Introduction: Stroke may have a negative impact on mental health and behavior. Cognitive disorders are common after stroke. They are rarely assessed in current clinical practice, particularly in our context. They cons...Introduction: Stroke may have a negative impact on mental health and behavior. Cognitive disorders are common after stroke. They are rarely assessed in current clinical practice, particularly in our context. They constitute a real “invisible” handicap. In sub-Saharan Africa, we are not aware of any studies specifically assessing executive functions. These functions are at the heart of all adaptation processes to new or complex situations. This prompted the authors to carry out this study at the Ibrahima Pierre Ndiaye Neuroscience Department of the Fann National University Hospital Centre (Senegal). Objective and Methodology: The aim of this study was to assess and characterize post-stroke alterations in executive functions in our context. We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study. It took place over a 4-month period from April 1 to August 31, 2021. Patients were matched to controls according to age, gender and educational level. Executive functions were assessed using the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB). Results: A total of 30 patients with stroke were enrolled. These patients were matched to controls. The mean age of the patients was 46.87 ± 17.65 years. For the control group, it was 39.27 ± 12.33 years. The prevalence of executive function disorders was 20% in post-stroke patients. The majority of executive functions assessed were impaired. Sensitivity to interference and environmental autonomy were the only ones preserved. Conclusion: Impaired executive functions are common after stroke. They should be systematically assessed in all stroke patients to ensure optimal management.展开更多
Purpose:In this paper,we use author clustering based on journal coupling(i.e.,shared academic journals)to determine researchers who have the same scientific interests and similar conceptual frameworks.The basic assump...Purpose:In this paper,we use author clustering based on journal coupling(i.e.,shared academic journals)to determine researchers who have the same scientific interests and similar conceptual frameworks.The basic assumption is that authors who publish in the same academic journals are more likely to share similar conceptual frameworks and interests than those who never publish in the same venues.Therefore,they are more likely to be part of the same invisible college(i.e.,authors in this subgroup contribute materially to research on the same topic and often publish their work in similar publication venues).Design/methodology/approach:Test in a controlled exercise the grouping of authors based on journal coupling to determine invisible colleges in a research field using a case study of 302 authors who had published in the Information Science and Library Science(IS&LS)category of the Web of Science Core Collection.For each author,we retrieved all the scientific journals in which this author had published his/her articles.We then used the cosine measure to calculate the similarity between authors(both first and second order).Findings:In this paper,using journal coupling of IS&LS authors,we found four main invisible colleges:“Information Systems”,“Business and Information Management”,“Quantitative Information Science”and“Library Science.”The main journals that determine the existence of these invisible colleges were Inform Syst Res,Inform Syst J,J Bus Res,J Knowl Manage,J Informetr,Pro Int Conf Sci Inf,Int J Geogr Inf Sci,J Am Med Inform Assn,and Learn Publ.However,the main journals that demonstrate that IS&LS determine a field were J Am Soc Inf Sci Tec/J Assoc Inf Sci Tech,Scientometrics,Inform Process Manag,and J Inf Sci.Research limitations:The results shown in this article are from a controlled exercise.The analysis performed using journal coupling excludes books,book chapters,and conference papers.In this article,only academic journals were used for the representation of research results.Practical implications:Our results may be of interest to IS&LS scholars.This is because these results provide a new lens for grouping authors,making use of the authors’journal publication profile and journal coupling.Furthermore,extending our approach to the study of the structure of other disciplines would possibly be of interest to historians of science as well as scientometricians.Originality/value:This is a novel approach based on journal coupling to determine authors who are most likely to be part of the same invisible college.展开更多
