BACKGROUND Lung cancer is one of the deadliest cancers in the world with the highest incidence and mortality rate among all cancers.Non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)accounts for approximately 80%of primary lung cancer...BACKGROUND Lung cancer is one of the deadliest cancers in the world with the highest incidence and mortality rate among all cancers.Non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)accounts for approximately 80%of primary lung cancer.However,efficacy and safety of the current regimens for NSCLC is unsatisfactory.Therefore,there has been an increasing urgency for development of potential therapeutic therapies for NSCLC.AIM To investigate the therapeutic outcomes and safety of continuous intravenous infusion of recombinant human endostatin(Rh-endostain)using an infusion pump in retreated advanced NSCLC.METHODS Patients with retreated advanced NSCLC who were admitted to Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital from October 2017 to April 2019 were recruited.These patients received continuous intravenous infusion of Rh-endostain using an infusion pump.Objective response rate(ORR),clinical benefit rate(CBR),median progression-free survival(mPFS),and incidences of adverse events(AEs)were analyzed after treatment.RESULTS A total of 45 patients with retreated advanced NSCLC were included,and all of them were evaluated.In these patients,ORR was 22.2%,CBR was 84.4%,and mPFS was 5.3 mo.The following AEs were observed,decreased hemoglobin(34 cases,75.6%),nausea/vomiting(32 cases,71.1%),elevated transaminase(24 cases,53.3%),leukopenia(16 cases,35.6%),thrombocytopenia(14 cases,31.1%),and constipation(1 case,3.4%).None of the patients had leukopenia,nausea/vomiting,and constipation of grade III and above.CONCLUSION The patients showed improved adherence to 5-d continuous intravenous infusion of Rh-endostain using an infusion pump.Favorable efficacy and safety of this treatment regimen were achieved in retreated advanced NSCLC.展开更多
Objective To evaluate the changes in blood pressure (BP) of elderly hypertensive patients having dental extraction under sedation with continuous intravenous infusion of midazolam. Methods One hundred elderly hyperten...Objective To evaluate the changes in blood pressure (BP) of elderly hypertensive patients having dental extraction under sedation with continuous intravenous infusion of midazolam. Methods One hundred elderly hypertensive patients undergoing dental extraction were recruited for this single-blind, randomized, controlled study. Patients in intervention group (n=50) were given midazolam dissolved in glucose solution and patients in control group (n=50) were given glucose solution only with communication technique. Systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) were recorded in five time points. Results Under basal conditions, intervention group did not show significant difference in BP compared with control group. Before sedation, mean values of SBP and DBP (especially SBP) significantly increased compared with basal conditions in both groups (P<0.05). During dental extraction sessions, mean values of BP in intervention group significantly decreased than control group (P<0.05), but coefficient of variation did show significant difference in both groups. Conclusion Continuous intravenous infusion of midazolam has been proved to be very successful in controlling BP of elderly patients having dental extraction.展开更多
Objective:This study aimed to evaluate the effect of optimization of the intravenous infusion workflow in isolation wards for patients with coronavirus disease 2019.Methods:The infusion management group optimized the ...Objective:This study aimed to evaluate the effect of optimization of the intravenous infusion workflow in isolation wards for patients with coronavirus disease 2019.Methods:The infusion management group optimized the intravenous infusion workflow based on Hamer's Process Reengineering Theory and applied it to the treatment of patients with coronavirus disease 2019.The work efficiency,patients'satisfaction and economic indicators before and after optimization were compared.Results:After the infusion workflow was optimized,average times for preparation drugs and intravenous admixture,and patients'waiting time decreased from 4.84 min,4.03 min,and 34.33 min to 3.50 min,2.60 min,and 30.87 min,respectively,patients'satisfaction increased from 66.7%to 93.3%,and the cost of personal protective equipment(PPE)decreased from 46.67 sets and 186.6 CNY per day to 36.17 sets and 144.6 CNY,with statistical significance.Conclusion:The optimization of the intravenous infusion workflow can effectively decrease the cost of PPE while improving the efficiency of infusion and patients'satisfaction.展开更多
BACKGROUND Implanted intravenous infusion port(TIAP)is mainly used for patients who need central venous infusion and poor peripheral vascular conditions.With the advantages of easy to carry,long maintenance cycle,few ...BACKGROUND Implanted intravenous infusion port(TIAP)is mainly used for patients who need central venous infusion and poor peripheral vascular conditions.With the advantages of easy to carry,long maintenance cycle,few complications and excellent quality of life,it has been widely used in the fields of malignant tumor chemotherapy,parenteral nutrition support and repeated blood collection.Implanted intravenous infusion port(IVAP)dislocation can have significant complications if not recognised and reinstated immediately.CASE SUMMARY A 24-year-old man was treated with adjuvant chemotherapy for osteosarcoma.Severe displacement of IVAP catheter was found by chest X-ray examination.The IVAP cannot be used normally.Therefore,we conducted an emergency procedure to reset the catheter through double pigtail catheters,the operation was successful and the infusion port was restored.CONCLUSION When IVAP catheter displacement cannot be reset by conventional techniques,two pigtail catheters can be successfully used instead.展开更多
Pharmacokinetic compartment models are the only models that can extract pharmacokinetic parameters from data collected in clinical studies but their estimates lack accuracy, explanations and physiological significance...Pharmacokinetic compartment models are the only models that can extract pharmacokinetic parameters from data collected in clinical studies but their estimates lack accuracy, explanations and physiological significance. The objective of this work was to develop particular solutions to drug concentration and AUC in the form of mathematical series and Heaviside functions for repetitive intermittent infusions in the one- and two-compartment models, as a function of dose number and total time using differential calculus. It was demonstrated that the central and peripheral compartment volumes determined from regression analysis of the aminoglycoside antibiotic Sisomicin concentration in plasma represent the actual physiological body fluid volumes accessible by the drug. The drug peak time and peak concentration in the peripheral compartment were also calculated as a function of dose number. It is also shown that the time of intercompartmental momentary distribution equilibrium can be used to determine the drug’s apparent volume of distribution within any dosing interval in multi-compartment models. These estimates were used to carry out simulations of plasma drug concentration with time in the one-compartment model. In conclusion, the two-compartment open mammillary pharmacokinetic model was fully explained for the aminoglycoside antibiotic sisomicin through the new concept of the apparent volume of distribution.展开更多
