of pain modulation.The above abnormalities are not uniform and vary significantly according to the type of IBS,the duration and intensity of symptoms,gender,and culture.CONCLUSION Magnetic resonance imaging shows smaller colonic and rectal volumes,and increased activity,thinning,and increased volumes in specific areas of pain modulation.Large trials incorporating all above limitations are needed.展开更多
[Objectives]To explore the mechanism of action of Tongxieyaofang ultrafine granular powder in treating visceral hypersensitivity in rats with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome(IBS-D)based on enteric glial ...[Objectives]To explore the mechanism of action of Tongxieyaofang ultrafine granular powder in treating visceral hypersensitivity in rats with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome(IBS-D)based on enteric glial cells(EGCs).[Methods]Eighty-four healthy male Wistar rats of SPF grade were selected and randomly assigned to seven groups,each comprising 12 rats:a normal control group,a model control group,a traditional Tongxieyaofang granular powder group(4.060 g/kg),three Tongxieyaofang ultrafine granular powder groups at low,medium,and high doses(1.015,2.030,and 4.060 g/kg of raw drug,respectively),and a pinaverium bromide group(0.018 g/kg).With the exception of the normal control group,all other groups were subjected to an IBS-D visceral hypersensitivity sensitivity model in rats developed by the chronic water avoidance stress method.Three days post modeling,the rats received continuous oral gavage administration for 8 d.Following the treatment period,serum and colon tissue samples were collected from each group.The BDNF level in the serum was quantified using ELISA.Additionally,the protein expression levels of GFAP,BDNF,and TrkB in colon tissues were assessed via Western blot assay.[Results]Compared to the normal control group,the serum BDNF levels in the model control group were significantly elevated(P<0.01).In contrast,each treatment group exhibited a significant reduction in serum BDNF levels relative to the model control group(P<0.01).Furthermore,the protein expression levels of GFAP,BDNF,and TrkB in colon tissue were significantly higher in the model control group compared to the normal control group(P<0.05,P<0.01).Conversely,these protein expressions were significantly decreased in each treatment group compared to the model control group(P<0.05,P<0.01).[Conclusions]Tongxieyaofang ultrafine granular powder effectively alleviates visceral sensitivity in IBS-D rats and inhibits the activation of EGCs,speculating that its mechanism of action involves the suppression of abnormal EGC activation.展开更多
BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)symptoms are common in patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),with systematic review reporting an overall pooled prevalence of 35-39%in patients with clinical remission.T...BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)symptoms are common in patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),with systematic review reporting an overall pooled prevalence of 35-39%in patients with clinical remission.This subset of patients reports a reduced quality of life and increased anxiety and depression.A multistrain probiotic(Symprove™,Symprove Ltd,Farnham,United Kingdom)has been shown to improve overall symptom severity in patients with IBS and is associated with decreased intestinal inflammation in patients with ulcerative colitis(UC),but not in Crohn’s disease(CD).AIM To ascertain whether this multi-strain probiotic would be effective in an IBS/IBD overlap population.METHODS The treatment of symptoms in the absence of inflammation in inflammatory bowel diseases trial was a randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled trial of a four-strain probiotic Symprove,containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus NCIMB 30174,Lactobacillus plantarum NCIMB 30173,Lactobacillus acidophilus NCIMB 30175 and Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 30176.The duration of the study was 3 months,at the end of which IBS-Symptom Severity Score(IBS-SSS)was repeated.Primary Endpoint was a 100-point reduction in IBS-SSS.RESULTS 61 participants were randomized into the intention-to-treat analysis.45%of patients receiving the active agent achieved the endpoint compared to 33%of those receiving placebo(P=0.42).In UC,50%of patients receiving placebo achieved the endpoint compared to 44%of those receiving the active agent(P=1.00).In CD 45%of those receiving the active agent achieved the endpoint compared to 29%of those receiving placebo(P=0.34).The mean change in IBS-SSS for patients receiving placebo was a reduction of 61 points,compared to a reduction in 90 points for patients receiving active agent(P=0.31).There was no difference between the groups with regard to IBD outcomes.CONCLUSION Probiotics may represent a safe and effective means of addressing the unmet clinical need for symptom relief in patients with overlapping IBS and IBD,especially in those with CD.展开更多
This study explored the therapeutic effect of trimebutine maleate dispersible tablets combined with berberine on PI-IBS rats with liver depression and spleen deficiency.Fifty male rats were divided into five groups:no...This study explored the therapeutic effect of trimebutine maleate dispersible tablets combined with berberine on PI-IBS rats with liver depression and spleen deficiency.Fifty male rats were divided into five groups:normal,model,berberine(XB),trimebutine(QM),and combination(XB+QM).The PI-IBS model was established using maternal separation,TNBS perfusion,and chronic restraint.After 20 days of drug intervention,DAI,CMDI,TDI,AWR scores,histopathology,and expression levels of c-Fos,VIP,NOS,and CHAT in the hippocampus and colon were assessed.The model group showed significant gut and brain changes,while the combination group(XB+QM)improved fecal characteristics,reduced inflammation,regulated brain-gut peptide expression,and alleviated visceral hypersensitivity and colon tissue damage(P<0.05).展开更多
BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrome with predominant constipation(IBS-C)is a chronic gastrointestinal disorder that significantly impacts the quality of life of patients and currently lacks a definitive treatment.The ...BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrome with predominant constipation(IBS-C)is a chronic gastrointestinal disorder that significantly impacts the quality of life of patients and currently lacks a definitive treatment.The use of electroacupuncture(EA)has demonstrated clinical efficacy in treating IBS-C and the gut-brain axis modulation,though its mechanisms remain unclear.AIM To investigate gut-brain-microbiota axis alteration and EA-associated microbial changes in IBS-C patients and treatment responders.METHODS This study consisted of two phases.The first phase was a cross-sectional study recruiting sixteen IBS-C patients and 16 healthy controls.Baseline fecal samples were collected to assess gut microbiota profiles between the two groups.The second phase was an observational longitudinal study in which the 16 IBS-C patients underwent nine EA sessions over one month.Gut microbiota profiles and clinical outcomes were assessed post-treatment course and at a one-month follow-up.RESULTS IBS-C patients exhibited significant gut dysbiosis,as indicated by altered beta diversity compared to healthy controls.EA significantly improved clinical outcomes and gut dysbiosis,with sustained therapeutic effects and normalization of neurotransmitter-related metabolic pathways observed at one-month follow-up.Notably,the gut bacterium Senegalimassilia was positively associated with symptom improvement,suggesting its potential as a predictive biomarker of EA responsiveness.CONCLUSION These findings support the integration of EA into IBS-C management and highlight Senegalimassilia as a candidate microbial biomarker for treatment response.展开更多