Electromagnetic devices have been widely used in the fields of information communication,medical treatment,electrical engineering,and national defense,and their properties are strongly dependent on the constituent ele...Electromagnetic devices have been widely used in the fields of information communication,medical treatment,electrical engineering,and national defense,and their properties are strongly dependent on the constituent electromagnetic materials.Conversely,electromagnetic metamaterials(EMMs),which are artificially engineered with distinctive electromagnetic properties,can overcome the limitations of natural materials owing to their structural advantages.Three-dimensional(3D)printing is the most effec-tive technique for fabricating EMM devices with different geometric parameters and associated proper-ties.However,conventional 3D-printed EMM devices may lack manufacturing flexibility and environmental adaptability to different physical stimuli,such as electric and magnetic fields.Four-dimensional(4D)printing is an ideal technique for schemes to integrate structural design with intelligent materials environmentally adaptive to external fields,for example,the printed components can change shape under electric stimulation.Given the rapid advancements in the EMM field,this paper first reviews typical EMM devices,their design theories,and underlying principles.Subsequently,it presents various EMM structural topologies and manufacturing technologies,emphasizing the feasibility of combining 3D and 4D printing.In addition,we highlight the important applications of EMMs and their future trends and the challenges associated with functional EMMs and additive manufacturing.展开更多
The dynamics of biomolecules span across a wide range of timescales,reflecting the complexity of free energy landscapes of biomolecules.Among these,the microsecond-tomillisecond(μs-ms)timescale dynamics are particula...The dynamics of biomolecules span across a wide range of timescales,reflecting the complexity of free energy landscapes of biomolecules.Among these,the microsecond-tomillisecond(μs-ms)timescale dynamics are particularly significant,offering detailed insights into the kinetic,thermodynamic,and structural aspects of biological function.Many critical biological processes,including enzyme catalysis,protein folding,ligand binding,and allosteric regulation,operate within this timescale.Nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectroscopy is a powerful technique for probing molecular dynamics in this time window,commonly used NMR methods for investigatingμs-ms timescale dynamics include Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill(CPMG)relaxation dispersion,chemical exchange saturation transfer(CEST),and rotating-frame longitudinal relaxation dispersion(R_(1ρ)relaxation dispersion).This review provides a brief ove rview of the fundamental principles and some recent advances of these methods,highlighting their interrelationships and applications in elucidating biomolecular dynamics.展开更多
Invisible Man is a novel written by Ralph Ellison,talking about how the protagonist struggled in society as an African-American,sought his own identity and sense of belonging,and finally accepted the reality of being...Invisible Man is a novel written by Ralph Ellison,talking about how the protagonist struggled in society as an African-American,sought his own identity and sense of belonging,and finally accepted the reality of being“invisible”to live underground.The metaphors and symbols as key writing techniques in Invisible Man were analyzed in the paper with certain typical examples to reveal their research values for explorations of race issues in the book.The paper particularly highlights the tension embedded in the metaphors and the sarcasm conveyed through the symbols.展开更多
Thermal metamaterial represents a groundbreaking approach to control heat conduction,and,as a crucial component,thermal invisibility is of utmost importance for heat management.Despite the flourishing development of t...Thermal metamaterial represents a groundbreaking approach to control heat conduction,and,as a crucial component,thermal invisibility is of utmost importance for heat management.Despite the flourishing development of thermal invisibility schemes,they still face two limitations in practical applications.First,objects are typically completely enclosed in traditional cloaks,making them difficult to use and unsuitable for objects with heat sources.Second,although some theoretical proposals have been put forth to change the thermal conductivity of materials to achieve dynamic invisibility,their designs are complex and rigid,making them unsuitable for large-scale use in real threedimensional(3D)spaces.Here,we propose a concept of a thermal dome to achieve 3D invisibility.Our scheme includes an open functional area,greatly enhancing its usability and applicability.It features a reconfigurable structure,constructed with simple isotropic natural materials,making it suitable for dynamic requirements.The performance of our reconfigurable thermal dome has been confirmed through simulations and experiments,consistent with the theory.The introduction of this concept can greatly advance the development of thermal invisibility technology from theory to engineering and provide inspiration for other physical domains,such as direct current electric fields and magnetic fields.展开更多
