Developing sustainable and clean energy sources(e.g.,solar,wind,and tide energy)is essential to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality.Due to the discontinuous and inco nsistent nature of common clean energy sources,hi...Developing sustainable and clean energy sources(e.g.,solar,wind,and tide energy)is essential to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality.Due to the discontinuous and inco nsistent nature of common clean energy sources,high-performance energy storage technologies are a critical part of achieving this target.Aqueous zinc metal batteries(AZMBs)with inherent safety,low cost,and competitive performance are regarded as one of the promising candidates for grid-scale energy storage.However,zinc metal anodes(ZMAs)with irreversible problems of dendrite growth,hydrogen evolution reaction,self-corrosio n,and other side reactions have seriously hindered the development and commercialization of AZMBs.An increasing number of researchers are focusing on the stability of ZMAs,so assessing the effectiveness of existing research strategies is critical to the development of AZMBs.This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the fundamentals and challenges of AZMBs.Resea rch strategies for interfacial modification of ZMAs are systematically presented.The features of artificial interfacial coating and in-situ interfacial coating of ZMAs are compared and discussed in detail,as well as the effect of modified interfacial ZMA on the full-battery performance.Finally,perspectives are provided on the problems and challenges of ZMAs.This review is expected to offer a constructive reference for the further development and commercialization of AZMBs.展开更多
To tackle energy crisis and achieve sustainable development, aqueous rechargeable zinc ion batteries have gained widespread attention in large-scale energy storage for their low cost, high safety, high theoretical cap...To tackle energy crisis and achieve sustainable development, aqueous rechargeable zinc ion batteries have gained widespread attention in large-scale energy storage for their low cost, high safety, high theoretical capacity, and environmental compatibility in recent years. However, zinc anode in aqueous zinc ion batteries is still facing several challenges such as dendrite growth and side reactions(e.g., hydrogen evolution), which cause poor reversibility and the failure of batteries. To address these issues, interfacial modification of Zn anodes has received great attention by tuning the interaction between the anode and the electrolyte. Herein, we present recent advances in the interfacial modification of zinc anode in this review. Besides, the challenges of reported approaches of interfacial modification are also discussed.Finally, we provide an outlook for the exploration of novel zinc anode for aqueous zinc ion batteries.We hope that this review will be helpful in designing and fabricating dendrite-free and hydrogenevolution-free Zn anodes and promoting the practical application of aqueous rechargeable zinc ion batteries.展开更多
In recent years, flexible perovskite solar cells have received extensive attention and rapid development due to their advantages of lightweight, portability, wearability and applications in near-space. However,due to ...In recent years, flexible perovskite solar cells have received extensive attention and rapid development due to their advantages of lightweight, portability, wearability and applications in near-space. However,due to the limitations of their preparation process and other factors, high-efficiency and large-area flexible perovskite solar cells still have a lot of room for development. In our work, a flexible perovskite solar cell(PEN/ITO/Sn O2/KCl/Cs0.05(MA0.17 FA0.83)0.95 Pb(I0.83 Br0.17)3/spiro/Au) was prepared using a low temperature(no higher than 100°C) solution process, and the device with the highest efficiency of 16.16%was obtained by adjusting the concentration of the KCl modified layer. Meanwhile, the efficiency of the large area(1 cm2) flexible solar cell was higher than 13%. At the same time, the passivation of the KCl interface modification layer inhibits the formation of the defect states, which reduced the surface recombination of the perovskite and improved the carrier transport performance, and the hysteresis effect of the device was also reduced accordingly.展开更多
We report on an all-solid-state battery that employs a closo-type complex hydride solid electrolyte and a LiCoO2 cathode.Interfacial modification between the solid electrolyte and cathode with a LiNbO3 buffer layer en...We report on an all-solid-state battery that employs a closo-type complex hydride solid electrolyte and a LiCoO2 cathode.Interfacial modification between the solid electrolyte and cathode with a LiNbO3 buffer layer enables reversible charge-discharge cycling with a cell voltage of 3.9V (vs.Li^+/Li) at room temperature.Electrochemical analyses clarify that the given modification effectively suppresses side reactions at the cathode/solid electrolyte interface.The interfacial resistance is lowered by ca.10 times with a 5 nm thick LiNbO3 buffer layer compared to that without a buffer layer,so that a discharge capacity of 109 mAh g^-1 is achieved.These results suggest that interfacial modification can be a viable approach to the development of high-voltage all-solid-state batteries using closo-type complex hydride solid electrolytes and oxide cathodes.展开更多
Solid-state lithium-metal batteries(SLMBs)have been regarded as one of the most promising next-generation devices because of their potential high safety,high energy density,and simple packing procedure.However,the pra...Solid-state lithium-metal batteries(SLMBs)have been regarded as one of the most promising next-generation devices because of their potential high safety,high energy density,and simple packing procedure.However,the practical applications of SLMBs are restricted by a series of static and dynamic interfacial issues,including poor interfacial contact,(electro-)chemical incompatibility,dynamic Li dendrite penetration,etc.In recent years,considerable attempts have been made to obtain mechanistic insight into interfacial failures and to develop possible strategies towards excellent interfacial properties for SLMBs.The static and dynamic failure mechanisms at interfaces between solid electrolytes(SEs)and electrodes are comprehensively summarized,and design strategies involving interfacial modification,electrode/SE engineering,and the monolithic construction of SLMBs are discussed in detail.Finally,possible research methodologies such as theoretical calcu-lations,advanced characterization techniques,and versatile design strategies are provided to tackle these interfacial problems.展开更多
