Interactions involving chemical reagents,solid particles,gas bubbles,liquid droplets,and solid surfaces in complex fluids play a vital role in many engineering processes,such as froth flotation,emulsion and foam forma...Interactions involving chemical reagents,solid particles,gas bubbles,liquid droplets,and solid surfaces in complex fluids play a vital role in many engineering processes,such as froth flotation,emulsion and foam formation,adsorption,and fouling and anti-fouling phenomena.These interactions at the molecular,nano-,and micro scale significantly influence and determine the macroscopic performance and efficiency of related engineering processes.Understanding the intermolecular and surface interactions in engineering processes is of both fundamental and practical importance,which not only improves production technologies,but also provides valuable insights into the development of new materials.In this review,the typical intermolecular and surface interactions involved in various engineering processes,including Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek(DLVO)interactions(i.e.,van der Waals and electrical doublelayer interactions)and non-DLVO interactions,such as steric and hydrophobic interactions,are first introduced.Nanomechanical techniques such as atomic force microscopy and surface forces apparatus for quantifying the interaction forces of molecules and surfaces in complex fluids are briefly introduced.Our recent progress on characterizing the intermolecular and surface interactions in several engineering systems are reviewed,including mineral flotation,petroleum engineering,wastewater treatment,and energy storage materials.The correlation of these fundamental interaction mechanisms with practical applications in resolving engineering challenges and the perspectives of the research field have also been discussed.展开更多
Purpose： First, to review the state-of-the-art in patent citation analysis, particularly characteristics of patent citations to scientific literature （scientific non-patent references, SNPRs）. Second, to present a ...Purpose： First, to review the state-of-the-art in patent citation analysis, particularly characteristics of patent citations to scientific literature （scientific non-patent references, SNPRs）. Second, to present a novel mapping approach to identify technology-relevant research based on the papers cited by and referring to the SNPRs. Design/methodology/approach： In the review part we discuss the context of SNPRs such as the time lags between scientific achievements and inventions. Also patent-to-patent citation is addressed particularly because this type of patent citation analysis is a major element in the assessment of the economic value of patents. We also review the research on the role of universities and researchers in technological development, with important issues such as universities as sources of technological knowledge and inventor-author relations. We conclude the review part of this paper with an overview of recent research on mapping and network analysis of the science and technology interface and of technological progress in interaction with science. In the second part we apply new techniques for the direct visualization of the cited and citing relations of SNPRs, the mapping of the landscape around SNPRs by bibliographic coupling and co-citation analysis, and the mapping of the conceptual environment of SNPRs by keyword co-occurrence analysis. Findings： We discuss several properties of SNPRs. Only a small minority of publications covered by the Web of Science or Scopus are cited by patents, about 3%-4%. However, for publications based on university-industry collaboration the number of SNPRs is considerably higher, around 15%. The proposed mapping methodology based on a ＂second order SNPR approach＂ enables a better assessment of the technological relevance of research. Research limitations： The main limitation is that a more advanced merging of patent and publication data, in particular unification of author and inventor names, in still a necessity. Practical implications： The proposed mapping methodology enables the creation of a database of technology-relevant papers （TRPs）. In a bibliometric assessment the publications of research groups, research programs or institutes can be matched with the TRPs and thus the extent to which the work of groups, programs or institutes are relevant for technological development can be measured. Originality/value： The review part examines a wide range of findings in the research of patent citation analysis. The mapping approach to identify a broad range of technologyrelevant papers is novel and offers new opportunities in research evaluation practices.展开更多
Optical properties of silver nanoparticles such as extinction, absorption and scattering efficiencies are studied based on Green＇s function theory. The numerical simulation results show that optical properties of sil...Optical properties of silver nanoparticles such as extinction, absorption and scattering efficiencies are studied based on Green＇s function theory. The numerical simulation results show that optical properties of silver nanoparticles are mainly dependent on their sizes and geometries; the localized plasmon resonance peak is red shifted when the dielectric constant of the particle＇s surrounding medium increases or when a substrate is presented. The influences of wave polarizations, the incident angles of light, the composite silver and multiply-layers on the plasmon resonance are also reported. The numerical simulation of optical spectra is a very useful tool for nanoparticle growth and characterization.展开更多
