[Objective]This study was to reveal the essence of mechanism about how the alien invasive plants spread.[Method]Species niche and material/energy flow were used as basic research indicators to analyze the intrinsic me...[Objective]This study was to reveal the essence of mechanism about how the alien invasive plants spread.[Method]Species niche and material/energy flow were used as basic research indicators to analyze the intrinsic mechanism of alien plants invasion.[Result]Most of the invasive plants have not been explicitly defined and their effective control methods not brought forward.[Conclusion]Overrun of alien invasive plants depends on whether the niche of a species could be continuously met at spatial level.Based on this we put forward corresponding control measures,proposed an assumption to establish a cylinder-network model and discussed the definition of alien invasive plants.展开更多
Catalytic destruction is an ascendant technology for the abatement of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)originating fromsolvent-based industrial processes.The varied composition tends to influence each VOC’s catalytic ...Catalytic destruction is an ascendant technology for the abatement of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)originating fromsolvent-based industrial processes.The varied composition tends to influence each VOC’s catalytic behavior in the reaction mixture.We investigated the catalytic destruction of multi-component VOCs including dichloromethane(DCM)and ethyl acetate(EA),as representatives from pharmaceutical waste gases,over co-supported HxPO_(4)-RuOx/CeO_(2) catalyst.A mutual inhibitory effect relating to concentrations because of competitive adsorption was verified in the binary VOCs oxidation and EA posed a more negative effect on DCM oxidation owing to EA’s superior adsorption capacity.Preferential adsorption of EA on acidic sites(HxPO_(4)/CeO_(2))promoted DCM activation on basic sites(O^(2−))and the dominating EA oxidation blocked DCM’s access to oxidation centers(RuOx/CeO_(2)),resulting in boosted monochloromethane yield and increased chlorine deposition for DCM oxidation.The impaired redox ability of Ru species owing to chlorine deposition in turn jeopardized deep oxidation of EA and its by-products,leading to increased gaseous by-products such as acetic acid originating fromEA pyrolysis.Notably,DCM at low concentration slightly promoted EA conversion at low temperatures with or without water,consistent with the enhanced EA adsorption in co-adsorption analyses.This was mainly due to that DCM impeded the shielding effect of hydrolysate deposition from rapid EA hydrolysis depending on the decreased acidity.Moreover,water benefited EA hydrolysis but decreased CO_(2) selectivity while the generated water derived from EA was likely to affect DCM transformation.This work may provide theoretical guidance for the promotion of applied catalysts toward industrial applications.展开更多
Atlantic salmon(Salmo salar)represents the primary species in aquaculture.The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in nutrient processing and protection against pathogenic bacteria.Nonetheless,the composition and funct...Atlantic salmon(Salmo salar)represents the primary species in aquaculture.The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in nutrient processing and protection against pathogenic bacteria.Nonetheless,the composition and functionality of the gut microbiota in Salmo salar at different growth stages remain largely unexplored.This study investigated the alterations within the gut microbial communities and their associated metabolites across different growth stages of Salmo salar,specifically when the body weights were 1.0 kg(S1 group),2.0 kg(S2 group),4.0 kg(S3 group),and 6.0 kg(S4 group),using microbiome sequencing and liquid chromatographymass spectrometry(LC-MS)technology.Results indicated significant changes in the gut microbiota and metabolite profiles concurrent with fish growth.Notably,the abundance of Firmicutes decreased,and Proteobacteria increased,resulting in a decreased Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes(F/B)ratio.Concurrently,the abundance of potential pathogenic bacteria such as Stenotrophomonas,Vibrio,Aeromonas,Staphylococcaceae,Enterobacteriaceae,Enterococcaceae,and Haemophilus increased,whereas beneficial bacteria like Lactobacillus and Bacilli decreased.The gut microbiota in the S1 group exhibited an increase in the abundance of beneficial bacteria.Conversely,in the S2,S3,and S4 groups,the prevalence of pathogenic bacteria increased.Metabolic profiling revealed significant upregulation of arachidonic acid(ARA)and taurine in the S2 and S3 groups,while citric acid,riboflavin,and pantothenic acid notably increased in the S4 group.Particularly,several amino acids such as threonine,lysine,and serine in the gut microbiota metabolites were significantly reduced in the S2,S3,and S4 groups,correlating positively with the respective essential amino acid concentrations in muscle tissue.The S1 group exhibited a more active gut microbiota associated with amino acid metabolism,resulting in higher muscle amino acid content.This study identified gut microbiota and its metabolic products at different growth stages of Salmo salar,providing a scientific basis for proactive intervention of gut microbiota and improve the quality of aquatic products.展开更多