The exploration of advanced materials through rational structure/phase design is the key to develop highperformance lithium-ion capacitors(LICs).However,high complexity of material preparation and difficulty in quanti...The exploration of advanced materials through rational structure/phase design is the key to develop highperformance lithium-ion capacitors(LICs).However,high complexity of material preparation and difficulty in quantity production largely hinder the further development.Herein,Cu_(5)FeS_(4-x)/C(CFS@C)heterojunction with rich sulfur vacancies has successfully achieved from natural bornite,presenting low costeffective and bulk-production prospect.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations indicate that rich vacancies in bulk phase can decrease band gap of bornite and thus improve its intrinsic electron conductivity,as well as the heterojunction spontaneously evokes a built-in electric field between its interfacial region,largely reducing the migration barrier from 1.27 e V to 0.75 e V.Benefited from these merits,the CFS@C electrodes deliver outperformed lithium storage performance,e.g.,high reversible capacity(822.4m Ah/g at 0.1 A/g),excellent cycling stability(up to 820 cycles at 2 A/g and 540 cycles at 5 A/g with respective capacity retention of over or nearly 100%).With CFS@C as anode and porous carbon nanosheets(PCS)as cathode,the assembled CFS@C//PCS LIC full cells exhibit high energy/power density characteristics of 139.2 Wh/kg at 2500 W/kg.This work is expected to offer significant insights into structure modifications/devising toward natural minerals for advanced energy-storage systems.展开更多
Aqueous Zn ion batteries(ZIBs)have received extensive attention due to their intrinsic safety,high abundance,and low cost.However,uncontrolled dendrite growth and water-induced side reactions at electrod e/electrolyte...Aqueous Zn ion batteries(ZIBs)have received extensive attention due to their intrinsic safety,high abundance,and low cost.However,uncontrolled dendrite growth and water-induced side reactions at electrod e/electrolyte interfaces hinder the advancement of ZIBs.Herein,density functional theory(DFT)calculation indicates that Zn heptafluorobutyrate can facilitate uniform Zn^(2+)deposition by leveraging the abundant zincophilic groups(e.g.,-COO^(-)and-CF)and inhibit water-induced side reactions due to the presence of hydrophobic carbon chains.A Zn heptafluorobutyrate protective layer(denoted as ZFA)is constructed on the metallic Zn surface in situ by acid etching process to control Zn^(2+)desolvation and nucleation behaviors,ensuring enhanced reversibility and stability of Zn anodes.Consequently,the Zn@ZFA anode demonstrates stable operation for more than 2200 h at 1 mA cm^(-2)and over 7300cycles at 40 mA cm^(-2),with high Coulombic efficiency of 99.8%over 1900 cycles at 5 mA cm^(-2).Impressively,Zn@ZFA‖VO_(2)full cell achieves exceptional cycle life(204 mA h g^(-1)after 750 cycles at 3 A g^(-1))and remarkable rate performance(236 mA g^(-1)at 10 A g^(-1)).This work provides an insightful guidance for constructing a protection layer of dendrite-free Zn anodes for high-performance ZIBs.展开更多
Antimony sulfide(Sb_(2)S_(3))is a competitive photovoltaic material,especially for tandem solar cells.However,the quasi-intrinsic carrier concentration and deep work function of Sb_(2)S_(3) cause serious extraction pr...Antimony sulfide(Sb_(2)S_(3))is a competitive photovoltaic material,especially for tandem solar cells.However,the quasi-intrinsic carrier concentration and deep work function of Sb_(2)S_(3) cause serious extraction problem at Sb_(2)S_(3)/hole-transport-layer(HTL)interface.In this study,we proposed an efficient strategy to modify the Sb_(2)S_(3)/HTL interface by lead chloride(PbCl_(2))post-treatment.Our results demonstrated that Cl incorporation could passivate the defect of sulfur vacancy(V_(S))and antisite(Sb_(S)),and Pb enabled effective p-type doping at the Sb_(2)S_(3) interface with the Cl help of V_(S) removal.The synergistic effect of Pb and Cl elements matched well with HTL energy level,facilitated hole extraction and enhanced the interface conductivity.By employing PbCl_(2) treatment,the resulting devices obtained a high fill factor(FF)of 66.02%,and a top power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 8.05%.This work provides valuable insights into improving the Sb_(2)S_(3) interface for enhancing solar cell performance.展开更多
Achieving a highly robust zinc(Zn)metal anode is extremely important for improving the performance of aqueous Zn-ion batteries(AZIBs)for advancing“carbon neutrality”society,which is hampered by the uncontrollable gr...Achieving a highly robust zinc(Zn)metal anode is extremely important for improving the performance of aqueous Zn-ion batteries(AZIBs)for advancing“carbon neutrality”society,which is hampered by the uncontrollable growth of Zn dendrite and severe side reactions including hydrogen evolution reaction,corrosion,and passivation,etc.Herein,an interlayer containing fluorinated zincophilic covalent organic framework with sulfonic acid groups(COF-S-F)is developed on Zn metal(Zn@COF-S-F)as the artificial solid electrolyte interface(SEI).Sulfonic acid group(-SO_(3)H)in COF-S-F can effectively ameliorate the desolvation process of hydrated Zn ions,and the three-dimensional channel with fluoride group(-F)can provide interconnected channels for the favorable transport of Zn ions with ion-confinement effects,endowing Zn@COF-S-F with dendrite-free morphology and suppressed side reactions.Consequently,Zn@COF-S-F symmetric cell can stably cycle for 1,000 h with low average hysteresis voltage(50.5 m V)at the current density of 1.5 m A cm^(-2).Zn@COF-S-F|Mn O_(2)cell delivers the discharge specific capacity of 206.8 m Ah g^(-1)at the current density of 1.2 A g^(-1)after 800 cycles with high-capacity retention(87.9%).Enlightening,building artificial SEI on metallic Zn surface with targeted design has been proved as the effective strategy to foster the practical application of high-performance AZIBs.展开更多
Magnesium matrix composites have garnered significant attention in recent years owing to their exceptional lightweight properties and notable potential in various engineering applications.The interface generally acts ...Magnesium matrix composites have garnered significant attention in recent years owing to their exceptional lightweight properties and notable potential in various engineering applications.The interface generally acts as a“bridge”between the matrix and reinforcement,playing crucial roles in critical processes such as load transfer,failure behavior,and carrier transport.A deep understanding of the interfacial structures,properties,and effects holds paramount significance in the study of composites.This paper presents a comprehensive review of prior researches related to the interface of Mg matrix composites.Firstly,the different interfacial structures and interaction mechanisms encompassing mechanical,physical,and chemical bonding are introduced.Subsequently,the interfacial mechanical properties and their influence on the overall properties are discussed.Finally,the paper addresses diverse interface modification methods including matrix alloying and reinforcement surface treatment.展开更多
Suppressing nonradiative recombination and releasing residual strain areprerequisites to improving the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells(PSCs).Here,long-chain polyacrylic acid(PAA)is used to reinforce...Suppressing nonradiative recombination and releasing residual strain areprerequisites to improving the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells(PSCs).Here,long-chain polyacrylic acid(PAA)is used to reinforce SnO_(2)film and passivate SnO_(2)defects,forming a structure similar to“reinforcedconcrete”with high tensile strength and fewer microcracks.Simultaneously,PAA is also introduced to the SnO_(2)/perovskite interface as a“buffer spring”torelease residual strain,which also acts as a“dual-side passivation interlayer”to passivate the oxygen vacancies of SnO_(2)and Pb dangling bonds in halideperovskites.As a result,the best inorganic CsPbBr_(3)PSC achieves a championpower conversion efficiency of 10.83%with an ultrahigh open-circuit voltageof 1.674 V.The unencapsulated PSC shows excellent stability under 80%relative humidity and 80℃over 120 days.展开更多
