We report a simple and effective method to realize desirable interfacial property for inverted planar perovskite solar cells(PSCs)by using small molecule ethanediamine for the construction of a novel polyelectrolyte h...We report a simple and effective method to realize desirable interfacial property for inverted planar perovskite solar cells(PSCs)by using small molecule ethanediamine for the construction of a novel polyelectrolyte hole transport material(P3CT-ED HTM).It is found that P3CT-ED can not only improve the hole transport property of P3CT-K but also improve the crystallinity of adjacent perovskite film.In addition,the introduction of ethanediamine into P3CT realigns the conduction and valence bands upwards,passivates surface defects and reduces nonradiative recombination.As a consequence,compared to P3CT-K hole transport layer(HTL)based devices,the average power conversion efficiency(PCE)is boosted from17.2% to 19.6% for the counterparts with P3CT-ED,with simultaneous enhancement in open circuit voltage and fill factor.The resultant device displays a champion PCE of 20.5% with negligible hysteresis.展开更多
The current technical standards primarily relied on experience to judge the interfacial bonding properties between the self-compacting concrete filling layer and the steam-cured concrete precast slab in CRTS Ⅲ slab b...The current technical standards primarily relied on experience to judge the interfacial bonding properties between the self-compacting concrete filling layer and the steam-cured concrete precast slab in CRTS Ⅲ slab ballastless track structure.This study sought to enhance technical standards for evaluating interfacial bonding properties by suggesting the use of the splitting tensile strength to evaluate the impact of bubble defects.Specimens were fabricated through on-site experiment.The percent of each area of 6 cm^(2)or more bubble defect was 0 in most of specimens.When the cumulative area of all bub-ble defects reached 12%,the splitting tensile strength value was 0.67 MPa,which exceeded the minimum required value of 0.5 MPa for ensuring bonding interface adhesion.Furthermore,when the cumulative area of all bubble defects reached 8%,the splitting tensile strength value was 0.85 MPa,which exceeded the minimum required value of 0.8 MPa,thereby over-coming the negative impact of each area of 10 cm^(2) or more bubble defect.Additionally,keeping the cumulative area of each area of 6 cm^(2) or more bubble defect below 6%ensured adequate bonding strength and reduced the occurrence of specimens with lower splitting tensile strength values.展开更多
The modulation of electrical properties of MoS_2 has attracted extensive research interest because of its potential applications in electronic and optoelectronic devices.Herein,interfacial charge transfer induced elec...The modulation of electrical properties of MoS_2 has attracted extensive research interest because of its potential applications in electronic and optoelectronic devices.Herein,interfacial charge transfer induced electronic property tuning of MoS_2 are investigated by in situ ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements.A downward band-bending of MoS_2-related electronic states along with the decreasing work function,which are induced by the electron transfer from Cs overlayers to MoS_2,is observed after the functionalization of MoS_2 with Cs,leading to n-type doping.Meanwhile,when MoS_2 is modified with 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane(F_4-TCNQ),an upward band-bending of MoS_2-related electronic states along with the increasing work function is observed at the interfaces.This is attributed to the electron depletion within MoS_2 due to the strong electron withdrawing property of F_4-TCNQ,indicating p-type doping of MoS_2.Our findings reveal that surface transfer doping is an effective approach for electronic property tuning of MoS_2 and paves the way to optimize its performance in electronic and optoelectronic devices.展开更多
Rapidly solidified Sn-9Zn-0.1Pr(/Nd) alloy foils were prepared by melt-spinning method. Through comparison, the effects of rapid solidification process and 0.1%Pr/Nd(mass fraction) addition on the microstructure, ther...Rapidly solidified Sn-9Zn-0.1Pr(/Nd) alloy foils were prepared by melt-spinning method. Through comparison, the effects of rapid solidification process and 0.1%Pr/Nd(mass fraction) addition on the microstructure, thermodynamic characteristic of Sn-9Zn solder alloy were analyzed. The tensile-shear tests were used to evaluate the mechanical properties of solder/Cu joints. The results show that the rapid solidification process can greatly refine the microstructure of Sn-9Zn-0.1Pr(/Nd) alloys. After rapid solidification, the effects of Pr/Nd addition on microstructure are depressed. The pasty range of the rapidly solidified Sn-Zn-RE solders is also reduced significantly. The mechanical properties of solder/Cu joints are obviously improved using the rapidly solidified Sn-9Zn-0.1Pr(/Nd) solder alloy, which results in the formation of uniform interface. The promotion effect of Nd addition in Sn-9Zn alloy on the interfacial reaction of solder/Cu joint is more remarkable than that of Pr.展开更多
