Iron deficiency anemia(IDA)is a nutritional deficiency disease with a high incidence rate worldwide.Bioactive peptides are safe and effective,have multiple functions and can serve as potential candidates for alleviati...Iron deficiency anemia(IDA)is a nutritional deficiency disease with a high incidence rate worldwide.Bioactive peptides are safe and effective,have multiple functions and can serve as potential candidates for alleviating IDA.In this study,the anti-anemia effects of tuna dark muscle peptides were explored in a dietinduced IDA mouse model.The results showed that tuna dark muscle peptides alleviated the IDA phenotype,oxidative stress and iron metabolism.In addition,tuna dark muscle peptides reversed gut microbiota dysbiosis in IDA mice.Furthermore,the transplanted fecal microbiota from tuna dark muscle peptide-treated mice also alleviated IDA symptoms and regulated iron metabolism and the gut microbiota,indicating that the antianemic effects were at least partially mediated by the gut microbiota.Thus,we identified a new and safe prebiotic material to alleviate IDA and provided ideas for the development of peptides.At the same time,these data also provided a theoretical basis for fecal microbiota transplantation to alleviate IDA.展开更多
The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia(IDA)remains high in infants,resulting in growth retardation,neurodevelopmental impairment,immunodeficiency and other irreversible injuries.Efficient and safe iron supplementati...The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia(IDA)remains high in infants,resulting in growth retardation,neurodevelopmental impairment,immunodeficiency and other irreversible injuries.Efficient and safe iron supplementation for infants has been the goal of recent research.This study aims to investigate the effect of encapsulated ferric pyrophosphate(FePP)on intestinal inflammation and gut microbiota in IDA suckling rats.Newborn Sprague-Dawley rats were gavaged with low and high doses of FePP and FeSO4(2 and 10 mg Fe/kg BW,respectively)during postnatal days 2-14,while the Ctrl group was gavaged with saline.Results showed that FePP supplementation was as effective as FeSO4 in promoting growth,alleviating anemia and restoring body iron levels.Both low and high doses of FePP could significantly down-regulate the expression of pro inflammatory cytokines in the colon to the level similar to that in the Ctrl group(P>0.05).However,the high dose of FeSO4 did not show a down-regulation effect.Compared with the Ctrl group,IDA caused a disturbance of gut microbiota composition in suckling rats,and FePP could restore this dysbiosis.Besides,FePP was more beneficial than FeSO4 in increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Bacteroides and Akkermansia.Spearman’s correlation analysis showed a correlation between gut microbiota and biochemical indicators such as iron status,pro-inflammatory cytokine expression,and oxidative stress level.Overall,these findings suggested that FePP could effectively improve IDA,and is more effective than FeSO4 in alleviating intestinal inflammation and regulating gut microbiota,which provides a basis for the application of new iron fortificant in infant formula.展开更多
On a global base, estimated 2 billion people are iron deficient and/or anemic with small children and child bearing age most likely to be the ones affected. These high levels of world anemia prevalence have been maint...On a global base, estimated 2 billion people are iron deficient and/or anemic with small children and child bearing age most likely to be the ones affected. These high levels of world anemia prevalence have been maintained and even growing in spite of the global and national food fortification programmes carried out in several places. These have been based on the iron fortification of local foods. In Brazil a wheat flour iron fortification program has been going on for several years and the anemia prevalence has been going on as a still large public health problem. We started since the nineties and in several under five day care centers, in various part of Brazil a new program using drinking water as the iron carrier for the prevention of iron deficiency anemia. It was shown through several studies in different places in Brazil that drinking water being available everywhere, daily consumed by everyone, children, adults and old people have shown to be effective for the prevention of iron anemia. Iron salts are low-priced, water soluble, effective, easily and locally prepared, should be known and accepted as a rational, practical and effective locally community preventive solution for iron anemia, still a great problem of our developing and underdeveloped countries of the world.展开更多
Iron deficiency （ID）, with or without anemia, is often caused by digestive diseases and should always be investigated, except in very specific situations, as its causes could be serious diseases, such as cancer. Dia...Iron deficiency （ID）, with or without anemia, is often caused by digestive diseases and should always be investigated, except in very specific situations, as its causes could be serious diseases, such as cancer. Diagnosis of ID is not always easy. Low serum levels of ferritin or transferrin saturation, imply a situation of absolute or functional ID. It is sometimes difficult to differentiate ID anemia from anemia of chronic diseases, which can coexist. In this case, other parameters, such as soluble transferrin receptor activity can be very useful. After an initial evaluation by clinical history, urine analysis, and serological tests for celiac disease, gastroscopy and colonoscopy are the key diagnostic tools for investigating the origin of ID, and will detect the most important and prevalent diseases. If both tests are normal and anemia is not severe, treatment with oral iron can be indicated, along with stopping any treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. In the absence of response to oral iron, or if the anemia is severe or clinical suspicion of important disease persists, we must insist on diagnostic evaluation. Repeat endoscopic studies should be considered in many cases and if both still show normal results, investigating the small bowel must be considered. The main techniques in this case are capsule endoscopy, followed by展开更多
Iron deficiency anemia(IDA)is common and often under recognized problem in the elderly.It may be the result of multiple factors including a bleeding lesion in the gastrointestinal tract.Twenty percent of elderly patie...Iron deficiency anemia(IDA)is common and often under recognized problem in the elderly.It may be the result of multiple factors including a bleeding lesion in the gastrointestinal tract.Twenty percent of elderly patients with IDA have a negative upper and lower endoscopy and two-thirds of these have a lesion in the small bowel(SB).Capsule endoscopy(CE)provides direct visualization of entire SB mucosa,which was not possible before.It is superior to push enteroscopy,enteroclysis and barium radiography for diagnosing clinically significant SB pathology resulting in IDA.Angioectasia is one of the commonest lesions seen on the CE in elderly with IDA.The diagnostic yield of CE for IDA progressively increases with advancing age,and is highest among patients over 85 years of age.Balloon assisted enteroscopy is used to treat the lesions seen on CE.CE has some limitations mainly lack of therapeutic capability,inability to provide precise location of the lesion and false positive results.Overall CE is a very safe and effective procedure for the evaluation of IDA in elderly.展开更多
