Secondary organic aerosol(SOA)is a very important component of fine particulate matter(PM)in the atmosphere.However,the simulations of SOA,which could help to elucidate the detailed mechanism of SOA formation and quan...Secondary organic aerosol(SOA)is a very important component of fine particulate matter(PM)in the atmosphere.However,the simulations of SOA,which could help to elucidate the detailed mechanism of SOA formation and quantify the roles of various precursors,remains unsatisfactory,as SOA levels are frequently underestimated.It has been found that the performance of SOA formation models can be significantly improved by incorporating the emission and evolution of semivolatile and intermediate-volatility organic compounds(S/IVOCs).In order to explore the roles of S/IVOCs in SOA formation,this study reviews some simulation models which could consider S/IVOCs for SOA formation as well as the development of emission inventories of S/IVOCs and S/IVOC modules for SOA formation.In addition,the future research directions for simulations of the effect of S/IVOCs on SOA formation are suggested.展开更多
Intermediate volatility organic compounds(IVOCs)are crucial precursors of secondary organic aerosol(SOA).In this study,gaseous IVOCs emitted from a ship main engine burning heavy fuel oil(HFO)were investigated on a te...Intermediate volatility organic compounds(IVOCs)are crucial precursors of secondary organic aerosol(SOA).In this study,gaseous IVOCs emitted from a ship main engine burning heavy fuel oil(HFO)were investigated on a test bench,which could simulate the real-world operations and emissions of ocean-going ships.The chemical compositions,emission factors(EFs)and volatility distributions of IVOC emissions were investigated.The results showed that the main engine burning HFO emitted a large amount of IVOCs,with average IVOC EFs of 20.2-201 mg/kg-fuel.The IVOCs were mainly comprised of unspeciated compounds.The chemical compositions of exhaust IVOCs were different from that of HFO fuel,especially for polycyclic aromatic compounds and alkylcyclohexanes.The volatility distributions of IVOCs were also different between HFO exhausts and HFO fuel.The distinctions in IVOC emission characteristics between HFO exhausts and HFO fuel should be considered when assessing the IVOC emission and related SOA formation potentials from ocean-going ships burning HFO,especially when using fuel-surrogate models.展开更多
Ship auxiliary engines contribute large amounts of air pollutants when at berth.Biodiesel,including that from waste cooking oil(WCO),can favor a reduction in the emission of primary pollutant when used with internal c...Ship auxiliary engines contribute large amounts of air pollutants when at berth.Biodiesel,including that from waste cooking oil(WCO),can favor a reduction in the emission of primary pollutant when used with internal combustion engines.This study investigated the emissions of gaseous intermediate-volatile organic compounds(IVOCs)between WCO biodiesel and marine gas oil(MGO)to further understand the differences in secondary organic aerosol(SOA)production of exhausts.Results revealed that WCO exhaust exhibited similar IVOC composition and volatility distribution to MGO exhaust,despite the differences between fuel contents.While WCO biodiesel could reduce IVOC emissions by 50%as compared to MGO,and thus reduced the SOA production from IVOCs.The compositions and volatility distributions of exhaust IVOCs varied to those of their fuels,implying that fuel-component-based SOA predicting model should be used with more cautions when assessing SOA production of WCO and MGO exhausts.WCO biodiesel is a cleaner fuel comparing to conventional MGO on ship auxiliary engines with regard to the reductions in gaseous IVOC emissions and corresponding SOA productions.Although the tests were conducted on test bench,the results could be considered as representative due to the widely applications of the test engine and MGO fuel on real-world ships.展开更多
基金supported by the State Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.91644215)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2017YFC0210106 and 2016YFC0202206)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41775114)the Pearl River Science&Technology Nova Program of Guangzhou(No.201806010146)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.19lgzd06)the Special Fund Project for Science and Technology Innovation Strategy of Guangdong Province(No.2019B121205004)
文摘Secondary organic aerosol(SOA)is a very important component of fine particulate matter(PM)in the atmosphere.However,the simulations of SOA,which could help to elucidate the detailed mechanism of SOA formation and quantify the roles of various precursors,remains unsatisfactory,as SOA levels are frequently underestimated.It has been found that the performance of SOA formation models can be significantly improved by incorporating the emission and evolution of semivolatile and intermediate-volatility organic compounds(S/IVOCs).In order to explore the roles of S/IVOCs in SOA formation,this study reviews some simulation models which could consider S/IVOCs for SOA formation as well as the development of emission inventories of S/IVOCs and S/IVOC modules for SOA formation.In addition,the future research directions for simulations of the effect of S/IVOCs on SOA formation are suggested.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 41403084 and 4171101108)the Project from Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology (No. 16ZR1414800
文摘Intermediate volatility organic compounds(IVOCs)are crucial precursors of secondary organic aerosol(SOA).In this study,gaseous IVOCs emitted from a ship main engine burning heavy fuel oil(HFO)were investigated on a test bench,which could simulate the real-world operations and emissions of ocean-going ships.The chemical compositions,emission factors(EFs)and volatility distributions of IVOC emissions were investigated.The results showed that the main engine burning HFO emitted a large amount of IVOCs,with average IVOC EFs of 20.2-201 mg/kg-fuel.The IVOCs were mainly comprised of unspeciated compounds.The chemical compositions of exhaust IVOCs were different from that of HFO fuel,especially for polycyclic aromatic compounds and alkylcyclohexanes.The volatility distributions of IVOCs were also different between HFO exhausts and HFO fuel.The distinctions in IVOC emission characteristics between HFO exhausts and HFO fuel should be considered when assessing the IVOC emission and related SOA formation potentials from ocean-going ships burning HFO,especially when using fuel-surrogate models.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41403084,41807341,4171101108 and 41603090)the Project from Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology(No.16ZR1414800)
文摘Ship auxiliary engines contribute large amounts of air pollutants when at berth.Biodiesel,including that from waste cooking oil(WCO),can favor a reduction in the emission of primary pollutant when used with internal combustion engines.This study investigated the emissions of gaseous intermediate-volatile organic compounds(IVOCs)between WCO biodiesel and marine gas oil(MGO)to further understand the differences in secondary organic aerosol(SOA)production of exhausts.Results revealed that WCO exhaust exhibited similar IVOC composition and volatility distribution to MGO exhaust,despite the differences between fuel contents.While WCO biodiesel could reduce IVOC emissions by 50%as compared to MGO,and thus reduced the SOA production from IVOCs.The compositions and volatility distributions of exhaust IVOCs varied to those of their fuels,implying that fuel-component-based SOA predicting model should be used with more cautions when assessing SOA production of WCO and MGO exhausts.WCO biodiesel is a cleaner fuel comparing to conventional MGO on ship auxiliary engines with regard to the reductions in gaseous IVOC emissions and corresponding SOA productions.Although the tests were conducted on test bench,the results could be considered as representative due to the widely applications of the test engine and MGO fuel on real-world ships.
