Objective:To investigate the sterilizing potential of zinc gluconate,calcium chloride(CaCl_(2))and cadmium chloride(CdCl_(2))following a single intratesticular administration in adult male rats.Methods:60 adult male W...Objective:To investigate the sterilizing potential of zinc gluconate,calcium chloride(CaCl_(2))and cadmium chloride(CdCl_(2))following a single intratesticular administration in adult male rats.Methods:60 adult male Wistar albino rats(Rattus norvegicus)weighing 160-200 g and aged 5-6 months randomly received a single intratesticular injection of normal saline(Group A),zinc gluconate 13.3 mg/mL plus L-Arginine(Group B),20%CaCl_(2)(Group C),and CdCl_(2)0.5 mg/kg body weight plus ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid(EDTA)(Group D),respectively,along the entire route from the caudoventral aspect of each testis.They were euthanized up to 180 days to evaluate reproductive tract toxicology.Results:The reproductive organ weights were markedly reduced,with testes severely atrophied in group B,pea-sized and stony hard in group C,and moderately reduced in group D.Azoospermia was evident in groups B and C,while sperm concentration was reduced to<1 million/mL with zero sperm motility in group D.Rats of groups B and C failed to show mounting and copulatory behaviour.A completely disorganized mesh of cellular elements was observed in the seminiferous tubules of group B,while pyknotic germ cell and arrest of spermatogenesis,exfoliated germ cells,occasional syncytial bodies and smaller Leydig cells were evident in groups C and D.Significantly reduced testosterone levels,increased luteinizing hormone(LH)and follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)levels,returned to normal after 90 days in group D.Conclusions:Zinc gluconate and CaCl_(2)injections severely affected the reproductive organs and libido and rats treated with CdCl_(2)exhibited diminished spermatogenesis with normal libido.Thus,the need-based selection of intratesticular agents should consider their distinct effects on spermatogenesis,libido,and hormonal balance for achieving targeted sterilization outcomes.展开更多
The efficacy of intraperitoneal GY Y4137 therapy and intratesticular GY Y4137 therapy in an experimental rat model was investigated.Four groups were set up as the sham-operation group,torsion/detorsion(T/D)group,T/D p...The efficacy of intraperitoneal GY Y4137 therapy and intratesticular GY Y4137 therapy in an experimental rat model was investigated.Four groups were set up as the sham-operation group,torsion/detorsion(T/D)group,T/D plus intraperitoneal GY Y4137(G-IP)group,and T/D plus intratesticular GY Y4137(G-IT)group.In order to establish a testicular T/D model,the left testis was opcrated and the rotation reached 720°clockwise which lasted 1 h before reperfiusion.The G-IP group accepted 100 umol/kg of GY Y4137 intraperitoneally 30 min after testicular rotation,while the G-IT group was treated with the same dose by intratesticular injection.Six h after detorsion,the testis was collcted and subsequently asssed.The T/D group showed signifcant changes in histology and an enhancement in the level of oxidative stress and apoptosis compared to the sham-operation group.The expression of Caspase-3 and Bax turmed out to be strengthened by T/D and relatively decreased with GY Y4137 treatment in both the G-IP and G-IT groups.Moreover,the Bcl-2 expression was inhibited in the T/D group,and promoted by GYY4137 in the G-IP and G-IT groups.GYY4137,moderating these observed changes,displayed a more protective cffect with G-IT therapy than G-IP therapy.This study indicated that the efficacy of intratesticular therapy with GYY4137 is better than that of intraperitoneal therapy,which may provide a more valuable approach for testicular torsion therapy.展开更多
Objective:Cisplatin(CIS),as a common chemotherapy drug,induces detrimental effects on the testis.Besides,exosomes represent various beneficial effects,such as anti-inflammation and proliferation.In this experimental s...Objective:Cisplatin(CIS),as a common chemotherapy drug,induces detrimental effects on the testis.Besides,exosomes represent various beneficial effects,such as anti-inflammation and proliferation.In this experimental study,the authors aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of circulating blood serum-derived exosomes on orchitis caused by CIS exposure.Methods:Male mice(n=18)were categorized into three main groups:control(no treatment),CIS(mice with orchitis caused by CIS injection),and CIS+exosome(orchitis-induced animals followed by exosome treatment).Exosomes were extracted from circulating blood,and orchitis was induced by intraperitoneal injection of CIS(7.5 mg/kg/day)for five consequence days.A day after the last dose of CIS,the exosome(10 IU/20 g mice)was injected intratesticularly.After a week,the samples,including blood serum and testis,were gathered.The levels of oxidative stress were assessed using malondialdehyde(MDA)and nitric oxide(NO)assays.Sperm parameters(morphology,viability,motility,and count),testosterone levels,and inflammatory(tumor necrosis factor-α[TNF-α],interleukin(IL)-6,and IL-10)gene expression were also evaluated.Histopathological and testicular apoptotic index(AI)were evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin(H&E)and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling(TUNEL)stainings,respectively.Finally,data analysis was applied by SPSS(v.19)software,andP<0.05 was considered as a significant level.Results:Following CIS administration,the sperm indices and testosterone levels were decreased(P<0.05);besides,NO,MDA,AI,and inflammatory gene expression were increased(P<0.05)in the CIS group compared to control animals.Following the prescription of exosomes in CIS animals,the sperm indices and testosterone levels were increased(P<0.05),and NO,MDA,AI,and inflammatory genes were decreased(P<0.05).Histopathological assessments also revealed disruption of seminiferous tubules and free from sperms following CIS administration.Also,the histological structure of damaged seminiferous tubules was changed to normal status following Exoxome prescription in CIS-exposure animals.Conclusion:Immediate intratesticular injection of blood-derived exosomes can alleviate orchitis CIS-exposed animals through anti-inflammatory features.展开更多
基金financially assisted to Timanshi Chansoriya of the fellowship grant of UGC-NFPwD,New Delhi sanctioned vide UGC F.No.01-01/2019-Sch dated 06.11.2020(Serial No.352 ID:NFPWD-2018-20-UTP-6522).