Objective: To explore the effectiveness of applying patient simulators combined with Internet Plus scenario simulation teaching models on intravenous (IV) infusion nursing education, and to provide scientific evidence...Objective: To explore the effectiveness of applying patient simulators combined with Internet Plus scenario simulation teaching models on intravenous (IV) infusion nursing education, and to provide scientific evidence for the implementation of advanced teaching models in future nursing education. Methods: Enrolled 60 nurses who took the IV infusion therapy training program in our hospital from January 2022 to December 2023 for research. 30 nurses who were trained in traditional teaching models from January to December 2022 were selected as the control group, and 30 nurses who were trained with simulation-based teaching models with methods including simulated patients, internet, online meetings which can be replayed and scenario simulation, etc. from January to December 2023 were selected as the experimental group. Evaluated the learning outcomes based on the Competency Inventory for Nursing Students (CINS), Problem-Solving Inventory (PSI), comprehensive learning ability, scientific research ability, and proficiency in the theoretical knowledge and practical skills of IV infusion therapy. Nursing quality, the incidence of IV infusion therapy complications and nurse satisfaction with different teaching models were also measured. Results: The scientific research ability, PSI scores, CINS scores, and comprehensive learning ability of the experimental group were better than those of the control group (P 0.05), and their assessment results of practical skills, nursing quality of IV infusion therapy during training, and satisfaction with teaching models were all better than those of the control group with statistical significance (P < 0.05). The incidence of IV infusion therapy complications in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group, indicating statistical significance (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Teaching models based on patient simulators combined with Internet Plus scenario simulation enable nursing students to learn more directly and practice at any time and in any place, and can improve their proficiency in IV infusion theoretical knowledge and skills (e.g. PICC catheterization), core competencies, problem-solving ability, comprehensive learning ability, scientific research ability and the ability to deal with complicated cases. Also, it helps provide high-quality nursing education, improve the nursing quality of IV therapy, reduce the incidence of related complications, and ensure the safety of patients with IV therapy.展开更多
Objective: to explore the influence of psychological nursing combined health education to improve intravenous infusion cooperation and parental nursing satisfaction. Methods: the study subjects were infusion children,...Objective: to explore the influence of psychological nursing combined health education to improve intravenous infusion cooperation and parental nursing satisfaction. Methods: the study subjects were infusion children, with a total of 80 cases, and the average group, respectively applied routine nursing (reference group), psychological nursing combined health education (research group), and the nursing effect was relatively analyzed. Results: family health knowledge score after management, infusion adverse infusion reactions, negative mood score, treatment compliance, comfort score and nursing satisfaction were all higher than the reference group, P <0.05. Conclusion: psychological nursing combined health education for children with outpatient infusion has significant nursing effect.展开更多
Objective To analyze the effect of high-quality nursing on improving the nursing quality of intravenous infusion in children.Methods 100 children with intravenous infusion in our hospital from October 2018 to October ...Objective To analyze the effect of high-quality nursing on improving the nursing quality of intravenous infusion in children.Methods 100 children with intravenous infusion in our hospital from October 2018 to October 2020 were selected for observation. According to the difference of nursing methods, all children were divided into control group (50 cases, routine nursing intervention) and observation group (50 cases, high-quality nursing intervention). The nursing quality of the two nursing methods was compared and analyzed.Results the treatment compliance of children in the observation group after high-quality nursing was significantly higher than that in the control group with routine nursing intervention (P < 0.05).The incidence of nursing risk events in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05).The satisfaction of family members in the observation group after high-quality nursing was significantly higher than that in the control group with routine nursing intervention (P < 0.05).Conclusion the application of high-quality nursing intervention in children's infusion treatment can effectively improve the treatment compliance of children and reduce the incidence of risk events in the treatment process. It is also of great significance to improve the nursing satisfaction of children's family members, which is worthy of clinical application.展开更多
Objective: to analyze the risk factors of fluid extravasation in elderly patients undergoing intravenous infusion and to formulate targeted nursing measures. Methods: 816 elderly patients undergoing intravenous infusi...Objective: to analyze the risk factors of fluid extravasation in elderly patients undergoing intravenous infusion and to formulate targeted nursing measures. Methods: 816 elderly patients undergoing intravenous infusion were divided into group A (61 cases, with liquid extravasation) and group B (755 cases, without liquid extravasation) based on the occurrence of liquid extravasation. The data of the two groups were collected, and the influencing factors of liquid extravasation were analyzed by nurses and operating reasons (seniority of nurses, succession during infusion, success of one puncture, etc.) and patient reasons (gender, age, disease site, etc.). Results: ① nurses and operating factors: nurses seniority, complete inspection record of venous passage, success of one puncture, infusion health education, puncture site immobilization, drug warming, indwelling time of venous indwelling needle, and intravenous infusion health education were the influencing factors of fluid extravasation (p < 0.05);② Patient factors: age was the influencing factor of fluid extravasation (p < 0.05);③ Logistic multiple regression analysis: Nurses seniority, success of one puncture, health education of intravenous infusion, braking of puncture site and moderate warming of drugs were the protective factors of fluid extravasation, while the retention time of intravenous indwelling needle, patients age and BMI were the risk factors of fluid extravasation (p < 0.05). Conclusion: nurses, operation reasons and patients age will affect the situation of liquid extravasation during intravenous infusion in the elderly. It is necessary to strengthen targeted nursing intervention.展开更多