Visible-light-driven photocatalysis has great potential in environmental remediation and organic synthesis.Rational design and regulation of the reaction interfacial microenvironment is critical for photocatalytic per...Visible-light-driven photocatalysis has great potential in environmental remediation and organic synthesis.Rational design and regulation of the reaction interfacial microenvironment is critical for photocatalytic performance,yet challenging.We report here a highly efficient photocatalytic system based on hydrophobic TiO_(2) porous(H-OTP)film for visible-light-driven dye-sensitized photo-oxidation.Such interface architecture design enhances the adsorption capability of organic dyes and enables the formation of air trapped triphase reaction interface microenvironment as confirmed via three-dimensional(3D)laser scanning confocal microscopy.Based on this interface architecture,the concentrations of O_(2) and organic molecule at the local reaction zone are both significantly increased,which promotes the generation of reactive oxygen species(·O_(2)^(−)and·OH),and enhances the photocatalytic performance in terms of both kinetics and organic mineralization efficiency.This study highlights the importance of interface microenvironment design and reveals an effective way to develop highly efficient photocatalytic systems.展开更多
Rechargeable magnesium batteries(RMBs)have attracted tremendous attention in energy storage ap-plications in term of high abundance,high specific capacity and remarkable safety of metallic magne-sium(Mg)anode.However,...Rechargeable magnesium batteries(RMBs)have attracted tremendous attention in energy storage ap-plications in term of high abundance,high specific capacity and remarkable safety of metallic magne-sium(Mg)anode.However,a serious passivation of Mg anode in the conventional electrolytes leads to extremely poor plating/stripping performance,further hindering its applications.Herein,we propose a convenient method to construct an artificial interphase layer on Mg anode by substitution and alloy-ing reactions between SbCl_(3) and Mg.This Sb-based artificial interphase layer containing mainly MgCl_(2) and Mg_(3) Sb_(2) endows the significantly improved interfacial kinetics and electrochemical performance of Mg anode.The overpotential of Mg plating/stripping in conventional Mg(TFSI)2/DME electrolytes is vastly reduced from over 2 V to 0.25-0.3 V.Combining experiments and calculations,we demonstrate that un-der the uniform distribution of MgCl_(2) and Mg_(3) Sb_(2),an electric field with a favorable potential gradient is formed on the anode surface,which enables swift Mg^(2+)migration.Meanwhile,this layer can inhibit the decomposition of electrolytes to protect anode.This work provides an in-depth exploration of the artificial solid-electrolyte interface(SEI)construction,and a more achievable and safe path to realize the application of metallic Mg anode in RMBs.展开更多
Solid-state batteries represent the future of energy storage technology,offering improved safety and energy density.Garnet-type Li_(7)La_(3)Zr_(2)O_(12)(LLZO)solidstate electrolytes-based solid-state lithium batteries...Solid-state batteries represent the future of energy storage technology,offering improved safety and energy density.Garnet-type Li_(7)La_(3)Zr_(2)O_(12)(LLZO)solidstate electrolytes-based solid-state lithium batteries(SSLBs)stand out for their appealingmaterial properties and chemical stability.Yet,their successful deployment depends on conquering interfacial challenges.This review article primarily focuses on the advancement of interfacial engineering for LLZO-based SSLBs.We commence with a concise introduction to solid-state electrolytes and a discussion of the challenges tied to interfacial properties in LLZO-based SSLBs.We deeply explore the correlations between structure and properties and the design principles vital for achieving an ideal electrode/electrolyte interface.Subsequently,we delve into the latest advancements and strategies dedicated to overcoming these challenges,with designated sections on cathode and anode interface design.In the end,we share our insights into the advancements and opportunities for interface design in realizing the full potential of LLZO-based SSLBs,ultimately contributing to the development of safe and high-performance energy storage solutions.展开更多
The performance and stability of perovskite solar cells(PSCs)is limited by detrimental defects,mostly distributed at the grain boundary(GB)of bulk perovskite film and interface,which induce serious carrier non-radiati...The performance and stability of perovskite solar cells(PSCs)is limited by detrimental defects,mostly distributed at the grain boundary(GB)of bulk perovskite film and interface,which induce serious carrier non-radiative recombination.Therefore,there is particularly urgent to realize simultaneous passivation of bulk defects and interfacial defects.In this work,a simple,low-cost and effective multifunctional modification strategy is developed by introducing theλ-Carrageenan(λ-C)as the interfacial layer of SnO_(2)/perovskite.The sulfate groups ofλ-C not only play a positive role in passivating the Sn4+from SnO_(2)film,resulting in high conductivity,but also effectively passivate the defects at the SnO_(2)/perovskite interface.Meanwhile,λ-C can effectively passivate the defects in the perovskite film due to the strong binding force between the high content of sulfate groups and PbI2.The synergistic effect ofλ-C simultaneously achieves interfacial defects and bulk defects passivation,better crystalline quality,suppressed charge recombination,released interfacial stress and more favorable interfacial energy level alignment.Based on the above efficient synergy,theλ-C-modified device achieves a high efficiency of 23.81%,which is~24.53%higher than the control device(19.12%).To our best knowledge,23.81%of power conversion efficiency(PCE)is the highest reported PCE value of PSCs employing green natural additives.Moreover,long-term and thermal stabilities are significantly improved after interface modification.Thus,this work provides an idea for developing multifunctional natural materials towards the attainment of the efficient and stable PSCs.展开更多
In recent years, metal halide perovskites have emerged as star semiconducting materials in the field of optoelectronic devices owing to their fascinating optoelectronic properties. Of particular interest are perovskit...In recent years, metal halide perovskites have emerged as star semiconducting materials in the field of optoelectronic devices owing to their fascinating optoelectronic properties. Of particular interest are perovskite solar cells (PSCs), which have witnessed skyrocketing power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) within a short period of time, and were recently certified to reach 25.5%, which is already higher than other thin film photovoltaic technologies[1]. Nevertheless, multiple layers are still needed for state-of-theart PSCs to achieve high PCEs over 21%.展开更多