AIM： To elucidate the influences of Hpylori infection on oral iron treatment for iron deficiency anemia （IDA）.METHODS： A total of 86 patients were divided into two groups： group A, receiving ferrous succinate com...AIM： To elucidate the influences of Hpylori infection on oral iron treatment for iron deficiency anemia （IDA）.METHODS： A total of 86 patients were divided into two groups： group A, receiving ferrous succinate combined with triple therapy for H pylori eradication, and group B （control）, treated with ferrous succinate only. During treatment of IDA, dynamic changes in hemoglobin （Hb） level, mean corpuscular volume （MCV）, mean corpuscular hemoglobin （MCH）, serum iron （SI）, and serum ferritin （SF） were compared between the groups.RESULTS： Hb was slightly higher in group A at d 14 alter the start of triple therapy for H pylori eradication （P 〉 0.05）. After the therapy, the increase of Hb in group A became significantly faster than that in group B （P 〈 0.05）. At d 56, the mean Hb in group A returned to the normal level, however, in group B, it was lower than that in group A （P 〈 0.05） although it had also increased compared with that before oral iron treatment. The MCV and MCH in group A recovered to the normal level, and were much higher than those in group B （P 〈 0.05） at d 21. In Group B, the MCV and MCH remained at lower than normal levels until d 42 alter the start of therapy. And then, they reached a plateau in both groups and the differences disappeared （P 〉 0.05）. The SF in group A was higher than that in group B （P 〈 0.05） 28 d alter the treatment and its improvement was quicker in group A （P 〈 0.05）, and the difference between the two groups was even more significant （P 〈 0.01） at d 56. The SI in group A was higher than that in group B （P 〈 0.05） at d 14 and this persisted until d 56 when the follow-up of this research was finished.CONCLUSION： Treatment of H pylori can enhance the efficacy of ferrous succinate therapy in IDA patients with Hpylori-positive chronic gastritis.展开更多
AIM:To perform a meta-analysis of observational studies and randomized controlled trials(RCTs)on the association between Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)and iron deficiency anemia(IDA).METHODS:A defined search strategy w...AIM:To perform a meta-analysis of observational studies and randomized controlled trials(RCTs)on the association between Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)and iron deficiency anemia(IDA).METHODS:A defined search strategy was used to search Medline,Embase,the Cochrane Library,Clinical Trials,Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials,Premedline and Healthstar.Odds ratio(OR)was used to evaluate observational epidemiology studies,and weighted mean difference(WMD)was used to demonstrate the difference between control and intervention groups.RESULTS:Fifteen observational studies and 5 RCTs were identified and used for calculation.The pooled OR for observational studies was 2.22(95%CI:1.52-3.24,P<0.0001).The WMD for hemoglobin(HB) was 4.06 g/L(95%CI:-2.57-10.69,P=0.01),and the WMD for serum ferritin(SF)was 9.47μg/L(95%CI:-0.50-19.43,P<0.0001).Results were heterogeneous for all comparisons.CONCLUSION:This meta-analysis on observational studies suggests an association between H.pylori and IDA.In RCTs,eradication of H.pylori can improve HB and SF levels but not significantly.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the electrophysiological changes of autonomic cells in left ventricular outflow tract in guinea pigs with iron deficiency anemia complicated with chronic heart failure.Methods: Guinea pigs mo...Objective: To investigate the electrophysiological changes of autonomic cells in left ventricular outflow tract in guinea pigs with iron deficiency anemia complicated with chronic heart failure.Methods: Guinea pigs model of iron deficiency anemia complicated with chronic heart failure in 10 guinea pigs of the experimental group was made by feeding a low iron diet,pure water and subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol. The control group consisting of 11 guinea pigs was given normal food, normal water and injected with normal saline. The left ventricular outflow tract model specimen was also prepared. The standard microelectrode technique was used to observe electrophysiological changes of autonomic cells in the outflow tract of left ventricular heart failure complicated with iron deficiency anemia in guinea pig model. The indicators of observation were maximal diastolic potential, action potential amplitude, 0 phase maximal depolarization velocity, 4 phase automatic depolarization velocity, repolarization 50% and 90%, and spontaneous discharge frequency.Results: Compared with the control group, 4 phase automatic depolarization velocity,spontaneous discharge frequency and 0 phase maximal depolarization velocity decreased significantly(P < 0.01) and action potential amplitude reduced(P < 0.01) in model group. Moreover, repolarization 50% and 90% increased(P < 0.01).Conclusions: There are electrophysiological abnormalities of the left ventricular outflow tract in guinea pigs with iron deficiency anemia complicated with heart failure.展开更多
Iron deficiency anemia(IDA) is associated with a number of pathological gastrointestinal conditions other than inflammatory bowel disease, and also with liver disorders. Different factors such as chronic bleeding, mal...Iron deficiency anemia(IDA) is associated with a number of pathological gastrointestinal conditions other than inflammatory bowel disease, and also with liver disorders. Different factors such as chronic bleeding, malabsorption and inflammation may contribute to IDA. Although patients with symptoms of anemia are frequently referred to gastroenterologists, the approach to diagnosis and selection of treatment as well as follow-up measures is not standardized and suboptimal. Iron deficiency, even without anemia, can substantially impact physical and cognitive function and reduce quality of life. Therefore, regular iron status assessment and awareness of the clinical consequences of impaired iron status are critical. While the range of options for treatment of IDA is increasing due to the availability of effective and well-tolerated parenteral iron preparations, a comprehensive overview of IDA and its therapy in patients with gastrointestinal conditions is currently lacking. Furthermore, definitions and assessment of iron status lack harmonization and there is a paucity of expert guidelines on this topic. This review summarizes current thinking concerning IDA as a common co-morbidity in specific gastrointestinal and liver disorders, and thus encourages a more unified treatment approach to anemia and iron deficiency, while offering gastroenterologists guidance on treatment options for IDA in everyday clinical practice.展开更多
AIM: To characterize clinical, laboratorial, and histological profile of pediatric autoimmune gastritis in the setting of unexplained iron deficiency anemia investigation.