This paper analyzes the reasons of 110 secondary vocational nursing students' losing points in intravenous infusion skill examination in grade two of our school. And it puts forward the corresponding strategies, a...This paper analyzes the reasons of 110 secondary vocational nursing students' losing points in intravenous infusion skill examination in grade two of our school. And it puts forward the corresponding strategies, aiming at promoting the nursing students to master the operation skills skillfully and shaping the students' stable psychological quality, using modern teaching methods and methods to improve the quality of practical training teaching, and training qualified nursing talents that can be close to clinical posts.展开更多
Objective: to observe the application effect of detail optimization puncture technique when using disposable scalp needle in childrens scalp intravenous infusion. Methods: 200 children with scalp venous infusion were ...Objective: to observe the application effect of detail optimization puncture technique when using disposable scalp needle in childrens scalp intravenous infusion. Methods: 200 children with scalp venous infusion were received from January 2021 to January 2022, and standardized grouping operation was carried out randomly. The control group applied routine puncture technique to 100 cases included, and the observation group applied detail optimized puncture technique to 100 cases included. The pain score, puncture condition, adverse condition and family satisfaction were compared between groups. Results: the scores of the former group were lower than that of the latter group (P < 0.05). The success rate of one-time puncture was 94.00% in the observation group and 76.00% in the control group. The former group was higher than the latter group, and the puncture time in the former group was lower (P < 0.05);the adverse situation of the children included in the observation group was evaluated as 2.00%, and that of the control group was evaluated as 14.00%. The former group was lower than the latter group (P < 0.05);the satisfaction of the family members of the children included in the observation group was 100.00%, and the satisfaction of the family members of the control group was 90.00%. The former group was higher than the latter group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: the implementation of detail optimization puncture technique in scalp vein infusion with one-time scalp needle puncture can improve the success rate of one-time puncture, reduce the pain of children and make the family satisfied.展开更多
Intravenous infusion,a common clinical drug treatment method,is widely used in the treatment of various diseases.Due to the invasive nature of puncture during intravenous infusion,patients may inevitably experience re...Intravenous infusion,a common clinical drug treatment method,is widely used in the treatment of various diseases.Due to the invasive nature of puncture during intravenous infusion,patients may inevitably experience resistance and tension when facing nursing staff performing infusion procedures.Additionally,the complexity of the nursing staff’s work and the impact of the infusion therapy environment can exacerbate the tension between nurses and patients,leading to risks such as drug leakage and needlestick injuries.This article focuses on the factors influencing extravasation during intravenous infusion and elaborates on how high-quality nursing interventions can reduce the incidence of adverse events during intravenous infusion.These interventions aim to improve patient satisfaction with intravenous infusion nursing care and ensure the safety of intravenous infusion procedures.展开更多
Objective Pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of vancomycin in serum were studied after continuous infusion. Methods Twelve neurosurgical postoperative patients with ventricular drainage were enrolled in this study. In ...Objective Pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of vancomycin in serum were studied after continuous infusion. Methods Twelve neurosurgical postoperative patients with ventricular drainage were enrolled in this study. In each patient,a loading dose of vancomycin of 0. 5 g was administered for 1 h followed展开更多
The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of infusion container design on the volume of residual drug solution following use in a clinical setting. 0.9% （w/v） NaCl infusion solution containers （5 ty...The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of infusion container design on the volume of residual drug solution following use in a clinical setting. 0.9% （w/v） NaCl infusion solution containers （5 types, each of three capacities： 100 mL, 250 mL and 500 mL） following clinical use for in-patients at Peking University Third Hospital were collected during Sept. and Oct. 2007. The volume of residual drug solution was determined. Hospital pharmacy records were used to determine the potential economic implications of discarding residual drug solutions. The mean residual volumes ranged from 0.38 mL to 4.80 mL and, in general, residual volume increased with increasing container capacity. The residual volumes for one type of double-port soft bag were significantly lower than the residual volumes for all other containers of the same capacity （P〈0.05）, including glass and semi-rigid plastic bottles. Highest residual volumes were observed for the single-port soft bag. Estimates of the value of discarded residual drug solution ranged from approximately US $15,000 to US $150,000 per annum in our hospital. Infusion container design has a major influence on residual drug solution volumes following intravenous infusion. Appropriate choice of bag design remains an important consideration for the economics and efficacy of infusion treatment in Chinese hospitals.展开更多