BACKGROUND The relation between orthodontic treatment and temporomandibular disorders(TMDs)is under debate;the management of TMD during orthodontic treatment has always been a challenge.If TMD symptoms occur during or...BACKGROUND The relation between orthodontic treatment and temporomandibular disorders(TMDs)is under debate;the management of TMD during orthodontic treatment has always been a challenge.If TMD symptoms occur during orthodontic treatment,an immediate pause of orthodontic adjustments is recommended;the treatment can resume when the symptoms are managed and stabilized.CASE SUMMARY This case report presents a patient(26-year-old,female)with angle class I,skeletal class II and TMDs.The treatment was a hybrid of clear aligners,fixed appliances and temporary anchorage devices(TADs).After 3 mo resting and treatment on her TMD,the patient’s TMD symptom alleviated,but her anterior occlusion displayed deep overbite.Therefore,the fixed appliances with TAD were used to correct the anterior deep-bite and level maxillary and mandibular deep curves.After the levelling,the patient showed dual bite with centric relation and maximum intercuspation discrepancy on her occlusion.After careful examination of temporomandibular joints(TMJ)position,the stable bite splint and Invisible Mandibular Advancement appliance were used to reconstruct her occlusion.Eventually,the improved facial appearance and relatively stable occlusion were achieved.The 1-year follow-up records showed there was no obvious change in TMJ morphology,and her occlusion was stable.CONCLUSION TMD screening and monitoring is of great clinical importance in the TMD susceptible patients.Hybrid treatment with clear aligners and fixed appliances and TADs is an effective treatment modality for the complex cases.展开更多
Thermal-electric bilayer invisibility cloak can prevent the heat flux and electric current from touching the object without distorting the external temperature and electric potential fields simultaneously.In this pape...Thermal-electric bilayer invisibility cloak can prevent the heat flux and electric current from touching the object without distorting the external temperature and electric potential fields simultaneously.In this paper,we design an omnidirectional thermal-electric invisibility cloak with anisotropic geometry.Based on the theory of neutral inclusion,the anisotropic effective thermal and electric conductivities of confocal elliptical bilayer core-shell structure are derived,thus obtaining the anisotropic matrix material to eliminate the external disturbances omnidirectionally.The inner shell of the cloak is selected as an insulating material to shield the heat flux and electric current.Then,the omnidirectional thermal-electric cloaking effect is verified numerically and experimentally based on the theoretical anisotropic matrix and manufactured composite structure,respectively.Furthermore,we achieve the thermal-electric cloaking effect under a specific direction of heat flux and electric current using the isotropic natural materials to broaden the selection range of materials.The method proposed to eliminate anisotropy and achieve the omnidirectional effect could also be expanded to other different physical fields for the metadevices with different functions.展开更多
Through the revelation of“commodity value”,the“invisible hand”described by Adam Smith is now clearly visible.It is precisely“commodity value”that guides people to seek benefits for themselves and for others,addi...Through the revelation of“commodity value”,the“invisible hand”described by Adam Smith is now clearly visible.It is precisely“commodity value”that guides people to seek benefits for themselves and for others,adding enormous wealth to society.展开更多
In recent years,with the rapid development of China’s economy,a large number of people have flocked to the cities,which also brings more residential waste.The increased waste overloads transfer stations located near ...In recent years,with the rapid development of China’s economy,a large number of people have flocked to the cities,which also brings more residential waste.The increased waste overloads transfer stations located near residential areas,and the continuous noise and odour affect the daily lives of nearby residents.In addition,the neighbourhood avoidance facilities represented by the waste transfer stations also reduce the value of the surrounding residents’houses.Therefore,using the conditional value method and the Tobit and Double Hurder econometric models,this article investigates the implicit value of the Fuli Resort neighbourhood under the influence of the waste transfer station through a questionnaire survey on the willingness of the residents to accept the compensation,which can be regarded as the“aversion value”of the neighbourhood due to the aversion to the waste transfer station and analyses the impact of the aversion value of the neighbourhood.aversion value and analyses the impact on residents’willingness to accept compensation.The study found that the residents’willingness to accept compensation near the waste transfer station is 511.94 RMB/person/month,and the implicit value of the Fuli Resort neighbourhood under the influence of the waste transfer station in Qinhuai District,Nanjing,Jiangsu Province,China,is 147,950 RMB.The study found that residents are most interested in having the government rectify the waste transfer station and set sanitary standards and work norms.展开更多