Iron deficiency anemia is one of the most common micronutrient deficient conditions around the globe with various consequences,including the weakened immune system.Quercetin is widely distributed bioflavonoid;it has b...Iron deficiency anemia is one of the most common micronutrient deficient conditions around the globe with various consequences,including the weakened immune system.Quercetin is widely distributed bioflavonoid;it has been debated for its dual roles in iron regulation.Quercetin-iron interaction in the body is a complex mechanism which has not been completely understood.The present study aimed to investigate the effect of quercetin on iron supplementation in iron deficiency anemia and on i NOS expression in splenic macrophages.The rat model of iron deficiency anemia was induced by feeding low iron diet to weanling rats for 20 days.The animals were then administered with ferrous sulfate,quercetin,and their combination for 30 days.Blood parameters,histopathological analysis,iron storage,CD68,i NOS and SLC40 expression in rat spleen were investigated.Our results showed that quercetin regulated iron absorption,despite SLC40 down-expression,indicating possible alternate route of iron transport,and that quercetin modulated i NOS production in splenic macrophages..展开更多
To evaluate the adequacy of the study of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in real life practice prior to referral to a gastroenterology department for small bowel evaluation. METHODSAll consecutive patients referred to a ...To evaluate the adequacy of the study of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in real life practice prior to referral to a gastroenterology department for small bowel evaluation. METHODSAll consecutive patients referred to a gastroenterology department for small bowel investigation due to iron deficiency anemia, between January 2013 and December 2015 were included. Both patients referred from general practitioners or directly from different hospital departments were selected. Relevant clinical information regarding prior anemia workup was retrospectively collected from medical records. An appropriate pre-referral study was considered the execution of esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) investigation, colonoscopy with quality standards (recent, total and with adequate preparation) and celiac disease (CD) screening (through serologic testing and/or histopathological investigation). RESULTSA total of 77 patients (58.4% female, mean age 67.1 ± 16.7 years) were included. Most (53.2%) patients were referred from general practitioners, 41.6% from other hospital specialties and 5.2% directly from the emergency department. The mean pre-referral hemoglobin concentration was 8.8 ± 2.0 g/dL and the majority of anemias had microcytic (71.4%) and hypochromic (72.7%) characteristics. 77.9% of patients presented with an incomplete pre-referral study: EGD in 97.4%, with H. pylori investigation in 58.3%, colonoscopy with quality criteria in 63.6%, and CD screening in 24.7%. Patients with an appropriate study at the time of referral were younger (48.7 ± 17.7 vs 72.3 ± 12.3 years, P < 0.001). Small bowel evaluation was ultimately undertaken in 72.7% of patients, with a more frequent evaluation in patients with a quality colonoscopy at referral (78.6% vs 23.8%); P < 0.001 (OR = 11.7, 95%CI: 3.6-38.6). The most common diagnosis regarded as the likely cause of IDA was small bowel angioectasia (18.2%) but additional causes were also found in the upper and lower gastrointestinal tracts of near 20% of patients. Small bowel studies detected previously unknown non-small bowel findings in 7.7% of patients. CONCLUSIONThe study of anemia prior to referral to gastroenterology department is unsatisfactory. Only approximately a quarter of patients presented with an appropriate study.展开更多
AIM: To determine the prevalence of gluten sensitive enteropathy (GSE) in a large group of patients with iron deficiency anemia (IDA) of obscure origin. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, patients with IDA of obs...AIM: To determine the prevalence of gluten sensitive enteropathy (GSE) in a large group of patients with iron deficiency anemia (IDA) of obscure origin. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, patients with IDA of obscure origin were screened for GSE. Anti- endomysial antibody (EMA) and tissue transglutamin- ase antibody (tTG) levels were evaluated and duodenal biopsies were taken and scored according to the Marsh classification. The diagnosis of GSE was based on a positive serological test and abnormal duodenal histol- ogy. Gluten free diet (GFD) was advised for all the GSE patients. RESULTS: Of the 4120 IDA patients referred to our Hematology departments, 206 (95 male) patients were found to have IDA of obscure origin. Thirty out of 206 patients (14.6%) had GSE. The mean age of GSE pa- tients was 34.6 ± 17.03 (range 10-72 years). The female to male ratio was 1.3:1. Sixteen patients had Marsh 3,12 had Marsh 2, and 2 had Marsh 1 lesions. The sever- ity of anemia was in parallel with the severity of duode- nal lesions. Twenty-two GSE patients (73.3%) had no gastrointestinal symptoms. Fourteen GSE patients who adhered to GFD without receiving iron supplementation agreed to undergo follow up visits. After 6 mo of GFD, their mean hemoglobin levels (Hb) increased from 9.9 ± 1.6 to 12.8 ± 1.0 g/dL (P < 0.01). Interestingly, in 6 out of 14 patients who had Marsh 1/2 lesions (e.g. no villous atrophy) on duodenal biopsy, mean Hb increased from 11.0 ± 1.1 to 13.1 ± 1.0 g/dL (P < 0.01) while they did not receive any iron supplementation. CONCLUSION: There is a high prevalence (e.g. 14.6%) of GSE in patients with IDA of obscure origin. Gluten free diet can improve anemia in GSE patients who have mild duodenal lesions without villous atrophy.展开更多
Anemia is a common extraintestinal manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) and is frequently overlooked as a complication. Patients with IBD are commonly found to have iron deficiency anemia(IDA) secondary to...Anemia is a common extraintestinal manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) and is frequently overlooked as a complication. Patients with IBD are commonly found to have iron deficiency anemia(IDA) secondary to chronic blood loss, and impaired iron absorption due to tissue inflammation. Patients with iron deficiency may not always manifest with signs and symptoms; so, hemoglobin levels in patients with IBD must be regularly monitored for earlier detection of anemia. IDA in IBD is associated with poor quality of life, necessitating prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment. IDA is often associated with inflammation in patients with IBD. Thus, commonly used labora-tory parameters are inadequate to diagnose IDA, and newer iron indices, such as reticulocyte hemoglobin content or percentage of hypochromic red cells or zinc protoporphyrin, are required to differentiate IDA from anemia of chronic disease. Oral iron preparations are available and are used in patients with mild disease activity. These preparations are inexpensive and con-venient, but can produce gastrointestinal side effects, such as abdominal pain and diarrhea, that limit their use and patient compliance. These preparations are partly absorbed due to inflammation. Non-absorbed iron can be toxic and worsen IBD disease activity. Although cost-effective intravenous iron formulations are widely available and have improved safety profiles, physicians are reluctant to use them. We present a review of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of IDA in IBD, improved diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, efficacy, and safety of iron replacement in IBD.展开更多
Oral iron supplements such as ferrous iron salts are major treatment agents for iron deficiency anemia(IDA)due to the convenience of large dose administration and good patient compliance.However,the gastrointestinal a...Oral iron supplements such as ferrous iron salts are major treatment agents for iron deficiency anemia(IDA)due to the convenience of large dose administration and good patient compliance.However,the gastrointestinal adverse impact caused by Fe2+stimulus and low bioavailability severely impedes its therapeutic effects.In recent years,it has been found that nano iron⁃based nanoparticles with high surface⁃to⁃volume ratio and low iron ion leakage can alleviate the toxic effect and improve the gastrointestinal absorbance.For further clinical development,nano materials need to meet the pharmaceutical quality demand.Carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC)is a significant pharmaceutical ingredient applied in approved drug formulations,and polyglucosorbitol carboxymethylether(PSC)has been utilized in iron⁃based nanomedicine ferumoxytol synthesis,both of which can be firmly anchored on iron oxide by carboxyl chelation.In this work,iron oxide nanoparticles(NPs)modified with CMC were designed and synthesized,and the structure composition and physicochemical properties were distinctly characterized.Oral supplement effects on rat IDA were investigated and compared with other recently reported iron supplements including NPs modified with PSC.Results show that the oral nano iron supplement achieved the recovery of hemoglobin and serum iron level in only two weeks with high safety.The nano iron oxide modified with pharmaceutical excipients provides new potential approach for oral iron supplement available in clinics.展开更多