BACKGROUND Implanted intravenous infusion port(IVAP)is indicated for patients undergoing chemotherapy,total parenteral nutrition and long-term antibiotic treatment.Among their complications,the rupture and migration o...BACKGROUND Implanted intravenous infusion port(IVAP)is indicated for patients undergoing chemotherapy,total parenteral nutrition and long-term antibiotic treatment.Among their complications,the rupture and migration of the catheter of an IVAP via internal jugular vein represents a very rare but potentially severe condition.CASE SUMMARY A 43-year-old woman was identified with a spontaneous fracture and migration of catheter of an IVAP via right internal jugular vein after adjuvant chemotherapy for left breast cancer.A computed tomography showed the fractured catheter of the IVAP in the pulmonary artery.Therefore,we conducted an emergency procedure to remove the catheter fragment by a pigtail catheter combined with a gooseneck trap.CONCLUSION When the fractured catheter of an IVAP was detected,the special shape of the pigtail catheter in combination with the gooseneck trap successfully facilitated the removal of the dislodged catheter.展开更多
<strong>Background:</strong> <span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Gemcitabine was established as a monotherapy or in c...<strong>Background:</strong> <span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Gemcitabine was established as a monotherapy or in combination for locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic carcinoma. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Aim:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the low-dose gemcitabine over 6-hour infusion in patients with advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">26 patients with locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic carcinoma were recruited into the study from December 2013 to October 2014. Patients received the treatment in Clinical Oncology Department, Sohag University, and Medical Oncology Department, Assiut University. Patients received low-dose gemcitabine (250 mg/m</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) over 6-hour infusion, weekly for seven weeks and then on days 1 and 8 every 3 weeks till unacceptable toxicity or progression of the disease. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Twenty-six patients were enrolled in this study. After starting 7 weeks of treatment, the disease control rate was 38.5% in the form of complete response in 3.8% of patients, partial response in 26.9%, and sta</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">tionary response in 7.7%. However, disease progression occurred in 61.5%. Progression-free survival</span></span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">s</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">were</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 65.38%, 23.07%, 7.69% and 3.84% after 3, 6,</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 9 and 12</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">months, respectively.</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Also, overall survival</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">s</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> at 3-month, 6-month, 9-month, and 12-month </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">were</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 61.53%, 42.30%, 23.07%, and 7.69%, respectively. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Prolonged infusion of low dose gemcitabine is a tolerable and a good option in locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic carcinoma. There may be a benefit of that protocol in patients with bad performance status. More clinical trials with a combination of other cytotoxic agents or target therapy </span></span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">are</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> needed to get better survival and lesser toxicity.</span></span></span>展开更多
Objective: to explore the application effect of continuous nursing system in the nursing of discharged patients in intravenous infusion port. Methods: from February 2019 to January 2021, 82 patients with implantable i...Objective: to explore the application effect of continuous nursing system in the nursing of discharged patients in intravenous infusion port. Methods: from February 2019 to January 2021, 82 patients with implantable intravenous infusion port were treated in our hospital. According to the parity of admission number, 41 odd cases entered the control group for routine discharge follow-up nursing;An even number of 41 patients entered the experimental group and adopted the continuous nursing system. The maintenance compliance, self-care ability and quality of life of infusion port were compared. Results: the excellent and good rate of maintenance compliance of infusion port in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group (97.56% vs 82.93%);After the intervention, the scores of ESCA and QOL in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group. The test results showed that there was significant difference (P < 0.05). Conclusion: the continuous nursing system for discharged patients in intravenous infusion port can not only improve the maintenance compliance of infusion port, but also improve their self-care ability and quality of life, so it is worth popularizing.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the effects of intravenous administration of the antioxidant glutathione (GSH) on reperfusion injury following liver transplantation. METHODS:Livers of male Lewis rats were transplanted after 24 h o...AIM:To investigate the effects of intravenous administration of the antioxidant glutathione (GSH) on reperfusion injury following liver transplantation. METHODS:Livers of male Lewis rats were transplanted after 24 h of hypothermic preservation in University of Wisconsin solution in a syngeneic setting.During a 2-h reperfusion period either saline (controls,n=8) or GSH (50 or 100 μmol/(h·kg),n=5 each) was continuously administered via the jugular vein. RESULTS:Two hours after starting reperfusion plasma ALT increased to 1 457±281 U/L (mean±SE) in controls but to only 908±187 U/L (P<0.05) in animals treated with 100 μmol GSH/(h·kg).No protection was conveyed by 50μmol GSH/(h·kg).Cytoprotection was confirmed by morphological findings on electron microscopy:GSH treatment prevented detachment of sinusoidal endothelial cells (SECs) as well as loss of microvilli and mitochondrial swelling of hepatocytes.Accordingly,postischemic bile flow increased 2-fold.Intravital fluorescence microscopy revealed a nearly complete restoration of sinusoidal blood flow and a significant reduction of leukocyte adherence to sinusoids and postsinusoidal venules.Following infusion of 50μmol and 100 μmol GSH/(h·kg),plasma GSH increased to 65±7 mol/L and 97±18 mol/L,but to only 20±3 mol/L in untreated recipients. Furthermore,plasma glutathione disulfide (GSSG) increased to 7.5±1.0 mol/L in animals treated with 100μmol/(h·kg) GSH but infusion of 50μmol GSH/(h·kg) did not raise levels of untreated controls (1.8±0.5 mol/L vs 2.2±0.2 mol/L). CONCLUSION:Plasma GSH levels above a critical level may act as a “sink” for ROS produced in the hepatic vasculature during reperfusion of liver grafts.Therefore,GSH can be considered a candidate antioxidant for the Drevention of reperfusion injury after liver transplantation,in particular since it has a low toxicity in humans.展开更多