By means of the slave-boson mean-field approximation, we theoretically investigate the Kondo and Coulomb interaction effects in spin-polarized transport through two coupled quantum dots coupled to two ferromagnetic le...By means of the slave-boson mean-field approximation, we theoretically investigate the Kondo and Coulomb interaction effects in spin-polarized transport through two coupled quantum dots coupled to two ferromagnetic leads by the Anderson Hamiltonian. The density of states is calculated in the Kondo regime for the effect of the interdot Coulomb repulsion with both parallel and antiparallel lead-polarization alignments. Our results reveal that the interdot Coulomb interaction between quantum dots greatly influence the density of states of the dots.展开更多
We investigate the transport properties of T-shaped junctions composed of armchair graphene nanoribbons of different widths. Three types of junction geometries are considered. The junction conductance strongly depends...We investigate the transport properties of T-shaped junctions composed of armchair graphene nanoribbons of different widths. Three types of junction geometries are considered. The junction conductance strongly depends on the atomic features of the junction geometry. When the shoulders of the junction have zigzag type edges, sharp conductance resonances usually appear in the low energy region around the Dirac point, and a conductance gap emerges. When the shoulders of the junction have armchair type edges, the conductance resonance behavior is weakened significantly, and the metal-metal-metal junction structures show semimetallic behaviors. The contact resistance also changes notably due to the various interface geometries of the junction.展开更多
Detection of the second harmonic response of magnetic nanostructures to an ac current is shown to be a very sensitive probe of the magnetization reversal process. A temperature oscillation is obtained by Joule heating...Detection of the second harmonic response of magnetic nanostructures to an ac current is shown to be a very sensitive probe of the magnetization reversal process. A temperature oscillation is obtained by Joule heating instead of using a laser as the heat source, as in thermo-galvanic voltage measurements （TGV）. Joule heating is used to produce a large local temperature gradient in asymmetric Co/Cu/Co spin valves. Evidence is found for an effect of a heat current on magnetization.展开更多
An entanglement purification protocol for mixed entangled states is presented via double quantum dot molecules inside a superconducing transmission line resonator （TLR）. In the current scenario, coupling for arbitra...An entanglement purification protocol for mixed entangled states is presented via double quantum dot molecules inside a superconducing transmission line resonator （TLR）. In the current scenario, coupling for arbitrary double quantum dot molecules can be tuned via the TLR in the large detuning region by controlling the qubit level splitting. The TLR is always empty and only virtually excited, so the interaction is insensitive to both the TLR decay and thermal field. Discussion about the feasibility of our scheme shows that the entanglement purification can be implemented with high fidelity and successful probability.展开更多
We report the characterization of self-assembled epitaxially grown transition metal, Fe, Co, Ni, silicide nanowires （TM-NW） growth and electrical transport properties. NWs grown by reactive deposition epitaxy on var...We report the characterization of self-assembled epitaxially grown transition metal, Fe, Co, Ni, silicide nanowires （TM-NW） growth and electrical transport properties. NWs grown by reactive deposition epitaxy on various silicon surfaces show a dimension of 10nm by 5nm, and several micrometers in length. NW orientations strongly depend on substrate crystal orientation, and follow the substrate symmetry. By using conductive-AFM （c-AFM）, the electron transport properties of one single NW were measured, the resistivity of crystalline nickel silicide NW was estimated to be 2×10-2Ω＆#12539;cm.展开更多
We investigate theoretically the population dynamics and the second-order correlation functions of photon emissions from the biexciton-exciton system of a single quantum dot with excitation from pulses to continuous w...We investigate theoretically the population dynamics and the second-order correlation functions of photon emissions from the biexciton-exciton system of a single quantum dot with excitation from pulses to continuous wave. The dynamic equations of the correlation functions are deduced by applying quantum regression theorem to optical Bloch equations. The influences of excitation pulse width on the correlation function have been discussed in detail.展开更多