Verticillium wilt,caused by the infamous pathogen Verticillium dahliae,presents a primary constraint on cotton cul-tivation worldwide.The complexity of disease resistance in cotton and the largely unexplored interacti...Verticillium wilt,caused by the infamous pathogen Verticillium dahliae,presents a primary constraint on cotton cul-tivation worldwide.The complexity of disease resistance in cotton and the largely unexplored interaction dynamics between the cotton plant host and V.dahliae pathogen pose a crucial predicament for effectively managing cotton Verticillium wilt.Nevertheless,the most cost-effective approach to controlling this disease involves breeding and cul-tivating resistant cotton varieties,demanding a meticulous analysis of the mechanisms underlying cotton’s resistance to Verticillium wilt and the identification of pivotal genes.These aspects constitute focal points in disease-resistance breeding programs.In this review,we comprehensively discuss genetic inheritance associated with Verticillium wilt resistance in cotton,the advancements in molecular markers for disease resistance,the functional investiga-tion of resistance genes in cotton,the analysis of pathogenicity genes in V.dahliae,as well as the intricate interplay between cotton and this fungus.Moreover,we delve into the future prospects of cutting-edge research on cotton Verticillium wilt,aiming to proffer valuable insights for the effective management of this devastating fungus.展开更多
Geo-interfaces refer to the contact surfaces between multiple media within geological strata,as well as the transition zones that regulate the migration of three-phase matter,changes in physical states,and the deforma...Geo-interfaces refer to the contact surfaces between multiple media within geological strata,as well as the transition zones that regulate the migration of three-phase matter,changes in physical states,and the deformation and stability of rock and soil masses.Owing to the combined effects of natural factors and human activities,geo-interfaces play crucial roles in the emergence,propagation,and triggering of geological disasters.Over the past three decades,the material point method(MPM)has emerged as a preferred approach for addressing large deformation problems and simulating soil-water-structure interactions,making it an ideal tool for analyzing geo-interface behaviors.In this review,we offer a systematic summary of the basic concepts,classifications,and main characteristics of the geo-interface,and provide a comprehensive overview of recent advances and developments in simulating geo-interface using the MPM.We further present a brief description of various MPMs for modeling different types of geo-interfaces in geotechnical engineering applications and highlight the existing limitations and future research directions.This study aims to facilitate innovative applications of the MPM in modeling complex geo-interface problems,providing a reference for geotechnical practitioners and researchers.展开更多
The exploration of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)swarm systems represents a focal point in the research of multiagent systems,with the investigation of their fission-fusion behavior holding significant theoretical and p...The exploration of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)swarm systems represents a focal point in the research of multiagent systems,with the investigation of their fission-fusion behavior holding significant theoretical and practical value.This review systematically examines the methods for fission-fusion of UAV swarms from the perspective of multi-agent systems,encompassing the composition of UAV swarm systems and fission-fusion conditions,information interaction mechanisms,and existing fission-fusion approaches.Firstly,considering the constituent units of UAV swarms and the conditions influencing fission-fusion,this paper categorizes and introduces the UAV swarm systems.It further examines the effects and limitations of fission-fusion methods across various categories and conditions.Secondly,a comprehensive analysis of the prevalent information interaction mechanisms within UAV swarms is conducted from the perspective of information interaction structures.The advantages and limitations of various mechanisms in the context of fission-fusion behaviors are summarized and synthesized.Thirdly,this paper consolidates the existing implementation research findings related to the fission-fusion behavior of UAV swarms,identifies unresolved issues in fission-fusion research,and discusses potential solutions.Finally,the paper concludes with a comprehensive summary and systematically outlines future research opportunities.展开更多