Objective： To study the cerebrospinal fluid pharmacokinetics of intravenously administered high dose-methotrexate （HD-MTX） and provide a solid fundament for clinical practice. Methods： MTX at a high dose ranging f...Objective： To study the cerebrospinal fluid pharmacokinetics of intravenously administered high dose-methotrexate （HD-MTX） and provide a solid fundament for clinical practice. Methods： MTX at a high dose ranging from 1.0 to 3.0 g per course was intravenously administered to 30 patients with malignant tumors. Blood and CSF samples were consecutively collected up to 36 h after the initiation of infusion （6 h）. MTX concentrations were measured by using a reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography （RP-HPLC） assay. Results： CSF MTX concentrations were （1.65±1.52）×10^-6, （4.3±3.34）× 10^-7, （1.46±1.10）×10^-7 and （3.19±4.38）×10^-8 mol/L, respectively, at 0, 6, 12 and 24 h post infusion, and became undetectable at 36 h post infusion. The concentration-time curve of CSF MTX closely resembled that of the plasma MTX and fitted with the following linear regression equation： Y=0.057 97＋0.010 82X （Y： CSF MTX concentration, X： Plasma MTX concentration, r=0.8357）. Conclusion： CSF MTX was metabolized in a linear two-compartment model. Additionally, pharmacokinetic analysis of MTX levels indicated a positive correlation between CSF MTX and plasma MTX levels.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Lung cancer is one of the deadliest cancers in the world with the highest incidence and mortality rate among all cancers.Non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)accounts for approximately 80%of primary lung cancer.However,efficacy and safety of the current regimens for NSCLC is unsatisfactory.Therefore,there has been an increasing urgency for development of potential therapeutic therapies for NSCLC.AIM To investigate the therapeutic outcomes and safety of continuous intravenous infusion of recombinant human endostatin(Rh-endostain)using an infusion pump in retreated advanced NSCLC.METHODS Patients with retreated advanced NSCLC who were admitted to Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital from October 2017 to April 2019 were recruited.These patients received continuous intravenous infusion of Rh-endostain using an infusion pump.Objective response rate(ORR),clinical benefit rate(CBR),median progression-free survival(mPFS),and incidences of adverse events(AEs)were analyzed after treatment.RESULTS A total of 45 patients with retreated advanced NSCLC were included,and all of them were evaluated.In these patients,ORR was 22.2%,CBR was 84.4%,and mPFS was 5.3 mo.The following AEs were observed,decreased hemoglobin(34 cases,75.6%),nausea/vomiting(32 cases,71.1%),elevated transaminase(24 cases,53.3%),leukopenia(16 cases,35.6%),thrombocytopenia(14 cases,31.1%),and constipation(1 case,3.4%).None of the patients had leukopenia,nausea/vomiting,and constipation of grade III and above.CONCLUSION The patients showed improved adherence to 5-d continuous intravenous infusion of Rh-endostain using an infusion pump.Favorable efficacy and safety of this treatment regimen were achieved in retreated advanced NSCLC.
文摘Objective To evaluate the changes in blood pressure (BP) of elderly hypertensive patients having dental extraction under sedation with continuous intravenous infusion of midazolam. Methods One hundred elderly hypertensive patients undergoing dental extraction were recruited for this single-blind, randomized, controlled study. Patients in intervention group (n=50) were given midazolam dissolved in glucose solution and patients in control group (n=50) were given glucose solution only with communication technique. Systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) were recorded in five time points. Results Under basal conditions, intervention group did not show significant difference in BP compared with control group. Before sedation, mean values of SBP and DBP (especially SBP) significantly increased compared with basal conditions in both groups (P<0.05). During dental extraction sessions, mean values of BP in intervention group significantly decreased than control group (P<0.05), but coefficient of variation did show significant difference in both groups. Conclusion Continuous intravenous infusion of midazolam has been proved to be very successful in controlling BP of elderly patients having dental extraction.
文摘Objective:This study aimed to evaluate the effect of optimization of the intravenous infusion workflow in isolation wards for patients with coronavirus disease 2019.Methods:The infusion management group optimized the intravenous infusion workflow based on Hamer's Process Reengineering Theory and applied it to the treatment of patients with coronavirus disease 2019.The work efficiency,patients'satisfaction and economic indicators before and after optimization were compared.Results:After the infusion workflow was optimized,average times for preparation drugs and intravenous admixture,and patients'waiting time decreased from 4.84 min,4.03 min,and 34.33 min to 3.50 min,2.60 min,and 30.87 min,respectively,patients'satisfaction increased from 66.7%to 93.3%,and the cost of personal protective equipment(PPE)decreased from 46.67 sets and 186.6 CNY per day to 36.17 sets and 144.6 CNY,with statistical significance.Conclusion:The optimization of the intravenous infusion workflow can effectively decrease the cost of PPE while improving the efficiency of infusion and patients'satisfaction.
基金Supported by Shenzhen Key Medical Discipline Construction Fund,No.SZXK052。
文摘BACKGROUND Implanted intravenous infusion port(TIAP)is mainly used for patients who need central venous infusion and poor peripheral vascular conditions.With the advantages of easy to carry,long maintenance cycle,few complications and excellent quality of life,it has been widely used in the fields of malignant tumor chemotherapy,parenteral nutrition support and repeated blood collection.Implanted intravenous infusion port(IVAP)dislocation can have significant complications if not recognised and reinstated immediately.CASE SUMMARY A 24-year-old man was treated with adjuvant chemotherapy for osteosarcoma.Severe displacement of IVAP catheter was found by chest X-ray examination.The IVAP cannot be used normally.Therefore,we conducted an emergency procedure to reset the catheter through double pigtail catheters,the operation was successful and the infusion port was restored.CONCLUSION When IVAP catheter displacement cannot be reset by conventional techniques,two pigtail catheters can be successfully used instead.