Optical properties of zinc-blende InGaN/GaN Q W structures are investigated using the multiband effective-mass theory. The transition wavelength values at 300 K ranged from 440 to 570nm in the investigated range of th...Optical properties of zinc-blende InGaN/GaN Q W structures are investigated using the multiband effective-mass theory. The transition wavelength values at 300 K ranged from 440 to 570nm in the investigated range of the In composition and the well width. The theoretical wavelengths show reasonable agreement with the experimental results. The optical gain decreases with the increasing well width. This is mainly due to the reduction in the quasi-Fermi-level separation because the optical matrix element increases with the well width.展开更多
We report a new method for large-scale production of GaMnN nanobars, by ammoniating Ga2O3 films doped with Mn under flowing ammonia atmosphere at 1000oC. The Mn-doped GaN sword-like nanobars are a single-crystal hexag...We report a new method for large-scale production of GaMnN nanobars, by ammoniating Ga2O3 films doped with Mn under flowing ammonia atmosphere at 1000oC. The Mn-doped GaN sword-like nanobars are a single-crystal hexagonal structure, containing Mn up to 5.43 atom%. Thickness is about 100 nm and with a width of 200-400 nm. The nanobars are characterized by x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and photoluminescence. The GaN nanobars show two emission bands with a well-defined PL peak at 388 nm and 409 nm respectively. The large distinct redshift （409 nm） are comparable to pure GaN（370 nm） at room temperature. The red-shift photoluminescence is due to Mn doping. The growth mechanism of crystalline GaN nanobars is discussed briefly.展开更多
By using polarization-resolved photoluminescence spectra, we study the electron spin relaxation in single InAs quantum dots （QDs） with the configuration of positively charged excitons X＋ （one electron, two holes）...By using polarization-resolved photoluminescence spectra, we study the electron spin relaxation in single InAs quantum dots （QDs） with the configuration of positively charged excitons X＋ （one electron, two holes）. The spin relaxation rate of the hot electrons increases with the increasing energy of exciting photons. For electrons localized in QDs the spin relaxation is induced by hyperfine interaction with the nuclei. A rapid decrease of polarization degree with increasing temperature suggests that the spin relaxation mechanisms are mainly changed from the hyperfine interaction with nuclei into an electron-hole exchange interaction.展开更多
We investigate the temperature dependence of photoluminescence （PL） and time-resolved PL on the metamorphic InGaAs quantum wells （QWs） with an emission wavelength of 1.55μm at room temperature. Time-resolved PL m...We investigate the temperature dependence of photoluminescence （PL） and time-resolved PL on the metamorphic InGaAs quantum wells （QWs） with an emission wavelength of 1.55μm at room temperature. Time-resolved PL measurements reveal that the optical properties can be partly improved by introducing antimony （Sb） as a surfactant during the sample growth. The temperature dependence of the radiative lifetime is measured, showing that for QWs grown with Sb assistance, the intrinsic exciton emission is dominated when the temperature is below 60K, while the nonradiative process becomes activated with further increases in temperature. However, without Sb assistance, the nonradiative centers are activated when the temperature is higher than 20 K.展开更多
We obtain low-density charged InAs quantum dots with an emission wavelength below 1μm using a low InAs growth rate. The quantum dots have a bimodal size distribution with an emission wavelength of around 1340nm and 1...We obtain low-density charged InAs quantum dots with an emission wavelength below 1μm using a low InAs growth rate. The quantum dots have a bimodal size distribution with an emission wavelength of around 1340nm and 1000nm, respectively. We observe the photoluminescence of the singly charged exciton in the modulation doped quantum dots in 77K.展开更多
We report the chemical self-assembly growth of Au nanocrystals on atomic-layer-deposited HfO2 films aminosilanized by （3-Aminopropyl）-trimethoxysilane aforehand for memory applications. The resulting Au nanocrystals...We report the chemical self-assembly growth of Au nanocrystals on atomic-layer-deposited HfO2 films aminosilanized by （3-Aminopropyl）-trimethoxysilane aforehand for memory applications. The resulting Au nanocrystals show a density of about 4 × 10^11 cm^-2 and a diameter range of 5-8nm. The metal-oxide-silicon capacitor with double-layer Au nanocrystals embedded in HfO2 dielectric exhibits a large C - V hysteresis window of 11.9 V for ±11 V gate voltage sweeps at 1MHz, a flat-band voltage shift of 1.5 V after the electrical stress under 7 V for 1ms, a leakage current density of 2.9 × 10^-8 A/cm^-2 at 9 V and room temperature. Compared to single-layer Au nanocrystals, the double-layer Au nanocrystals increase the hysteresis window significantly, and the underlying mechanism is thus discussed.展开更多