We use a Monte Carlo method to study the phase and interracial behaviors of A-b-B diblocks in a blend of homopolymers, A and B, which are confined between two asymmetric hard and impenetrable walls. Our results show t...We use a Monte Carlo method to study the phase and interracial behaviors of A-b-B diblocks in a blend of homopolymers, A and B, which are confined between two asymmetric hard and impenetrable walls. Our results show that, when the interaction strength is weak, the block copolymers are uniformly distributed in the ternary mixtures under considered concentrations. Under strong interaction strength, distribution region of the block copolymers changes from a single smooth interface to a curved interface or multi-layer interface in the ternary mixtures. Furthermore, our findings show that with increasing volume fraction of A-b-B diblock copolymer （φc）, copolymer profiles broaden while φc ≥ 0.4, a lamellar phase is formed and by further increasing φc, more thinner layers are observed. Moreover, the results show that, with the increase of φc, the phase interface first gradually transforms from plane to a curved surface rather than micelle or lamellar phase while with the increase of the interaction between A and B segments （CAB）, the copolymer chains not only get stretched in the direction perpendicular to the interface, but also are oriented. The simulations also reveal that the difference between symmetric and asymmetric copolymers is negligible in statistics if the lengths of two blocks are comparable.展开更多
This study shows that the mechanical strength of the composite of Fe matrix and titanium carbide(Ti C)ceramic particles is significantly enhanced with addition of molybdenum(Mo) atoms. Ti C reinforced Fe(Fe-0.2C-7Mn) ...This study shows that the mechanical strength of the composite of Fe matrix and titanium carbide(Ti C)ceramic particles is significantly enhanced with addition of molybdenum(Mo) atoms. Ti C reinforced Fe(Fe-0.2C-7Mn) composites with and without Mo were fabricated by a liquid pressing infiltration(LPI)process and the effect of Mo on interfacial properties of TiC–Fe composite was investigated using atomic probe tomography(APT) analysis, molecular dynamics(MD) simulations, first-principle density functional theory(DFT), and thermodynamic calculations. First, DFT calculations showed that total energies of the Mo-doped Ti C–Fe superlattices strongly depend on the position of Mo defects, and are minimized when the Mo atom is located at the TiC/Fe interface, supporting the probable formation of MoC-like interphase at the TiC/Fe interface region. Then, APT analysis confirmed the DFT predictions by finding that about6.5 wt.% Mo is incorporated in the Ti C–Fe(Mo) composite and that sub-micrometer thick(Ti,Mo)C interphase is indeed formed near the interface. The MD simulations show that Mo atoms migrate to the Mo-free TiC–Fe interface at elevated temperatures and the mechanical strength of the interface is considerably enhanced, which is in good agreement with experimental observations.展开更多
A comparison study on interfacial properties of a traditional fluorine-bearing(F-bearing)mold flux and a newly designed fluorine-free(F-free)mold flux to produce advanced high-strength steels(AHSSs)by compact strip pr...A comparison study on interfacial properties of a traditional fluorine-bearing(F-bearing)mold flux and a newly designed fluorine-free(F-free)mold flux to produce advanced high-strength steels(AHSSs)by compact strip production technology was conducted.The results showed that these two kinds of mold fluxes gradually spread out on the typical AHSS substrate when slags began to melt with the increase in heating temperature,and they had a good interfacial ability between the two mold fluxes and the AHSS substrate,and there was no other interfacial reaction except the oxidization of steel substrate by the mold fluxes.In comparison,the wettability of the designed F-free mold flux with the AHSS substrate was better than that of the F-bearing mold flux.The reason could be explained as the addition of B_(2)O_(3) would increase the complexity and polymerization degree of the melt structure and weaken the attractive force between the ions and ionic groups,then leading to a better wettability.Besides,B_(2)O_(3) is an effective flux,which can reduce the melting temperature obviously,and the surface tension of the liquid F-free mold flux would get reduced with the addition of B_(2)O_(3).展开更多
The high performance liquid chromatography method (HPLC) with ethyl cellulose/cellulose acetate (EC/CA) blends and EC as column packing material, and small molecular weight compound as probe molecules was employed to ...The high performance liquid chromatography method (HPLC) with ethyl cellulose/cellulose acetate (EC/CA) blends and EC as column packing material, and small molecular weight compound as probe molecules was employed to measure the retention volume (VR) and equilibrium distribution coefficient (K) of both inorganic and organic solutes. The interfacial separation properties of EC/CA blends were characterized by the HPLC data. The effects of the blends on the interfacial adsorption properties, hydrophilicity, affinity, polar and non-polar parameters of EC membrane materials were studied subsequently. The research results indicate that the interfacial adsorption properties and hydrophilicity of EC have been improved by solution blending with CA. The alloys are superior to EC in the separation efficiency for non-dissociable polar organic solute. The EC/CA alloy (80:20, ω) is suitable for desalting and desaccharifying.展开更多
To enhance the bonding properties between ramie fiber and epoxy resin,the ramie fiber was modified using nano-silica grafting.Hydrophilic nano-silica treated with water-soluble sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS)and organic s...To enhance the bonding properties between ramie fiber and epoxy resin,the ramie fiber was modified using nano-silica grafting.Hydrophilic nano-silica treated with water-soluble sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS)and organic silane coupling agents was grafted onto the surface of ramie fiber.The surface roughness of the fibers was considerably increased after grafting.The nano-silica particles on the fiber surface enhanced the mechanical and thermal properties of the fiber-epoxy composite plates.Based on an analysis of contact angle measurements and a water absorption study,it was determined that the hydrophilicity of the treated fiber was weakened.展开更多