This paper takes refraining narratives and translators＇ invisibility as the theoretical base for discussing the translators＇ position. Translating is to reconstruct the original text, which leads to information chan...This paper takes refraining narratives and translators＇ invisibility as the theoretical base for discussing the translators＇ position. Translating is to reconstruct the original text, which leads to information changes. This change is attributed to translator＇s idiolect and thinking pattern as well as different languages. The translator＇s role is obvious in the text translation. How to be invisible？ Even if invisibility is possible, the invisibility is like a moon in water, flower in fog. That is vague but invisible.展开更多
Ralph Ellison’s Invisible Man deals with the identity issue fundamental for black Americans to reestablish themselves in the white-dominated society.While the narrator suffers from identity crisis in multiples ways,t...Ralph Ellison’s Invisible Man deals with the identity issue fundamental for black Americans to reestablish themselves in the white-dominated society.While the narrator suffers from identity crisis in multiples ways,the paper focuses on the conflict between his need to build a distinctive individual identity with the prerequisite to surrender to collective identity in order to blend in the group.展开更多
Throughout the past years, the important role of translators has always been overlooked. The invisibility was even taken as one of the standards of a good translator. However, great change happens, especially after th...Throughout the past years, the important role of translators has always been overlooked. The invisibility was even taken as one of the standards of a good translator. However, great change happens, especially after the"culture turn"in translation study and the role of the translators has been laid emphasis on. This kind of sharp change has led to two extreme thoughts on this issue: scholars choose either total invisibility or complete subjectivity. This paper puts forward an inter-subjective system, in which the subjectivity should be emphasized only with constraints. The other subjects in the inter-subjective system contribute to the restriction of the subjectivity of the translator during the translation process.By writing this paper, the author wishes to present a comprehensive and balanced way of understanding translators' subjectivity. Therefore, no matter analyzing the translation process or evaluating translation products, people will be more objective towards the role of translators.展开更多
To extract gold from a low-grade(13.43 g/t) and high-sulfur(39.94wt% sulfide sulfur) Carlin-type gold concentrate from the Nibao deposit, Guizhou, a bio-pretreatment followed by carbon-in-pulp(CIP) cyanide leaching pr...To extract gold from a low-grade(13.43 g/t) and high-sulfur(39.94wt% sulfide sulfur) Carlin-type gold concentrate from the Nibao deposit, Guizhou, a bio-pretreatment followed by carbon-in-pulp(CIP) cyanide leaching process was used. Various methods were used to detect the low-grade gold in the concentrate; however, only time-of-flight secondary-ion mass spectrometry(TOF-SIMS) was successful. With bio-pretreatment, the gold recovery rate increased by approximately 70.16% compared with that obtained by direct cyanide leaching of the concentrate. Various attempts were made to increase the final gold recovery rate. However, approximately 20wt% of the gold was non-extractable. To determine the nature of this non-extractable gold, mineralogy liberation analysis(MLA), formation of secondary product during the bio-pretreatment, and the preg-robbing capacity of the carbonaceous matter in the ore were investigated. The results indicated that at least four factors affected the gold recovery rate: gold occurrence, tight junctions of gold-bearing pyrite with gangue minerals, jarosite coating of the ore, and the carbonaceous matter content.展开更多
文摘Introduction: Stroke may have a negative impact on mental health and behavior. Cognitive disorders are common after stroke. They are rarely assessed in current clinical practice, particularly in our context. They constitute a real “invisible” handicap. In sub-Saharan Africa, we are not aware of any studies specifically assessing executive functions. These functions are at the heart of all adaptation processes to new or complex situations. This prompted the authors to carry out this study at the Ibrahima Pierre Ndiaye Neuroscience Department of the Fann National University Hospital Centre (Senegal). Objective and Methodology: The aim of this study was to assess and characterize post-stroke alterations in executive functions in our context. We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study. It took place over a 4-month period from April 1 to August 31, 2021. Patients were matched to controls according to age, gender and educational level. Executive functions were assessed using the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB). Results: A total of 30 patients with stroke were enrolled. These patients were matched to controls. The mean age of the patients was 46.87 ± 17.65 years. For the control group, it was 39.27 ± 12.33 years. The prevalence of executive function disorders was 20% in post-stroke patients. The majority of executive functions assessed were impaired. Sensitivity to interference and environmental autonomy were the only ones preserved. Conclusion: Impaired executive functions are common after stroke. They should be systematically assessed in all stroke patients to ensure optimal management.