文摘Pharmacokinetic compartment models are the only models that can extract pharmacokinetic parameters from data collected in clinical studies but their estimates lack accuracy, explanations and physiological significance. The objective of this work was to develop particular solutions to drug concentration and AUC in the form of mathematical series and Heaviside functions for repetitive intermittent infusions in the one- and two-compartment models, as a function of dose number and total time using differential calculus. It was demonstrated that the central and peripheral compartment volumes determined from regression analysis of the aminoglycoside antibiotic Sisomicin concentration in plasma represent the actual physiological body fluid volumes accessible by the drug. The drug peak time and peak concentration in the peripheral compartment were also calculated as a function of dose number. It is also shown that the time of intercompartmental momentary distribution equilibrium can be used to determine the drug’s apparent volume of distribution within any dosing interval in multi-compartment models. These estimates were used to carry out simulations of plasma drug concentration with time in the one-compartment model. In conclusion, the two-compartment open mammillary pharmacokinetic model was fully explained for the aminoglycoside antibiotic sisomicin through the new concept of the apparent volume of distribution.
文摘Objective: To explore the effectiveness of applying patient simulators combined with Internet Plus scenario simulation teaching models on intravenous (IV) infusion nursing education, and to provide scientific evidence for the implementation of advanced teaching models in future nursing education. Methods: Enrolled 60 nurses who took the IV infusion therapy training program in our hospital from January 2022 to December 2023 for research. 30 nurses who were trained in traditional teaching models from January to December 2022 were selected as the control group, and 30 nurses who were trained with simulation-based teaching models with methods including simulated patients, internet, online meetings which can be replayed and scenario simulation, etc. from January to December 2023 were selected as the experimental group. Evaluated the learning outcomes based on the Competency Inventory for Nursing Students (CINS), Problem-Solving Inventory (PSI), comprehensive learning ability, scientific research ability, and proficiency in the theoretical knowledge and practical skills of IV infusion therapy. Nursing quality, the incidence of IV infusion therapy complications and nurse satisfaction with different teaching models were also measured. Results: The scientific research ability, PSI scores, CINS scores, and comprehensive learning ability of the experimental group were better than those of the control group (P 0.05), and their assessment results of practical skills, nursing quality of IV infusion therapy during training, and satisfaction with teaching models were all better than those of the control group with statistical significance (P < 0.05). The incidence of IV infusion therapy complications in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group, indicating statistical significance (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Teaching models based on patient simulators combined with Internet Plus scenario simulation enable nursing students to learn more directly and practice at any time and in any place, and can improve their proficiency in IV infusion theoretical knowledge and skills (e.g. PICC catheterization), core competencies, problem-solving ability, comprehensive learning ability, scientific research ability and the ability to deal with complicated cases. Also, it helps provide high-quality nursing education, improve the nursing quality of IV therapy, reduce the incidence of related complications, and ensure the safety of patients with IV therapy.
文摘Objective: to explore the influence of psychological nursing combined health education to improve intravenous infusion cooperation and parental nursing satisfaction. Methods: the study subjects were infusion children, with a total of 80 cases, and the average group, respectively applied routine nursing (reference group), psychological nursing combined health education (research group), and the nursing effect was relatively analyzed. Results: family health knowledge score after management, infusion adverse infusion reactions, negative mood score, treatment compliance, comfort score and nursing satisfaction were all higher than the reference group, P <0.05. Conclusion: psychological nursing combined health education for children with outpatient infusion has significant nursing effect.
文摘Objective To analyze the effect of high-quality nursing on improving the nursing quality of intravenous infusion in children.Methods 100 children with intravenous infusion in our hospital from October 2018 to October 2020 were selected for observation. According to the difference of nursing methods, all children were divided into control group (50 cases, routine nursing intervention) and observation group (50 cases, high-quality nursing intervention). The nursing quality of the two nursing methods was compared and analyzed.Results the treatment compliance of children in the observation group after high-quality nursing was significantly higher than that in the control group with routine nursing intervention (P < 0.05).The incidence of nursing risk events in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05).The satisfaction of family members in the observation group after high-quality nursing was significantly higher than that in the control group with routine nursing intervention (P < 0.05).Conclusion the application of high-quality nursing intervention in children's infusion treatment can effectively improve the treatment compliance of children and reduce the incidence of risk events in the treatment process. It is also of great significance to improve the nursing satisfaction of children's family members, which is worthy of clinical application.
文摘Objective: to analyze the risk factors of fluid extravasation in elderly patients undergoing intravenous infusion and to formulate targeted nursing measures. Methods: 816 elderly patients undergoing intravenous infusion were divided into group A (61 cases, with liquid extravasation) and group B (755 cases, without liquid extravasation) based on the occurrence of liquid extravasation. The data of the two groups were collected, and the influencing factors of liquid extravasation were analyzed by nurses and operating reasons (seniority of nurses, succession during infusion, success of one puncture, etc.) and patient reasons (gender, age, disease site, etc.). Results: ① nurses and operating factors: nurses seniority, complete inspection record of venous passage, success of one puncture, infusion health education, puncture site immobilization, drug warming, indwelling time of venous indwelling needle, and intravenous infusion health education were the influencing factors of fluid extravasation (p < 0.05);② Patient factors: age was the influencing factor of fluid extravasation (p < 0.05);③ Logistic multiple regression analysis: Nurses seniority, success of one puncture, health education of intravenous infusion, braking of puncture site and moderate warming of drugs were the protective factors of fluid extravasation, while the retention time of intravenous indwelling needle, patients age and BMI were the risk factors of fluid extravasation (p < 0.05). Conclusion: nurses, operation reasons and patients age will affect the situation of liquid extravasation during intravenous infusion in the elderly. It is necessary to strengthen targeted nursing intervention.
