BACKGROUND Intrathyroidal thymic carcinoma(ITC)is a rare malignant epithelial tumour of thymic origin occurring within the thyroid.Histologically,it resembles thymic carcinoma,with squamous cell carcinoma being the mo...BACKGROUND Intrathyroidal thymic carcinoma(ITC)is a rare malignant epithelial tumour of thymic origin occurring within the thyroid.Histologically,it resembles thymic carcinoma,with squamous cell carcinoma being the most common subtype,and immunohistochemical staining typically exhibits features consistent with thymic neoplasms.CASE SUMMARY We report the case of a 68-year-old woman who presented with a left-sided neck mass of one year’s duration.And the neck lump had been gradually enlarging over the course of a year,reaching the size of a goose egg within six months.Thyroid ultrasound revealed a normally sized thyroid gland.A 3.9 cm×3.4 cm×2.7 cm hypoechoic lesion with irregular echogenicity was observed outside the capsule of the lower pole of the left lobe.The mass exhibited regular morphology,well-defined margins,and close adherence to the thyroid’s lower pole.Microscopic examination revealed two distinct tumour cell populations:Squamous cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma.Immunohisto-chemical staining demonstrated divergent differentiation-one population was positive for cluster of differentiation 5 and cluster of differentiation 117,supporting thymic origin,while the other exhibited neuroendocrine differentiation with synaptophysin and chromogranin A positivity.At eight months postoperatively,the patient remained recurrence-free on chemotherapy.CONCLUSION Based on these findings,the patient was diagnosed as ITC with both squamous cell and small cell carcinoma components.To date,nearly 100 cases of ITC have been reported in the literature.However,no prior reports of ITC exhibiting both squamous cell and small cell carcinoma components.This case report provides information on the microscopic morphological features of ITC with both squamous cell and small cell carcinoma components,which can help pathologists to expands the understanding of the pathological spectrum of the disease.展开更多
BACKGROUND Both squamous cell carcinoma(SCC)and papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC)are common malignant tumors in the neck.However,seldom has SCC of the thyroid been diagnosed.Further,cytological features of SCC and PTC ...BACKGROUND Both squamous cell carcinoma(SCC)and papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC)are common malignant tumors in the neck.However,seldom has SCC of the thyroid been diagnosed.Further,cytological features of SCC and PTC have rarely been reported.The significance of fine-needle aspiration cytology(FNAC)in the diagnosis of neck masses has been established.Herein,we present an exceedingly rare case of an intrathyroidal SCC diagnosed using FNAC,along with its cytological features.CASE SUMMARY A 66-year-old man presented with a left-sided neck mass.Ultrasound examination showed an ill-defined nodule.The appearance was hypoechoic with a few hyperechoic spots.FNAC of the left thyroid nodule was performed.A cellular smear was obtained,and it showed a large number of neoplastic cells with rich cytoplasm and poor cell adhesion.Tumor cell nuclei showed coarse nuclear chromatin and a few enlarged prominent nucleoli.An increased nuclear/cytoplasm ratio was observed.Thus,malignancy was diagnosed without a confirmed tumor type.Percutaneous tumor biopsy was performed to make a definite diagnosis.The tumor cells showed typical squamous cell characteristics.CONCLUSION Head and neck SCC and PTC have different cytologies.Measures are needed to ensure accurate diagnosis using FNAC.展开更多
Intrathyroidal ectopic thymus(IET)is defined as an ectopic thymus tissue that is generally found incidentally and rarely in the thyroid gland in the pediatric group.It occurs as a result of disruption of the embryolog...Intrathyroidal ectopic thymus(IET)is defined as an ectopic thymus tissue that is generally found incidentally and rarely in the thyroid gland in the pediatric group.It occurs as a result of disruption of the embryological migration path and the settling of the thymus tissue into the thyroid gland.In the differential diagnosis,it is mostly confused with thyroid nodules.Although thyroid nodules are less common in children than adults,the rate of malignancy is much higher.Therefore,knowing the general ultrasound findings of IET better may prevent unnecessary invasive attempts and surgical procedures.In this article,we tried to compile the key imaging findings of IET.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Intrathyroidal thymic carcinoma(ITC)is a rare malignant epithelial tumour of thymic origin occurring within the thyroid.Histologically,it resembles thymic carcinoma,with squamous cell carcinoma being the most common subtype,and immunohistochemical staining typically exhibits features consistent with thymic neoplasms.CASE SUMMARY We report the case of a 68-year-old woman who presented with a left-sided neck mass of one year’s duration.And the neck lump had been gradually enlarging over the course of a year,reaching the size of a goose egg within six months.Thyroid ultrasound revealed a normally sized thyroid gland.A 3.9 cm×3.4 cm×2.7 cm hypoechoic lesion with irregular echogenicity was observed outside the capsule of the lower pole of the left lobe.The mass exhibited regular morphology,well-defined margins,and close adherence to the thyroid’s lower pole.Microscopic examination revealed two distinct tumour cell populations:Squamous cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma.Immunohisto-chemical staining demonstrated divergent differentiation-one population was positive for cluster of differentiation 5 and cluster of differentiation 117,supporting thymic origin,while the other exhibited neuroendocrine differentiation with synaptophysin and chromogranin A positivity.At eight months postoperatively,the patient remained recurrence-free on chemotherapy.CONCLUSION Based on these findings,the patient was diagnosed as ITC with both squamous cell and small cell carcinoma components.To date,nearly 100 cases of ITC have been reported in the literature.However,no prior reports of ITC exhibiting both squamous cell and small cell carcinoma components.This case report provides information on the microscopic morphological features of ITC with both squamous cell and small cell carcinoma components,which can help pathologists to expands the understanding of the pathological spectrum of the disease.
基金by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81601692Program of Liaoning Province Department of Education,JCZR2020013 and 345 Talent Program of Shengjing Hospital.
文摘BACKGROUND Both squamous cell carcinoma(SCC)and papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC)are common malignant tumors in the neck.However,seldom has SCC of the thyroid been diagnosed.Further,cytological features of SCC and PTC have rarely been reported.The significance of fine-needle aspiration cytology(FNAC)in the diagnosis of neck masses has been established.Herein,we present an exceedingly rare case of an intrathyroidal SCC diagnosed using FNAC,along with its cytological features.CASE SUMMARY A 66-year-old man presented with a left-sided neck mass.Ultrasound examination showed an ill-defined nodule.The appearance was hypoechoic with a few hyperechoic spots.FNAC of the left thyroid nodule was performed.A cellular smear was obtained,and it showed a large number of neoplastic cells with rich cytoplasm and poor cell adhesion.Tumor cell nuclei showed coarse nuclear chromatin and a few enlarged prominent nucleoli.An increased nuclear/cytoplasm ratio was observed.Thus,malignancy was diagnosed without a confirmed tumor type.Percutaneous tumor biopsy was performed to make a definite diagnosis.The tumor cells showed typical squamous cell characteristics.CONCLUSION Head and neck SCC and PTC have different cytologies.Measures are needed to ensure accurate diagnosis using FNAC.
文摘Intrathyroidal ectopic thymus(IET)is defined as an ectopic thymus tissue that is generally found incidentally and rarely in the thyroid gland in the pediatric group.It occurs as a result of disruption of the embryological migration path and the settling of the thymus tissue into the thyroid gland.In the differential diagnosis,it is mostly confused with thyroid nodules.Although thyroid nodules are less common in children than adults,the rate of malignancy is much higher.Therefore,knowing the general ultrasound findings of IET better may prevent unnecessary invasive attempts and surgical procedures.In this article,we tried to compile the key imaging findings of IET.