In this work,the microstructure,failure behavior and interfacial properties with respective to the interfacial domain in SiCf/BN/SiC and C_(f)/PyC/SiC composites were studied via the fiber push-in test.The differences...In this work,the microstructure,failure behavior and interfacial properties with respective to the interfacial domain in SiCf/BN/SiC and C_(f)/PyC/SiC composites were studied via the fiber push-in test.The differences in the mechanical response of the interfacial domain were observed.During the fiber push-in test for SiCf/BN/SiC,the interface debonding accompanied with interphase fracture occurred,resulting in an obvious sign of the onset of debonding on loading-displacement(P-u)curves.While the good continuity of P-u curves can be observed for Cf/PyC/SiC,which is due to that the failure is in the form of interface debonding along with interphase lateral slipping caused by the extension of buckled carbon fiber,without any interphase fracture.The interfacial properties calculated from the fiber push-in test show that Cf/PyC/SiC possesses a weaker interfacial domain compared with SiC_(f)/BN/SiC.The interfacial shear stress of SiCf/BN/SiC and C_(f)/PyC/SiC composites amounts 94.2 and 48.1 MPa,respectively.展开更多
The interfacial property of carbon fiber(CF)reinforced composites is crucial to facilitate the application of high-strength composites.Utilizing the electrostatic and hydrogen bond properties of diazo resin,carbon nan...The interfacial property of carbon fiber(CF)reinforced composites is crucial to facilitate the application of high-strength composites.Utilizing the electrostatic and hydrogen bond properties of diazo resin,carbon nanotubes(CNTs)and graphene oxide(GO)could be quickly grafted onto the surface of the CF via the layer-by-layer self-assembly technique.The results showed that CNTs and GO were uniformly coated onto the CF surface,and the chemical activity and roughness of the modified CF surface were improved signif-icantly.The modified CF surface can significantly augment the interaction between the epoxy resin and the fiber.Remarkably,due to the good interfacial property,the impact performance of the composites re-inforced with the nanomaterial-modified CF was improved obviously.In addition,the interface properties of the composites are studied in depth.This method is expected to achieve rapid surface modification of carbon fiber.展开更多
Effect of rare earth treatment on surface physicochemical properties of carbon fibers and interfacial properties of carbon fiber/epoxy composites was investigated, and the interfacial adhesion mechanism of treated car...Effect of rare earth treatment on surface physicochemical properties of carbon fibers and interfacial properties of carbon fiber/epoxy composites was investigated, and the interfacial adhesion mechanism of treated carbon fiber/epoxy composite was analyzed. It was found that rare earth treatment led to an increase of fiber surface roughness, improvement of oxygeaa-containing groups, and introduction of rare earth element on the carbon fiber surface. As a result, coordination linkages between fibers and rare earth, and between rare earth and resin matrix were formed separately, thereby the interlaminar shear strength （ILSS） of composites increased, which indicated the improvement of the interfacial adhesion between fibers and matrix resin resulting from the increase of carboxyl and carbonyl.展开更多
Interfacial and electrical properties of HfAlO/GaSb metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitors(MOSCAPs) with sulfur passivation were investigated and the chemical mechanisms of the sulfur passivation process were carefully ...Interfacial and electrical properties of HfAlO/GaSb metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitors(MOSCAPs) with sulfur passivation were investigated and the chemical mechanisms of the sulfur passivation process were carefully studied. It was shown that the sulfur passivation treatment could reduce the interface trap density Ditof the HfAlO/GaSb interface by 35% and reduce the equivalent oxide thickness(EOT) from 8 nm to 4 nm. The improved properties are due to the removal of the native oxide layer, as was proven by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements and high-resolution cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy(HRXTEM) results. It was also found that GaSb-based MOSCAPs with HfAlO gate dielectrics have interfacial properties superior to those using HfO2 or Al2O3 dielectric layers.展开更多
It is a challenge to identify each phase in a multi-component polymer system and uniquely determine the interfacial properties between the different phases.Using atomic force microscopy nanomechanical mapping(AFM-NM)a...It is a challenge to identify each phase in a multi-component polymer system and uniquely determine the interfacial properties between the different phases.Using atomic force microscopy nanomechanical mapping(AFM-NM)and AFM-based infrared spectroscopy(AFM-IR),we identify each phase,visualize structural developments,and determine the interfacial properties in a blend of three polymers:high-density polyethylene(HDPE),polyamide(PA6)and poly(styrene-b-ethylene-co-butylene-b-styrene)(SEBS).Each phase can be identified from the Young’s modulus,along with the structural development within the phases before and after compatibilization.The interfacial widths between HDPE/PA6,HDPE/SEBS and SEBS/PA6 were determined independently in one measurement from a Young’s modulus map.The structural,mechanical property development and identity of the phases were determined by AFM-NM,while AFM-IR,providing complementary chemical information,identified interfacial reactions,showed the chemical affinity of a compatibilizer with the component phases,and mapped the distribution of the compatibilizer in the ternary polymer blends.The chemical,structural and interfacial information obtained by these measurements provide information that is essential for producing mechanically robust materials from incompatible mixtures of polymers.展开更多
