BACKGROUND Congenital intestinal atresia(CIA)is a common intestinal malformation in the neonatal period,and surgery is currently the main treatment method.The choice of postoperative feeding is crucial for the recover...BACKGROUND Congenital intestinal atresia(CIA)is a common intestinal malformation in the neonatal period,and surgery is currently the main treatment method.The choice of postoperative feeding is crucial for the recovery of gastrointestinal function in children.AIM To compare and analyze the effects of different postoperative feeding methods on gastrointestinal function reconstruction in newborns with CIA.METHODS Twenty-six children diagnosed with neonatal CIA,treated with minimally invasive surgery at Shijiazhuang Maternal and Child Health Hospital between January 2021 and May 2024,were selected for this single-center prospective randomized controlled study.They were divided into two groups using envelope randomization:Enteral nutrition(EN)group(n=13)and parenteral nutrition(PN)group(n=13).Baseline and clinical characteristics were collected,and recovery time of bowel sounds and time to first defecation were used as evaluation indices for gastrointestinal functional reconstruction.Differences between the groups were analyzed using t-test,χ2 test,and Fisher’s exact test.Spearman’s correlation tests and linear regression models were employed to analyze factors influencing time to first defecation.RESULTS The time to bowel sound recovery(51.54 vs 65.85,P=0.013)and first defecation(58.15 vs 76.62,P<0.001)was shorter in the EN group compared to the PN group.Clinical improvements in the EN group,including discharge weight(P=0.044),hospital stay(P=0.027),white blood cell count(P=0.023),albumin content(P=0.013),and direct bilirubin content(P=0.018),were also better than those in the PN group.No substantial differences in postoperative complications were found between the groups.Correlation analysis indicated that abdominal infection and operation time may relate to time to first defecation.Linear regression analysis demonstrated a considerable association between EN feeding and shorter time to first defecation.Abdominal infection and an operation time>2 hours may be risk factors for prolonged time to first defecation.CONCLUSION EN substantially promotes the recovery of gastrointestinal function after CIA in neonates and can improve clinical outcomes in children.Future research should explore optimal EN practices to enhance clinical application and child health.展开更多
BACKGROUND Air embolism(AE)is a rare but potentially fatal complication of intestinal endoscopy(IE).CASE SUMMARY Herein,we report the case of an 18-year-old woman who underwent a successful Kasai portoenterostomy(KPE)...BACKGROUND Air embolism(AE)is a rare but potentially fatal complication of intestinal endoscopy(IE).CASE SUMMARY Herein,we report the case of an 18-year-old woman who underwent a successful Kasai portoenterostomy(KPE)for biliary atresia but died of AE during intraoperative IE for stone removal at the portoenterostomy site.Our review of the English literature identified only four similar cases of fatal AE during IE in patients undergoing KPE.The common clinical setting in the five patients,including our case,was high-pressure air insufflation into the blind closed afferent loop of the KPE to secure visibility.We hypothesize that the highly pressurized air injected into the closed loop entered the bile canaliculi—previously opened by KPE for bile drainage—passed through the tiny,microscopic pores of the fenestrated liver sinusoid endothelial cells,and finally entered the bloodstream with ease,resulting in fatal AE.CONCLUSION Meticulous performance of IE,especially on the KPE blind loop,is warranted owing to the risk of AE.展开更多
Depression is a recurrent,common,and potentially life-threatening psychiatric disease.Intestinal flora is a large number of microbial communities that are parasitic in the human digestive tract.Current evidence sugges...Depression is a recurrent,common,and potentially life-threatening psychiatric disease.Intestinal flora is a large number of microbial communities that are parasitic in the human digestive tract.Current evidence suggests that the occurrence of depression may be related to intestinal flora.Long time ago,Bai He Di Huang decoction was used to treat the depression.Recently,researchers found that Bai He Di Huang decoction could affect the the intestinal flora of patients with depression.This review focuses on the clinical progress of Bai He Di Huang decoction in the treatment of depression,and explores the effect and mechanism of Bai He Di Huang decoction on the intestinal flora of depressive mouse.展开更多