Iron deficiency anemia(IDA)is a common nutritional problem, but traditional iron supplements cause many adverse reactions. Thus, the development of a novel iron supplement might be significant for the treatment of IDA...Iron deficiency anemia(IDA)is a common nutritional problem, but traditional iron supplements cause many adverse reactions. Thus, the development of a novel iron supplement might be significant for the treatment of IDA. This study aimed to study the transport mechanism of Flammulina velutipes polysaccharide-iron complex(FVP1-Fe(Ⅲ))in Caco-2 cells and the therapeutic effect on IDA rats, as well as the influence on gut microbiota in vivo. These results showed that in vitro, the uptake of FVP1-Fe(Ⅲ)was mediated by sodium-dependent glucose transporter-1(SGLT1)and facilitated glucose transporter-2(GLUT2)and GLUT2 played a dominant function. The multidrug resistance-associated protein-2(MRP-2)was involved in the efflux of FVP1-Fe(Ⅲ)across the Caco-2 cells. In vivo, FVP1-Fe(Ⅲ)had a better restorative effect on blood parameters and iron status indicators in rats with IDA as compared with FeSO_4 and exerted this effect by downregulating the expression of hepcidin. FVP1-Fe(Ⅲ)could also regulate gut microbiota dysbiosis in iron deficiency rats by returning the relative abundance of gut microbiota to the normal level. Besides, as a dietary factor, vitamin C(vit C)could enhance the therapeutic effect of FVP1-Fe(Ⅲ). These present findings showed that FVP1-Fe(Ⅲ)could be exploited as a novel iron supplement to treat IDA.展开更多
There is ample clinical evidence suggesting that the presence of large axial or paraesophageal hernias may lead to iron deficiency anemia.So-called Cameron lesions,as well as other small mucosa erosions,in the sliding...There is ample clinical evidence suggesting that the presence of large axial or paraesophageal hernias may lead to iron deficiency anemia.So-called Cameron lesions,as well as other small mucosa erosions,in the sliding area of these diaphragmatic hernias lead to invisible chronic blood loss and consequently to iron depletion.While the spectrum of symptoms in these patients is large,anemia is often not the only indication and typically not the primary indication for surgical correction of diaphragmatic hernias.Drug treatment with proton pump inhibitors and iron substitution can alleviate anemia,but this is not always successful.To exclude other possible bleeding sources in the gastrointestinal tract,a comprehensive diagnostic program is necessary and reviewed in this manuscript.Additionally,we discuss controversies in the surgical management of paraesophageal hernias.展开更多
<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Introduction: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">It is estimated that about 18% of pregnant women suffer from iron def...<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Introduction: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">It is estimated that about 18% of pregnant women suffer from iron deficiency anemia throughout their whole pregnancy.</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">In </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">twin</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> pregnancy, owing to the relatively greater </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">feto-placental</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> requirements and greater expansion in maternal plasma volume </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and red cell mass, iron requirements </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">are magnified 1.8 times compared to singleton pregnancies. However, for </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">prevention</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> of iron deficiency in twin </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">pregnancy</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, only sparse data exist regarding the sufficiency of the standard antenatal iron supplementation dose used in singleton pregnancies to meet the increased iron demand. In this study, we investigate the effect of single and double dose iron supplementation for </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">prevention</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> of iron deficiency anemia in twin pregnancy. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted at our center in the period between February 2019 and October 2020,</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and</span><span style="font-family:""> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">included</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 450 eligible healthy non-anemic women aged 18 </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 35 years, with twin pregnancy at 12 </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 16 weeks of gestation. After informed consent, eligible women were randomized to receive either single dose 27 mg, or double dose 54 mg elemental iron supplementation. Monitoring of hemoglobin concentration was done at fixed time points during gestation: at enrollment, 24 weeks, 32 weeks </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> before delivery. The primary outcome of the study was the incidence of iron deficiency anemia during </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">follow up</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> until delivery. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The incidence of iron deficiency anemia in the two groups did not differ significantly between the </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">single dose</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> group (19.1%) and the double dose group (24.0%). In women who did not develop Iron Deficiency Anemia, hemoglobin concentration varied significantly along the different gestational ages during the </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">follow up</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> pe</span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">riod. In contrast, they did not show </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">an overall statistically significant difference</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> in the hemoglobin concentrations between the single or double dose groups. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion:</span></b> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">This</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> clinical trial did not demonstrate an added benefit for doubling prophylactic iron supplementation dose in non-anemic women with </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">twin</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> pregnancy.展开更多
We report a clinical case of a 21-year-old patient with iron deficiency anemia related to <em>Helicobacter pylori</em> (<em>H. pylori</em>) infection. The pan gastritis due to <em>H. pylo...We report a clinical case of a 21-year-old patient with iron deficiency anemia related to <em>Helicobacter pylori</em> (<em>H. pylori</em>) infection. The pan gastritis due to <em>H. pylori </em>and an unexplained iron deficiency anemia has recently been proposed although still discussed. Among the possible causes the role played by this bacterium remains controversial. The diagnosis had been mentioned in view of the recurrence of anemia and confirmed by endoscopic biopsy. Anemia was corrected by iron supplementation associated with a specific treatment of this germ.展开更多