In this paper, effects of pH on the interfacial properties of heavy crude functional fractions and water system are investigated. The influence of pH on π-A isotherms of acid fraction, basic fraction, amphoteric frac...In this paper, effects of pH on the interfacial properties of heavy crude functional fractions and water system are investigated. The influence of pH on π-A isotherms of acid fraction, basic fraction, amphoteric fraction and asphaltene is great. The interfacial pressure of fractions increases in strongly basic conditions. The ζ (-80mv) of acid fraction is the largest under basic conditions (pH=11-12), with the result to show that the interfacial activity of the acid fraction is superior to that of other fractions. The results of model emulsions show that strongly basic conolition (pH≥11) is beneficial to oil-in- water emulsion stability. The interfacial activity of acid fraction and asphaltene is superior to that of other crude fractions.展开更多
Waste cooking oils and non-edible vegetable oils are abundant and renewable resources for bio-based materials which have showed great potential applications in many industries.In this study,five fatty acids commonly f...Waste cooking oils and non-edible vegetable oils are abundant and renewable resources for bio-based materials which have showed great potential applications in many industries.In this study,five fatty acids commonly found in non-edible vegetable oils,including palmitic acid,stearic acid,linoleic acid,linolenic acid,ricinoleic acid,and their mixtures,were used to produce bio-based zwitterionic surfactants through a facile and high-yield chemical modification.These surfactants demonstrated excellent surface/interfacial properties with the minimum surface tensions ranging from 28.4 mN/m to 32.8 mN/m in aqueous solutions.The interfacial tensions between crude oil and surfactant solutions were remarkably reduced to lower values ranging from 0.0028 mN/m to 0.1983 mN/m without the aid of extra alkali,which particularly implied a great potential application in enhanced oil recovery.Meanwhile,these bio-based surfactants also showed good wetting properties(contact angles of~51°comparing with that of double distilled water,92.04°)and appropriate predicted biodegradability(degradation order of“weeks”for bio-based surfactants synthesized from saturated fatty acids,and“months”for those synthesized from unsaturated fatty acids).Bio-based surfactants synthesized from unsaturated fatty acids showed better interfacial properties in reducing interfacial tension between crude oil and formation water.The bio-based surfactants presented in this study are alternative substitutes for traditional petroleum-based surfactants in various surfactant application fields.展开更多
Methods capable of tuning the properties of van der Waals(vdW)layered materials in a controlled and reversible manner are highly desirable.Interfacial electronic properties of two-dimensional vdW heterostructure consi...Methods capable of tuning the properties of van der Waals(vdW)layered materials in a controlled and reversible manner are highly desirable.Interfacial electronic properties of two-dimensional vdW heterostructure consisting of silicene and indium selenide(InSe)have been calculated using density functional theory-based computational code.Furthermore,in order to vary the aforementioned properties,silicene is slid over a InSe layer in the presence of Li intercalation.On intercalation of the heterostructure,the buckling parameter associated with the corrugation of silicene decreases from 0.44A to 0.36A,whereas the InSe structure remains unaffected.Potential energy scans reveal a significant increase in the sliding energy barrier for the case of intercalated heterostructure as compared with the unintercalated heterostructure.The sliding of the silicene encounters the maximum energy barrier of 0.14 eV.Anisotropic analysis shows the noteworthy differences between calculated in-plane and out-of-plane part of dielectric function.A variation of the planar average charge density difference,dipole charge transfer and dipole moment have been discussed to elucidate the usability spectrum of the heterostructure.The employed approach based on intercalation and layer sliding can be effectively utilized for obtaining next-generation multifunctional devices.展开更多
The ZrTiON gate-dielectric GaAs metal-oxide-semiconductor （MOS） capacitors with or without ZrAION as the interfacial passivation layer （IPL） are fabricated and their properties are investigated. The experimental r...The ZrTiON gate-dielectric GaAs metal-oxide-semiconductor （MOS） capacitors with or without ZrAION as the interfacial passivation layer （IPL） are fabricated and their properties are investigated. The experimental results show that the GaAs MOS capacitor with the ZrAION IPL exhibits better interracial and electrical properties, including lower interface-state density （1.14 × 10^12 cm^-2eV^-1）, smaller gate leakage current （6.82 × 10^-5 A//cm^2 at Vfb ＋1V）, smaller capacitance equivalent thickness （1.5 nm）, and larger k value （26）. The involved mechanisms lie in the fact that the ZrAION IPL can effectively block the diffusion of Ti and O towards the GaAs surface, thus suppressing the formation of interracial Ga-/As-oxides and As-As dimers, which leads to improved interracial and electrical properties for the devices.展开更多
Surface tension of sodium aluminate solution and the contact angle between Al（OH）3 particles and aluminate solution were measured, then the dependence of Al（OH）3 solubility on its particle size was calculated and ...Surface tension of sodium aluminate solution and the contact angle between Al（OH）3 particles and aluminate solution were measured, then the dependence of Al（OH）3 solubility on its particle size was calculated and thus the variation of the critical nucleus sizes was determined based on the Ostwald ripening formula. The results show that the Al（OH）3 solubility in sodium aluminate solution decreases with the increment of particle size, and the critical nucleus sizes increase with the rise of alkali concentration, caustic ratio and precipitation temperature. The results also imply that the presence of small particles in seeded precipitation system is an important factor to limit the depth of precipitation.展开更多