文摘Purpose:In this paper,we use author clustering based on journal coupling(i.e.,shared academic journals)to determine researchers who have the same scientific interests and similar conceptual frameworks.The basic assumption is that authors who publish in the same academic journals are more likely to share similar conceptual frameworks and interests than those who never publish in the same venues.Therefore,they are more likely to be part of the same invisible college(i.e.,authors in this subgroup contribute materially to research on the same topic and often publish their work in similar publication venues).Design/methodology/approach:Test in a controlled exercise the grouping of authors based on journal coupling to determine invisible colleges in a research field using a case study of 302 authors who had published in the Information Science and Library Science(IS&LS)category of the Web of Science Core Collection.For each author,we retrieved all the scientific journals in which this author had published his/her articles.We then used the cosine measure to calculate the similarity between authors(both first and second order).Findings:In this paper,using journal coupling of IS&LS authors,we found four main invisible colleges:“Information Systems”,“Business and Information Management”,“Quantitative Information Science”and“Library Science.”The main journals that determine the existence of these invisible colleges were Inform Syst Res,Inform Syst J,J Bus Res,J Knowl Manage,J Informetr,Pro Int Conf Sci Inf,Int J Geogr Inf Sci,J Am Med Inform Assn,and Learn Publ.However,the main journals that demonstrate that IS&LS determine a field were J Am Soc Inf Sci Tec/J Assoc Inf Sci Tech,Scientometrics,Inform Process Manag,and J Inf Sci.Research limitations:The results shown in this article are from a controlled exercise.The analysis performed using journal coupling excludes books,book chapters,and conference papers.In this article,only academic journals were used for the representation of research results.Practical implications:Our results may be of interest to IS&LS scholars.This is because these results provide a new lens for grouping authors,making use of the authors’journal publication profile and journal coupling.Furthermore,extending our approach to the study of the structure of other disciplines would possibly be of interest to historians of science as well as scientometricians.Originality/value:This is a novel approach based on journal coupling to determine authors who are most likely to be part of the same invisible college.
基金sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52275331 and 52205358)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFB4604800)+1 种基金the Key Research and Development Program of Hubei Province(2022BAA011)the Hong Kong Scholars Program(XJ2022014).
文摘Electromagnetic devices have been widely used in the fields of information communication,medical treatment,electrical engineering,and national defense,and their properties are strongly dependent on the constituent electromagnetic materials.Conversely,electromagnetic metamaterials(EMMs),which are artificially engineered with distinctive electromagnetic properties,can overcome the limitations of natural materials owing to their structural advantages.Three-dimensional(3D)printing is the most effec-tive technique for fabricating EMM devices with different geometric parameters and associated proper-ties.However,conventional 3D-printed EMM devices may lack manufacturing flexibility and environmental adaptability to different physical stimuli,such as electric and magnetic fields.Four-dimensional(4D)printing is an ideal technique for schemes to integrate structural design with intelligent materials environmentally adaptive to external fields,for example,the printed components can change shape under electric stimulation.Given the rapid advancements in the EMM field,this paper first reviews typical EMM devices,their design theories,and underlying principles.Subsequently,it presents various EMM structural topologies and manufacturing technologies,emphasizing the feasibility of combining 3D and 4D printing.In addition,we highlight the important applications of EMMs and their future trends and the challenges associated with functional EMMs and additive manufacturing.
基金financially supported by funds from the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality(Grant Number 7232251)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Number 22474006)。
文摘The dynamics of biomolecules span across a wide range of timescales,reflecting the complexity of free energy landscapes of biomolecules.Among these,the microsecond-tomillisecond(μs-ms)timescale dynamics are particularly significant,offering detailed insights into the kinetic,thermodynamic,and structural aspects of biological function.Many critical biological processes,including enzyme catalysis,protein folding,ligand binding,and allosteric regulation,operate within this timescale.Nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectroscopy is a powerful technique for probing molecular dynamics in this time window,commonly used NMR methods for investigatingμs-ms timescale dynamics include Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill(CPMG)relaxation dispersion,chemical exchange saturation transfer(CEST),and rotating-frame longitudinal relaxation dispersion(R_(1ρ)relaxation dispersion).This review provides a brief ove rview of the fundamental principles and some recent advances of these methods,highlighting their interrelationships and applications in elucidating biomolecular dynamics.