Achieving highly-efficient and stable perovskite solar cells(PSCs) with a simplified structure remains challenging, despite the tremendous potential for reducing preparation cost and facile processability by removing ...Achieving highly-efficient and stable perovskite solar cells(PSCs) with a simplified structure remains challenging, despite the tremendous potential for reducing preparation cost and facile processability by removing hole transport layer(HTL). In this work, eco-friendly glucose(Gl) as an interface modifier for HTL-free narrow bandgap tin-lead(Sn-Pb) PSCs is proposed. Gl not only enhances the wettability of the indium tin oxide to promote perovskite heterogeneous nucleation on substrate, but also realizes defect passivation by interacting with uncoordinated Pb^(2+) and Sn^(2+) in perovskite films. As a result, the quality of the perovskite films has been significantly improved, accompanied by reduced defects of bottom interface and optimized energy level structure of device, leading to an efficiency increase and a less nonradiative voltage loss of 0.102 V(for a bandgap of ~1.26 eV). Consequently, the optimized PSC delivers an unprecedented efficiency over 21% with high open-circuit voltage and enhanced stability, outperforming the control device. This work demonstrates a cost-effective approach to develop simplified structure high efficiency HTL-free Sn-Pb PSC.展开更多
Tremendous studies have been engaged in exploring the application of solid-state electrolytes(SSEs)as it provides opportunities for next-generation batteries with excellent safety and high energy density.Among the exi...Tremendous studies have been engaged in exploring the application of solid-state electrolytes(SSEs)as it provides opportunities for next-generation batteries with excellent safety and high energy density.Among the existing SSEs,newly developed halide SSEs have become a hot spot owing to their high ionic conductivity up to 1 mS cm^(-1) and their stability against high-voltage cathode.As a result,halide SSEs have been shown to be promising candidates for all-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs).Here,we review the progress of halide SSEs and available modification strategies of halide SSE-based batteries.First,halide SSEs are divided into four different categories,including halide SSEs with divalent metal,trivalent metal,tetravalent metal,and non-metal central elements,to overview their progress in the studies of their ionic conductivity,crystal structure,conductive mechanism,and electrochemical properties.Then,based on their existing drawbacks,three sorts of modification strategies,classified as chemical doping,interfacial modification,and composite electrolytes,along with their impacts on halide SSE-based batteries,are summarized.Finally,some perspectives toward halide SSE research are put forward,which will help promote the development of halide SSE-based batteries.展开更多
Na superionic conductor(NASICON)-type Li_(1.5)Al_(0.5)Ge_(0.5)P_(3)O_(12)(LAGP)solid state electrolytes(SSEs)have attracted significant interests thanks to the prominent ionic conductivity(>10^(–4)S·cm^(–1))...Na superionic conductor(NASICON)-type Li_(1.5)Al_(0.5)Ge_(0.5)P_(3)O_(12)(LAGP)solid state electrolytes(SSEs)have attracted significant interests thanks to the prominent ionic conductivity(>10^(–4)S·cm^(–1))at room temperature and superb stability in air.Unfortunately,its application has been hindered by the lithium dendrites and the intrinsic interfacial instability of LAGP towards metallic Li,etc.Herein,by magnetron sputtering(MS),an ultrathin Al film is deposited on the surface of the LAGP pellet(Al-LAGP).By in-situ alloying reaction,the spontaneously formed LiAl buffer layer inhibits the side reaction between LAGP SSEs and Li metal,induces the uniform distribution of interfacial electric field as well.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations demonstrate that the LiAl alloy surface promotes the diffusion of lithium atoms due to the lower energy barrier,thereby inhibiting the formation of lithium dendrites.Consequently,the Li/Al-LAGP-Al/Li symmetric cells show a low resistance of 210Ωand a durable lifespan over 1,200 h at a high current density of 0.1 mA·cm^(-2).Assembled all solid state lithium metal batteries(ASSLMBs)with LiFePO_(4)(LFP)cathode significantly improve cycle stability and rate performance,proving a promising stabilization strategy towards the NASIOCN type electrolyte/anode interface in solid state Li metal batteries.展开更多
Formamidinium(FA)-based Sn-Pb perovskite solar cells(FAPb_(0.5)Sn_(0.5)I_(3) PSCs)with ideal bandgap and impressive thermal stability have caught enormous attention recently.However,it still suffers from the challenge...Formamidinium(FA)-based Sn-Pb perovskite solar cells(FAPb_(0.5)Sn_(0.5)I_(3) PSCs)with ideal bandgap and impressive thermal stability have caught enormous attention recently.However,it still suffers from the challenge of realizing high efficiency due to the surface imperfections of the transport materials and the energy-level mismatch between functional contacts.Herein,it is demonstrated that the modification on buried interface with alkali metal salts is a viable strategy to alleviate these issues.We systematically investigate the role of three alkali metal bromide salts(NaBr,KBr,CsBr)by burying them between the NiOx hole transport layer(HTL)and the perovskite light-absorbing layer,which can effectively passivate interface defects,improve energy-level matching and release the internal residual strain in perovskite layers.The device with CsBr buffer layer exhibits the best power conversion efficiency(PCE)approaching 20%,which is one of the highest efficiencies for FA-based Sn-Pb PSCs employing NiO_(x) HTLs.Impressively,the long-term storage stability of the unencapsulated device is also greatly boosted.Our work provides an efficient strategy to prepare desired FA-based ideal-bandgap Sn-Pb PSCs which could be applied in tandem solar cells.展开更多
基金the financial support from the Australian Research Council,Centre for Materials Science,Queensland University of Technologythe Supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities。
文摘Developing sustainable and clean energy sources(e.g.,solar,wind,and tide energy)is essential to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality.Due to the discontinuous and inco nsistent nature of common clean energy sources,high-performance energy storage technologies are a critical part of achieving this target.Aqueous zinc metal batteries(AZMBs)with inherent safety,low cost,and competitive performance are regarded as one of the promising candidates for grid-scale energy storage.However,zinc metal anodes(ZMAs)with irreversible problems of dendrite growth,hydrogen evolution reaction,self-corrosio n,and other side reactions have seriously hindered the development and commercialization of AZMBs.An increasing number of researchers are focusing on the stability of ZMAs,so assessing the effectiveness of existing research strategies is critical to the development of AZMBs.This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the fundamentals and challenges of AZMBs.Resea rch strategies for interfacial modification of ZMAs are systematically presented.The features of artificial interfacial coating and in-situ interfacial coating of ZMAs are compared and discussed in detail,as well as the effect of modified interfacial ZMA on the full-battery performance.Finally,perspectives are provided on the problems and challenges of ZMAs.This review is expected to offer a constructive reference for the further development and commercialization of AZMBs.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52272261 and 52104300)。