BACKGROUND Esophageal replacement(ER)with gastric pull-up(GPU)or jejunal interposition(JI)used to be the standard treatment for long-gap esophageal atresia(LGEA).Changes of the ER grafts on a macro-and microscopic lev...BACKGROUND Esophageal replacement(ER)with gastric pull-up(GPU)or jejunal interposition(JI)used to be the standard treatment for long-gap esophageal atresia(LGEA).Changes of the ER grafts on a macro-and microscopic level however,are unknown.AIM To evaluate long-term clinical symptoms and anatomical and mucosal changes in adolescents and adults after ER for LGEA.METHODS A cohort study was conducted including all LGEA patients≥16 years who had undergone GPU or JI between 1985-2003 at two tertiary referral centers in the Netherlands.Patients underwent clinical assessment,contrast study and endoscopy with biopsy.Data was collected prospectively.Group differences between JI and GPU patients,and associations between different outcome measures were assessed using the Fisher’s exact test for bivariate variables and the Mann-Whitney U-test for continuous variables.Differences with a P-value<0.05 were considered statistically significant.RESULTS Nine GPU patients and eleven JI patients were included.Median age at follow-up was 21.5 years and 24.4 years,respectively.Reflux was reported in six GPU patients(67%)vs four JI patients(36%)(P=0.37).Dysphagia symptoms were reported in 64%of JI patients,compared to 22%of GPU patients(P=0.09).Contrast studies showed dilatation of the jejunal graft in six patients(55%)and graft lengthening in four of these six patients.Endoscopy revealed columnar-lined esophagus in three GPU patients(33%)and intestinal metaplasia was histologically confirmed in two patients(22%).No association was found between reflux symptoms and macroscopic anomalies or intestinal metaplasia.Three GPU patients(33%)experienced severe feeding problems vs none in the JI group.The median body mass index of JI patients was 20.9 kg/m^(2) vs 19.5 kg/m^(2) in GPU patients(P=0.08).CONCLUSION The majority of GPU patients had reflux and intestinal metaplasia in 22%.The majority of JI patients had dysphagia and a dilated graft.Follow-up after ER for LGEA is essential.展开更多
AIM: To present a retrospective analysis of clinical and endoscopic features of 4 cases of immunocompetent hosts with intestinal histoplasmosis(IH).METHODS: Four immunocompetent adults were diagnosed with IH between O...AIM: To present a retrospective analysis of clinical and endoscopic features of 4 cases of immunocompetent hosts with intestinal histoplasmosis(IH).METHODS: Four immunocompetent adults were diagnosed with IH between October 2005 and March 2015 at West China Hospital of Sichuan University. Clinical and endoscopic characteristics were summarized and analyzed retrospectively. GMS(Gomori methenamine silver), PAS(periodic acid-Schiff) and Giemsa staining technique were used to confirm Histoplasma capsulatum(H. capsulatum). The symptoms, signs, endoscopic presentations, radiographic imaging, pathological stain results and follow-up are presented as tables and illustrations.RESULTS: The cases were male patients, ranging from 33 to 61 years old, and primarily presented with nonspecific symptoms such as irregular fever, weight loss, abdominal pain and distention. Hepatosplenomegaly and lymphadenopathy were the most common signs. Endoscopic manifestations were localized or diffuse congestion, edema, ulcers, and polypoid nodules with central erosion involving the terminal ileum, ascendingcolon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon and rectum, similar to intestinal tuberculosis, tumor, and inflammatory bowel disease. Numerous yeast-like pathogens testing positive for PAS and GMS stains but negative for Giemsa were detected in the cytoplasm of the histiocytes, which were highly suggestive of H. capsulatum.CONCLUSION: Immunocompetent individuals suffering from histoplasmosis are rarely reported. It is necessary that gastroenterologists and endoscopists consider histoplasmosis as a differential diagnosis, even in immunocompetent patients.展开更多
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), including Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis, not only affect the intestinal tract but also have an extraintestinal involvement within the oral cavity. These or...Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), including Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis, not only affect the intestinal tract but also have an extraintestinal involvement within the oral cavity. These oral manifestations may assist in the diagnosis and the monitoring of disease activity, whilst ignoring them may lead to an inaccurate diagnosis and useless and expensive workups. Indurated tag-like lesions, cobblestoning, and mucogingivitis are the most common specific oral findings encountered in CD cases. Aphthous stomatitis and pyostomatitis vegetans are among non-specific oral manifestations of IBD. In differential diagnosis, side effects of drugs, infections, nutritional deficiencies, and other inflammatory conditions should also be considered. Treatment usually involves managing the underlying intestinal disease. In severe cases with local symptoms, topical and/or systemic steroids and immunosuppressive drugs might be used.展开更多