BACKGROUND Intraoral honeybee stings are very rare.Stings by these insects occur 25%of the time in the head and neck region.In addition,a stinger intraorally can lead to persistent irritation,inflammation,and secondar...BACKGROUND Intraoral honeybee stings are very rare.Stings by these insects occur 25%of the time in the head and neck region.In addition,a stinger intraorally can lead to persistent irritation,inflammation,and secondary infections if not promptly excised.CASE SUMMARY We report the case of a 52-year-old female patient who was stung in her mouth by a honeybee,causing a local irritation.The patient presented with a one-month history of pain,swelling,and redness in the left buccal mucosa.Inadvertently retained,the stinger was discovered during a clinical evaluation following initial treatment for facial swelling and erythema.After the stinger was removed,the patient’s symptoms resolved without complications.CONCLUSION This case emphasizes the importance of thorough examination and prompt management of insect stings to prevent prolonged discomfort and potential complications.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to analyze the medication laws of traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions for the treatment of spleen-deficiency irritable bowel syndrome in Guanling Autonomous County Hospital ...[Objectives]This study was conducted to analyze the medication laws of traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions for the treatment of spleen-deficiency irritable bowel syndrome in Guanling Autonomous County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine.[Methods]Prescriptions for the treatment of spleen-deficiency irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)were retrieved from the TCM family of the hospital,traditional Chinese medical doctor Wu Zhongli,in the period from November 2023 to April 2024.Microsoft Excel 2007 was employed to set up an information table of TCM prescriptions,and the age,gender,herbal properties,efficacy categories and the frequency of use were analyzed to explore the medication laws of TCM in the hospital for the treatment of spleen-deficiency irritable bowel syndrome.[Results]Among the 259 TCM prescriptions included,152 kinds of TCM decoction pieces were used.The decoction pieces were mainly warm in nature,and decoction pieces cold in nature took the second place.The flavors of the herbs were mostly sweet,bitter and pungent.Most of them were attributive to the spleen,stomach meridian and lung meridians,and the herbs were mainly used for tonifying deficiency and regulating qi.The herbs with higher frequency of use included Radix Glycyrrhiza,Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae,poria,and Angelicae Sinensis Radix,the main effects of which are replenishing qi to invigorate the spleen,activating qi and eliminating phlegm,clearing damp and promoting diuresis,and relaxing bowel.[Conclusions]Chinese medicine treatment of IBS with spleen deficiency in hospitals is mainly based on replenishing qi to invigorate the spleen,activating qi and eliminating phlegm,clearing damp and promoting diuresis,and relaxing bowel,and Xiangsha Liujunzi Decoction is commonly used in clinical treatment based on syndrome differentiation with modifications.展开更多
BACKGROUND The relationship between exercise and gastrointestinal(GI)health is complex and bidirectional.While moderate exercise generally promotes gut health by enhancing motility,reducing inflammation,and supporting...BACKGROUND The relationship between exercise and gastrointestinal(GI)health is complex and bidirectional.While moderate exercise generally promotes gut health by enhancing motility,reducing inflammation,and supporting microbial balance,intense or prolonged physical activity may exacerbate GI symptoms,particularly in individuals with preexisting digestive disorders.A deeper understanding of this interplay is essential for optimizing both exercise performance and GI well-being.AIM To synthesize current evidence on exercise-related GI disorders,exploring the prevalence,mechanisms,risk factors,and management strategies associated with exercise-induced GI symptoms.METHODS Following PRISMA guidelines,comprehensive searches of databases,including PubMed,Scopus,Web of Science,and EMBASE were conducted.Studies were included if they focused on exercise-induced GI disorders,encompassed randomized controlled trials,cohort studies,case-control studies,and cross-sectional designs,and addressed symptoms across various exercise modalities.Data were extracted and analyzed to identify patterns and implications for clinical and athletic practice.RESULTS A total of 231 studies met the inclusion criteria,highlighting both the benefits and risks of exercise on GI health.Regular moderate-intensity exercise,including activities such as walking,cycling,and yoga has been associated with improved GI function in conditions like gastroesophageal reflux disease,irritable bowel syndrome,inflammatory bowel disease,and constipation.These benefits are attributed to enhanced intestinal motility,reduced systemic inflammation,and improved gut barrier integrity.Additionally,exercise plays a role in regulating the gut-brain axis,with practices like yoga and Tai Chi demonstrating particular effectiveness in alleviating functional GI disorders.Conversely,high-intensity or prolonged exercise may contribute to symptoms such as nausea,diarrhea,and abdominal pain due to mechanisms like splanchnic hypoperfusion and increased intestinal permeability.Individual factors,including fitness level,dietary habits,hydration status,and underlying GI conditions,significantly influence the body’s response to exercise.CONCLUSION Moderate-intensity exercise is a beneficial and well-tolerated intervention for promoting GI health,whereas highintensity activities require careful monitoring,particularly in individuals with pre-existing GI disorders.Personalized exercise and dietary strategies are essential for balancing the benefits of physical activity with the risk of GI distress.Further research is needed to explore the long-term effects of exercise on gut microbiota composition and overall digestive health.展开更多
The recent study published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology examines the interplay among the neuroendocrine axis,gut microbiota,inflammatory markers,and gastrointestinal symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome(IB...The recent study published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology examines the interplay among the neuroendocrine axis,gut microbiota,inflammatory markers,and gastrointestinal symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome(IBS).By integrating all these factors into a single study,this approach reflects the modern concept of functional gastrointestinal disorders as disorders of the gut-brain interaction to be approached in a multiparametric manner,also incorporating non-gastroentero-logical elements and extending evaluations to parameters related to the neuroen-docrine axis.This invited letter to the editor summarizes the main results of the aforementioned study and highlights its multiparametric approach,including variables not strictly gastroenterological,in the study of IBS,and discusses its strengths and limitations.展开更多