文摘To tackle energy crisis and achieve sustainable development, aqueous rechargeable zinc ion batteries have gained widespread attention in large-scale energy storage for their low cost, high safety, high theoretical capacity, and environmental compatibility in recent years. However, zinc anode in aqueous zinc ion batteries is still facing several challenges such as dendrite growth and side reactions(e.g., hydrogen evolution), which cause poor reversibility and the failure of batteries. To address these issues, interfacial modification of Zn anodes has received great attention by tuning the interaction between the anode and the electrolyte. Herein, we present recent advances in the interfacial modification of zinc anode in this review. Besides, the challenges of reported approaches of interfacial modification are also discussed.Finally, we provide an outlook for the exploration of novel zinc anode for aqueous zinc ion batteries.We hope that this review will be helpful in designing and fabricating dendrite-free and hydrogenevolution-free Zn anodes and promoting the practical application of aqueous rechargeable zinc ion batteries.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61974074)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Nankai University(Grant No.63201176,92022027)。
文摘In recent years, flexible perovskite solar cells have received extensive attention and rapid development due to their advantages of lightweight, portability, wearability and applications in near-space. However,due to the limitations of their preparation process and other factors, high-efficiency and large-area flexible perovskite solar cells still have a lot of room for development. In our work, a flexible perovskite solar cell(PEN/ITO/Sn O2/KCl/Cs0.05(MA0.17 FA0.83)0.95 Pb(I0.83 Br0.17)3/spiro/Au) was prepared using a low temperature(no higher than 100°C) solution process, and the device with the highest efficiency of 16.16%was obtained by adjusting the concentration of the KCl modified layer. Meanwhile, the efficiency of the large area(1 cm2) flexible solar cell was higher than 13%. At the same time, the passivation of the KCl interface modification layer inhibits the formation of the defect states, which reduced the surface recombination of the perovskite and improved the carrier transport performance, and the hysteresis effect of the device was also reduced accordingly.
基金supported by JSPS KAKENHI(Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up 17H06519)Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists(19K15666)+2 种基金Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas“Hydrogenomics”(JP18H05513)the Collaborative Research Center on Energy Materials in IMR(E-IMR)Advanced Target Project-4 of WPI-AIMR,Tohoku University。
文摘We report on an all-solid-state battery that employs a closo-type complex hydride solid electrolyte and a LiCoO2 cathode.Interfacial modification between the solid electrolyte and cathode with a LiNbO3 buffer layer enables reversible charge-discharge cycling with a cell voltage of 3.9V (vs.Li^+/Li) at room temperature.Electrochemical analyses clarify that the given modification effectively suppresses side reactions at the cathode/solid electrolyte interface.The interfacial resistance is lowered by ca.10 times with a 5 nm thick LiNbO3 buffer layer compared to that without a buffer layer,so that a discharge capacity of 109 mAh g^-1 is achieved.These results suggest that interfacial modification can be a viable approach to the development of high-voltage all-solid-state batteries using closo-type complex hydride solid electrolytes and oxide cathodes.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFB2402600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11904379,51972329,52061160484,52125105,52188101)+1 种基金the Shenzhen Science and Technology Planning Project(JCYJ20210324101203009,JCYJ2020010911562492,JCYJ20190807171803813)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2022A1515011493,2019A1515011902,2019TX05L389,2020B0301030002).
文摘Solid-state lithium-metal batteries(SLMBs)have been regarded as one of the most promising next-generation devices because of their potential high safety,high energy density,and simple packing procedure.However,the practical applications of SLMBs are restricted by a series of static and dynamic interfacial issues,including poor interfacial contact,(electro-)chemical incompatibility,dynamic Li dendrite penetration,etc.In recent years,considerable attempts have been made to obtain mechanistic insight into interfacial failures and to develop possible strategies towards excellent interfacial properties for SLMBs.The static and dynamic failure mechanisms at interfaces between solid electrolytes(SEs)and electrodes are comprehensively summarized,and design strategies involving interfacial modification,electrode/SE engineering,and the monolithic construction of SLMBs are discussed in detail.Finally,possible research methodologies such as theoretical calcu-lations,advanced characterization techniques,and versatile design strategies are provided to tackle these interfacial problems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52004338,22378431)Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation(Nos.2022JJ20075,2023JJ40210)+1 种基金Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department(No.21B0017)Central South University Innovation-Driven Research Programme(No.2023CXQD008)。
文摘The exploration of advanced materials through rational structure/phase design is the key to develop highperformance lithium-ion capacitors(LICs).However,high complexity of material preparation and difficulty in quantity production largely hinder the further development.Herein,Cu_(5)FeS_(4-x)/C(CFS@C)heterojunction with rich sulfur vacancies has successfully achieved from natural bornite,presenting low costeffective and bulk-production prospect.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations indicate that rich vacancies in bulk phase can decrease band gap of bornite and thus improve its intrinsic electron conductivity,as well as the heterojunction spontaneously evokes a built-in electric field between its interfacial region,largely reducing the migration barrier from 1.27 e V to 0.75 e V.Benefited from these merits,the CFS@C electrodes deliver outperformed lithium storage performance,e.g.,high reversible capacity(822.4m Ah/g at 0.1 A/g),excellent cycling stability(up to 820 cycles at 2 A/g and 540 cycles at 5 A/g with respective capacity retention of over or nearly 100%).With CFS@C as anode and porous carbon nanosheets(PCS)as cathode,the assembled CFS@C//PCS LIC full cells exhibit high energy/power density characteristics of 139.2 Wh/kg at 2500 W/kg.This work is expected to offer significant insights into structure modifications/devising toward natural minerals for advanced energy-storage systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52372164,52302085,and 52172174)the Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2308085Y05 and 2308085QE143)+1 种基金the Key Natural Science Research Project of Anhui Provincial Education Department(2023AH050094)the startup grants from Anhui University(S020318031/001).