目的观察先天性空肠闭锁Ⅰ型隔膜组织黏膜层内的潘氏细胞分布及黏膜层炎症反应。方法选用5例先天性空肠闭锁Ⅰ型患儿的隔膜组织,隔膜位置距离Treitz韧带<15 cm,术中行肠切除和肠吻合过程中钳取收集隔膜临近的正常肠壁作为对照。2组...目的观察先天性空肠闭锁Ⅰ型隔膜组织黏膜层内的潘氏细胞分布及黏膜层炎症反应。方法选用5例先天性空肠闭锁Ⅰ型患儿的隔膜组织,隔膜位置距离Treitz韧带<15 cm,术中行肠切除和肠吻合过程中钳取收集隔膜临近的正常肠壁作为对照。2组标本分别行免疫组化染色,并进行半定量比较溶菌酶蛋白、白细胞介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)的表达。采用Image pro plus 6.0软件分析免疫组化平均光密度。统计学方法采用独立样本t检验。结果隔膜组织黏膜绒毛结构少而紊乱,未见典型黏膜上皮隐窝,隔膜组织肠腺基底部未见发育形态完整的潘氏细胞,隔膜组织潘氏细胞的溶菌酶蛋白表达(0.110±0.015)较正常空肠标本(0.350±0.030)明显减少,差异有统计学意义(t=52.760,P=0.001)。隔膜组织黏膜层IL-6和TNF-α表达(分别为0.058±0.010、0.076±0.009)较正常空肠标本(分别为0.036±0.007、0.022±0.004)明显增多,差异均有统计学意义(t=52.760,P=0.012;t=86.520,P=0.001)。结论与正常肠壁相比,先天性空肠闭锁I型隔膜组织发育具有不完善性,由潘氏细胞介导的黏膜防御功能和屏障功能降低,黏膜炎症反应增强。胚胎期肠道干细胞向潘氏细胞分化异常可能参与了隔膜组织的形成。展开更多
Objective To analyze the 40 years' experience of intestinal atresia and to introduce a new design of longoblique anastomosis for disproportional loop s of the intestine Methods A total of 449 cases of congenital...Objective To analyze the 40 years' experience of intestinal atresia and to introduce a new design of longoblique anastomosis for disproportional loop s of the intestine Methods A total of 449 cases of congenital atresia of the small intesti ne were classified into three groups according to the embryopathology: high grou p (145 cases), including duodenal and high jejunal atresia; middle group (288), including ileojejunal atresia; and low group (16), including terminal ileal at resia To analyze the survival rate and mode of treatment, we assigned the cases into 3 gr oups according to the year of admission: 1) 1956-1969 (173 cases), under the gen eral pediatric surgical care; 2) 1970-1985 (147), under the specialty neonatal s urgical care; and 3) 1986-1996 (129), with additional use of total parenteral nu trition Results The ileojejunal atresia group (middle group) had the highest m ortality rate (476%) The overall mortality rate decreased as the time went b y, dropping from 647% in the early years down to 186% in the recent years, a nd no hospital death occurred in the recent couple of years Conclusion Besides the improvement of neonatal surgical techniques, sel ecting a proper surgical procedure according to the embryopathology is essential to the r eduction of mortality The longoblique anastomosis is particularly acceptable in China at present for marked disproportional loops展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Congenital intestinal atresia(CIA)is a common intestinal malformation in the neonatal period,and surgery is currently the main treatment method.The choice of postoperative feeding is crucial for the recovery of gastrointestinal function in children.AIM To compare and analyze the effects of different postoperative feeding methods on gastrointestinal function reconstruction in newborns with CIA.METHODS Twenty-six children diagnosed with neonatal CIA,treated with minimally invasive surgery at Shijiazhuang Maternal and Child Health Hospital between January 2021 and May 2024,were selected for this single-center prospective randomized controlled study.They were divided into two groups using envelope randomization:Enteral nutrition(EN)group(n=13)and parenteral nutrition(PN)group(n=13).Baseline and clinical characteristics were collected,and recovery time of bowel sounds and time to first defecation were used as evaluation indices for gastrointestinal functional reconstruction.Differences between the groups were analyzed using t-test,χ2 test,and Fisher’s exact test.Spearman’s correlation tests and linear regression models were employed to analyze factors influencing time to first defecation.RESULTS The time to bowel sound recovery(51.54 vs 65.85,P=0.013)and first defecation(58.15 vs 76.62,P<0.001)was shorter in the EN group compared to the PN group.Clinical improvements in the EN group,including discharge weight(P=0.044),hospital stay(P=0.027),white blood cell count(P=0.023),albumin content(P=0.013),and direct bilirubin content(P=0.018),were also better than those in the PN group.No substantial differences in postoperative complications were found between the groups.Correlation analysis indicated that abdominal infection and operation time may relate to time to first defecation.Linear regression analysis demonstrated a considerable association between EN feeding and shorter time to first defecation.Abdominal infection and an operation time>2 hours may be risk factors for prolonged time to first defecation.CONCLUSION EN substantially promotes the recovery of gastrointestinal function after CIA in neonates and can improve clinical outcomes in children.Future research should explore optimal EN practices to enhance clinical application and child health.