In the practical slope engineering,the stability of lower sliding mass(region A)with back tensile cracks of the jointed rock slope attracts more attentions,but the upper rock mass(region B)may also be unstable.Therefo...In the practical slope engineering,the stability of lower sliding mass(region A)with back tensile cracks of the jointed rock slope attracts more attentions,but the upper rock mass(region B)may also be unstable.Therefore,in this study,based on the stepped failure mode of bedding jointed rock slopes,considering the influence of the upper rock mass on the lower stepped sliding mass,the improved failure model for analyzing the interaction force(F_(AB))between two regions is constructed,and the safety factors(F_(S))of two regions and whole region are derived.In addition,this paper proposes a method to determine the existence of F_(AB) using their respective acceleration values(a_(A) and a_(B))when regions A and B are unstable.The influences of key parameters on two regions and the whole region are analyzed.The results show that the variation of the F_(AB) and F_(S) of two regions can be obtained accurately based on the improved failure model.The accuracy of the improved failure model is verified by comparative analysis.The research results can explain the interaction mechanism of two regions and the natural phenomenon of slope failure caused by the development of cracks.展开更多
Integrated energy systems(IES)are widely regarded as a key enabler of carbon neutrality,enabling the coordinated use of electricity,heat,and gas to support large-scale renewable integration.Yet their practical deploym...Integrated energy systems(IES)are widely regarded as a key enabler of carbon neutrality,enabling the coordinated use of electricity,heat,and gas to support large-scale renewable integration.Yet their practical deployment still faces major challenges,including rigid thermoelectric coupling,insufficient operational flexibility,and fragmented carbon and certificate market mechanisms.To address these issues,this study proposes a low-carbon economic dispatch model for integrated energy systems(IES)that reduces emissions and costs while improving renewable energy utilization.A coordinated framework integrating carbon capture,utilization,and storage,two-stage power-to-gas,combined heat and power,and ground-source heat pump technologies enhances multi-energy complementarity and overcomes the heat-led constraints of traditional combined heat and power systems.A unified carbon emission trading and green certificate trading mechanism is designed to balance economic and environmental goals through cross-market synergy.To address uncertainty,a distributionally robust chance-constrained model based on Kullback-Leibler divergence is introduced in Scenario 8.The model is solved using the GUROBI solver under multiple scenarios.Simulation results show a cost reduction from$56,166.66 to$25,840.32,carbon emission cuts from 801.38to 440.90 t,and wind/photovoltaic utilization rates reaching 98%,which fully demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed framework in achieving cost-efficient low-carbon operation of IES.展开更多
Against the backdrop of in-depth globalization and the rise of cultural mutual learning,the international communication of China’s Intangible Cultural Heritage(ICH)has become a key vehicle for enhancing China’s cult...Against the backdrop of in-depth globalization and the rise of cultural mutual learning,the international communication of China’s Intangible Cultural Heritage(ICH)has become a key vehicle for enhancing China’s cultural soft power and engaging in global cultural dialogue.However,in cross-cultural contexts,this communication faces structural dilemmas at multiple levels.From a cross-cultural perspective,this study proposes targeted solutions to address these dilemmas.The ultimate goal is to promote the transformation of China’s ICH international communication from“symbolic display”to“meaning sharing”and from“cultural output”to“value resonance”,thereby enhancing the effectiveness of cross-cultural communication and advancing the global recognition of China’s ICH.展开更多