文摘This paper analyzes the reasons of 110 secondary vocational nursing students' losing points in intravenous infusion skill examination in grade two of our school. And it puts forward the corresponding strategies, aiming at promoting the nursing students to master the operation skills skillfully and shaping the students' stable psychological quality, using modern teaching methods and methods to improve the quality of practical training teaching, and training qualified nursing talents that can be close to clinical posts.
文摘Objective: to observe the application effect of detail optimization puncture technique when using disposable scalp needle in childrens scalp intravenous infusion. Methods: 200 children with scalp venous infusion were received from January 2021 to January 2022, and standardized grouping operation was carried out randomly. The control group applied routine puncture technique to 100 cases included, and the observation group applied detail optimized puncture technique to 100 cases included. The pain score, puncture condition, adverse condition and family satisfaction were compared between groups. Results: the scores of the former group were lower than that of the latter group (P < 0.05). The success rate of one-time puncture was 94.00% in the observation group and 76.00% in the control group. The former group was higher than the latter group, and the puncture time in the former group was lower (P < 0.05);the adverse situation of the children included in the observation group was evaluated as 2.00%, and that of the control group was evaluated as 14.00%. The former group was lower than the latter group (P < 0.05);the satisfaction of the family members of the children included in the observation group was 100.00%, and the satisfaction of the family members of the control group was 90.00%. The former group was higher than the latter group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: the implementation of detail optimization puncture technique in scalp vein infusion with one-time scalp needle puncture can improve the success rate of one-time puncture, reduce the pain of children and make the family satisfied.
基金Henan Medical Science and Technology Research and Development Program in 2023“Analysis of Causes of Extravasation in Intravenous Infusion and Construction of Nursing Intervention Model”(Project No.LHGJ20230029)。
文摘Intravenous infusion,a common clinical drug treatment method,is widely used in the treatment of various diseases.Due to the invasive nature of puncture during intravenous infusion,patients may inevitably experience resistance and tension when facing nursing staff performing infusion procedures.Additionally,the complexity of the nursing staff’s work and the impact of the infusion therapy environment can exacerbate the tension between nurses and patients,leading to risks such as drug leakage and needlestick injuries.This article focuses on the factors influencing extravasation during intravenous infusion and elaborates on how high-quality nursing interventions can reduce the incidence of adverse events during intravenous infusion.These interventions aim to improve patient satisfaction with intravenous infusion nursing care and ensure the safety of intravenous infusion procedures.
文摘Objective Pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of vancomycin in serum were studied after continuous infusion. Methods Twelve neurosurgical postoperative patients with ventricular drainage were enrolled in this study. In each patient,a loading dose of vancomycin of 0. 5 g was administered for 1 h followed
文摘The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of infusion container design on the volume of residual drug solution following use in a clinical setting. 0.9% （w/v） NaCl infusion solution containers （5 types, each of three capacities： 100 mL, 250 mL and 500 mL） following clinical use for in-patients at Peking University Third Hospital were collected during Sept. and Oct. 2007. The volume of residual drug solution was determined. Hospital pharmacy records were used to determine the potential economic implications of discarding residual drug solutions. The mean residual volumes ranged from 0.38 mL to 4.80 mL and, in general, residual volume increased with increasing container capacity. The residual volumes for one type of double-port soft bag were significantly lower than the residual volumes for all other containers of the same capacity （P〈0.05）, including glass and semi-rigid plastic bottles. Highest residual volumes were observed for the single-port soft bag. Estimates of the value of discarded residual drug solution ranged from approximately US $15,000 to US $150,000 per annum in our hospital. Infusion container design has a major influence on residual drug solution volumes following intravenous infusion. Appropriate choice of bag design remains an important consideration for the economics and efficacy of infusion treatment in Chinese hospitals.
文摘BACKGROUND Implanted intravenous infusion port(IVAP)is indicated for patients undergoing chemotherapy,total parenteral nutrition and long-term antibiotic treatment.Among their complications,the rupture and migration of the catheter of an IVAP via internal jugular vein represents a very rare but potentially severe condition.CASE SUMMARY A 43-year-old woman was identified with a spontaneous fracture and migration of catheter of an IVAP via right internal jugular vein after adjuvant chemotherapy for left breast cancer.A computed tomography showed the fractured catheter of the IVAP in the pulmonary artery.Therefore,we conducted an emergency procedure to remove the catheter fragment by a pigtail catheter combined with a gooseneck trap.CONCLUSION When the fractured catheter of an IVAP was detected,the special shape of the pigtail catheter in combination with the gooseneck trap successfully facilitated the removal of the dislodged catheter.