BACKGROUND Iron deficiency anemia has a worldwide impact on individual health and national and international economies,with an estimated one-third of the world population being iron deficient.AIM To evaluate the iron ...BACKGROUND Iron deficiency anemia has a worldwide impact on individual health and national and international economies,with an estimated one-third of the world population being iron deficient.AIM To evaluate the iron deficiency literature published between 2001-2020 with an emphasis on:(1)Identification of collaborative research networks most active in this field;(2)Research topics of greatest importance;and(3)Analysis of the mostcited papers published between 2001-2020 and the most cited papers in 5-year intervals during this period to assess for emerging trends in research in this area.METHODS A search of Clarivate Analytics World of Science Core Collection was performed for the topic“iron deficiency anemia”,limited to document type(article or review),language(English),and time span(2001-2020).The following data were extracted from these articles:Year of publication,journal,study design,country of first author,and number of citations.The metadata derived from the search were used to identify publication trends in iron deficiency anemia research and their distribution in countries/regions and institutions.Network visualization by VOSviewer(Leiden University)was performed to identify international collaborative groups and research hotspots.RESULTS The search identified 4828 publications.Three international collaborative networks were identified:United States,Canada,and India;Turkey,China,and Japan;and England and other European countries.Five research areas were hotspots:Epidemiologic aspects of iron deficiency anemia,biochemical aspects of iron deficiency anemia,clinical evaluation of causes of iron deficiency anemia,causes of iron deficiency anemia,and bioavailability of dietary iron.Subset analysis of the top-10 overall cited papers,and the top-10 cited papers for each 5-year increment beginning in 2001 showed that the largest number of highly cited papers were from the field of epidemiology,the smallest number from the field of bioavailability of dietary iron.CONCLUSION The literature on iron deficiency anemia has a high citation rate compared to studies of other topics using similar methodology and is heavily biased toward studies from the United States and epidemiologic studies.展开更多
基金sponsored by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(LQ22D060002 and LTGC23C190001)Fund of State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products(ZS20190105)+1 种基金General Project of Zhejiang Provincial Department of Education(Y202146257)K.C.Wong Magna Fund of Ningbo University。
文摘Iron deficiency anemia(IDA)is a nutritional deficiency disease with a high incidence rate worldwide.Bioactive peptides are safe and effective,have multiple functions and can serve as potential candidates for alleviating IDA.In this study,the anti-anemia effects of tuna dark muscle peptides were explored in a dietinduced IDA mouse model.The results showed that tuna dark muscle peptides alleviated the IDA phenotype,oxidative stress and iron metabolism.In addition,tuna dark muscle peptides reversed gut microbiota dysbiosis in IDA mice.Furthermore,the transplanted fecal microbiota from tuna dark muscle peptide-treated mice also alleviated IDA symptoms and regulated iron metabolism and the gut microbiota,indicating that the antianemic effects were at least partially mediated by the gut microbiota.Thus,we identified a new and safe prebiotic material to alleviate IDA and provided ideas for the development of peptides.At the same time,these data also provided a theoretical basis for fecal microbiota transplantation to alleviate IDA.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32001676)the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by China Association for Science and Technology(CAST)(2022QNRC001).
文摘The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia(IDA)remains high in infants,resulting in growth retardation,neurodevelopmental impairment,immunodeficiency and other irreversible injuries.Efficient and safe iron supplementation for infants has been the goal of recent research.This study aims to investigate the effect of encapsulated ferric pyrophosphate(FePP)on intestinal inflammation and gut microbiota in IDA suckling rats.Newborn Sprague-Dawley rats were gavaged with low and high doses of FePP and FeSO4(2 and 10 mg Fe/kg BW,respectively)during postnatal days 2-14,while the Ctrl group was gavaged with saline.Results showed that FePP supplementation was as effective as FeSO4 in promoting growth,alleviating anemia and restoring body iron levels.Both low and high doses of FePP could significantly down-regulate the expression of pro inflammatory cytokines in the colon to the level similar to that in the Ctrl group(P>0.05).However,the high dose of FeSO4 did not show a down-regulation effect.Compared with the Ctrl group,IDA caused a disturbance of gut microbiota composition in suckling rats,and FePP could restore this dysbiosis.Besides,FePP was more beneficial than FeSO4 in increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Bacteroides and Akkermansia.Spearman’s correlation analysis showed a correlation between gut microbiota and biochemical indicators such as iron status,pro-inflammatory cytokine expression,and oxidative stress level.Overall,these findings suggested that FePP could effectively improve IDA,and is more effective than FeSO4 in alleviating intestinal inflammation and regulating gut microbiota,which provides a basis for the application of new iron fortificant in infant formula.
基金support of FAEPA,Foundation for Teaching Research and Community Services of Ribeirao Preto,SP,Brazil.
文摘On a global base, estimated 2 billion people are iron deficient and/or anemic with small children and child bearing age most likely to be the ones affected. These high levels of world anemia prevalence have been maintained and even growing in spite of the global and national food fortification programmes carried out in several places. These have been based on the iron fortification of local foods. In Brazil a wheat flour iron fortification program has been going on for several years and the anemia prevalence has been going on as a still large public health problem. We started since the nineties and in several under five day care centers, in various part of Brazil a new program using drinking water as the iron carrier for the prevention of iron deficiency anemia. It was shown through several studies in different places in Brazil that drinking water being available everywhere, daily consumed by everyone, children, adults and old people have shown to be effective for the prevention of iron anemia. Iron salts are low-priced, water soluble, effective, easily and locally prepared, should be known and accepted as a rational, practical and effective locally community preventive solution for iron anemia, still a great problem of our developing and underdeveloped countries of the world.
文摘Iron deficiency （ID）, with or without anemia, is often caused by digestive diseases and should always be investigated, except in very specific situations, as its causes could be serious diseases, such as cancer. Diagnosis of ID is not always easy. Low serum levels of ferritin or transferrin saturation, imply a situation of absolute or functional ID. It is sometimes difficult to differentiate ID anemia from anemia of chronic diseases, which can coexist. In this case, other parameters, such as soluble transferrin receptor activity can be very useful. After an initial evaluation by clinical history, urine analysis, and serological tests for celiac disease, gastroscopy and colonoscopy are the key diagnostic tools for investigating the origin of ID, and will detect the most important and prevalent diseases. If both tests are normal and anemia is not severe, treatment with oral iron can be indicated, along with stopping any treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. In the absence of response to oral iron, or if the anemia is severe or clinical suspicion of important disease persists, we must insist on diagnostic evaluation. Repeat endoscopic studies should be considered in many cases and if both still show normal results, investigating the small bowel must be considered. The main techniques in this case are capsule endoscopy, followed by
文摘Iron deficiency anemia(IDA)is common and often under recognized problem in the elderly.It may be the result of multiple factors including a bleeding lesion in the gastrointestinal tract.Twenty percent of elderly patients with IDA have a negative upper and lower endoscopy and two-thirds of these have a lesion in the small bowel(SB).Capsule endoscopy(CE)provides direct visualization of entire SB mucosa,which was not possible before.It is superior to push enteroscopy,enteroclysis and barium radiography for diagnosing clinically significant SB pathology resulting in IDA.Angioectasia is one of the commonest lesions seen on the CE in elderly with IDA.The diagnostic yield of CE for IDA progressively increases with advancing age,and is highest among patients over 85 years of age.Balloon assisted enteroscopy is used to treat the lesions seen on CE.CE has some limitations mainly lack of therapeutic capability,inability to provide precise location of the lesion and false positive results.Overall CE is a very safe and effective procedure for the evaluation of IDA in elderly.
