The continuous improvement of solar thermal technologies is essential to meet the growing demand for sustainable heat generation and to support global decarbonization efforts.This study presents the design,implementat...The continuous improvement of solar thermal technologies is essential to meet the growing demand for sustainable heat generation and to support global decarbonization efforts.This study presents the design,implementation,and validation of a real-time monitoring framework based on the Internet ofThings(IoT)and cloud computing to enhance the thermal performance of evacuated tube solar water heaters(ETSWHs).A commercial system and a custom-built prototype were instrumented with Industry 4.0 technologies,including platinum resistance temperature detectors(PT100),solar irradiance and wind speed sensors,a programmable logic controller(PLC),a SCADAinterface,and a cloud-connected IoT gateway.Data were processed locally and transmitted to cloud storage for continuous analysis and visualization via amobile application.Experimental results demonstrated the prototype’s superior thermal energy storage capacity−47.4 vs.36.2 MJ for the commercial system,representing a 31%—achieved through the novel integration of Industry 4.0 architecture with an optimized collector design.This improvement is attributed to optimized geometric design parameters,including a reduced tilt angle,increased inter-tube spacing,and the incorporation of an aluminum reflective surface.These modifications collectively enhanced solar heat absorption and reduced optical losses.The framework effectively identified thermal stratification,monitored environmental effects on heat transfer,and enabled real-time system diagnostics.By integrating automation,IoT,and cloud computing,the proposed architecture establishes a scalable and replicable model for the intelligent management of solar thermal systems,facilitating predictive maintenance and future integration with artificial intelligence for performance forecasting.This work provides a practical,data-driven approach to digitizing and optimizing heat transfer systems,promoting more efficient and sustainable solar thermal energy applications.展开更多
The Internet has been enhanced recently by blockchain and Internet of Things(IoT)networks.The Internet of Things is a network of various sensor-equipped devices.It gradually integrates the Internet,sensors,and cloud c...The Internet has been enhanced recently by blockchain and Internet of Things(IoT)networks.The Internet of Things is a network of various sensor-equipped devices.It gradually integrates the Internet,sensors,and cloud computing.Blockchain is based on encryption algorithms,which are shared database technologies on the Internet.Blockchain technology has grown significantly because of its features,such as flexibility,support for integration,anonymity,decentralization,and independent control.Computational nodes in the blockchain network are used to verify online transactions.However,this integration creates scalability,interoperability,and security challenges.Over the last decade,several advancements in blockchain technology have drawn attention fromresearch communities and industries.Blockchain technology helps IoT networks become more reliable and enhance security and privacy.It also removes single points of failure and lowers the cost.In recent years,there has been an increasing amount of literature on IoT and blockchain technology applications.This paper extensively examines the current state of blockchain technologies,focusing specifically on their integration into the Internet of Things.Additionally,it highlights the benefits,drawbacks,and opportunities of recent studies on security issues based on blockchain solutions into categories.The survey examined various research papers fromdifferent types of publications.Also,a review of the other IoT applications has been included,focusing on the security requirements and challenges in IoT-based systems.Future research directions are gathered for the effective integration of Blockchain and IoT.展开更多
Complex cyber-physical network refers to a new generatio~ of complex networks whose normal functioning significantly relies on tight interactions between its physical and cyber compo- nents. Many modern critical infra...Complex cyber-physical network refers to a new generatio~ of complex networks whose normal functioning significantly relies on tight interactions between its physical and cyber compo- nents. Many modern critical infrastructures can be appropriately modelled as complex cyber-physical networks. Typical examples of such infrastructures are electrical power grids, WWW, public trans- portation systems, state financial networks, and the Interact. These critical facilities play important roles in ensuring the stability of society as well as the development of economy. Advances in informa- tion and communication technology open opportunities for malicious attackers to launch coordinated attacks on cyber-physical critical facilities in networked infrastructures from any Interact-accessible place. Cybersecurity of complex cyber-physical networks has emerged as a hot topic within this con- text. In practice, it is also very crucial to understand the interplay between the evolution of underlying network structures and the collective dynamics on these complex networks and consequently to design efficient security control strategies to protect the evolution of these networks. In this paper, cybersecu- rity of complex cyber-physical networks is first outlined and then some security enhancing techniques, with particular emphasis on safety communications, attack detection and fault-tolerant control, are suggested. Furthermore, a new class of efficient secure the achievement of desirable pinning synchronization control strategies are proposed for guaranteeing behaviors in complex cyber-physical networks against malicious attacks on nodes. The authors hope that this paper motivates to design enhanced security strategies for complex cyber-physical network systems, to realize resilient and secure critical infrastructures.展开更多
基金funded by the National Council of Science,Technology,and Technological Innovation(CONCYTEC)the National Program of Scientific Research and Advanced Studies(PROCIENCIA)under the E041-2022-“Applied Research Projects”competition.Contract number:PE501078609-2022-PROCIENCIA.