文摘Objective:To investigate the sterilizing potential of zinc gluconate,calcium chloride(CaCl_(2))and cadmium chloride(CdCl_(2))following a single intratesticular administration in adult male rats.Methods:60 adult male Wistar albino rats(Rattus norvegicus)weighing 160-200 g and aged 5-6 months randomly received a single intratesticular injection of normal saline(Group A),zinc gluconate 13.3 mg/mL plus L-Arginine(Group B),20%CaCl_(2)(Group C),and CdCl_(2)0.5 mg/kg body weight plus ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid(EDTA)(Group D),respectively,along the entire route from the caudoventral aspect of each testis.They were euthanized up to 180 days to evaluate reproductive tract toxicology.Results:The reproductive organ weights were markedly reduced,with testes severely atrophied in group B,pea-sized and stony hard in group C,and moderately reduced in group D.Azoospermia was evident in groups B and C,while sperm concentration was reduced to<1 million/mL with zero sperm motility in group D.Rats of groups B and C failed to show mounting and copulatory behaviour.A completely disorganized mesh of cellular elements was observed in the seminiferous tubules of group B,while pyknotic germ cell and arrest of spermatogenesis,exfoliated germ cells,occasional syncytial bodies and smaller Leydig cells were evident in groups C and D.Significantly reduced testosterone levels,increased luteinizing hormone(LH)and follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)levels,returned to normal after 90 days in group D.Conclusions:Zinc gluconate and CaCl_(2)injections severely affected the reproductive organs and libido and rats treated with CdCl_(2)exhibited diminished spermatogenesis with normal libido.Thus,the need-based selection of intratesticular agents should consider their distinct effects on spermatogenesis,libido,and hormonal balance for achieving targeted sterilization outcomes.
文摘The efficacy of intraperitoneal GY Y4137 therapy and intratesticular GY Y4137 therapy in an experimental rat model was investigated.Four groups were set up as the sham-operation group,torsion/detorsion(T/D)group,T/D plus intraperitoneal GY Y4137(G-IP)group,and T/D plus intratesticular GY Y4137(G-IT)group.In order to establish a testicular T/D model,the left testis was opcrated and the rotation reached 720°clockwise which lasted 1 h before reperfiusion.The G-IP group accepted 100 umol/kg of GY Y4137 intraperitoneally 30 min after testicular rotation,while the G-IT group was treated with the same dose by intratesticular injection.Six h after detorsion,the testis was collcted and subsequently asssed.The T/D group showed signifcant changes in histology and an enhancement in the level of oxidative stress and apoptosis compared to the sham-operation group.The expression of Caspase-3 and Bax turmed out to be strengthened by T/D and relatively decreased with GY Y4137 treatment in both the G-IP and G-IT groups.Moreover,the Bcl-2 expression was inhibited in the T/D group,and promoted by GYY4137 in the G-IP and G-IT groups.GYY4137,moderating these observed changes,displayed a more protective cffect with G-IT therapy than G-IP therapy.This study indicated that the efficacy of intratesticular therapy with GYY4137 is better than that of intraperitoneal therapy,which may provide a more valuable approach for testicular torsion therapy.
文摘Objective:Cisplatin(CIS),as a common chemotherapy drug,induces detrimental effects on the testis.Besides,exosomes represent various beneficial effects,such as anti-inflammation and proliferation.In this experimental study,the authors aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of circulating blood serum-derived exosomes on orchitis caused by CIS exposure.Methods:Male mice(n=18)were categorized into three main groups:control(no treatment),CIS(mice with orchitis caused by CIS injection),and CIS+exosome(orchitis-induced animals followed by exosome treatment).Exosomes were extracted from circulating blood,and orchitis was induced by intraperitoneal injection of CIS(7.5 mg/kg/day)for five consequence days.A day after the last dose of CIS,the exosome(10 IU/20 g mice)was injected intratesticularly.After a week,the samples,including blood serum and testis,were gathered.The levels of oxidative stress were assessed using malondialdehyde(MDA)and nitric oxide(NO)assays.Sperm parameters(morphology,viability,motility,and count),testosterone levels,and inflammatory(tumor necrosis factor-α[TNF-α],interleukin(IL)-6,and IL-10)gene expression were also evaluated.Histopathological and testicular apoptotic index(AI)were evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin(H&E)and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling(TUNEL)stainings,respectively.Finally,data analysis was applied by SPSS(v.19)software,andP<0.05 was considered as a significant level.Results:Following CIS administration,the sperm indices and testosterone levels were decreased(P<0.05);besides,NO,MDA,AI,and inflammatory gene expression were increased(P<0.05)in the CIS group compared to control animals.Following the prescription of exosomes in CIS animals,the sperm indices and testosterone levels were increased(P<0.05),and NO,MDA,AI,and inflammatory genes were decreased(P<0.05).Histopathological assessments also revealed disruption of seminiferous tubules and free from sperms following CIS administration.Also,the histological structure of damaged seminiferous tubules was changed to normal status following Exoxome prescription in CIS-exposure animals.Conclusion:Immediate intratesticular injection of blood-derived exosomes can alleviate orchitis CIS-exposed animals through anti-inflammatory features.