High complexity and uncertainty of air combat pose significant challenges to target intention prediction.Current interpolation methods for data pre-processing and wrangling have limitations in capturing interrelations...High complexity and uncertainty of air combat pose significant challenges to target intention prediction.Current interpolation methods for data pre-processing and wrangling have limitations in capturing interrelationships among intricate variable patterns.Accordingly,this study proposes a Mogrifier gate recurrent unit-D(Mog-GRU-D)model to address the com-bat target intention prediction issue under the incomplete infor-mation condition.The proposed model directly processes miss-ing data while reducing the independence between inputs and output states.A total of 1200 samples from twelve continuous moments are captured through the combat simulation system,each of which consists of seven dimensional features.To bench-mark the experiment,a missing valued dataset has been gener-ated by randomly removing 20%of the original data.Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed model obtains the state-of-the-art performance with an accuracy of 73.25%when dealing with incomplete information.This study provides possi-ble interpretations for the principle of target interactive mecha-nism,highlighting the model’s effectiveness in potential air war-fare implementation.展开更多
0 INTRODUCTION Pressure-stress coupling(PSC)refers to the bidirectional mechanical interaction between pore pressure and in-situ stress within subsurface formations(Hillis,2000).Variations in pore pressure redistribut...0 INTRODUCTION Pressure-stress coupling(PSC)refers to the bidirectional mechanical interaction between pore pressure and in-situ stress within subsurface formations(Hillis,2000).Variations in pore pressure redistribute the stress field,while evolving stress states in turn alter pore pressure.This reciprocity,governed by poroelasticity and multiphysics interactions,underlies a wide spectrum of geomechanical processes,including fracture initiation,fluid migration,reservoir evolution,and fault slip or seismicity(Xu et al.,2020).Conventional theories often treat pressure and stress as independent variables.展开更多
AISI H13 （4Cr5MoSiV1） is one of the commonly used materials for extrusion tool, and it suffers from fatigue-creep damage during the hot extrusion process. Stress-controlled fatigue and creep-fatigue interaction test...AISI H13 （4Cr5MoSiV1） is one of the commonly used materials for extrusion tool, and it suffers from fatigue-creep damage during the hot extrusion process. Stress-controlled fatigue and creep-fatigue interaction tests were carried out at 500℃ to investigate its damage evolution. The accumulated plastic strain was selected to define the damage variable due to its clear physical meaning. A new fatigue-creep interaction damage model was proposed on the basis of continuum damage mechanics. A new equivalent impulse density for fatigue-creep tests was proposed to incorporate the holding time effect by transforming creep impulse density into fatigue impulse density. The experimental results indicated that the damage model is able to describe the damage evolution under these working conditions.展开更多
Since the Bonn 2011 conference,the“water-energy-food”(WEF)nexus has aroused global concern to promote sustainable development.The WEF nexus is a complex,dynamic,and open system containing interrelated and interdepen...Since the Bonn 2011 conference,the“water-energy-food”(WEF)nexus has aroused global concern to promote sustainable development.The WEF nexus is a complex,dynamic,and open system containing interrelated and interdependent elements.However,the nexus studies have mainly focused on natural elements based on massive earth observation data.Human elements(e.g.,society,economy,politics,culture)are described insufficiently,because traditional earth observation technologies cannot effectively perceive socioeconomic characteristics,especially human feelings,emotions,and experiences.Thus,it is difficult to simulate the complex WEF nexus.With the development of earth observation sensor technologies and human activity perception methods,geographical big data covering both human activities and natural elements offers a new opportunity for in-depth WEF nexus analysis.This study proposes a five-step framework by leveraging geographical big data mining to dig for the hidden value in the data of various natural and human elements.This framework can enable a thorough and comprehensive analysis of the WEF nexus.Some application examples of the framework,major challenges,and possible solutions are discussed.Geographical big data mining is a promising approach to enhance the analysis of the WEF nexus,strengthen the coordinated management of resources and sectors,and facilitate the progress toward sustainable development.展开更多
This study was aimed to analyze the effect of procyanidin B2(PC)and tannin acid(TA)on the activities of cholesterol esterase(CEase)and the inhibitory mechanisms of enzymatic activity.The interaction mechanisms were in...This study was aimed to analyze the effect of procyanidin B2(PC)and tannin acid(TA)on the activities of cholesterol esterase(CEase)and the inhibitory mechanisms of enzymatic activity.The interaction mechanisms were investigated by enzymatic kinetics,multi-spectroscopy methods,thermodynamics analysis,molecular docking,and dynamic simulations.PC and TA could bind with CEase and inhibit the activity of enzyme in a mixed-competitive manner and non-competitive manner,which was verified by molecular docking simulations and dynamics simulations.Also,PC and TA showed the synergistic inhibition with orlistat.Fluorescence,UVvis and the thermodynamic analysis revealed that the complexes were formed from CEase and inhibitors by noncovalent interaction.As revealed by the circular dichroism results,both PC and TA decreased enzymatic activities by altering the conformations of CEase.The inhibition of PC and TA on CEase might be one mechanism for its cholesterol-lowering effect.展开更多