文摘AIM： To elucidate the influences of Hpylori infection on oral iron treatment for iron deficiency anemia （IDA）.METHODS： A total of 86 patients were divided into two groups： group A, receiving ferrous succinate combined with triple therapy for H pylori eradication, and group B （control）, treated with ferrous succinate only. During treatment of IDA, dynamic changes in hemoglobin （Hb） level, mean corpuscular volume （MCV）, mean corpuscular hemoglobin （MCH）, serum iron （SI）, and serum ferritin （SF） were compared between the groups.RESULTS： Hb was slightly higher in group A at d 14 alter the start of triple therapy for H pylori eradication （P 〉 0.05）. After the therapy, the increase of Hb in group A became significantly faster than that in group B （P 〈 0.05）. At d 56, the mean Hb in group A returned to the normal level, however, in group B, it was lower than that in group A （P 〈 0.05） although it had also increased compared with that before oral iron treatment. The MCV and MCH in group A recovered to the normal level, and were much higher than those in group B （P 〈 0.05） at d 21. In Group B, the MCV and MCH remained at lower than normal levels until d 42 alter the start of therapy. And then, they reached a plateau in both groups and the differences disappeared （P 〉 0.05）. The SF in group A was higher than that in group B （P 〈 0.05） 28 d alter the treatment and its improvement was quicker in group A （P 〈 0.05）, and the difference between the two groups was even more significant （P 〈 0.01） at d 56. The SI in group A was higher than that in group B （P 〈 0.05） at d 14 and this persisted until d 56 when the follow-up of this research was finished.CONCLUSION： Treatment of H pylori can enhance the efficacy of ferrous succinate therapy in IDA patients with Hpylori-positive chronic gastritis.
基金Supported by(in part)The National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30770599China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,No.2005038143+1 种基金Shanghai Municipal Education Commission,No.09YZ82Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project,No.S30203
文摘AIM:To perform a meta-analysis of observational studies and randomized controlled trials(RCTs)on the association between Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)and iron deficiency anemia(IDA).METHODS:A defined search strategy was used to search Medline,Embase,the Cochrane Library,Clinical Trials,Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials,Premedline and Healthstar.Odds ratio(OR)was used to evaluate observational epidemiology studies,and weighted mean difference(WMD)was used to demonstrate the difference between control and intervention groups.RESULTS:Fifteen observational studies and 5 RCTs were identified and used for calculation.The pooled OR for observational studies was 2.22(95%CI:1.52-3.24,P<0.0001).The WMD for hemoglobin(HB) was 4.06 g/L(95%CI:-2.57-10.69,P=0.01),and the WMD for serum ferritin(SF)was 9.47μg/L(95%CI:-0.50-19.43,P<0.0001).Results were heterogeneous for all comparisons.CONCLUSION:This meta-analysis on observational studies suggests an association between H.pylori and IDA.In RCTs,eradication of H.pylori can improve HB and SF levels but not significantly.
基金supported by Zhangjiakou Project of Science and Technology Studies and Development Planning(Grand No.1321078D)
文摘Objective: To investigate the electrophysiological changes of autonomic cells in left ventricular outflow tract in guinea pigs with iron deficiency anemia complicated with chronic heart failure.Methods: Guinea pigs model of iron deficiency anemia complicated with chronic heart failure in 10 guinea pigs of the experimental group was made by feeding a low iron diet,pure water and subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol. The control group consisting of 11 guinea pigs was given normal food, normal water and injected with normal saline. The left ventricular outflow tract model specimen was also prepared. The standard microelectrode technique was used to observe electrophysiological changes of autonomic cells in the outflow tract of left ventricular heart failure complicated with iron deficiency anemia in guinea pig model. The indicators of observation were maximal diastolic potential, action potential amplitude, 0 phase maximal depolarization velocity, 4 phase automatic depolarization velocity, repolarization 50% and 90%, and spontaneous discharge frequency.Results: Compared with the control group, 4 phase automatic depolarization velocity,spontaneous discharge frequency and 0 phase maximal depolarization velocity decreased significantly(P < 0.01) and action potential amplitude reduced(P < 0.01) in model group. Moreover, repolarization 50% and 90% increased(P < 0.01).Conclusions: There are electrophysiological abnormalities of the left ventricular outflow tract in guinea pigs with iron deficiency anemia complicated with heart failure.
基金provided by SFL Regulatory Affairs & Scientific Communication, Switzerland and funded by Vifor Pharma
文摘Iron deficiency anemia(IDA) is associated with a number of pathological gastrointestinal conditions other than inflammatory bowel disease, and also with liver disorders. Different factors such as chronic bleeding, malabsorption and inflammation may contribute to IDA. Although patients with symptoms of anemia are frequently referred to gastroenterologists, the approach to diagnosis and selection of treatment as well as follow-up measures is not standardized and suboptimal. Iron deficiency, even without anemia, can substantially impact physical and cognitive function and reduce quality of life. Therefore, regular iron status assessment and awareness of the clinical consequences of impaired iron status are critical. While the range of options for treatment of IDA is increasing due to the availability of effective and well-tolerated parenteral iron preparations, a comprehensive overview of IDA and its therapy in patients with gastrointestinal conditions is currently lacking. Furthermore, definitions and assessment of iron status lack harmonization and there is a paucity of expert guidelines on this topic. This review summarizes current thinking concerning IDA as a common co-morbidity in specific gastrointestinal and liver disorders, and thus encourages a more unified treatment approach to anemia and iron deficiency, while offering gastroenterologists guidance on treatment options for IDA in everyday clinical practice.
文摘AIM: To characterize clinical, laboratorial, and histological profile of pediatric autoimmune gastritis in the setting of unexplained iron deficiency anemia investigation.
文摘Iron deficiency anemia is one of the most common micronutrient deficient conditions around the globe with various consequences,including the weakened immune system.Quercetin is widely distributed bioflavonoid;it has been debated for its dual roles in iron regulation.Quercetin-iron interaction in the body is a complex mechanism which has not been completely understood.The present study aimed to investigate the effect of quercetin on iron supplementation in iron deficiency anemia and on i NOS expression in splenic macrophages.The rat model of iron deficiency anemia was induced by feeding low iron diet to weanling rats for 20 days.The animals were then administered with ferrous sulfate,quercetin,and their combination for 30 days.Blood parameters,histopathological analysis,iron storage,CD68,i NOS and SLC40 expression in rat spleen were investigated.Our results showed that quercetin regulated iron absorption,despite SLC40 down-expression,indicating possible alternate route of iron transport,and that quercetin modulated i NOS production in splenic macrophages..