Diarrhea predominant irritable bowel syndrome(IBS-D)have a serious impact on the patient’s quality life due to the lack of safe and effective drugs.The transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1(TRPV1)is an ion...Diarrhea predominant irritable bowel syndrome(IBS-D)have a serious impact on the patient’s quality life due to the lack of safe and effective drugs.The transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1(TRPV1)is an ion channel receptor implicated in the perception of visceral injury.Recent studies indicated that TRPV1 mediates visceral hypersensitivity in IBS-D patients by enhancing the excitability of intestinal sensory neurons.Consequently,inhibiting the TRPV1 may be a promising option for the treatment of IBS-D.Current research demonstrates that various traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)methods,such as herbal prescriptions,acupuncture,and moxibustion,can reduce visceral sensitivity by regulating TRPV1 expression and its activation sensitization.This suggests that TCM methods may serve as safe and effective options for alleviating IBS-D.Therefore,this article summarizes potential therapeutic strategies of TCM as a regulator of TRPV1 for managing IBS-D.It also provides insights into potential TCM methods and natural phytochemical molecular nuclei for future drug research targeting TRPV1 in IBS-D.展开更多
Piezo2,a mechanosensitive ion channel,serves as a crucial mechanotransducer in dental primary afferent(DPA)neurons and is potentially involved in hypersensitivity to mild mechanical irritations observed in dental pati...Piezo2,a mechanosensitive ion channel,serves as a crucial mechanotransducer in dental primary afferent(DPA)neurons and is potentially involved in hypersensitivity to mild mechanical irritations observed in dental patients.Given Piezo2’s widespread expression across diverse subpopulations of DPA neurons,this study aimed to characterize the mechanosensory properties of Piezo2-expressing DPA neurons with a focus on distinct features of voltage-gated sodium channels(VGSCs)and neuropeptide profiles.Using whole-cell patch-clamp recordings,we observed mechanically activated action potentials(APs)and classified AP waveforms based on the presence or absence of a hump during the repolarization phase.Single-cell reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction combined with patch-clamp recordings revealed specific associations between AP waveforms and molecular properties,including tetrodotoxin-resistant VGSCs(NaV1.8 and NaV1.9)and TRPV1 expression.Reanalysis of the transcriptomic dataset of DPA neurons identified correlations between neuropeptides—including two CGRP isoforms(α-CGRP andβ-CGRP),Substance P,and Galanin—and the expression of NaV1.8 and NaV1.9,which were linked to defined AP subtypes.These molecular associations were further validated in Piezo2+DPA neurons using fluorescence in situ hybridization.Together,these findings highlight the electrophysiological and neurochemical heterogeneity of Piezo2-expressing DPA neurons and their specialized roles in distinct mechanosensory signal transmission.展开更多
Mast cells(MCs)under stress conditions contribute to the development of irritable bowel syndrome(IBS),yet their precise mechanisms in IBS remain unclear.AIM To investigate the role of MC-derived thymosinβ4(Tβ4)in st...Mast cells(MCs)under stress conditions contribute to the development of irritable bowel syndrome(IBS),yet their precise mechanisms in IBS remain unclear.AIM To investigate the role of MC-derived thymosinβ4(Tβ4)in stress-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction.METHODS The colonic mucus Tβ4 levels in IBS patients were determined and their effects on the epithelial barrier were assessed in vitro and in vivo.Specifically,rats genetically deficient in Tβ4(Tβ4^(-/-))or mice deficient in MCs(Kit^(w-sh/w-sh))were used to observe the effects of reintroducing Tβ4 or wild-type peritoneal MCs(wt-PMCs)into these animals.Additionally,the regulatory mechanism underlying Tβ4 secretion in MCs was investigated.RESULTS We demonstrated that high levels of Tβ4 in IBS mucus and intestinal MCs mediate stress-associated disruptive changes to the epithelial barrier.Moreover,Tβ4 treatment of wild-type or MC-deficient Kit^(w-sh/w-sh)mice caused a reduction in tight junction proteins and the interleukin 22 receptor A1(IL22RA1)/Reg3γcascade,but an increase in myosin light chain kinase.Furthermore,Tβ4^(-/-)rats were resistant to stress,though reintroduction of Tβ4 or wt-PMCs restored stress or corticotropin-releasing hormone(CRH)-induced barrier disturbance.Consistently,Tβ4 release from MCs was dependent on the CRH receptor 1,but not degranulation.The effect of Tβ4 was accompanied by IL22RA1/Janus kinase 1(JAK1)/signal transducer and activation of transcription 3(STAT3)pathway inhibition,suggesting a mechanism for physical and immune barrier suppression.CONCLUSION Collectively,these results suggest that Tβ4,which is abundant in IBS mucus and the secretome of MCs,plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of IBS via IL22RA1/JAK1/STAT3 signaling,with potential implications for diagnostic and therapeutic targeting.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To explore the therapeutic effect and target of atractylenolide I(AT-I)on post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome(PI-IBS)rats.METHODS:Therefore,the preliminarily mechanism of AT-I in anti-PI-IBS were first ...OBJECTIVE:To explore the therapeutic effect and target of atractylenolide I(AT-I)on post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome(PI-IBS)rats.METHODS:Therefore,the preliminarily mechanism of AT-I in anti-PI-IBS were first predicted by network pharmacology and molecular docking,then the possible signaling pathways were systematically analyzed.Finally,the potential therapeutic targets and possible signaling pathways of AT-I on PI-IBS in Sprague-Dawley(SD)rat model were verified by experiments.RESULTS:AT-I could alleviate PI-IBS symptoms and reduce the expression of tumor necrosis factorα,interleukin-6 and Interferon-gamma in PI-IBS SD rat model and inhibit the c-Jun N-terminal kinase/inducible nitric oxide synthase(JNK/iNOS)pathway.Notably,AT-I treatment could inhibit the overexpression of polymeraseⅠand transcript release factor(PTRF).CONCLUSION:AT-I could alleviate PI-IBS symptoms through downregulation of PTRF and inhibiting the JNK/iNOS pathway.This study not only provides a scientific basis to clarify the anti-PI-IBS effect of AT-I and its mechanism but also suggests a novel promising therapeutic strategy to treat the PI-IBS.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the therapeutic effect of Shu Gan Jian Pi Yi Qi prescription combined with grain-sized moxibustion on diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome(IBS-D)with liver depression and spleen deficien...Objective:To evaluate the therapeutic effect of Shu Gan Jian Pi Yi Qi prescription combined with grain-sized moxibustion on diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome(IBS-D)with liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome.Methods:60 patients with IBS-D(liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome)treated in the outpatient clinic from January 2021 to December 2023 were selected and randomly divided into two groups using a random number table.The combined group was treated with Shu Gan Jian Pi Yi Qi prescription and grain-sized moxibustion,while the reference group was treated with western medication.The total effective rate,IBS symptom severity score(IBS-SSS),Bristol stool scale score,and IBS-specific quality of life questionnaire(IBSQOL)were compared between the two groups.Results:The total effective rate of the combined group was higher than that of the reference group(P<0.05).Before treatment,there were no differences in IBS-SSS score,Bristol stool scale score,and IBSQOL score between the two groups(P>0.05).After treatment,the IBS-SSS score and Bristol stool scale score of the combined group were lower than those of the reference group,while the IBSQOL score was higher(P<0.05).Conclusion:Shu Gan Jian Pi Yi Qi prescription combined with grain-sized moxibustion can improve the symptoms of IBS-D patients,including stool characteristics,and enhance their quality of life.展开更多