文摘<strong>Background:</strong> <span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Gemcitabine was established as a monotherapy or in combination for locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic carcinoma. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Aim:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the low-dose gemcitabine over 6-hour infusion in patients with advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">26 patients with locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic carcinoma were recruited into the study from December 2013 to October 2014. Patients received the treatment in Clinical Oncology Department, Sohag University, and Medical Oncology Department, Assiut University. Patients received low-dose gemcitabine (250 mg/m</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) over 6-hour infusion, weekly for seven weeks and then on days 1 and 8 every 3 weeks till unacceptable toxicity or progression of the disease. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Twenty-six patients were enrolled in this study. After starting 7 weeks of treatment, the disease control rate was 38.5% in the form of complete response in 3.8% of patients, partial response in 26.9%, and sta</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">tionary response in 7.7%. However, disease progression occurred in 61.5%. Progression-free survival</span></span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">s</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">were</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 65.38%, 23.07%, 7.69% and 3.84% after 3, 6,</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 9 and 12</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">months, respectively.</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Also, overall survival</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">s</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> at 3-month, 6-month, 9-month, and 12-month </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">were</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 61.53%, 42.30%, 23.07%, and 7.69%, respectively. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Prolonged infusion of low dose gemcitabine is a tolerable and a good option in locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic carcinoma. There may be a benefit of that protocol in patients with bad performance status. More clinical trials with a combination of other cytotoxic agents or target therapy </span></span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">are</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> needed to get better survival and lesser toxicity.</span></span></span>
文摘Objective: to explore the application effect of continuous nursing system in the nursing of discharged patients in intravenous infusion port. Methods: from February 2019 to January 2021, 82 patients with implantable intravenous infusion port were treated in our hospital. According to the parity of admission number, 41 odd cases entered the control group for routine discharge follow-up nursing;An even number of 41 patients entered the experimental group and adopted the continuous nursing system. The maintenance compliance, self-care ability and quality of life of infusion port were compared. Results: the excellent and good rate of maintenance compliance of infusion port in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group (97.56% vs 82.93%);After the intervention, the scores of ESCA and QOL in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group. The test results showed that there was significant difference (P < 0.05). Conclusion: the continuous nursing system for discharged patients in intravenous infusion port can not only improve the maintenance compliance of infusion port, but also improve their self-care ability and quality of life, so it is worth popularizing.
基金Supported in part by a grant from the Friedrich-Baur Stiftung,the Muenchener Medizinische Wochenschrift (MMW)the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG Scha 857/1-1DFG FOR 440-717)
文摘AIM:To investigate the effects of intravenous administration of the antioxidant glutathione (GSH) on reperfusion injury following liver transplantation. METHODS:Livers of male Lewis rats were transplanted after 24 h of hypothermic preservation in University of Wisconsin solution in a syngeneic setting.During a 2-h reperfusion period either saline (controls,n=8) or GSH (50 or 100 μmol/(h·kg),n=5 each) was continuously administered via the jugular vein. RESULTS:Two hours after starting reperfusion plasma ALT increased to 1 457±281 U/L (mean±SE) in controls but to only 908±187 U/L (P<0.05) in animals treated with 100 μmol GSH/(h·kg).No protection was conveyed by 50μmol GSH/(h·kg).Cytoprotection was confirmed by morphological findings on electron microscopy:GSH treatment prevented detachment of sinusoidal endothelial cells (SECs) as well as loss of microvilli and mitochondrial swelling of hepatocytes.Accordingly,postischemic bile flow increased 2-fold.Intravital fluorescence microscopy revealed a nearly complete restoration of sinusoidal blood flow and a significant reduction of leukocyte adherence to sinusoids and postsinusoidal venules.Following infusion of 50μmol and 100 μmol GSH/(h·kg),plasma GSH increased to 65±7 mol/L and 97±18 mol/L,but to only 20±3 mol/L in untreated recipients. Furthermore,plasma glutathione disulfide (GSSG) increased to 7.5±1.0 mol/L in animals treated with 100μmol/(h·kg) GSH but infusion of 50μmol GSH/(h·kg) did not raise levels of untreated controls (1.8±0.5 mol/L vs 2.2±0.2 mol/L). CONCLUSION:Plasma GSH levels above a critical level may act as a “sink” for ROS produced in the hepatic vasculature during reperfusion of liver grafts.Therefore,GSH can be considered a candidate antioxidant for the Drevention of reperfusion injury after liver transplantation,in particular since it has a low toxicity in humans.
文摘Objective： To study the cerebrospinal fluid pharmacokinetics of intravenously administered high dose-methotrexate （HD-MTX） and provide a solid fundament for clinical practice. Methods： MTX at a high dose ranging from 1.0 to 3.0 g per course was intravenously administered to 30 patients with malignant tumors. Blood and CSF samples were consecutively collected up to 36 h after the initiation of infusion （6 h）. MTX concentrations were measured by using a reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography （RP-HPLC） assay. Results： CSF MTX concentrations were （1.65±1.52）×10^-6, （4.3±3.34）× 10^-7, （1.46±1.10）×10^-7 and （3.19±4.38）×10^-8 mol/L, respectively, at 0, 6, 12 and 24 h post infusion, and became undetectable at 36 h post infusion. The concentration-time curve of CSF MTX closely resembled that of the plasma MTX and fitted with the following linear regression equation： Y=0.057 97＋0.010 82X （Y： CSF MTX concentration, X： Plasma MTX concentration, r=0.8357）. Conclusion： CSF MTX was metabolized in a linear two-compartment model. Additionally, pharmacokinetic analysis of MTX levels indicated a positive correlation between CSF MTX and plasma MTX levels.