文摘To evaluate the adequacy of the study of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in real life practice prior to referral to a gastroenterology department for small bowel evaluation. METHODSAll consecutive patients referred to a gastroenterology department for small bowel investigation due to iron deficiency anemia, between January 2013 and December 2015 were included. Both patients referred from general practitioners or directly from different hospital departments were selected. Relevant clinical information regarding prior anemia workup was retrospectively collected from medical records. An appropriate pre-referral study was considered the execution of esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) investigation, colonoscopy with quality standards (recent, total and with adequate preparation) and celiac disease (CD) screening (through serologic testing and/or histopathological investigation). RESULTSA total of 77 patients (58.4% female, mean age 67.1 ± 16.7 years) were included. Most (53.2%) patients were referred from general practitioners, 41.6% from other hospital specialties and 5.2% directly from the emergency department. The mean pre-referral hemoglobin concentration was 8.8 ± 2.0 g/dL and the majority of anemias had microcytic (71.4%) and hypochromic (72.7%) characteristics. 77.9% of patients presented with an incomplete pre-referral study: EGD in 97.4%, with H. pylori investigation in 58.3%, colonoscopy with quality criteria in 63.6%, and CD screening in 24.7%. Patients with an appropriate study at the time of referral were younger (48.7 ± 17.7 vs 72.3 ± 12.3 years, P < 0.001). Small bowel evaluation was ultimately undertaken in 72.7% of patients, with a more frequent evaluation in patients with a quality colonoscopy at referral (78.6% vs 23.8%); P < 0.001 (OR = 11.7, 95%CI: 3.6-38.6). The most common diagnosis regarded as the likely cause of IDA was small bowel angioectasia (18.2%) but additional causes were also found in the upper and lower gastrointestinal tracts of near 20% of patients. Small bowel studies detected previously unknown non-small bowel findings in 7.7% of patients. CONCLUSIONThe study of anemia prior to referral to gastroenterology department is unsatisfactory. Only approximately a quarter of patients presented with an appropriate study.
基金Supported by Local funds from Digestive Disease Research Centre, University of Tehran and Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Science
文摘AIM: To determine the prevalence of gluten sensitive enteropathy (GSE) in a large group of patients with iron deficiency anemia (IDA) of obscure origin. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, patients with IDA of obscure origin were screened for GSE. Anti- endomysial antibody (EMA) and tissue transglutamin- ase antibody (tTG) levels were evaluated and duodenal biopsies were taken and scored according to the Marsh classification. The diagnosis of GSE was based on a positive serological test and abnormal duodenal histol- ogy. Gluten free diet (GFD) was advised for all the GSE patients. RESULTS: Of the 4120 IDA patients referred to our Hematology departments, 206 (95 male) patients were found to have IDA of obscure origin. Thirty out of 206 patients (14.6%) had GSE. The mean age of GSE pa- tients was 34.6 ± 17.03 (range 10-72 years). The female to male ratio was 1.3:1. Sixteen patients had Marsh 3,12 had Marsh 2, and 2 had Marsh 1 lesions. The sever- ity of anemia was in parallel with the severity of duode- nal lesions. Twenty-two GSE patients (73.3%) had no gastrointestinal symptoms. Fourteen GSE patients who adhered to GFD without receiving iron supplementation agreed to undergo follow up visits. After 6 mo of GFD, their mean hemoglobin levels (Hb) increased from 9.9 ± 1.6 to 12.8 ± 1.0 g/dL (P < 0.01). Interestingly, in 6 out of 14 patients who had Marsh 1/2 lesions (e.g. no villous atrophy) on duodenal biopsy, mean Hb increased from 11.0 ± 1.1 to 13.1 ± 1.0 g/dL (P < 0.01) while they did not receive any iron supplementation. CONCLUSION: There is a high prevalence (e.g. 14.6%) of GSE in patients with IDA of obscure origin. Gluten free diet can improve anemia in GSE patients who have mild duodenal lesions without villous atrophy.
文摘Anemia is a common extraintestinal manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) and is frequently overlooked as a complication. Patients with IBD are commonly found to have iron deficiency anemia(IDA) secondary to chronic blood loss, and impaired iron absorption due to tissue inflammation. Patients with iron deficiency may not always manifest with signs and symptoms; so, hemoglobin levels in patients with IBD must be regularly monitored for earlier detection of anemia. IDA in IBD is associated with poor quality of life, necessitating prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment. IDA is often associated with inflammation in patients with IBD. Thus, commonly used labora-tory parameters are inadequate to diagnose IDA, and newer iron indices, such as reticulocyte hemoglobin content or percentage of hypochromic red cells or zinc protoporphyrin, are required to differentiate IDA from anemia of chronic disease. Oral iron preparations are available and are used in patients with mild disease activity. These preparations are inexpensive and con-venient, but can produce gastrointestinal side effects, such as abdominal pain and diarrhea, that limit their use and patient compliance. These preparations are partly absorbed due to inflammation. Non-absorbed iron can be toxic and worsen IBD disease activity. Although cost-effective intravenous iron formulations are widely available and have improved safety profiles, physicians are reluctant to use them. We present a review of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of IDA in IBD, improved diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, efficacy, and safety of iron replacement in IBD.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2017YFA0104302)the National Natural Science Innovative Research Group Project(Grant No.61821002)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.BK20190938)the Key Projects of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51832001).
文摘Oral iron supplements such as ferrous iron salts are major treatment agents for iron deficiency anemia(IDA)due to the convenience of large dose administration and good patient compliance.However,the gastrointestinal adverse impact caused by Fe2+stimulus and low bioavailability severely impedes its therapeutic effects.In recent years,it has been found that nano iron⁃based nanoparticles with high surface⁃to⁃volume ratio and low iron ion leakage can alleviate the toxic effect and improve the gastrointestinal absorbance.For further clinical development,nano materials need to meet the pharmaceutical quality demand.Carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC)is a significant pharmaceutical ingredient applied in approved drug formulations,and polyglucosorbitol carboxymethylether(PSC)has been utilized in iron⁃based nanomedicine ferumoxytol synthesis,both of which can be firmly anchored on iron oxide by carboxyl chelation.In this work,iron oxide nanoparticles(NPs)modified with CMC were designed and synthesized,and the structure composition and physicochemical properties were distinctly characterized.Oral supplement effects on rat IDA were investigated and compared with other recently reported iron supplements including NPs modified with PSC.Results show that the oral nano iron supplement achieved the recovery of hemoglobin and serum iron level in only two weeks with high safety.The nano iron oxide modified with pharmaceutical excipients provides new potential approach for oral iron supplement available in clinics.