The maximum refrigeration power dependence on the doping density in the p-BaTiO3/BaTiO3/SrTiO3/BaTiO3/ n-BaTiO3 system and in the p-AlGaAs/AlGaAs/GaAs/AlGaAs/n-AlGaAs system is obtained respectively based on the opto-...The maximum refrigeration power dependence on the doping density in the p-BaTiO3/BaTiO3/SrTiO3/BaTiO3/ n-BaTiO3 system and in the p-AlGaAs/AlGaAs/GaAs/AlGaAs/n-AlGaAs system is obtained respectively based on the opto-thermionic refrigeration model. The results show that the maximum refrigeration power in the p-BaTiO3/BaTiO3/SrTiO3/BaTiO3/n-BaTiO3 system increases dramatically with the increase of doping density from 1.0×1018 cm-3 to 5.0×1019 cm-3 while that in the p-AlGaAs/AlGaAs/GaAs/AlGaAs/n-AlGaAs system is nearly a constant. It is found that the different Auger coefficients and the competition between radiative power and dissipation power lead to the different behavior of the maximum refrigeration power dependence on the doping density of the two systems.展开更多
We theoretically design a single-mode plasmonic ring nanocavity. Based on the plasmonic cavity, the exciton dynamics between two identical quantum dots （QD-p, QD-q） coupled to the nanocavity are investigated. It is ...We theoretically design a single-mode plasmonic ring nanocavity. Based on the plasmonic cavity, the exciton dynamics between two identical quantum dots （QD-p, QD-q） coupled to the nanocavity are investigated. It is shown that the coupling factors gi （i = p, q） between QD-i and surface plasmons are both equal to 12.53meV in our model and exeiton population swap between the two QDs can be realized. The periods and amplitudes of population oscillations can be modified by the coupling factors. Our results may have potential applications in quantum information and quantum computation on a chip.展开更多
Porosity as one of the crucial factors to film morphology affects the overall electrical current-voltage characteristics of dye-sensitized solar cell （DSC）. We search for the short-circuit current density, the open-...Porosity as one of the crucial factors to film morphology affects the overall electrical current-voltage characteristics of dye-sensitized solar cell （DSC）. We search for the short-circuit current density, the open-circuit voltage and the maximum power output as the main functional parameters of DSC closely related to porosity under different film thickness. The theoretical analyses show some exciting results. As porosity changes from 0.41 to 0.75, the short-circuit current density shows the optimal value when the film thickness is 8-10 μm. The open-circuit voltage presents different variation tendencies for the film thicknesses within 1-8 μm and within 10-30 μm. The porosity is near 0.41 and the film thickness is about 10 μm, DSC will have the maximum power output. The theoretical studies also illustrate that given a good porosity distribution, DSC can obtain an excellent short-circuit current characteristic, which agrees well with the experimental results reported in previous literature.展开更多
The polarizabilities of DNA in transverse direction and CdSe semiconductor quantum dots （QDs） deposited on mica surface are compared by means of electrostatic force microscopy （EFM）. We observe clear EFM-phase shi...The polarizabilities of DNA in transverse direction and CdSe semiconductor quantum dots （QDs） deposited on mica surface are compared by means of electrostatic force microscopy （EFM）. We observe clear EFM-phase shift over CdSe QDs, while no obvious signal on DNA is detected, suggesting that DNA molecules is an electrical insulator.展开更多
文摘Interactions involving chemical reagents,solid particles,gas bubbles,liquid droplets,and solid surfaces in complex fluids play a vital role in many engineering processes,such as froth flotation,emulsion and foam formation,adsorption,and fouling and anti-fouling phenomena.These interactions at the molecular,nano-,and micro scale significantly influence and determine the macroscopic performance and efficiency of related engineering processes.Understanding the intermolecular and surface interactions in engineering processes is of both fundamental and practical importance,which not only improves production technologies,but also provides valuable insights into the development of new materials.In this review,the typical intermolecular and surface interactions involved in various engineering processes,including Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek(DLVO)interactions(i.e.,van der Waals and electrical doublelayer interactions)and non-DLVO interactions,such as steric and hydrophobic interactions,are first introduced.Nanomechanical techniques such as atomic force microscopy and surface forces apparatus for quantifying the interaction forces of molecules and surfaces in complex fluids are briefly introduced.Our recent progress on characterizing the intermolecular and surface interactions in several engineering systems are reviewed,including mineral flotation,petroleum engineering,wastewater treatment,and energy storage materials.The correlation of these fundamental interaction mechanisms with practical applications in resolving engineering challenges and the perspectives of the research field have also been discussed.