Menstrual hygiene products(MHPs)like tampons,sanitary towels and panty liners are widely used by women and come in close contact with the intimate parts of the human body,which consist of mucosae that lack the importa...Menstrual hygiene products(MHPs)like tampons,sanitary towels and panty liners are widely used by women and come in close contact with the intimate parts of the human body,which consist of mucosae that lack the important barrier function of normal skin.Hence,substances leaching from MHP can easily penetrate and become systemically available.This study aims to develop a new in chemico methodology that allows to identify and measure realistic consumer exposure levels of several skin sensitizers and irritants leaching from MHPs under simulated use conditions.To assess the leaching of chemicals from MHPs,a menstrual fluid simulant(MFS)simulating pH,osmolarity and protein binding was first established.Subsequently,an analytical methodology was developed for nine well-known skin sensitizers and skin irritants.In short,the MFS samples underwent salting-out assisted liquid-liquid extraction before ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with a triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry analysis.Validation was performed according to the total error approach with acceptability limits of±15%regarding the total analytical error(including systematic and random bias).Fifteen commercially available MHPs were assessed.Six products were found to leach at least one of the following five sensitizing and irritating compounds:a-isomethyl ionone,benzyl salicylate,hexyl cinnamaldehyde,linalool and piperonal.Piperonal was the most abundant compound leaching from the MHPs,with leaching concentration levels measured to 28.22 mg/g.In addition,the leaching level of benzyl salicylate was found to be 11.03 mg/g.The latter fragrance concentration is above 10 mg/g and would trigger mandatory labelling if the Cosmetic Regulation would apply for MHPs.However,none of the identified and quantified skin sensitizers were mentioned on the packaging.In conclusion,this novel methodology makes it possible to estimate realistic human exposure levels to skin sensitizers and irritants through the use of MHPs.Availability of these exposure estimates is vital to carry out a quantitative health risk assessment of these substances.展开更多
BACKGROUND This study examines the complex relationships among the neuroendocrine axis,gut microbiome,inflammatory responses,and gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome(IBS).The findings pr...BACKGROUND This study examines the complex relationships among the neuroendocrine axis,gut microbiome,inflammatory responses,and gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome(IBS).The findings provide new insights into the pathophysiology of IBS and suggest potential therapeutic targets for improving patient outcomes.AIM To investigate the interactions between the neuroendocrine axis,gut microbiome,inflammation,and gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with IBS.METHODS Patients diagnosed with IBS between January 2022 and January 2023 were selected for the study.Healthy individuals undergoing routine check-ups during the same period served as the control group.Data were collected on neuroendocrine hormone levels,gut microbiome profiles,inflammatory biomarkers,and gastrointestinal symptomatology to analyze their interrelations and their potential roles in IBS pathogenesis.RESULTS IBS patients exhibited significant dysregulation of the neuroendocrine axis,with altered levels of cortisol,serotonin,and neuropeptides compared to healthy controls.The gut microbiome of IBS patients showed reduced diversity and specific alterations in bacterial genera,including Bifidobacterium,Lactobacillus,and Faecalibacterium,which were associated with neuroendocrine disturbances.Additionally,elevated levels of inflammatory markers,such as C-reactive protein,interleukin-6,and tumor necrosis factor-α,were observed and correlated with the severity of gastrointestinal symptoms like abdominal pain,bloating,and altered bowel habits.CONCLUSION The findings suggest that targeting the neuroendocrine axis,gut microbiome,and inflammatory pathways may offer novel therapeutic strategies to alleviate symptoms and improve the quality of life in IBS patients.展开更多
文摘Objective: To explore the pre-treatment and efficacy analysis of comprehensive anti-inflammatory treatment for lymphedema in patients with irritating contact dermatitis. Method: Convenience sampling method was used to observe the skin of 160 patients with upper limb lymphedema admitted to the lymphedema outpatient department of our hospital. They were divided into an observation group (80 cases) and a control group (80 cases), and both groups received a course of comprehensive anti-inflammatory treatment (20 treatments). The control group received routine skin care;On the basis of the control group, the observation group received pre-treatment of the affected limb skin: Laofuzi herbal ointment was applied externally to the prone areas of irritating contact dermatitis (such as the upper arm, inner forearm, and cubital fossa). Result: The incidence of irritating contact dermatitis in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P 0.05). Patients in the observation group felt significantly better in terms of comfort, skin moisture, and itching relief after being wrapped with low elasticity bandages than those in the control group (P Conclusion: Preventive treatment can effectively reduce the incidence of irritating contact dermatitis, prolong the time of stress treatment, thereby increasing efficacy and improving patient compliance.
基金supported by the Peking University Nursing Discipline Research Development Fund(No.TYZH2023001)。
文摘Objectives To investigate the barriers and facilitators influencing the sustainable implementation of evidence-based practice(EBP)for Peristomal Irritant Contact Dermatitis(PICD)based on the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research(CFIR).Methods The sample consisted of 17 nurses from three urology wards at a tertiary hospital in Beijing,China,who had participated in the EBP.Guided by the CFIR,we identified constructs influencing the sustainability of implementation by conducting a directed content analysis of the 17 individual in-depth interviews.By rating,the valence and magnitude of each construct were determined.Results This study identified 19 factors across the five domains of the CFIR.Among these determinants,16 were identified as barriers,while three were recognized as facilitators.Common barriers across different contexts were identified,such as delayed evidence updating,the complexity of intervention components and steps,and incompatibility between the implementation process and clinical practices.In contrast,facilitators of intervention implementation were regular communication and feedback,support and drive from principals and a positive cultural atmosphere.In addition,we identified“regular evidence updating”as an independent construct outside of the CFIR,a finding that will provide key information for updating the CFIR framework.Conclusions Regular evidence updating is crucial for the sustainability of EBP implementation.Researchers should receive consistent feedback from practitioners and adjust or modify the EBP as necessary.Additionally,researchers must consider the compatibility or adaptability of the EBP’s content with clinical practice in formulating it rather than adding additional complexity to the original workflow.