基金supported by the State key research and development plan “Modern food processing and food storage and transportation technology and equipment” (2017YFD0400203)。
文摘Iron deficiency anemia(IDA)is a common nutritional problem, but traditional iron supplements cause many adverse reactions. Thus, the development of a novel iron supplement might be significant for the treatment of IDA. This study aimed to study the transport mechanism of Flammulina velutipes polysaccharide-iron complex(FVP1-Fe(Ⅲ))in Caco-2 cells and the therapeutic effect on IDA rats, as well as the influence on gut microbiota in vivo. These results showed that in vitro, the uptake of FVP1-Fe(Ⅲ)was mediated by sodium-dependent glucose transporter-1(SGLT1)and facilitated glucose transporter-2(GLUT2)and GLUT2 played a dominant function. The multidrug resistance-associated protein-2(MRP-2)was involved in the efflux of FVP1-Fe(Ⅲ)across the Caco-2 cells. In vivo, FVP1-Fe(Ⅲ)had a better restorative effect on blood parameters and iron status indicators in rats with IDA as compared with FeSO_4 and exerted this effect by downregulating the expression of hepcidin. FVP1-Fe(Ⅲ)could also regulate gut microbiota dysbiosis in iron deficiency rats by returning the relative abundance of gut microbiota to the normal level. Besides, as a dietary factor, vitamin C(vit C)could enhance the therapeutic effect of FVP1-Fe(Ⅲ). These present findings showed that FVP1-Fe(Ⅲ)could be exploited as a novel iron supplement to treat IDA.
文摘There is ample clinical evidence suggesting that the presence of large axial or paraesophageal hernias may lead to iron deficiency anemia.So-called Cameron lesions,as well as other small mucosa erosions,in the sliding area of these diaphragmatic hernias lead to invisible chronic blood loss and consequently to iron depletion.While the spectrum of symptoms in these patients is large,anemia is often not the only indication and typically not the primary indication for surgical correction of diaphragmatic hernias.Drug treatment with proton pump inhibitors and iron substitution can alleviate anemia,but this is not always successful.To exclude other possible bleeding sources in the gastrointestinal tract,a comprehensive diagnostic program is necessary and reviewed in this manuscript.Additionally,we discuss controversies in the surgical management of paraesophageal hernias.
文摘<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Introduction: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">It is estimated that about 18% of pregnant women suffer from iron deficiency anemia throughout their whole pregnancy.</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">In </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">twin</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> pregnancy, owing to the relatively greater </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">feto-placental</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> requirements and greater expansion in maternal plasma volume </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and red cell mass, iron requirements </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">are magnified 1.8 times compared to singleton pregnancies. However, for </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">prevention</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> of iron deficiency in twin </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">pregnancy</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, only sparse data exist regarding the sufficiency of the standard antenatal iron supplementation dose used in singleton pregnancies to meet the increased iron demand. In this study, we investigate the effect of single and double dose iron supplementation for </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">prevention</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> of iron deficiency anemia in twin pregnancy. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted at our center in the period between February 2019 and October 2020,</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and</span><span style="font-family:""> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">included</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 450 eligible healthy non-anemic women aged 18 </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 35 years, with twin pregnancy at 12 </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 16 weeks of gestation. After informed consent, eligible women were randomized to receive either single dose 27 mg, or double dose 54 mg elemental iron supplementation. Monitoring of hemoglobin concentration was done at fixed time points during gestation: at enrollment, 24 weeks, 32 weeks </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> before delivery. The primary outcome of the study was the incidence of iron deficiency anemia during </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">follow up</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> until delivery. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The incidence of iron deficiency anemia in the two groups did not differ significantly between the </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">single dose</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> group (19.1%) and the double dose group (24.0%). In women who did not develop Iron Deficiency Anemia, hemoglobin concentration varied significantly along the different gestational ages during the </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">follow up</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> pe</span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">riod. In contrast, they did not show </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">an overall statistically significant difference</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> in the hemoglobin concentrations between the single or double dose groups. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion:</span></b> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">This</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> clinical trial did not demonstrate an added benefit for doubling prophylactic iron supplementation dose in non-anemic women with </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">twin</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> pregnancy.
文摘We report a clinical case of a 21-year-old patient with iron deficiency anemia related to <em>Helicobacter pylori</em> (<em>H. pylori</em>) infection. The pan gastritis due to <em>H. pylori </em>and an unexplained iron deficiency anemia has recently been proposed although still discussed. Among the possible causes the role played by this bacterium remains controversial. The diagnosis had been mentioned in view of the recurrence of anemia and confirmed by endoscopic biopsy. Anemia was corrected by iron supplementation associated with a specific treatment of this germ.
文摘BACKGROUND Iron deficiency anemia has a worldwide impact on individual health and national and international economies,with an estimated one-third of the world population being iron deficient.AIM To evaluate the iron deficiency literature published between 2001-2020 with an emphasis on:(1)Identification of collaborative research networks most active in this field;(2)Research topics of greatest importance;and(3)Analysis of the mostcited papers published between 2001-2020 and the most cited papers in 5-year intervals during this period to assess for emerging trends in research in this area.METHODS A search of Clarivate Analytics World of Science Core Collection was performed for the topic“iron deficiency anemia”,limited to document type(article or review),language(English),and time span(2001-2020).The following data were extracted from these articles:Year of publication,journal,study design,country of first author,and number of citations.The metadata derived from the search were used to identify publication trends in iron deficiency anemia research and their distribution in countries/regions and institutions.Network visualization by VOSviewer(Leiden University)was performed to identify international collaborative groups and research hotspots.RESULTS The search identified 4828 publications.Three international collaborative networks were identified:United States,Canada,and India;Turkey,China,and Japan;and England and other European countries.Five research areas were hotspots:Epidemiologic aspects of iron deficiency anemia,biochemical aspects of iron deficiency anemia,clinical evaluation of causes of iron deficiency anemia,causes of iron deficiency anemia,and bioavailability of dietary iron.Subset analysis of the top-10 overall cited papers,and the top-10 cited papers for each 5-year increment beginning in 2001 showed that the largest number of highly cited papers were from the field of epidemiology,the smallest number from the field of bioavailability of dietary iron.CONCLUSION The literature on iron deficiency anemia has a high citation rate compared to studies of other topics using similar methodology and is heavily biased toward studies from the United States and epidemiologic studies.