文摘Purpose： First, to review the state-of-the-art in patent citation analysis, particularly characteristics of patent citations to scientific literature （scientific non-patent references, SNPRs）. Second, to present a novel mapping approach to identify technology-relevant research based on the papers cited by and referring to the SNPRs. Design/methodology/approach： In the review part we discuss the context of SNPRs such as the time lags between scientific achievements and inventions. Also patent-to-patent citation is addressed particularly because this type of patent citation analysis is a major element in the assessment of the economic value of patents. We also review the research on the role of universities and researchers in technological development, with important issues such as universities as sources of technological knowledge and inventor-author relations. We conclude the review part of this paper with an overview of recent research on mapping and network analysis of the science and technology interface and of technological progress in interaction with science. In the second part we apply new techniques for the direct visualization of the cited and citing relations of SNPRs, the mapping of the landscape around SNPRs by bibliographic coupling and co-citation analysis, and the mapping of the conceptual environment of SNPRs by keyword co-occurrence analysis. Findings： We discuss several properties of SNPRs. Only a small minority of publications covered by the Web of Science or Scopus are cited by patents, about 3%-4%. However, for publications based on university-industry collaboration the number of SNPRs is considerably higher, around 15%. The proposed mapping methodology based on a ＂second order SNPR approach＂ enables a better assessment of the technological relevance of research. Research limitations： The main limitation is that a more advanced merging of patent and publication data, in particular unification of author and inventor names, in still a necessity. Practical implications： The proposed mapping methodology enables the creation of a database of technology-relevant papers （TRPs）. In a bibliometric assessment the publications of research groups, research programs or institutes can be matched with the TRPs and thus the extent to which the work of groups, programs or institutes are relevant for technological development can be measured. Originality/value： The review part examines a wide range of findings in the research of patent citation analysis. The mapping approach to identify a broad range of technologyrelevant papers is novel and offers new opportunities in research evaluation practices.
文摘Optical properties of silver nanoparticles such as extinction, absorption and scattering efficiencies are studied based on Green＇s function theory. The numerical simulation results show that optical properties of silver nanoparticles are mainly dependent on their sizes and geometries; the localized plasmon resonance peak is red shifted when the dielectric constant of the particle＇s surrounding medium increases or when a substrate is presented. The influences of wave polarizations, the incident angles of light, the composite silver and multiply-layers on the plasmon resonance are also reported. The numerical simulation of optical spectra is a very useful tool for nanoparticle growth and characterization.
文摘By means of the slave-boson mean-field approximation, we theoretically investigate the Kondo and Coulomb interaction effects in spin-polarized transport through two coupled quantum dots coupled to two ferromagnetic leads by the Anderson Hamiltonian. The density of states is calculated in the Kondo regime for the effect of the interdot Coulomb repulsion with both parallel and antiparallel lead-polarization alignments. Our results reveal that the interdot Coulomb interaction between quantum dots greatly influence the density of states of the dots.
基金Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 10804058, the Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo under Grant No 2009A610017, and the K. C. Wong Magna Fund in Ningbo University.
文摘We investigate the transport properties of T-shaped junctions composed of armchair graphene nanoribbons of different widths. Three types of junction geometries are considered. The junction conductance strongly depends on the atomic features of the junction geometry. When the shoulders of the junction have zigzag type edges, sharp conductance resonances usually appear in the low energy region around the Dirac point, and a conductance gap emerges. When the shoulders of the junction have armchair type edges, the conductance resonance behavior is weakened significantly, and the metal-metal-metal junction structures show semimetallic behaviors. The contact resistance also changes notably due to the various interface geometries of the junction.
文摘Detection of the second harmonic response of magnetic nanostructures to an ac current is shown to be a very sensitive probe of the magnetization reversal process. A temperature oscillation is obtained by Joule heating instead of using a laser as the heat source, as in thermo-galvanic voltage measurements （TGV）. Joule heating is used to produce a large local temperature gradient in asymmetric Co/Cu/Co spin valves. Evidence is found for an effect of a heat current on magnetization.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 60678022 and 10704001, the Specialized Research Pund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education under Grant No 20060357008, the Key Program of the Education Department of Anhui Province under Grant Nos KJ2009A048Z, the Talent Project of the Anhui Province for Outstanding Youth under Grant Nos 2010SQRL153ZD and 2010SQRL187.