文摘The continuous improvement of solar thermal technologies is essential to meet the growing demand for sustainable heat generation and to support global decarbonization efforts.This study presents the design,implementation,and validation of a real-time monitoring framework based on the Internet ofThings(IoT)and cloud computing to enhance the thermal performance of evacuated tube solar water heaters(ETSWHs).A commercial system and a custom-built prototype were instrumented with Industry 4.0 technologies,including platinum resistance temperature detectors(PT100),solar irradiance and wind speed sensors,a programmable logic controller(PLC),a SCADAinterface,and a cloud-connected IoT gateway.Data were processed locally and transmitted to cloud storage for continuous analysis and visualization via amobile application.Experimental results demonstrated the prototype’s superior thermal energy storage capacity−47.4 vs.36.2 MJ for the commercial system,representing a 31%—achieved through the novel integration of Industry 4.0 architecture with an optimized collector design.This improvement is attributed to optimized geometric design parameters,including a reduced tilt angle,increased inter-tube spacing,and the incorporation of an aluminum reflective surface.These modifications collectively enhanced solar heat absorption and reduced optical losses.The framework effectively identified thermal stratification,monitored environmental effects on heat transfer,and enabled real-time system diagnostics.By integrating automation,IoT,and cloud computing,the proposed architecture establishes a scalable and replicable model for the intelligent management of solar thermal systems,facilitating predictive maintenance and future integration with artificial intelligence for performance forecasting.This work provides a practical,data-driven approach to digitizing and optimizing heat transfer systems,promoting more efficient and sustainable solar thermal energy applications.
文摘The Internet has been enhanced recently by blockchain and Internet of Things(IoT)networks.The Internet of Things is a network of various sensor-equipped devices.It gradually integrates the Internet,sensors,and cloud computing.Blockchain is based on encryption algorithms,which are shared database technologies on the Internet.Blockchain technology has grown significantly because of its features,such as flexibility,support for integration,anonymity,decentralization,and independent control.Computational nodes in the blockchain network are used to verify online transactions.However,this integration creates scalability,interoperability,and security challenges.Over the last decade,several advancements in blockchain technology have drawn attention fromresearch communities and industries.Blockchain technology helps IoT networks become more reliable and enhance security and privacy.It also removes single points of failure and lowers the cost.In recent years,there has been an increasing amount of literature on IoT and blockchain technology applications.This paper extensively examines the current state of blockchain technologies,focusing specifically on their integration into the Internet of Things.Additionally,it highlights the benefits,drawbacks,and opportunities of recent studies on security issues based on blockchain solutions into categories.The survey examined various research papers fromdifferent types of publications.Also,a review of the other IoT applications has been included,focusing on the security requirements and challenges in IoT-based systems.Future research directions are gathered for the effective integration of Blockchain and IoT.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant No.2016YFB0800401the National Nature Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.61304168,61673104,and 61322302+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China under Grant No.BK20130595the National Ten Thousand Talent Program for Young Top-Notch Talents,the Six Talent Peaks of Jiangsu Province of China under Grant No.2014-DZXX-004the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China under Grant No.20130092120030the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China under Grant No.2242016K41030
文摘Complex cyber-physical network refers to a new generatio~ of complex networks whose normal functioning significantly relies on tight interactions between its physical and cyber compo- nents. Many modern critical infrastructures can be appropriately modelled as complex cyber-physical networks. Typical examples of such infrastructures are electrical power grids, WWW, public trans- portation systems, state financial networks, and the Interact. These critical facilities play important roles in ensuring the stability of society as well as the development of economy. Advances in informa- tion and communication technology open opportunities for malicious attackers to launch coordinated attacks on cyber-physical critical facilities in networked infrastructures from any Interact-accessible place. Cybersecurity of complex cyber-physical networks has emerged as a hot topic within this con- text. In practice, it is also very crucial to understand the interplay between the evolution of underlying network structures and the collective dynamics on these complex networks and consequently to design efficient security control strategies to protect the evolution of these networks. In this paper, cybersecu- rity of complex cyber-physical networks is first outlined and then some security enhancing techniques, with particular emphasis on safety communications, attack detection and fault-tolerant control, are suggested. Furthermore, a new class of efficient secure the achievement of desirable pinning synchronization control strategies are proposed for guaranteeing behaviors in complex cyber-physical networks against malicious attacks on nodes. The authors hope that this paper motivates to design enhanced security strategies for complex cyber-physical network systems, to realize resilient and secure critical infrastructures.