Heterointerfaces have been pivotal in unveiling extraordinary interfacial properties and enabling multifunctional material platforms.Despite extensive research on all-oxide interfaces,heterointerfaces between differen...Heterointerfaces have been pivotal in unveiling extraordinary interfacial properties and enabling multifunctional material platforms.Despite extensive research on all-oxide interfaces,heterointerfaces between different material classes,such as oxides and nitrides,remain underexplored.Here we present the fabrication of atomically sharp heterointerfaces between antiperovskite Ni_(3)InN and perovskite SrVO_(3).Leveraging layer-resolved scanning transmission electron microscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy,we identified pronounced charge transfer across the well-ordered interface.First-principles calculations confirmed our experimental observations and further predicted an emergent magnetic moment within the Ni_(3)InN layer due to the charge transfer.These findings pave the way for novel electronic and spintronic applications by enabling tunable interfacial properties in nitride/oxide systems.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51672288,21975273)Taishan Scholars Program of Shandong Province,Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy(DICP&QIBEBT No.UN201705)+1 种基金Scientific Research Cooperation Foundation of Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyQingdao Postdoctoral Application Research Project(Project 2018183,2018186)。
文摘We report a simple and effective method to realize desirable interfacial property for inverted planar perovskite solar cells(PSCs)by using small molecule ethanediamine for the construction of a novel polyelectrolyte hole transport material(P3CT-ED HTM).It is found that P3CT-ED can not only improve the hole transport property of P3CT-K but also improve the crystallinity of adjacent perovskite film.In addition,the introduction of ethanediamine into P3CT realigns the conduction and valence bands upwards,passivates surface defects and reduces nonradiative recombination.As a consequence,compared to P3CT-K hole transport layer(HTL)based devices,the average power conversion efficiency(PCE)is boosted from17.2% to 19.6% for the counterparts with P3CT-ED,with simultaneous enhancement in open circuit voltage and fill factor.The resultant device displays a champion PCE of 20.5% with negligible hysteresis.
基金supported by a grant from China railway corporation science and technology research and development plan project(Grant No.2017G005-B)funding support by Wuyi University’s Hong Kong and Macao Joint Research and Development Fund(Grants No.2021WGALH15)funding support by the Innovation and Technology Commission of Hong Kong SAR Government to the Hong Kong Branch of National Rail Transit Electrification and Automation Engineering Technology Research Center(Grant No.K-BBY1).
文摘The current technical standards primarily relied on experience to judge the interfacial bonding properties between the self-compacting concrete filling layer and the steam-cured concrete precast slab in CRTS Ⅲ slab ballastless track structure.This study sought to enhance technical standards for evaluating interfacial bonding properties by suggesting the use of the splitting tensile strength to evaluate the impact of bubble defects.Specimens were fabricated through on-site experiment.The percent of each area of 6 cm^(2)or more bubble defect was 0 in most of specimens.When the cumulative area of all bub-ble defects reached 12%,the splitting tensile strength value was 0.67 MPa,which exceeded the minimum required value of 0.5 MPa for ensuring bonding interface adhesion.Furthermore,when the cumulative area of all bubble defects reached 8%,the splitting tensile strength value was 0.85 MPa,which exceeded the minimum required value of 0.8 MPa,thereby over-coming the negative impact of each area of 10 cm^(2) or more bubble defect.Additionally,keeping the cumulative area of each area of 6 cm^(2) or more bubble defect below 6%ensured adequate bonding strength and reduced the occurrence of specimens with lower splitting tensile strength values.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.22002031)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (Grant No.LY18F010019)the Innovation Project in Hangzhou for Returned Scholar。
文摘The modulation of electrical properties of MoS_2 has attracted extensive research interest because of its potential applications in electronic and optoelectronic devices.Herein,interfacial charge transfer induced electronic property tuning of MoS_2 are investigated by in situ ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements.A downward band-bending of MoS_2-related electronic states along with the decreasing work function,which are induced by the electron transfer from Cs overlayers to MoS_2,is observed after the functionalization of MoS_2 with Cs,leading to n-type doping.Meanwhile,when MoS_2 is modified with 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane(F_4-TCNQ),an upward band-bending of MoS_2-related electronic states along with the increasing work function is observed at the interfaces.This is attributed to the electron depletion within MoS_2 due to the strong electron withdrawing property of F_4-TCNQ,indicating p-type doping of MoS_2.Our findings reveal that surface transfer doping is an effective approach for electronic property tuning of MoS_2 and paves the way to optimize its performance in electronic and optoelectronic devices.