文摘Aqueous Zn ion batteries(ZIBs)have received extensive attention due to their intrinsic safety,high abundance,and low cost.However,uncontrolled dendrite growth and water-induced side reactions at electrod e/electrolyte interfaces hinder the advancement of ZIBs.Herein,density functional theory(DFT)calculation indicates that Zn heptafluorobutyrate can facilitate uniform Zn^(2+)deposition by leveraging the abundant zincophilic groups(e.g.,-COO^(-)and-CF)and inhibit water-induced side reactions due to the presence of hydrophobic carbon chains.A Zn heptafluorobutyrate protective layer(denoted as ZFA)is constructed on the metallic Zn surface in situ by acid etching process to control Zn^(2+)desolvation and nucleation behaviors,ensuring enhanced reversibility and stability of Zn anodes.Consequently,the Zn@ZFA anode demonstrates stable operation for more than 2200 h at 1 mA cm^(-2)and over 7300cycles at 40 mA cm^(-2),with high Coulombic efficiency of 99.8%over 1900 cycles at 5 mA cm^(-2).Impressively,Zn@ZFA‖VO_(2)full cell achieves exceptional cycle life(204 mA h g^(-1)after 750 cycles at 3 A g^(-1))and remarkable rate performance(236 mA g^(-1)at 10 A g^(-1)).This work provides an insightful guidance for constructing a protection layer of dendrite-free Zn anodes for high-performance ZIBs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62374065)the Interdisciplinary Research Promotion of HUST(No.2023JCYJ040)+1 种基金Project for Building a Science and Technology Innovation Center Facing South Asia and Southeast Asia(No.202403AP140015)the Innovation Project of Optics Valley Laboratory(No.OVL2024BB017).
文摘Antimony sulfide(Sb_(2)S_(3))is a competitive photovoltaic material,especially for tandem solar cells.However,the quasi-intrinsic carrier concentration and deep work function of Sb_(2)S_(3) cause serious extraction problem at Sb_(2)S_(3)/hole-transport-layer(HTL)interface.In this study,we proposed an efficient strategy to modify the Sb_(2)S_(3)/HTL interface by lead chloride(PbCl_(2))post-treatment.Our results demonstrated that Cl incorporation could passivate the defect of sulfur vacancy(V_(S))and antisite(Sb_(S)),and Pb enabled effective p-type doping at the Sb_(2)S_(3) interface with the Cl help of V_(S) removal.The synergistic effect of Pb and Cl elements matched well with HTL energy level,facilitated hole extraction and enhanced the interface conductivity.By employing PbCl_(2) treatment,the resulting devices obtained a high fill factor(FF)of 66.02%,and a top power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 8.05%.This work provides valuable insights into improving the Sb_(2)S_(3) interface for enhancing solar cell performance.
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51872090,51772097,52372252)Hebei Natural Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholar(No.E2019209433)+1 种基金Youth Talent Program of Hebei Provincial Education Department(No.BJ2018020)Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(No.E2020209151)。
文摘Achieving a highly robust zinc(Zn)metal anode is extremely important for improving the performance of aqueous Zn-ion batteries(AZIBs)for advancing“carbon neutrality”society,which is hampered by the uncontrollable growth of Zn dendrite and severe side reactions including hydrogen evolution reaction,corrosion,and passivation,etc.Herein,an interlayer containing fluorinated zincophilic covalent organic framework with sulfonic acid groups(COF-S-F)is developed on Zn metal(Zn@COF-S-F)as the artificial solid electrolyte interface(SEI).Sulfonic acid group(-SO_(3)H)in COF-S-F can effectively ameliorate the desolvation process of hydrated Zn ions,and the three-dimensional channel with fluoride group(-F)can provide interconnected channels for the favorable transport of Zn ions with ion-confinement effects,endowing Zn@COF-S-F with dendrite-free morphology and suppressed side reactions.Consequently,Zn@COF-S-F symmetric cell can stably cycle for 1,000 h with low average hysteresis voltage(50.5 m V)at the current density of 1.5 m A cm^(-2).Zn@COF-S-F|Mn O_(2)cell delivers the discharge specific capacity of 206.8 m Ah g^(-1)at the current density of 1.2 A g^(-1)after 800 cycles with high-capacity retention(87.9%).Enlightening,building artificial SEI on metallic Zn surface with targeted design has been proved as the effective strategy to foster the practical application of high-performance AZIBs.
基金supported by the financial support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFB3708400)National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant No.52305158)+1 种基金Science Innovation Foundation of Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology(No.USCAST2021-18)Funding from Aero Engine 484 Cooporation of China(ZZCX-2022-020).
文摘Magnesium matrix composites have garnered significant attention in recent years owing to their exceptional lightweight properties and notable potential in various engineering applications.The interface generally acts as a“bridge”between the matrix and reinforcement,playing crucial roles in critical processes such as load transfer,failure behavior,and carrier transport.A deep understanding of the interfacial structures,properties,and effects holds paramount significance in the study of composites.This paper presents a comprehensive review of prior researches related to the interface of Mg matrix composites.Firstly,the different interfacial structures and interaction mechanisms encompassing mechanical,physical,and chemical bonding are introduced.Subsequently,the interfacial mechanical properties and their influence on the overall properties are discussed.Finally,the paper addresses diverse interface modification methods including matrix alloying and reinforcement surface treatment.