文摘Invisible Man is a novel written by Ralph Ellison,talking about how the protagonist struggled in society as an African-American,sought his own identity and sense of belonging,and finally accepted the reality of being“invisible”to live underground.The metaphors and symbols as key writing techniques in Invisible Man were analyzed in the paper with certain typical examples to reveal their research values for explorations of race issues in the book.The paper particularly highlights the tension embedded in the metaphors and the sarcasm conveyed through the symbols.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China to Jiping Huang(12035004 and 12320101004)the Innovation Program of the Shanghai Municipal Education Commission to Jiping Huang(2023ZKZD06)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China to Ying Li(92163123 and 52250191)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China to Ying Li(LZ24A050002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China to Liujun Xu(12375040,12088101,and U2330401).
文摘Thermal metamaterial represents a groundbreaking approach to control heat conduction,and,as a crucial component,thermal invisibility is of utmost importance for heat management.Despite the flourishing development of thermal invisibility schemes,they still face two limitations in practical applications.First,objects are typically completely enclosed in traditional cloaks,making them difficult to use and unsuitable for objects with heat sources.Second,although some theoretical proposals have been put forth to change the thermal conductivity of materials to achieve dynamic invisibility,their designs are complex and rigid,making them unsuitable for large-scale use in real threedimensional(3D)spaces.Here,we propose a concept of a thermal dome to achieve 3D invisibility.Our scheme includes an open functional area,greatly enhancing its usability and applicability.It features a reconfigurable structure,constructed with simple isotropic natural materials,making it suitable for dynamic requirements.The performance of our reconfigurable thermal dome has been confirmed through simulations and experiments,consistent with the theory.The introduction of this concept can greatly advance the development of thermal invisibility technology from theory to engineering and provide inspiration for other physical domains,such as direct current electric fields and magnetic fields.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, No. SBK2021021787the Major Project of the Health Commission ofJiangsu Province, No. ZD2022025and the Key Project of the Nanjing Health Commission, No. ZKX20048.
文摘BACKGROUND The relation between orthodontic treatment and temporomandibular disorders(TMDs)is under debate;the management of TMD during orthodontic treatment has always been a challenge.If TMD symptoms occur during orthodontic treatment,an immediate pause of orthodontic adjustments is recommended;the treatment can resume when the symptoms are managed and stabilized.CASE SUMMARY This case report presents a patient(26-year-old,female)with angle class I,skeletal class II and TMDs.The treatment was a hybrid of clear aligners,fixed appliances and temporary anchorage devices(TADs).After 3 mo resting and treatment on her TMD,the patient’s TMD symptom alleviated,but her anterior occlusion displayed deep overbite.Therefore,the fixed appliances with TAD were used to correct the anterior deep-bite and level maxillary and mandibular deep curves.After the levelling,the patient showed dual bite with centric relation and maximum intercuspation discrepancy on her occlusion.After careful examination of temporomandibular joints(TMJ)position,the stable bite splint and Invisible Mandibular Advancement appliance were used to reconstruct her occlusion.Eventually,the improved facial appearance and relatively stable occlusion were achieved.The 1-year follow-up records showed there was no obvious change in TMJ morphology,and her occlusion was stable.CONCLUSION TMD screening and monitoring is of great clinical importance in the TMD susceptible patients.Hybrid treatment with clear aligners and fixed appliances and TADs is an effective treatment modality for the complex cases.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11572090)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.3072022GIP0202).
文摘Thermal-electric bilayer invisibility cloak can prevent the heat flux and electric current from touching the object without distorting the external temperature and electric potential fields simultaneously.In this paper,we design an omnidirectional thermal-electric invisibility cloak with anisotropic geometry.Based on the theory of neutral inclusion,the anisotropic effective thermal and electric conductivities of confocal elliptical bilayer core-shell structure are derived,thus obtaining the anisotropic matrix material to eliminate the external disturbances omnidirectionally.The inner shell of the cloak is selected as an insulating material to shield the heat flux and electric current.Then,the omnidirectional thermal-electric cloaking effect is verified numerically and experimentally based on the theoretical anisotropic matrix and manufactured composite structure,respectively.Furthermore,we achieve the thermal-electric cloaking effect under a specific direction of heat flux and electric current using the isotropic natural materials to broaden the selection range of materials.The method proposed to eliminate anisotropy and achieve the omnidirectional effect could also be expanded to other different physical fields for the metadevices with different functions.