基金Project(50675234)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Rapidly solidified Sn-9Zn-0.1Pr(/Nd) alloy foils were prepared by melt-spinning method. Through comparison, the effects of rapid solidification process and 0.1%Pr/Nd(mass fraction) addition on the microstructure, thermodynamic characteristic of Sn-9Zn solder alloy were analyzed. The tensile-shear tests were used to evaluate the mechanical properties of solder/Cu joints. The results show that the rapid solidification process can greatly refine the microstructure of Sn-9Zn-0.1Pr(/Nd) alloys. After rapid solidification, the effects of Pr/Nd addition on microstructure are depressed. The pasty range of the rapidly solidified Sn-Zn-RE solders is also reduced significantly. The mechanical properties of solder/Cu joints are obviously improved using the rapidly solidified Sn-9Zn-0.1Pr(/Nd) solder alloy, which results in the formation of uniform interface. The promotion effect of Nd addition in Sn-9Zn alloy on the interfacial reaction of solder/Cu joint is more remarkable than that of Pr.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21304097,21334007and 21674113)
文摘We use a Monte Carlo method to study the phase and interracial behaviors of A-b-B diblocks in a blend of homopolymers, A and B, which are confined between two asymmetric hard and impenetrable walls. Our results show that, when the interaction strength is weak, the block copolymers are uniformly distributed in the ternary mixtures under considered concentrations. Under strong interaction strength, distribution region of the block copolymers changes from a single smooth interface to a curved interface or multi-layer interface in the ternary mixtures. Furthermore, our findings show that with increasing volume fraction of A-b-B diblock copolymer （φc）, copolymer profiles broaden while φc ≥ 0.4, a lamellar phase is formed and by further increasing φc, more thinner layers are observed. Moreover, the results show that, with the increase of φc, the phase interface first gradually transforms from plane to a curved surface rather than micelle or lamellar phase while with the increase of the interaction between A and B segments （CAB）, the copolymer chains not only get stretched in the direction perpendicular to the interface, but also are oriented. The simulations also reveal that the difference between symmetric and asymmetric copolymers is negligible in statistics if the lengths of two blocks are comparable.
基金financially supported by the Fundamental Research Program (PNK7480) of the Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS)the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIP) (NRF2020M3H4A3105943)+1 种基金supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education (NRF2014R1A1A2059123)。
文摘This study shows that the mechanical strength of the composite of Fe matrix and titanium carbide(Ti C)ceramic particles is significantly enhanced with addition of molybdenum(Mo) atoms. Ti C reinforced Fe(Fe-0.2C-7Mn) composites with and without Mo were fabricated by a liquid pressing infiltration(LPI)process and the effect of Mo on interfacial properties of TiC–Fe composite was investigated using atomic probe tomography(APT) analysis, molecular dynamics(MD) simulations, first-principle density functional theory(DFT), and thermodynamic calculations. First, DFT calculations showed that total energies of the Mo-doped Ti C–Fe superlattices strongly depend on the position of Mo defects, and are minimized when the Mo atom is located at the TiC/Fe interface, supporting the probable formation of MoC-like interphase at the TiC/Fe interface region. Then, APT analysis confirmed the DFT predictions by finding that about6.5 wt.% Mo is incorporated in the Ti C–Fe(Mo) composite and that sub-micrometer thick(Ti,Mo)C interphase is indeed formed near the interface. The MD simulations show that Mo atoms migrate to the Mo-free TiC–Fe interface at elevated temperatures and the mechanical strength of the interface is considerably enhanced, which is in good agreement with experimental observations.
基金The financial support from National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1760202)Hunan Scientific Technology projects(2020WK2003)is greatly acknowledged.
文摘A comparison study on interfacial properties of a traditional fluorine-bearing(F-bearing)mold flux and a newly designed fluorine-free(F-free)mold flux to produce advanced high-strength steels(AHSSs)by compact strip production technology was conducted.The results showed that these two kinds of mold fluxes gradually spread out on the typical AHSS substrate when slags began to melt with the increase in heating temperature,and they had a good interfacial ability between the two mold fluxes and the AHSS substrate,and there was no other interfacial reaction except the oxidization of steel substrate by the mold fluxes.In comparison,the wettability of the designed F-free mold flux with the AHSS substrate was better than that of the F-bearing mold flux.The reason could be explained as the addition of B_(2)O_(3) would increase the complexity and polymerization degree of the melt structure and weaken the attractive force between the ions and ionic groups,then leading to a better wettability.Besides,B_(2)O_(3) is an effective flux,which can reduce the melting temperature obviously,and the surface tension of the liquid F-free mold flux would get reduced with the addition of B_(2)O_(3).
基金Supported by Key Scientific Research Projects of Anhui Province (No 05021026)
文摘The high performance liquid chromatography method (HPLC) with ethyl cellulose/cellulose acetate (EC/CA) blends and EC as column packing material, and small molecular weight compound as probe molecules was employed to measure the retention volume (VR) and equilibrium distribution coefficient (K) of both inorganic and organic solutes. The interfacial separation properties of EC/CA blends were characterized by the HPLC data. The effects of the blends on the interfacial adsorption properties, hydrophilicity, affinity, polar and non-polar parameters of EC membrane materials were studied subsequently. The research results indicate that the interfacial adsorption properties and hydrophilicity of EC have been improved by solution blending with CA. The alloys are superior to EC in the separation efficiency for non-dissociable polar organic solute. The EC/CA alloy (80:20, ω) is suitable for desalting and desaccharifying.
基金supported by the Chinese MIIT Special Research Plan on Civil Aircraft(No.MJ-2015-H-G-103)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51878223)
文摘To enhance the bonding properties between ramie fiber and epoxy resin,the ramie fiber was modified using nano-silica grafting.Hydrophilic nano-silica treated with water-soluble sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS)and organic silane coupling agents was grafted onto the surface of ramie fiber.The surface roughness of the fibers was considerably increased after grafting.The nano-silica particles on the fiber surface enhanced the mechanical and thermal properties of the fiber-epoxy composite plates.Based on an analysis of contact angle measurements and a water absorption study,it was determined that the hydrophilicity of the treated fiber was weakened.