文摘An entanglement purification protocol for mixed entangled states is presented via double quantum dot molecules inside a superconducing transmission line resonator （TLR）. In the current scenario, coupling for arbitrary double quantum dot molecules can be tuned via the TLR in the large detuning region by controlling the qubit level splitting. The TLR is always empty and only virtually excited, so the interaction is insensitive to both the TLR decay and thermal field. Discussion about the feasibility of our scheme shows that the entanglement purification can be implemented with high fidelity and successful probability.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 10874016.
文摘We report the characterization of self-assembled epitaxially grown transition metal, Fe, Co, Ni, silicide nanowires （TM-NW） growth and electrical transport properties. NWs grown by reactive deposition epitaxy on various silicon surfaces show a dimension of 10nm by 5nm, and several micrometers in length. NW orientations strongly depend on substrate crystal orientation, and follow the substrate symmetry. By using conductive-AFM （c-AFM）, the electron transport properties of one single NW were measured, the resistivity of crystalline nickel silicide NW was estimated to be 2×10-2Ω＆#12539;cm.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 10534030 and 10874134, the National Basic Research Program of China under Grant No 2006CB921504, and the Key Project of Ministry of Education （708063）.
文摘We investigate theoretically the population dynamics and the second-order correlation functions of photon emissions from the biexciton-exciton system of a single quantum dot with excitation from pulses to continuous wave. The dynamic equations of the correlation functions are deduced by applying quantum regression theorem to optical Bloch equations. The influences of excitation pulse width on the correlation function have been discussed in detail.
文摘Optical properties of zinc-blende InGaN/GaN Q W structures are investigated using the multiband effective-mass theory. The transition wavelength values at 300 K ranged from 440 to 570nm in the investigated range of the In composition and the well width. The theoretical wavelengths show reasonable agreement with the experimental results. The optical gain decreases with the increasing well width. This is mainly due to the reduction in the quasi-Fermi-level separation because the optical matrix element increases with the well width.
基金Supported by the Key Research Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 90201025 and 90301002.
文摘We report a new method for large-scale production of GaMnN nanobars, by ammoniating Ga2O3 films doped with Mn under flowing ammonia atmosphere at 1000oC. The Mn-doped GaN sword-like nanobars are a single-crystal hexagonal structure, containing Mn up to 5.43 atom%. Thickness is about 100 nm and with a width of 200-400 nm. The nanobars are characterized by x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and photoluminescence. The GaN nanobars show two emission bands with a well-defined PL peak at 388 nm and 409 nm respectively. The large distinct redshift （409 nm） are comparable to pure GaN（370 nm） at room temperature. The red-shift photoluminescence is due to Mn doping. The growth mechanism of crystalline GaN nanobars is discussed briefly.
文摘By using polarization-resolved photoluminescence spectra, we study the electron spin relaxation in single InAs quantum dots （QDs） with the configuration of positively charged excitons X＋ （one electron, two holes）. The spin relaxation rate of the hot electrons increases with the increasing energy of exciting photons. For electrons localized in QDs the spin relaxation is induced by hyperfine interaction with the nuclei. A rapid decrease of polarization degree with increasing temperature suggests that the spin relaxation mechanisms are mainly changed from the hyperfine interaction with nuclei into an electron-hole exchange interaction.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 60676054.
文摘We investigate the temperature dependence of photoluminescence （PL） and time-resolved PL on the metamorphic InGaAs quantum wells （QWs） with an emission wavelength of 1.55μm at room temperature. Time-resolved PL measurements reveal that the optical properties can be partly improved by introducing antimony （Sb） as a surfactant during the sample growth. The temperature dependence of the radiative lifetime is measured, showing that for QWs grown with Sb assistance, the intrinsic exciton emission is dominated when the temperature is below 60K, while the nonradiative process becomes activated with further increases in temperature. However, without Sb assistance, the nonradiative centers are activated when the temperature is higher than 20 K.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 60625405 and 10734060, and the National Basic Research Program of China under Grant No 2006CB921504.