文摘Through the revelation of“commodity value”,the“invisible hand”described by Adam Smith is now clearly visible.It is precisely“commodity value”that guides people to seek benefits for themselves and for others,adding enormous wealth to society.
文摘In recent years,with the rapid development of China’s economy,a large number of people have flocked to the cities,which also brings more residential waste.The increased waste overloads transfer stations located near residential areas,and the continuous noise and odour affect the daily lives of nearby residents.In addition,the neighbourhood avoidance facilities represented by the waste transfer stations also reduce the value of the surrounding residents’houses.Therefore,using the conditional value method and the Tobit and Double Hurder econometric models,this article investigates the implicit value of the Fuli Resort neighbourhood under the influence of the waste transfer station through a questionnaire survey on the willingness of the residents to accept the compensation,which can be regarded as the“aversion value”of the neighbourhood due to the aversion to the waste transfer station and analyses the impact of the aversion value of the neighbourhood.aversion value and analyses the impact on residents’willingness to accept compensation.The study found that the residents’willingness to accept compensation near the waste transfer station is 511.94 RMB/person/month,and the implicit value of the Fuli Resort neighbourhood under the influence of the waste transfer station in Qinhuai District,Nanjing,Jiangsu Province,China,is 147,950 RMB.The study found that residents are most interested in having the government rectify the waste transfer station and set sanitary standards and work norms.
文摘This paper takes refraining narratives and translators＇ invisibility as the theoretical base for discussing the translators＇ position. Translating is to reconstruct the original text, which leads to information changes. This change is attributed to translator＇s idiolect and thinking pattern as well as different languages. The translator＇s role is obvious in the text translation. How to be invisible？ Even if invisibility is possible, the invisibility is like a moon in water, flower in fog. That is vague but invisible.
文摘Ralph Ellison’s Invisible Man deals with the identity issue fundamental for black Americans to reestablish themselves in the white-dominated society.While the narrator suffers from identity crisis in multiples ways,the paper focuses on the conflict between his need to build a distinctive individual identity with the prerequisite to surrender to collective identity in order to blend in the group.
文摘Throughout the past years, the important role of translators has always been overlooked. The invisibility was even taken as one of the standards of a good translator. However, great change happens, especially after the"culture turn"in translation study and the role of the translators has been laid emphasis on. This kind of sharp change has led to two extreme thoughts on this issue: scholars choose either total invisibility or complete subjectivity. This paper puts forward an inter-subjective system, in which the subjectivity should be emphasized only with constraints. The other subjects in the inter-subjective system contribute to the restriction of the subjectivity of the translator during the translation process.By writing this paper, the author wishes to present a comprehensive and balanced way of understanding translators' subjectivity. Therefore, no matter analyzing the translation process or evaluating translation products, people will be more objective towards the role of translators.
基金financially supported by the National Science and Technology Supporting Program (No. 2012BAB10B08)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (No. 2012AA060501)
文摘To extract gold from a low-grade(13.43 g/t) and high-sulfur(39.94wt% sulfide sulfur) Carlin-type gold concentrate from the Nibao deposit, Guizhou, a bio-pretreatment followed by carbon-in-pulp(CIP) cyanide leaching process was used. Various methods were used to detect the low-grade gold in the concentrate; however, only time-of-flight secondary-ion mass spectrometry(TOF-SIMS) was successful. With bio-pretreatment, the gold recovery rate increased by approximately 70.16% compared with that obtained by direct cyanide leaching of the concentrate. Various attempts were made to increase the final gold recovery rate. However, approximately 20wt% of the gold was non-extractable. To determine the nature of this non-extractable gold, mineralogy liberation analysis(MLA), formation of secondary product during the bio-pretreatment, and the preg-robbing capacity of the carbonaceous matter in the ore were investigated. The results indicated that at least four factors affected the gold recovery rate: gold occurrence, tight junctions of gold-bearing pyrite with gangue minerals, jarosite coating of the ore, and the carbonaceous matter content.