基金the support of IMDEA Materials Institute of Spainsupported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Project Nos.52072303 and 51821091)。
文摘In this work,the microstructure,failure behavior and interfacial properties with respective to the interfacial domain in SiCf/BN/SiC and C_(f)/PyC/SiC composites were studied via the fiber push-in test.The differences in the mechanical response of the interfacial domain were observed.During the fiber push-in test for SiCf/BN/SiC,the interface debonding accompanied with interphase fracture occurred,resulting in an obvious sign of the onset of debonding on loading-displacement(P-u)curves.While the good continuity of P-u curves can be observed for Cf/PyC/SiC,which is due to that the failure is in the form of interface debonding along with interphase lateral slipping caused by the extension of buckled carbon fiber,without any interphase fracture.The interfacial properties calculated from the fiber push-in test show that Cf/PyC/SiC possesses a weaker interfacial domain compared with SiC_(f)/BN/SiC.The interfacial shear stress of SiCf/BN/SiC and C_(f)/PyC/SiC composites amounts 94.2 and 48.1 MPa,respectively.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Nat-ural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52072193 and U22A20131)the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(Grant Nos.ZR2021JQ16 and ZR2019YQ19)+2 种基金the Project of Shan-dong Province Higher Educational Science and Technology Program(Grant No.2019KJA026)the State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials(Grant No.KF2217)the Science Fund of Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing(Grant No.AMGM2021F11).
文摘The interfacial property of carbon fiber(CF)reinforced composites is crucial to facilitate the application of high-strength composites.Utilizing the electrostatic and hydrogen bond properties of diazo resin,carbon nanotubes(CNTs)and graphene oxide(GO)could be quickly grafted onto the surface of the CF via the layer-by-layer self-assembly technique.The results showed that CNTs and GO were uniformly coated onto the CF surface,and the chemical activity and roughness of the modified CF surface were improved signif-icantly.The modified CF surface can significantly augment the interaction between the epoxy resin and the fiber.Remarkably,due to the good interfacial property,the impact performance of the composites re-inforced with the nanomaterial-modified CF was improved obviously.In addition,the interface properties of the composites are studied in depth.This method is expected to achieve rapid surface modification of carbon fiber.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (50333030)
文摘Effect of rare earth treatment on surface physicochemical properties of carbon fibers and interfacial properties of carbon fiber/epoxy composites was investigated, and the interfacial adhesion mechanism of treated carbon fiber/epoxy composite was analyzed. It was found that rare earth treatment led to an increase of fiber surface roughness, improvement of oxygeaa-containing groups, and introduction of rare earth element on the carbon fiber surface. As a result, coordination linkages between fibers and rare earth, and between rare earth and resin matrix were formed separately, thereby the interlaminar shear strength （ILSS） of composites increased, which indicated the improvement of the interfacial adhesion between fibers and matrix resin resulting from the increase of carboxyl and carbonyl.
基金Project supported by the National Basic Research Program of China （Grant No. 201 ICBA00602） and the National Science and Technology Major Project, China （Grant No. 2011 ZX02708-002）.
文摘Interfacial and electrical properties of HfAlO/GaSb metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitors(MOSCAPs) with sulfur passivation were investigated and the chemical mechanisms of the sulfur passivation process were carefully studied. It was shown that the sulfur passivation treatment could reduce the interface trap density Ditof the HfAlO/GaSb interface by 35% and reduce the equivalent oxide thickness(EOT) from 8 nm to 4 nm. The improved properties are due to the removal of the native oxide layer, as was proven by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements and high-resolution cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy(HRXTEM) results. It was also found that GaSb-based MOSCAPs with HfAlO gate dielectrics have interfacial properties superior to those using HfO2 or Al2O3 dielectric layers.
基金by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51673016)the Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft matter Science and Engineering.
文摘It is a challenge to identify each phase in a multi-component polymer system and uniquely determine the interfacial properties between the different phases.Using atomic force microscopy nanomechanical mapping(AFM-NM)and AFM-based infrared spectroscopy(AFM-IR),we identify each phase,visualize structural developments,and determine the interfacial properties in a blend of three polymers:high-density polyethylene(HDPE),polyamide(PA6)and poly(styrene-b-ethylene-co-butylene-b-styrene)(SEBS).Each phase can be identified from the Young’s modulus,along with the structural development within the phases before and after compatibilization.The interfacial widths between HDPE/PA6,HDPE/SEBS and SEBS/PA6 were determined independently in one measurement from a Young’s modulus map.The structural,mechanical property development and identity of the phases were determined by AFM-NM,while AFM-IR,providing complementary chemical information,identified interfacial reactions,showed the chemical affinity of a compatibilizer with the component phases,and mapped the distribution of the compatibilizer in the ternary polymer blends.The chemical,structural and interfacial information obtained by these measurements provide information that is essential for producing mechanically robust materials from incompatible mixtures of polymers.
文摘In this paper, effects of pH on the interfacial properties of heavy crude functional fractions and water system are investigated. The influence of pH on π-A isotherms of acid fraction, basic fraction, amphoteric fraction and asphaltene is great. The interfacial pressure of fractions increases in strongly basic conditions. The ζ (-80mv) of acid fraction is the largest under basic conditions (pH=11-12), with the result to show that the interfacial activity of the acid fraction is superior to that of other fractions. The results of model emulsions show that strongly basic conolition (pH≥11) is beneficial to oil-in- water emulsion stability. The interfacial activity of acid fraction and asphaltene is superior to that of other crude fractions.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2017YFB0308900)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51574125)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(No.50321101917017)the Research Program of State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering.