文摘We obtain low-density charged InAs quantum dots with an emission wavelength below 1μm using a low InAs growth rate. The quantum dots have a bimodal size distribution with an emission wavelength of around 1340nm and 1000nm, respectively. We observe the photoluminescence of the singly charged exciton in the modulation doped quantum dots in 77K.
文摘We report the chemical self-assembly growth of Au nanocrystals on atomic-layer-deposited HfO2 films aminosilanized by （3-Aminopropyl）-trimethoxysilane aforehand for memory applications. The resulting Au nanocrystals show a density of about 4 × 10^11 cm^-2 and a diameter range of 5-8nm. The metal-oxide-silicon capacitor with double-layer Au nanocrystals embedded in HfO2 dielectric exhibits a large C - V hysteresis window of 11.9 V for ±11 V gate voltage sweeps at 1MHz, a flat-band voltage shift of 1.5 V after the electrical stress under 7 V for 1ms, a leakage current density of 2.9 × 10^-8 A/cm^-2 at 9 V and room temperature. Compared to single-layer Au nanocrystals, the double-layer Au nanocrystals increase the hysteresis window significantly, and the underlying mechanism is thus discussed.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the National Basic Research Program of China
文摘The maximum refrigeration power dependence on the doping density in the p-BaTiO3/BaTiO3/SrTiO3/BaTiO3/ n-BaTiO3 system and in the p-AlGaAs/AlGaAs/GaAs/AlGaAs/n-AlGaAs system is obtained respectively based on the opto-thermionic refrigeration model. The results show that the maximum refrigeration power in the p-BaTiO3/BaTiO3/SrTiO3/BaTiO3/n-BaTiO3 system increases dramatically with the increase of doping density from 1.0×1018 cm-3 to 5.0×1019 cm-3 while that in the p-AlGaAs/AlGaAs/GaAs/AlGaAs/n-AlGaAs system is nearly a constant. It is found that the different Auger coefficients and the competition between radiative power and dissipation power lead to the different behavior of the maximum refrigeration power dependence on the doping density of the two systems.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 10534030 and 10874134, the National Basic Research Program of China under Grant No 2006CB921504, and Key Project of Ministry of Education of China under Grant No 708063.
文摘We theoretically design a single-mode plasmonic ring nanocavity. Based on the plasmonic cavity, the exciton dynamics between two identical quantum dots （QD-p, QD-q） coupled to the nanocavity are investigated. It is shown that the coupling factors gi （i = p, q） between QD-i and surface plasmons are both equal to 12.53meV in our model and exeiton population swap between the two QDs can be realized. The periods and amplitudes of population oscillations can be modified by the coupling factors. Our results may have potential applications in quantum information and quantum computation on a chip.
基金Supported by the National Bauic Research Program of China under Grant No 2006CB202600, Funds of Chinese Academy of Sciences for Key Topics in Innovation Engineering under Grant No KGCX2-YW-326, the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 20703046, and the National Science Foundation of Nantong University under Grant No 08Z067.
文摘Porosity as one of the crucial factors to film morphology affects the overall electrical current-voltage characteristics of dye-sensitized solar cell （DSC）. We search for the short-circuit current density, the open-circuit voltage and the maximum power output as the main functional parameters of DSC closely related to porosity under different film thickness. The theoretical analyses show some exciting results. As porosity changes from 0.41 to 0.75, the short-circuit current density shows the optimal value when the film thickness is 8-10 μm. The open-circuit voltage presents different variation tendencies for the film thicknesses within 1-8 μm and within 10-30 μm. The porosity is near 0.41 and the film thickness is about 10 μm, DSC will have the maximum power output. The theoretical studies also illustrate that given a good porosity distribution, DSC can obtain an excellent short-circuit current characteristic, which agrees well with the experimental results reported in previous literature.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation under Grant No 10604034, the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province （Y606309）, Ningbo Natural Science Foundation （2006A610046）, and K. C. Wong Magna Fund in Ningbo University.
文摘The polarizabilities of DNA in transverse direction and CdSe semiconductor quantum dots （QDs） deposited on mica surface are compared by means of electrostatic force microscopy （EFM）. We observe clear EFM-phase shift over CdSe QDs, while no obvious signal on DNA is detected, suggesting that DNA molecules is an electrical insulator.