文摘BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)affects approximately 9%-12%of the global population,presenting substantial diagnostic challenges due to symptom subjectivity and lack of definitive biomarkers.AIM To systematically examine the diagnostic accuracy of artificial intelligence(AI)models applied to various biomarkers in IBS diagnosis.METHODS A comprehensive search of six databases identified 18053 articles published up to May 31,2024.Following screening and eligibility criteria,six observational studies involving 1366 participants from the United Kingdom,China,and Japan were included.Risk of bias and reporting quality were assessed using quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies-2,prediction model risk of bias assessment tool-AI,and transparent reporting of a multivariable prediction model for individual prognosis or diagnosis-AI tools.Key metrics included sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,and area under the curve(AUC).RESULTS The included studies applied AI models such as random forests,support vector machines,and neural networks to biomarkers like fecal microbiome composition,gas chromatography data,neuroimaging features,and protease activity.Diagnostic accuracy ranged from 54% to 98%(AUC:0.61-0.99).Models using fecal microbiome data achieved the highest performance,with one study reporting 98%sensitivity and specificity(AUC=0.99).While most studies demonstrated high methodological quality,significant variability in datasets,biomarkers,and validation methods limited meta-analysis feasibility and generalizability.CONCLUSION AI models show potential to improve IBS diagnostic accuracy by integrating complex biomarkers which will aid the development of algorithms to direct treatment strategies.However,methodological inconsistencies and limited population diversity underscore the need for standardized protocols and external validation to ensure clinical applicability.
基金acknowledge the Saudi Digital Library for accessing the databases.
文摘BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)is a prevalent functional gastrointestinal(FGITD)disorder,the diagnosis is based on Rome Criteria and other subjective tools.Because IBS overlaps with other FGITD and organic diseases,and the subjective tools do not apply to patients with cognitive decline,objective diagnostic tools are important in this category of patients.AIM To discuss the role of imaging in IBS diagnosis.METHODS We systematically searched three databases for articles published in the English language with no limitation to a specific period.The literature search was conducted in June and July 2024.The keywords used are IBS and functional bowel disorders,computed tomography,Magnetic Resonance Imaging,functional brain magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),and static brain MRI,and were linked with the terms"AND"and"OR".Out of the 679 articles,578 remained after duplication removal.However,50 full texts were used in the review.RESULTS Magnetic resonance imaging is superior due to its sensitivity,lack of radiation exposure,and lack of need for bowel preparation.Patients with IBS had smaller colonic and rectal volumes compared to healthy controls and functional constipation.Dynamic and static Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the brain showed increased activity,thinning,and increased volumes in specific areas of pain modulation.The above abnormalities are not uniform and vary significantly according to the type of IBS,the duration and intensity of symptoms,gender,and culture.CONCLUSION Magnetic resonance imaging shows smaller colonic and rectal volumes,and increased activity,thinning,and increased volumes in specific areas of pain modulation.Large trials incorporating all above limitations are needed.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Plan Project of Zhongshan City(2022B1126).
文摘[Objectives]To explore the mechanism of action of Tongxieyaofang ultrafine granular powder in treating visceral hypersensitivity in rats with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome(IBS-D)based on enteric glial cells(EGCs).[Methods]Eighty-four healthy male Wistar rats of SPF grade were selected and randomly assigned to seven groups,each comprising 12 rats:a normal control group,a model control group,a traditional Tongxieyaofang granular powder group(4.060 g/kg),three Tongxieyaofang ultrafine granular powder groups at low,medium,and high doses(1.015,2.030,and 4.060 g/kg of raw drug,respectively),and a pinaverium bromide group(0.018 g/kg).With the exception of the normal control group,all other groups were subjected to an IBS-D visceral hypersensitivity sensitivity model in rats developed by the chronic water avoidance stress method.Three days post modeling,the rats received continuous oral gavage administration for 8 d.Following the treatment period,serum and colon tissue samples were collected from each group.The BDNF level in the serum was quantified using ELISA.Additionally,the protein expression levels of GFAP,BDNF,and TrkB in colon tissues were assessed via Western blot assay.[Results]Compared to the normal control group,the serum BDNF levels in the model control group were significantly elevated(P<0.01).In contrast,each treatment group exhibited a significant reduction in serum BDNF levels relative to the model control group(P<0.01).Furthermore,the protein expression levels of GFAP,BDNF,and TrkB in colon tissue were significantly higher in the model control group compared to the normal control group(P<0.05,P<0.01).Conversely,these protein expressions were significantly decreased in each treatment group compared to the model control group(P<0.05,P<0.01).[Conclusions]Tongxieyaofang ultrafine granular powder effectively alleviates visceral sensitivity in IBS-D rats and inhibits the activation of EGCs,speculating that its mechanism of action involves the suppression of abnormal EGC activation.
文摘BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)symptoms are common in patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),with systematic review reporting an overall pooled prevalence of 35-39%in patients with clinical remission.This subset of patients reports a reduced quality of life and increased anxiety and depression.A multistrain probiotic(Symprove™,Symprove Ltd,Farnham,United Kingdom)has been shown to improve overall symptom severity in patients with IBS and is associated with decreased intestinal inflammation in patients with ulcerative colitis(UC),but not in Crohn’s disease(CD).AIM To ascertain whether this multi-strain probiotic would be effective in an IBS/IBD overlap population.METHODS The treatment of symptoms in the absence of inflammation in inflammatory bowel diseases trial was a randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled trial of a four-strain probiotic Symprove,containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus NCIMB 30174,Lactobacillus plantarum NCIMB 30173,Lactobacillus acidophilus NCIMB 30175 and Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 30176.The duration of the study was 3 months,at the end of which IBS-Symptom Severity Score(IBS-SSS)was repeated.Primary Endpoint was a 100-point reduction in IBS-SSS.RESULTS 61 participants were randomized into the intention-to-treat analysis.45%of patients receiving the active agent achieved the endpoint compared to 33%of those receiving placebo(P=0.42).In UC,50%of patients receiving placebo achieved the endpoint compared to 44%of those receiving the active agent(P=1.00).In CD 45%of those receiving the active agent achieved the endpoint compared to 29%of those receiving placebo(P=0.34).The mean change in IBS-SSS for patients receiving placebo was a reduction of 61 points,compared to a reduction in 90 points for patients receiving active agent(P=0.31).There was no difference between the groups with regard to IBD outcomes.CONCLUSION Probiotics may represent a safe and effective means of addressing the unmet clinical need for symptom relief in patients with overlapping IBS and IBD,especially in those with CD.
