Drugs that lack the ability to cross the blood- brain barrier （BBB） need to be placed directly into the central nervous system. Our laboratory studies the involve- ment of the glutamatergic system in the aggressiven...Drugs that lack the ability to cross the blood- brain barrier （BBB） need to be placed directly into the central nervous system. Our laboratory studies the involve- ment of the glutamatergic system in the aggressiveness of glioma, and some ligands of glutamate receptors cannot permeate the BBB. Here, glioma-implanted rats were treated by a technique that delivers ligands directly into the cerebrospinal fluid by puncture into the cisterna cerebel- lomedullaris. Rats were anesthetized and fixed in a rodent stereotactic device. The head was gently tilted downwards at an angle that allowed exposure of the cisterna. Injection into the cisterna was done freehand using a gingival needle coupled to a microsyringe. The efficiency of intracisternal injection was demonstrated using a methylene blue solu- tion. This type of injection is adaptable for any rodent model using small volumes of a variety of other drugs, and is an interesting method for neuroscience studies.展开更多
Background: The goal of this paper is to summarize the pupillary changes after papaverine application in intracranial aneurysms surgeries. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of six intracranial ane...Background: The goal of this paper is to summarize the pupillary changes after papaverine application in intracranial aneurysms surgeries. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of six intracranial aneurysm patients who were treated with papaverine application during surgery. Results: Two cases of ipsilateral papillary dilation, two cases of contralateral pupillary dilation, one case of bilateral pupillary dilation, and one case of asymmetric pupils were observed after craniotomy. All of these pupillary changes resolved in one-half to three hours without neurological deficits. Conclusions: Pupillary changes after the use of papaverine in intracranial aneurysm surgeries may be an instantaneous reaction to papaverine. Most cases can return to normal after close observation.展开更多
基金supported by Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior(CAPES)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico(CNPq)-Edital Doencas Neurodegenerativas+1 种基金Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul(FAPERGS)Financiadora de Estados e Projetos(FINEP)
文摘Drugs that lack the ability to cross the blood- brain barrier （BBB） need to be placed directly into the central nervous system. Our laboratory studies the involve- ment of the glutamatergic system in the aggressiveness of glioma, and some ligands of glutamate receptors cannot permeate the BBB. Here, glioma-implanted rats were treated by a technique that delivers ligands directly into the cerebrospinal fluid by puncture into the cisterna cerebel- lomedullaris. Rats were anesthetized and fixed in a rodent stereotactic device. The head was gently tilted downwards at an angle that allowed exposure of the cisterna. Injection into the cisterna was done freehand using a gingival needle coupled to a microsyringe. The efficiency of intracisternal injection was demonstrated using a methylene blue solu- tion. This type of injection is adaptable for any rodent model using small volumes of a variety of other drugs, and is an interesting method for neuroscience studies.
文摘Background: The goal of this paper is to summarize the pupillary changes after papaverine application in intracranial aneurysms surgeries. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of six intracranial aneurysm patients who were treated with papaverine application during surgery. Results: Two cases of ipsilateral papillary dilation, two cases of contralateral pupillary dilation, one case of bilateral pupillary dilation, and one case of asymmetric pupils were observed after craniotomy. All of these pupillary changes resolved in one-half to three hours without neurological deficits. Conclusions: Pupillary changes after the use of papaverine in intracranial aneurysm surgeries may be an instantaneous reaction to papaverine. Most cases can return to normal after close observation.