基金Qingdao Postdoctoral Funding Program,Grant/Award Number:QDBSH20220201002National Key Research and Development Program of China,Grant/Award Number:2021YFE0111000+1 种基金Project of Shandong Province Higher Educational Young Innovative Team,Grant/Award Number:2022KJ218National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:62104136,22179051,22109053。
文摘Suppressing nonradiative recombination and releasing residual strain areprerequisites to improving the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells(PSCs).Here,long-chain polyacrylic acid(PAA)is used to reinforce SnO_(2)film and passivate SnO_(2)defects,forming a structure similar to“reinforcedconcrete”with high tensile strength and fewer microcracks.Simultaneously,PAA is also introduced to the SnO_(2)/perovskite interface as a“buffer spring”torelease residual strain,which also acts as a“dual-side passivation interlayer”to passivate the oxygen vacancies of SnO_(2)and Pb dangling bonds in halideperovskites.As a result,the best inorganic CsPbBr_(3)PSC achieves a championpower conversion efficiency of 10.83%with an ultrahigh open-circuit voltageof 1.674 V.The unencapsulated PSC shows excellent stability under 80%relative humidity and 80℃over 120 days.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2019YFA0709200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21988102,51772198,21975171)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD).
文摘Visible-light-driven photocatalysis has great potential in environmental remediation and organic synthesis.Rational design and regulation of the reaction interfacial microenvironment is critical for photocatalytic performance,yet challenging.We report here a highly efficient photocatalytic system based on hydrophobic TiO_(2) porous(H-OTP)film for visible-light-driven dye-sensitized photo-oxidation.Such interface architecture design enhances the adsorption capability of organic dyes and enables the formation of air trapped triphase reaction interface microenvironment as confirmed via three-dimensional(3D)laser scanning confocal microscopy.Based on this interface architecture,the concentrations of O_(2) and organic molecule at the local reaction zone are both significantly increased,which promotes the generation of reactive oxygen species(·O_(2)^(−)and·OH),and enhances the photocatalytic performance in terms of both kinetics and organic mineralization efficiency.This study highlights the importance of interface microenvironment design and reveals an effective way to develop highly efficient photocatalytic systems.
基金financially supported by the Fundamental Re-search Funds for the Central Universities(No.2021CDJXDJH003)the Chongqing Technology Innovation and Application Devel-opment Project(No.CSTB2022TIAD-KPX0028).
文摘Rechargeable magnesium batteries(RMBs)have attracted tremendous attention in energy storage ap-plications in term of high abundance,high specific capacity and remarkable safety of metallic magne-sium(Mg)anode.However,a serious passivation of Mg anode in the conventional electrolytes leads to extremely poor plating/stripping performance,further hindering its applications.Herein,we propose a convenient method to construct an artificial interphase layer on Mg anode by substitution and alloy-ing reactions between SbCl_(3) and Mg.This Sb-based artificial interphase layer containing mainly MgCl_(2) and Mg_(3) Sb_(2) endows the significantly improved interfacial kinetics and electrochemical performance of Mg anode.The overpotential of Mg plating/stripping in conventional Mg(TFSI)2/DME electrolytes is vastly reduced from over 2 V to 0.25-0.3 V.Combining experiments and calculations,we demonstrate that un-der the uniform distribution of MgCl_(2) and Mg_(3) Sb_(2),an electric field with a favorable potential gradient is formed on the anode surface,which enables swift Mg^(2+)migration.Meanwhile,this layer can inhibit the decomposition of electrolytes to protect anode.This work provides an in-depth exploration of the artificial solid-electrolyte interface(SEI)construction,and a more achievable and safe path to realize the application of metallic Mg anode in RMBs.
基金National Key R&D Program of China,Grant/Award Number:2022YFB3807700National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:U20A20248,52372247+4 种基金Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province,Grant/Award Number:2020B090919001Shanghai Pujiang Programme,Grant/Award Number:23PJD110China Academy of Engineering Physics,Grant/Award Number:U1930208Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,Grant/Award Number:ZR2021QB007Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality,Grant/Award Number:18DZ2280800。
文摘Solid-state batteries represent the future of energy storage technology,offering improved safety and energy density.Garnet-type Li_(7)La_(3)Zr_(2)O_(12)(LLZO)solidstate electrolytes-based solid-state lithium batteries(SSLBs)stand out for their appealingmaterial properties and chemical stability.Yet,their successful deployment depends on conquering interfacial challenges.This review article primarily focuses on the advancement of interfacial engineering for LLZO-based SSLBs.We commence with a concise introduction to solid-state electrolytes and a discussion of the challenges tied to interfacial properties in LLZO-based SSLBs.We deeply explore the correlations between structure and properties and the design principles vital for achieving an ideal electrode/electrolyte interface.Subsequently,we delve into the latest advancements and strategies dedicated to overcoming these challenges,with designated sections on cathode and anode interface design.In the end,we share our insights into the advancements and opportunities for interface design in realizing the full potential of LLZO-based SSLBs,ultimately contributing to the development of safe and high-performance energy storage solutions.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(12204193,U21A2068,12104178,61935009,11974142,12174151)the Science and Technology Development Program of Jilin Province(20200401059GX,20220101008JC)。
文摘The performance and stability of perovskite solar cells(PSCs)is limited by detrimental defects,mostly distributed at the grain boundary(GB)of bulk perovskite film and interface,which induce serious carrier non-radiative recombination.Therefore,there is particularly urgent to realize simultaneous passivation of bulk defects and interfacial defects.In this work,a simple,low-cost and effective multifunctional modification strategy is developed by introducing theλ-Carrageenan(λ-C)as the interfacial layer of SnO_(2)/perovskite.The sulfate groups ofλ-C not only play a positive role in passivating the Sn4+from SnO_(2)film,resulting in high conductivity,but also effectively passivate the defects at the SnO_(2)/perovskite interface.Meanwhile,λ-C can effectively passivate the defects in the perovskite film due to the strong binding force between the high content of sulfate groups and PbI2.The synergistic effect ofλ-C simultaneously achieves interfacial defects and bulk defects passivation,better crystalline quality,suppressed charge recombination,released interfacial stress and more favorable interfacial energy level alignment.Based on the above efficient synergy,theλ-C-modified device achieves a high efficiency of 23.81%,which is~24.53%higher than the control device(19.12%).To our best knowledge,23.81%of power conversion efficiency(PCE)is the highest reported PCE value of PSCs employing green natural additives.Moreover,long-term and thermal stabilities are significantly improved after interface modification.Thus,this work provides an idea for developing multifunctional natural materials towards the attainment of the efficient and stable PSCs.