基金Science and Technology Fund Project of Guizhou Provincial Health Commission(Project No.:gawkj2021-225).
文摘This study explored the therapeutic effect of trimebutine maleate dispersible tablets combined with berberine on PI-IBS rats with liver depression and spleen deficiency.Fifty male rats were divided into five groups:normal,model,berberine(XB),trimebutine(QM),and combination(XB+QM).The PI-IBS model was established using maternal separation,TNBS perfusion,and chronic restraint.After 20 days of drug intervention,DAI,CMDI,TDI,AWR scores,histopathology,and expression levels of c-Fos,VIP,NOS,and CHAT in the hippocampus and colon were assessed.The model group showed significant gut and brain changes,while the combination group(XB+QM)improved fecal characteristics,reduced inflammation,regulated brain-gut peptide expression,and alleviated visceral hypersensitivity and colon tissue damage(P<0.05).
文摘BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrome with predominant constipation(IBS-C)is a chronic gastrointestinal disorder that significantly impacts the quality of life of patients and currently lacks a definitive treatment.The use of electroacupuncture(EA)has demonstrated clinical efficacy in treating IBS-C and the gut-brain axis modulation,though its mechanisms remain unclear.AIM To investigate gut-brain-microbiota axis alteration and EA-associated microbial changes in IBS-C patients and treatment responders.METHODS This study consisted of two phases.The first phase was a cross-sectional study recruiting sixteen IBS-C patients and 16 healthy controls.Baseline fecal samples were collected to assess gut microbiota profiles between the two groups.The second phase was an observational longitudinal study in which the 16 IBS-C patients underwent nine EA sessions over one month.Gut microbiota profiles and clinical outcomes were assessed post-treatment course and at a one-month follow-up.RESULTS IBS-C patients exhibited significant gut dysbiosis,as indicated by altered beta diversity compared to healthy controls.EA significantly improved clinical outcomes and gut dysbiosis,with sustained therapeutic effects and normalization of neurotransmitter-related metabolic pathways observed at one-month follow-up.Notably,the gut bacterium Senegalimassilia was positively associated with symptom improvement,suggesting its potential as a predictive biomarker of EA responsiveness.CONCLUSION These findings support the integration of EA into IBS-C management and highlight Senegalimassilia as a candidate microbial biomarker for treatment response.
文摘BACKGROUND Intraoral honeybee stings are very rare.Stings by these insects occur 25%of the time in the head and neck region.In addition,a stinger intraorally can lead to persistent irritation,inflammation,and secondary infections if not promptly excised.CASE SUMMARY We report the case of a 52-year-old female patient who was stung in her mouth by a honeybee,causing a local irritation.The patient presented with a one-month history of pain,swelling,and redness in the left buccal mucosa.Inadvertently retained,the stinger was discovered during a clinical evaluation following initial treatment for facial swelling and erythema.After the stinger was removed,the patient’s symptoms resolved without complications.CONCLUSION This case emphasizes the importance of thorough examination and prompt management of insect stings to prevent prolonged discomfort and potential complications.
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to analyze the medication laws of traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions for the treatment of spleen-deficiency irritable bowel syndrome in Guanling Autonomous County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine.[Methods]Prescriptions for the treatment of spleen-deficiency irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)were retrieved from the TCM family of the hospital,traditional Chinese medical doctor Wu Zhongli,in the period from November 2023 to April 2024.Microsoft Excel 2007 was employed to set up an information table of TCM prescriptions,and the age,gender,herbal properties,efficacy categories and the frequency of use were analyzed to explore the medication laws of TCM in the hospital for the treatment of spleen-deficiency irritable bowel syndrome.[Results]Among the 259 TCM prescriptions included,152 kinds of TCM decoction pieces were used.The decoction pieces were mainly warm in nature,and decoction pieces cold in nature took the second place.The flavors of the herbs were mostly sweet,bitter and pungent.Most of them were attributive to the spleen,stomach meridian and lung meridians,and the herbs were mainly used for tonifying deficiency and regulating qi.The herbs with higher frequency of use included Radix Glycyrrhiza,Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae,poria,and Angelicae Sinensis Radix,the main effects of which are replenishing qi to invigorate the spleen,activating qi and eliminating phlegm,clearing damp and promoting diuresis,and relaxing bowel.[Conclusions]Chinese medicine treatment of IBS with spleen deficiency in hospitals is mainly based on replenishing qi to invigorate the spleen,activating qi and eliminating phlegm,clearing damp and promoting diuresis,and relaxing bowel,and Xiangsha Liujunzi Decoction is commonly used in clinical treatment based on syndrome differentiation with modifications.
文摘BACKGROUND The relationship between exercise and gastrointestinal(GI)health is complex and bidirectional.While moderate exercise generally promotes gut health by enhancing motility,reducing inflammation,and supporting microbial balance,intense or prolonged physical activity may exacerbate GI symptoms,particularly in individuals with preexisting digestive disorders.A deeper understanding of this interplay is essential for optimizing both exercise performance and GI well-being.AIM To synthesize current evidence on exercise-related GI disorders,exploring the prevalence,mechanisms,risk factors,and management strategies associated with exercise-induced GI symptoms.METHODS Following PRISMA guidelines,comprehensive searches of databases,including PubMed,Scopus,Web of Science,and EMBASE were conducted.Studies were included if they focused on exercise-induced GI disorders,encompassed randomized controlled trials,cohort studies,case-control studies,and cross-sectional designs,and addressed symptoms across various exercise modalities.Data were extracted and analyzed to identify patterns and implications for clinical and athletic practice.RESULTS A total of 231 studies met the inclusion criteria,highlighting both the benefits and risks of exercise on GI health.Regular moderate-intensity exercise,including activities such as walking,cycling,and yoga has been associated with improved GI function in conditions like gastroesophageal reflux disease,irritable bowel syndrome,inflammatory bowel disease,and constipation.These benefits are attributed to enhanced intestinal motility,reduced systemic inflammation,and improved gut barrier integrity.Additionally,exercise plays a role in regulating the gut-brain axis,with practices like yoga and Tai Chi demonstrating particular effectiveness in alleviating functional GI disorders.Conversely,high-intensity or prolonged exercise may contribute to symptoms such as nausea,diarrhea,and abdominal pain due to mechanisms like splanchnic hypoperfusion and increased intestinal permeability.Individual factors,including fitness level,dietary habits,hydration status,and underlying GI conditions,significantly influence the body’s response to exercise.CONCLUSION Moderate-intensity exercise is a beneficial and well-tolerated intervention for promoting GI health,whereas highintensity activities require careful monitoring,particularly in individuals with pre-existing GI disorders.Personalized exercise and dietary strategies are essential for balancing the benefits of physical activity with the risk of GI distress.Further research is needed to explore the long-term effects of exercise on gut microbiota composition and overall digestive health.