文摘Waste cooking oils and non-edible vegetable oils are abundant and renewable resources for bio-based materials which have showed great potential applications in many industries.In this study,five fatty acids commonly found in non-edible vegetable oils,including palmitic acid,stearic acid,linoleic acid,linolenic acid,ricinoleic acid,and their mixtures,were used to produce bio-based zwitterionic surfactants through a facile and high-yield chemical modification.These surfactants demonstrated excellent surface/interfacial properties with the minimum surface tensions ranging from 28.4 mN/m to 32.8 mN/m in aqueous solutions.The interfacial tensions between crude oil and surfactant solutions were remarkably reduced to lower values ranging from 0.0028 mN/m to 0.1983 mN/m without the aid of extra alkali,which particularly implied a great potential application in enhanced oil recovery.Meanwhile,these bio-based surfactants also showed good wetting properties(contact angles of~51°comparing with that of double distilled water,92.04°)and appropriate predicted biodegradability(degradation order of“weeks”for bio-based surfactants synthesized from saturated fatty acids,and“months”for those synthesized from unsaturated fatty acids).Bio-based surfactants synthesized from unsaturated fatty acids showed better interfacial properties in reducing interfacial tension between crude oil and formation water.The bio-based surfactants presented in this study are alternative substitutes for traditional petroleum-based surfactants in various surfactant application fields.
文摘Methods capable of tuning the properties of van der Waals(vdW)layered materials in a controlled and reversible manner are highly desirable.Interfacial electronic properties of two-dimensional vdW heterostructure consisting of silicene and indium selenide(InSe)have been calculated using density functional theory-based computational code.Furthermore,in order to vary the aforementioned properties,silicene is slid over a InSe layer in the presence of Li intercalation.On intercalation of the heterostructure,the buckling parameter associated with the corrugation of silicene decreases from 0.44A to 0.36A,whereas the InSe structure remains unaffected.Potential energy scans reveal a significant increase in the sliding energy barrier for the case of intercalated heterostructure as compared with the unintercalated heterostructure.The sliding of the silicene encounters the maximum energy barrier of 0.14 eV.Anisotropic analysis shows the noteworthy differences between calculated in-plane and out-of-plane part of dielectric function.A variation of the planar average charge density difference,dipole charge transfer and dipole moment have been discussed to elucidate the usability spectrum of the heterostructure.The employed approach based on intercalation and layer sliding can be effectively utilized for obtaining next-generation multifunctional devices.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 61176100,61274112 and 61404055
文摘The ZrTiON gate-dielectric GaAs metal-oxide-semiconductor （MOS） capacitors with or without ZrAION as the interfacial passivation layer （IPL） are fabricated and their properties are investigated. The experimental results show that the GaAs MOS capacitor with the ZrAION IPL exhibits better interracial and electrical properties, including lower interface-state density （1.14 × 10^12 cm^-2eV^-1）, smaller gate leakage current （6.82 × 10^-5 A//cm^2 at Vfb ＋1V）, smaller capacitance equivalent thickness （1.5 nm）, and larger k value （26）. The involved mechanisms lie in the fact that the ZrAION IPL can effectively block the diffusion of Ti and O towards the GaAs surface, thus suppressing the formation of interracial Ga-/As-oxides and As-As dimers, which leads to improved interracial and electrical properties for the devices.
基金Project(51274242)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Surface tension of sodium aluminate solution and the contact angle between Al（OH）3 particles and aluminate solution were measured, then the dependence of Al（OH）3 solubility on its particle size was calculated and thus the variation of the critical nucleus sizes was determined based on the Ostwald ripening formula. The results show that the Al（OH）3 solubility in sodium aluminate solution decreases with the increment of particle size, and the critical nucleus sizes increase with the rise of alkali concentration, caustic ratio and precipitation temperature. The results also imply that the presence of small particles in seeded precipitation system is an important factor to limit the depth of precipitation.
基金supported by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.JQ24002)the National Key Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2020YFA0309100)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U22A20263,52250308,12304158,12325401,12274069,12404102,and 12474096)the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(Grant No.YSBR-084)the CAS Youth Interdisciplinary Team,the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant No.2022B1515120014)the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Neutron Scattering Science and Technology,and the International Young Scientist Fellowship of Institute of Physics,CAS.
文摘Heterointerfaces have been pivotal in unveiling extraordinary interfacial properties and enabling multifunctional material platforms.Despite extensive research on all-oxide interfaces,heterointerfaces between different material classes,such as oxides and nitrides,remain underexplored.Here we present the fabrication of atomically sharp heterointerfaces between antiperovskite Ni_(3)InN and perovskite SrVO_(3).Leveraging layer-resolved scanning transmission electron microscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy,we identified pronounced charge transfer across the well-ordered interface.First-principles calculations confirmed our experimental observations and further predicted an emergent magnetic moment within the Ni_(3)InN layer due to the charge transfer.These findings pave the way for novel electronic and spintronic applications by enabling tunable interfacial properties in nitride/oxide systems.