基金financial support from the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2019A1515110770)financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21965013)。
文摘In recent years, metal halide perovskites have emerged as star semiconducting materials in the field of optoelectronic devices owing to their fascinating optoelectronic properties. Of particular interest are perovskite solar cells (PSCs), which have witnessed skyrocketing power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) within a short period of time, and were recently certified to reach 25.5%, which is already higher than other thin film photovoltaic technologies[1]. Nevertheless, multiple layers are still needed for state-of-theart PSCs to achieve high PCEs over 21%.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 12074321)the Young Science and Technology Talents Development Project of Guizhou Provincial Education Department (Grant No. QJH-KY [2022]012)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. SWU020019)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing (Grant No. cstc2020jcyjmsxmx0648)the Chongqing Graduate Student Research Innovation Project (Grant No. CYB22119)。
文摘Achieving highly-efficient and stable perovskite solar cells(PSCs) with a simplified structure remains challenging, despite the tremendous potential for reducing preparation cost and facile processability by removing hole transport layer(HTL). In this work, eco-friendly glucose(Gl) as an interface modifier for HTL-free narrow bandgap tin-lead(Sn-Pb) PSCs is proposed. Gl not only enhances the wettability of the indium tin oxide to promote perovskite heterogeneous nucleation on substrate, but also realizes defect passivation by interacting with uncoordinated Pb^(2+) and Sn^(2+) in perovskite films. As a result, the quality of the perovskite films has been significantly improved, accompanied by reduced defects of bottom interface and optimized energy level structure of device, leading to an efficiency increase and a less nonradiative voltage loss of 0.102 V(for a bandgap of ~1.26 eV). Consequently, the optimized PSC delivers an unprecedented efficiency over 21% with high open-circuit voltage and enhanced stability, outperforming the control device. This work demonstrates a cost-effective approach to develop simplified structure high efficiency HTL-free Sn-Pb PSC.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22179006)the Scientific Research Program Funded by Shaanxi Provincial Education Department(Program No.23JP134).
文摘Tremendous studies have been engaged in exploring the application of solid-state electrolytes(SSEs)as it provides opportunities for next-generation batteries with excellent safety and high energy density.Among the existing SSEs,newly developed halide SSEs have become a hot spot owing to their high ionic conductivity up to 1 mS cm^(-1) and their stability against high-voltage cathode.As a result,halide SSEs have been shown to be promising candidates for all-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs).Here,we review the progress of halide SSEs and available modification strategies of halide SSE-based batteries.First,halide SSEs are divided into four different categories,including halide SSEs with divalent metal,trivalent metal,tetravalent metal,and non-metal central elements,to overview their progress in the studies of their ionic conductivity,crystal structure,conductive mechanism,and electrochemical properties.Then,based on their existing drawbacks,three sorts of modification strategies,classified as chemical doping,interfacial modification,and composite electrolytes,along with their impacts on halide SSE-based batteries,are summarized.Finally,some perspectives toward halide SSE research are put forward,which will help promote the development of halide SSE-based batteries.
基金High-level Talents’Discipline Construction Fund of Shandong University(No.31370089963078)School Research Startup Expenses of Harbin Institute of Technology(Shenzhen)(No.DD29100027).
文摘Na superionic conductor(NASICON)-type Li_(1.5)Al_(0.5)Ge_(0.5)P_(3)O_(12)(LAGP)solid state electrolytes(SSEs)have attracted significant interests thanks to the prominent ionic conductivity(>10^(–4)S·cm^(–1))at room temperature and superb stability in air.Unfortunately,its application has been hindered by the lithium dendrites and the intrinsic interfacial instability of LAGP towards metallic Li,etc.Herein,by magnetron sputtering(MS),an ultrathin Al film is deposited on the surface of the LAGP pellet(Al-LAGP).By in-situ alloying reaction,the spontaneously formed LiAl buffer layer inhibits the side reaction between LAGP SSEs and Li metal,induces the uniform distribution of interfacial electric field as well.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations demonstrate that the LiAl alloy surface promotes the diffusion of lithium atoms due to the lower energy barrier,thereby inhibiting the formation of lithium dendrites.Consequently,the Li/Al-LAGP-Al/Li symmetric cells show a low resistance of 210Ωand a durable lifespan over 1,200 h at a high current density of 0.1 mA·cm^(-2).Assembled all solid state lithium metal batteries(ASSLMBs)with LiFePO_(4)(LFP)cathode significantly improve cycle stability and rate performance,proving a promising stabilization strategy towards the NASIOCN type electrolyte/anode interface in solid state Li metal batteries.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61974106)the Core Facility of Wuhan University。
文摘Formamidinium(FA)-based Sn-Pb perovskite solar cells(FAPb_(0.5)Sn_(0.5)I_(3) PSCs)with ideal bandgap and impressive thermal stability have caught enormous attention recently.However,it still suffers from the challenge of realizing high efficiency due to the surface imperfections of the transport materials and the energy-level mismatch between functional contacts.Herein,it is demonstrated that the modification on buried interface with alkali metal salts is a viable strategy to alleviate these issues.We systematically investigate the role of three alkali metal bromide salts(NaBr,KBr,CsBr)by burying them between the NiOx hole transport layer(HTL)and the perovskite light-absorbing layer,which can effectively passivate interface defects,improve energy-level matching and release the internal residual strain in perovskite layers.The device with CsBr buffer layer exhibits the best power conversion efficiency(PCE)approaching 20%,which is one of the highest efficiencies for FA-based Sn-Pb PSCs employing NiO_(x) HTLs.Impressively,the long-term storage stability of the unencapsulated device is also greatly boosted.Our work provides an efficient strategy to prepare desired FA-based ideal-bandgap Sn-Pb PSCs which could be applied in tandem solar cells.