文摘The recent study published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology examines the interplay among the neuroendocrine axis,gut microbiota,inflammatory markers,and gastrointestinal symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome(IBS).By integrating all these factors into a single study,this approach reflects the modern concept of functional gastrointestinal disorders as disorders of the gut-brain interaction to be approached in a multiparametric manner,also incorporating non-gastroentero-logical elements and extending evaluations to parameters related to the neuroen-docrine axis.This invited letter to the editor summarizes the main results of the aforementioned study and highlights its multiparametric approach,including variables not strictly gastroenterological,in the study of IBS,and discusses its strengths and limitations.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province(2023NSFSC1757)the"Xinglin Scholar"Talent Research Promotion Plan of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(grant number MPRC2021020).
文摘Diarrhea predominant irritable bowel syndrome(IBS-D)have a serious impact on the patient’s quality life due to the lack of safe and effective drugs.The transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1(TRPV1)is an ion channel receptor implicated in the perception of visceral injury.Recent studies indicated that TRPV1 mediates visceral hypersensitivity in IBS-D patients by enhancing the excitability of intestinal sensory neurons.Consequently,inhibiting the TRPV1 may be a promising option for the treatment of IBS-D.Current research demonstrates that various traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)methods,such as herbal prescriptions,acupuncture,and moxibustion,can reduce visceral sensitivity by regulating TRPV1 expression and its activation sensitization.This suggests that TCM methods may serve as safe and effective options for alleviating IBS-D.Therefore,this article summarizes potential therapeutic strategies of TCM as a regulator of TRPV1 for managing IBS-D.It also provides insights into potential TCM methods and natural phytochemical molecular nuclei for future drug research targeting TRPV1 in IBS-D.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation(NRF)of Korea(grant number:RS-2022-NR072217 to P.RL,RS-2021-NR059709,RS-2023-00264409,and RS-2024-00441103)funded by the Korean government(MSIT).
文摘Piezo2,a mechanosensitive ion channel,serves as a crucial mechanotransducer in dental primary afferent(DPA)neurons and is potentially involved in hypersensitivity to mild mechanical irritations observed in dental patients.Given Piezo2’s widespread expression across diverse subpopulations of DPA neurons,this study aimed to characterize the mechanosensory properties of Piezo2-expressing DPA neurons with a focus on distinct features of voltage-gated sodium channels(VGSCs)and neuropeptide profiles.Using whole-cell patch-clamp recordings,we observed mechanically activated action potentials(APs)and classified AP waveforms based on the presence or absence of a hump during the repolarization phase.Single-cell reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction combined with patch-clamp recordings revealed specific associations between AP waveforms and molecular properties,including tetrodotoxin-resistant VGSCs(NaV1.8 and NaV1.9)and TRPV1 expression.Reanalysis of the transcriptomic dataset of DPA neurons identified correlations between neuropeptides—including two CGRP isoforms(α-CGRP andβ-CGRP),Substance P,and Galanin—and the expression of NaV1.8 and NaV1.9,which were linked to defined AP subtypes.These molecular associations were further validated in Piezo2+DPA neurons using fluorescence in situ hybridization.Together,these findings highlight the electrophysiological and neurochemical heterogeneity of Piezo2-expressing DPA neurons and their specialized roles in distinct mechanosensory signal transmission.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81270465the Sichuan Science and Technology Program,No.2024NSFSC0631,No.2023JDRC0088,and No.MZGC20240097+4 种基金the Basic Research Cultivation Support Program of Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,No.2682023ZTPY071the Baiqiuen Public Welfare Foundation Program,No.BCF-LX-XH-20221014-12the Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu Clinical Research Program,No.CSY-YN-01-2023-012the Yibin Science and Technology Program,No.2021ZYY009and the Chengdu Medical Research Project Foundation,No.2022284.
文摘Mast cells(MCs)under stress conditions contribute to the development of irritable bowel syndrome(IBS),yet their precise mechanisms in IBS remain unclear.AIM To investigate the role of MC-derived thymosinβ4(Tβ4)in stress-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction.METHODS The colonic mucus Tβ4 levels in IBS patients were determined and their effects on the epithelial barrier were assessed in vitro and in vivo.Specifically,rats genetically deficient in Tβ4(Tβ4^(-/-))or mice deficient in MCs(Kit^(w-sh/w-sh))were used to observe the effects of reintroducing Tβ4 or wild-type peritoneal MCs(wt-PMCs)into these animals.Additionally,the regulatory mechanism underlying Tβ4 secretion in MCs was investigated.RESULTS We demonstrated that high levels of Tβ4 in IBS mucus and intestinal MCs mediate stress-associated disruptive changes to the epithelial barrier.Moreover,Tβ4 treatment of wild-type or MC-deficient Kit^(w-sh/w-sh)mice caused a reduction in tight junction proteins and the interleukin 22 receptor A1(IL22RA1)/Reg3γcascade,but an increase in myosin light chain kinase.Furthermore,Tβ4^(-/-)rats were resistant to stress,though reintroduction of Tβ4 or wt-PMCs restored stress or corticotropin-releasing hormone(CRH)-induced barrier disturbance.Consistently,Tβ4 release from MCs was dependent on the CRH receptor 1,but not degranulation.The effect of Tβ4 was accompanied by IL22RA1/Janus kinase 1(JAK1)/signal transducer and activation of transcription 3(STAT3)pathway inhibition,suggesting a mechanism for physical and immune barrier suppression.CONCLUSION Collectively,these results suggest that Tβ4,which is abundant in IBS mucus and the secretome of MCs,plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of IBS via IL22RA1/JAK1/STAT3 signaling,with potential implications for diagnostic and therapeutic targeting.