文摘BACKGROUND Air embolism(AE)is a rare but potentially fatal complication of intestinal endoscopy(IE).CASE SUMMARY Herein,we report the case of an 18-year-old woman who underwent a successful Kasai portoenterostomy(KPE)for biliary atresia but died of AE during intraoperative IE for stone removal at the portoenterostomy site.Our review of the English literature identified only four similar cases of fatal AE during IE in patients undergoing KPE.The common clinical setting in the five patients,including our case,was high-pressure air insufflation into the blind closed afferent loop of the KPE to secure visibility.We hypothesize that the highly pressurized air injected into the closed loop entered the bile canaliculi—previously opened by KPE for bile drainage—passed through the tiny,microscopic pores of the fenestrated liver sinusoid endothelial cells,and finally entered the bloodstream with ease,resulting in fatal AE.CONCLUSION Meticulous performance of IE,especially on the KPE blind loop,is warranted owing to the risk of AE.
文摘Depression is a recurrent,common,and potentially life-threatening psychiatric disease.Intestinal flora is a large number of microbial communities that are parasitic in the human digestive tract.Current evidence suggests that the occurrence of depression may be related to intestinal flora.Long time ago,Bai He Di Huang decoction was used to treat the depression.Recently,researchers found that Bai He Di Huang decoction could affect the the intestinal flora of patients with depression.This review focuses on the clinical progress of Bai He Di Huang decoction in the treatment of depression,and explores the effect and mechanism of Bai He Di Huang decoction on the intestinal flora of depressive mouse.
文摘BACKGROUND Esophageal replacement(ER)with gastric pull-up(GPU)or jejunal interposition(JI)used to be the standard treatment for long-gap esophageal atresia(LGEA).Changes of the ER grafts on a macro-and microscopic level however,are unknown.AIM To evaluate long-term clinical symptoms and anatomical and mucosal changes in adolescents and adults after ER for LGEA.METHODS A cohort study was conducted including all LGEA patients≥16 years who had undergone GPU or JI between 1985-2003 at two tertiary referral centers in the Netherlands.Patients underwent clinical assessment,contrast study and endoscopy with biopsy.Data was collected prospectively.Group differences between JI and GPU patients,and associations between different outcome measures were assessed using the Fisher’s exact test for bivariate variables and the Mann-Whitney U-test for continuous variables.Differences with a P-value<0.05 were considered statistically significant.RESULTS Nine GPU patients and eleven JI patients were included.Median age at follow-up was 21.5 years and 24.4 years,respectively.Reflux was reported in six GPU patients(67%)vs four JI patients(36%)(P=0.37).Dysphagia symptoms were reported in 64%of JI patients,compared to 22%of GPU patients(P=0.09).Contrast studies showed dilatation of the jejunal graft in six patients(55%)and graft lengthening in four of these six patients.Endoscopy revealed columnar-lined esophagus in three GPU patients(33%)and intestinal metaplasia was histologically confirmed in two patients(22%).No association was found between reflux symptoms and macroscopic anomalies or intestinal metaplasia.Three GPU patients(33%)experienced severe feeding problems vs none in the JI group.The median body mass index of JI patients was 20.9 kg/m^(2) vs 19.5 kg/m^(2) in GPU patients(P=0.08).CONCLUSION The majority of GPU patients had reflux and intestinal metaplasia in 22%.The majority of JI patients had dysphagia and a dilated graft.Follow-up after ER for LGEA is essential.
