The ZJC 480 series helium-neon laser blood vessel internal exposure apparatus was developed by the Changchun Zhongji Photoelectric Co, Ltd. It is used in the treatment of ischemic anoxic cardiovascular and cerebrovasc...The ZJC 480 series helium-neon laser blood vessel internal exposure apparatus was developed by the Changchun Zhongji Photoelectric Co, Ltd. It is used in the treatment of ischemic anoxic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, nervous system disorders, and respiratory and urinary system disorders. In 1995, the ZJC series was appraised as the "95 State-Grade Key New Product" by the State Science and Tech-展开更多
Introduction:The effective dose caused by the external exposure of medical radiation workers has dramatically declined in China.By contrast,less attention has been given to internal exposure to radiation.This study ai...Introduction:The effective dose caused by the external exposure of medical radiation workers has dramatically declined in China.By contrast,less attention has been given to internal exposure to radiation.This study aimed to describe the national monitoring of the internal exposure of Chinese nuclear medicine(NM)workers from 2021 to 2023.These findings provide essential baseline data for enhancing radiation protection protocols in NM facilities and optimizing national internal exposure monitoring.Methods:All the non-military hospitals in China with an NM program were investigated.Portable gamma spectrometers were used to measure the ^(131)I activities of the thyroid of staff members at ^(131)I treatment sites.Results:A total of 998 hospitals in China had an NM program in 2023.Detectable rate(measurements above minimum detectable activity)decreased from 26.2%in 2021 to 20.1%in 2023.The proportion of measurements exceeding 1.0×10^(2) Bq decreased from 12.8%in 2021 to 10.0%in 2023.The detectable rate varied with job categories(P=0.001),with the detectable rate of cleaners being the highest.Conclusions:In China,^(131)I was detected in the thyroid of about one-fifth of the subjects working at radioiodine treatment sites.Detectable rate exhibited a slow downward trend in recent years.展开更多
Phthalate(PAEs)and Bisphenols(BPs)are plasticizers or additives in consumer products.They are typical endocrine disruptors,and potential health hazards may occur when people are exposed to them through inhalation,inge...Phthalate(PAEs)and Bisphenols(BPs)are plasticizers or additives in consumer products.They are typical endocrine disruptors,and potential health hazards may occur when people are exposed to them through inhalation,ingestion,and dermal contact.The current research on inhalation exposure pays limited attention to the particle distribution of PAEs and BPs in air,although particulate-bound pollutants are usually size-dependent.In this study,we discussed the size resolution of PAEs and BPs in air particles from city waste recycling plants.With paired urine samples of the workers,we also compared the internal and external exposure of PAEs and BPs and related potential health risks.The particulatebound PAEs and BPs concentrated mainly on coarse particles(Dp>2.1μm),with a bimodal distribution,and the peak particle size ranged from 9–10 to 4.7–5.85μm,respectively.Model calculation revealed that the deposition fluxes of PAEs in different respiratory regions followed the sequence of head airways(167±92.8 ng/h)>alveolar region(18.9±9.96 ng/h)>tracheobronchial region(9.20±5.22 ng/h),and the similar trends went for BPs.The daily intakes of PAEs and BPs via dust ingestion were higher than those fromrespiratory inhalation and dermal contact,with mean value of 96 and 0.88 ng/(kg-bw day),respectively.For internal exposure,the estimated daily intakes of PAEs for waste recycling workers were higher than those in e-waste dismantling workers,while the exposure levels of bisphenols were comparable.Overall,the potential health risks from inhalation exposure to particulate-bound PAEs and BPs were low.展开更多
文摘The ZJC 480 series helium-neon laser blood vessel internal exposure apparatus was developed by the Changchun Zhongji Photoelectric Co, Ltd. It is used in the treatment of ischemic anoxic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, nervous system disorders, and respiratory and urinary system disorders. In 1995, the ZJC series was appraised as the "95 State-Grade Key New Product" by the State Science and Tech-
文摘Introduction:The effective dose caused by the external exposure of medical radiation workers has dramatically declined in China.By contrast,less attention has been given to internal exposure to radiation.This study aimed to describe the national monitoring of the internal exposure of Chinese nuclear medicine(NM)workers from 2021 to 2023.These findings provide essential baseline data for enhancing radiation protection protocols in NM facilities and optimizing national internal exposure monitoring.Methods:All the non-military hospitals in China with an NM program were investigated.Portable gamma spectrometers were used to measure the ^(131)I activities of the thyroid of staff members at ^(131)I treatment sites.Results:A total of 998 hospitals in China had an NM program in 2023.Detectable rate(measurements above minimum detectable activity)decreased from 26.2%in 2021 to 20.1%in 2023.The proportion of measurements exceeding 1.0×10^(2) Bq decreased from 12.8%in 2021 to 10.0%in 2023.The detectable rate varied with job categories(P=0.001),with the detectable rate of cleaners being the highest.Conclusions:In China,^(131)I was detected in the thyroid of about one-fifth of the subjects working at radioiodine treatment sites.Detectable rate exhibited a slow downward trend in recent years.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22176071)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(No.2023A1515011879).
文摘Phthalate(PAEs)and Bisphenols(BPs)are plasticizers or additives in consumer products.They are typical endocrine disruptors,and potential health hazards may occur when people are exposed to them through inhalation,ingestion,and dermal contact.The current research on inhalation exposure pays limited attention to the particle distribution of PAEs and BPs in air,although particulate-bound pollutants are usually size-dependent.In this study,we discussed the size resolution of PAEs and BPs in air particles from city waste recycling plants.With paired urine samples of the workers,we also compared the internal and external exposure of PAEs and BPs and related potential health risks.The particulatebound PAEs and BPs concentrated mainly on coarse particles(Dp>2.1μm),with a bimodal distribution,and the peak particle size ranged from 9–10 to 4.7–5.85μm,respectively.Model calculation revealed that the deposition fluxes of PAEs in different respiratory regions followed the sequence of head airways(167±92.8 ng/h)>alveolar region(18.9±9.96 ng/h)>tracheobronchial region(9.20±5.22 ng/h),and the similar trends went for BPs.The daily intakes of PAEs and BPs via dust ingestion were higher than those fromrespiratory inhalation and dermal contact,with mean value of 96 and 0.88 ng/(kg-bw day),respectively.For internal exposure,the estimated daily intakes of PAEs for waste recycling workers were higher than those in e-waste dismantling workers,while the exposure levels of bisphenols were comparable.Overall,the potential health risks from inhalation exposure to particulate-bound PAEs and BPs were low.