基金The University Collaborative Innovation Project of Anhui:Creation of a Combined Animal Model of Coronary Heart Disease based on the Theory of Xin'an Medicine(No.GXXT-2020-024)Start-up Funding for Doctoral Research at Wannan Medical College(WYRCQD2018009)Horizontal Project of South Anhui Medical College(H202003)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To explore the therapeutic effect and target of atractylenolide I(AT-I)on post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome(PI-IBS)rats.METHODS:Therefore,the preliminarily mechanism of AT-I in anti-PI-IBS were first predicted by network pharmacology and molecular docking,then the possible signaling pathways were systematically analyzed.Finally,the potential therapeutic targets and possible signaling pathways of AT-I on PI-IBS in Sprague-Dawley(SD)rat model were verified by experiments.RESULTS:AT-I could alleviate PI-IBS symptoms and reduce the expression of tumor necrosis factorα,interleukin-6 and Interferon-gamma in PI-IBS SD rat model and inhibit the c-Jun N-terminal kinase/inducible nitric oxide synthase(JNK/iNOS)pathway.Notably,AT-I treatment could inhibit the overexpression of polymeraseⅠand transcript release factor(PTRF).CONCLUSION:AT-I could alleviate PI-IBS symptoms through downregulation of PTRF and inhibiting the JNK/iNOS pathway.This study not only provides a scientific basis to clarify the anti-PI-IBS effect of AT-I and its mechanism but also suggests a novel promising therapeutic strategy to treat the PI-IBS.
基金Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Education Science 14th Five-Year Planning Project(Project No.:NGJGH2023467)Inner Mongolia Medical University Higher Education Teaching Reform Research Project(Project No.:NYJXGG2022054)。
文摘Objective:To evaluate the therapeutic effect of Shu Gan Jian Pi Yi Qi prescription combined with grain-sized moxibustion on diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome(IBS-D)with liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome.Methods:60 patients with IBS-D(liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome)treated in the outpatient clinic from January 2021 to December 2023 were selected and randomly divided into two groups using a random number table.The combined group was treated with Shu Gan Jian Pi Yi Qi prescription and grain-sized moxibustion,while the reference group was treated with western medication.The total effective rate,IBS symptom severity score(IBS-SSS),Bristol stool scale score,and IBS-specific quality of life questionnaire(IBSQOL)were compared between the two groups.Results:The total effective rate of the combined group was higher than that of the reference group(P<0.05).Before treatment,there were no differences in IBS-SSS score,Bristol stool scale score,and IBSQOL score between the two groups(P>0.05).After treatment,the IBS-SSS score and Bristol stool scale score of the combined group were lower than those of the reference group,while the IBSQOL score was higher(P<0.05).Conclusion:Shu Gan Jian Pi Yi Qi prescription combined with grain-sized moxibustion can improve the symptoms of IBS-D patients,including stool characteristics,and enhance their quality of life.
文摘Menstrual hygiene products(MHPs)like tampons,sanitary towels and panty liners are widely used by women and come in close contact with the intimate parts of the human body,which consist of mucosae that lack the important barrier function of normal skin.Hence,substances leaching from MHP can easily penetrate and become systemically available.This study aims to develop a new in chemico methodology that allows to identify and measure realistic consumer exposure levels of several skin sensitizers and irritants leaching from MHPs under simulated use conditions.To assess the leaching of chemicals from MHPs,a menstrual fluid simulant(MFS)simulating pH,osmolarity and protein binding was first established.Subsequently,an analytical methodology was developed for nine well-known skin sensitizers and skin irritants.In short,the MFS samples underwent salting-out assisted liquid-liquid extraction before ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with a triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry analysis.Validation was performed according to the total error approach with acceptability limits of±15%regarding the total analytical error(including systematic and random bias).Fifteen commercially available MHPs were assessed.Six products were found to leach at least one of the following five sensitizing and irritating compounds:a-isomethyl ionone,benzyl salicylate,hexyl cinnamaldehyde,linalool and piperonal.Piperonal was the most abundant compound leaching from the MHPs,with leaching concentration levels measured to 28.22 mg/g.In addition,the leaching level of benzyl salicylate was found to be 11.03 mg/g.The latter fragrance concentration is above 10 mg/g and would trigger mandatory labelling if the Cosmetic Regulation would apply for MHPs.However,none of the identified and quantified skin sensitizers were mentioned on the packaging.In conclusion,this novel methodology makes it possible to estimate realistic human exposure levels to skin sensitizers and irritants through the use of MHPs.Availability of these exposure estimates is vital to carry out a quantitative health risk assessment of these substances.
文摘BACKGROUND This study examines the complex relationships among the neuroendocrine axis,gut microbiome,inflammatory responses,and gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome(IBS).The findings provide new insights into the pathophysiology of IBS and suggest potential therapeutic targets for improving patient outcomes.AIM To investigate the interactions between the neuroendocrine axis,gut microbiome,inflammation,and gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with IBS.METHODS Patients diagnosed with IBS between January 2022 and January 2023 were selected for the study.Healthy individuals undergoing routine check-ups during the same period served as the control group.Data were collected on neuroendocrine hormone levels,gut microbiome profiles,inflammatory biomarkers,and gastrointestinal symptomatology to analyze their interrelations and their potential roles in IBS pathogenesis.RESULTS IBS patients exhibited significant dysregulation of the neuroendocrine axis,with altered levels of cortisol,serotonin,and neuropeptides compared to healthy controls.The gut microbiome of IBS patients showed reduced diversity and specific alterations in bacterial genera,including Bifidobacterium,Lactobacillus,and Faecalibacterium,which were associated with neuroendocrine disturbances.Additionally,elevated levels of inflammatory markers,such as C-reactive protein,interleukin-6,and tumor necrosis factor-α,were observed and correlated with the severity of gastrointestinal symptoms like abdominal pain,bloating,and altered bowel habits.CONCLUSION The findings suggest that targeting the neuroendocrine axis,gut microbiome,and inflammatory pathways may offer novel therapeutic strategies to alleviate symptoms and improve the quality of life in IBS patients.