High content of asphaltenes and waxes leads to the high pour point and the poor flowability of heavy oil,which is adverse to its efficient development and its transportation in pipe.Understanding the interaction mecha...High content of asphaltenes and waxes leads to the high pour point and the poor flowability of heavy oil,which is adverse to its efficient development and its transportation in pipe.Understanding the interaction mechanism between asphaltene-wax is crucial to solve these problems,but it is still unclear.In this paper,molecular dynamics simulation was used to investigate the interaction between asphaltenewax and its effects on the crystallization behavior of waxes in heavy oil.Results show that molecules in pure wax are arranged in a paralleled geometry.But wax molecules in heavy oil,which are close to the surface of asphaltene aggregates,are bent and arranged irregularly.When the mass fraction of asphaltenes in asphaltene-wax system(ω_(asp))is 0-25 wt%,the attraction among wax molecules decreases and the bend degree of wax molecules increases with the increase ofω_(asp).Theω_(asp)increases from 0 to 25 wt%,and the attraction between asphaltene-wax is stronger than that among waxes.This causes that the wax precipitation point changes from 353 to 333 K.While theω_(asp)increases to 50 wt%,wax molecules are more dispersed owing to the steric hindrance of asphaltene aggregates,and the interaction among wax molecules transforms from attraction to repulsion.It causes that the ordered crystal structure of waxes can't be formed at normal temperature.Simultaneously,the asphaltene,with the higher molecular weight or the more hetero atoms,has more obvious inhibition to the formation of wax crystals.Besides,resins also have an obvious inhibition on the wax crystal due to the formation of asphalteneresin aggregates with a larger radius.Our results reveal the interaction mechanism between asphaltene-wax,and provide useful guidelines for the development of heavy oil.展开更多
This study took the Gulong Shale in the Upper Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation of the Songliao Basin,NE China,as an example.Through paleolake-level reconstruction and comprehensive analyses on types of lamina,vertical...This study took the Gulong Shale in the Upper Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation of the Songliao Basin,NE China,as an example.Through paleolake-level reconstruction and comprehensive analyses on types of lamina,vertical associations of lithofacies,as well as stages and controlling factors of sedimentary evolution,the cyclic changes of waters,paleoclimate,and continental clastic supply intensity in the lake basin during the deposition of the Qingshankou Formation were discussed.The impacts of lithofacies compositions/structures on oil-bearing property,the relation between reservoir performance and lithofacies compositions/structures,the differences of lithofacies in mechanical properties,and the shale oil occurrence and movability in different lithofacies were investigated.The insights of this study provide a significant guideline for evaluation of shale oil enrichment layers/zones.The non-marine shale sedimentology is expected to evolve into an interdisciplinary science on the basis of sedimentary petrology and petroleum geology,which reveals the physical,chemical and biological actions,and the distribution characteristics and evolution patterns of minerals,organic matter,pores,fluid,and phases,in the transportation,sedimentation,water-rock interaction,diagenesis and evolution processes.Such research will focus on eight aspects:lithofacies and organic matter distribution prediction under a sequence stratigraphic framework for non-marine shale strata;lithofacies paleogeography of shale strata based on the forward modeling of sedimentation;origins of non-marine shale lamina and log-based identification of lamina combinations;source of organic matter in shale and its enrichment process;non-marine shale lithofacies classification by rigid particles+plastic components+pore-fracture system;multi-field coupling organic-inorganic interaction mechanism in shale diagenesis;new methods and intelligent core technology for shale reservoir multi-scale characterization;and quantitative evaluation and intelligent analysis system of shale reservoir heterogeneity.展开更多