文摘AIM: To present a retrospective analysis of clinical and endoscopic features of 4 cases of immunocompetent hosts with intestinal histoplasmosis(IH).METHODS: Four immunocompetent adults were diagnosed with IH between October 2005 and March 2015 at West China Hospital of Sichuan University. Clinical and endoscopic characteristics were summarized and analyzed retrospectively. GMS(Gomori methenamine silver), PAS(periodic acid-Schiff) and Giemsa staining technique were used to confirm Histoplasma capsulatum(H. capsulatum). The symptoms, signs, endoscopic presentations, radiographic imaging, pathological stain results and follow-up are presented as tables and illustrations.RESULTS: The cases were male patients, ranging from 33 to 61 years old, and primarily presented with nonspecific symptoms such as irregular fever, weight loss, abdominal pain and distention. Hepatosplenomegaly and lymphadenopathy were the most common signs. Endoscopic manifestations were localized or diffuse congestion, edema, ulcers, and polypoid nodules with central erosion involving the terminal ileum, ascendingcolon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon and rectum, similar to intestinal tuberculosis, tumor, and inflammatory bowel disease. Numerous yeast-like pathogens testing positive for PAS and GMS stains but negative for Giemsa were detected in the cytoplasm of the histiocytes, which were highly suggestive of H. capsulatum.CONCLUSION: Immunocompetent individuals suffering from histoplasmosis are rarely reported. It is necessary that gastroenterologists and endoscopists consider histoplasmosis as a differential diagnosis, even in immunocompetent patients.
文摘Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), including Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis, not only affect the intestinal tract but also have an extraintestinal involvement within the oral cavity. These oral manifestations may assist in the diagnosis and the monitoring of disease activity, whilst ignoring them may lead to an inaccurate diagnosis and useless and expensive workups. Indurated tag-like lesions, cobblestoning, and mucogingivitis are the most common specific oral findings encountered in CD cases. Aphthous stomatitis and pyostomatitis vegetans are among non-specific oral manifestations of IBD. In differential diagnosis, side effects of drugs, infections, nutritional deficiencies, and other inflammatory conditions should also be considered. Treatment usually involves managing the underlying intestinal disease. In severe cases with local symptoms, topical and/or systemic steroids and immunosuppressive drugs might be used.
文摘目的观察先天性空肠闭锁Ⅰ型隔膜组织黏膜层内的潘氏细胞分布及黏膜层炎症反应。方法选用5例先天性空肠闭锁Ⅰ型患儿的隔膜组织,隔膜位置距离Treitz韧带<15 cm,术中行肠切除和肠吻合过程中钳取收集隔膜临近的正常肠壁作为对照。2组标本分别行免疫组化染色,并进行半定量比较溶菌酶蛋白、白细胞介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)的表达。采用Image pro plus 6.0软件分析免疫组化平均光密度。统计学方法采用独立样本t检验。结果隔膜组织黏膜绒毛结构少而紊乱,未见典型黏膜上皮隐窝,隔膜组织肠腺基底部未见发育形态完整的潘氏细胞,隔膜组织潘氏细胞的溶菌酶蛋白表达(0.110±0.015)较正常空肠标本(0.350±0.030)明显减少,差异有统计学意义(t=52.760,P=0.001)。隔膜组织黏膜层IL-6和TNF-α表达(分别为0.058±0.010、0.076±0.009)较正常空肠标本(分别为0.036±0.007、0.022±0.004)明显增多,差异均有统计学意义(t=52.760,P=0.012;t=86.520,P=0.001)。结论与正常肠壁相比,先天性空肠闭锁I型隔膜组织发育具有不完善性,由潘氏细胞介导的黏膜防御功能和屏障功能降低,黏膜炎症反应增强。胚胎期肠道干细胞向潘氏细胞分化异常可能参与了隔膜组织的形成。
文摘Objective To analyze the 40 years' experience of intestinal atresia and to introduce a new design of longoblique anastomosis for disproportional loop s of the intestine Methods A total of 449 cases of congenital atresia of the small intesti ne were classified into three groups according to the embryopathology: high grou p (145 cases), including duodenal and high jejunal atresia; middle group (288), including ileojejunal atresia; and low group (16), including terminal ileal at resia To analyze the survival rate and mode of treatment, we assigned the cases into 3 gr oups according to the year of admission: 1) 1956-1969 (173 cases), under the gen eral pediatric surgical care; 2) 1970-1985 (147), under the specialty neonatal s urgical care; and 3) 1986-1996 (129), with additional use of total parenteral nu trition Results The ileojejunal atresia group (middle group) had the highest m ortality rate (476%) The overall mortality rate decreased as the time went b y, dropping from 647% in the early years down to 186% in the recent years, a nd no hospital death occurred in the recent couple of years Conclusion Besides the improvement of neonatal surgical techniques, sel ecting a proper surgical procedure according to the embryopathology is essential to the r eduction of mortality The longoblique anastomosis is particularly acceptable in China at present for marked disproportional loops