To investigate the stability and interaction mechanism of the slope-pile-footing system under surcharge effects,the finite difference method(FDM)was adopted to analyze the response laws of the stability of the reinfor...To investigate the stability and interaction mechanism of the slope-pile-footing system under surcharge effects,the finite difference method(FDM)was adopted to analyze the response laws of the stability of the reinforced slope,evolution of the critical slip surface,stress characteristic of retaining structures,deformation and failure modes of the slope foundation and building footing under surcharge parameters,including the surcharge intensity,the surcharge position,and the surcharge width.The results show that surcharge parameters significantly affect the stability and the deformation characteristics of the slope-pile-footing system.Specifically speaking,with the increasing surcharge intensity and the decreasing surcharge position and width,the deformation and failure mode of the system will gradually evolve in a direction that is harmful to its stability.The interaction mechanism of the slope-pile-footing system is further clarified as the load transfer of the building footing,the generation of the additional stress in the slope foundation,and the adjustment of pile bending moment due to the stress redistribution.Correspondingly,the safety of anti-slide piles will determine the stability of the slope foundation and building footing.These findings are expected to provide guidance for the comprehensive development and utilization of filled slopes after reinforcement.展开更多
The crack-closure effect is a crucial factor that affects the crack growth rate and should be considered in simulation analysis and testing.A mixed-mode I+II loading fatigue crack growth test was performed using EA4T ...The crack-closure effect is a crucial factor that affects the crack growth rate and should be considered in simulation analysis and testing.A mixed-mode I+II loading fatigue crack growth test was performed using EA4T axle steel specimens.The variation of the plastic-induced crack closure(PICC)effect and the roughness-induced crack closure(RICC)effect during crack deflection in the mixed-mode is examined in this study.The results show that the load perpendicular to the crack propagation direction hinders the slip effect caused by the load parallel to the crack propagation direction under mixed-mode loading,and the crack deflection is an intuitive manifestation of the interaction between the PICC and RICC.The proportion of the RA value change on the crack side caused by contact friction was reduced by the interaction between PICC and RICC.The roughness of the crack surface before and after the crack deflection is different,and the spatial torsion crack surface is formed during the crack propagation process.With the increase of the crack length,the roughness of the fracture surface increases.During the crack deflection process,the PICC value fluctuates around 0.2,and the RICC value is increased to 0.15.展开更多
The safety and durability of lithium-ion batteries under mechanical constraints depend significantly on electrochemical,thermal,and mechanical fields in applications.Characterizing and quantifying the multi-field coup...The safety and durability of lithium-ion batteries under mechanical constraints depend significantly on electrochemical,thermal,and mechanical fields in applications.Characterizing and quantifying the multi-field coupling behaviors requires interdisciplinary efforts.Here,we design experiments under mechanical constraints and introduce an in-situ analytical framework to clarify the complex interaction mechanisms and coupling degrees among multi-physics fields.The proposed analytical framework integrates the parameterization of equivalent models,in-situ mechanical analysis,and quantitative assessment of coupling behavior.The results indicate that the significant impact of pressure on impedance at low temperatures results from the diffusion-controlled step,enhancing kinetics when external pressure,like 180 to 240 k Pa at 10℃,is applied.The diversity in control steps for the electrochemical reaction accounts for the varying impact of pressure on battery performance across different temperatures.The thermal expansion rate suggests that the swelling force varies by less than 1.60%per unit of elevated temperature during the lithiation process.By introducing a composite metric,we quantify the coupling correlation and intensity between characteristic parameters and physical fields,uncovering the highest coupling degree in electrochemical-thermal fields.These results underscore the potential of analytical approaches in revealing the mechanisms of interaction among multi-fields,with the goal of enhancing battery performance and advancing battery management.展开更多
Artificial intelligence(AI)can sometimes resolve difficulties that other advanced technologies and humans cannot.In medical diagnostics,AI has the advantage of processing figure recognition,especially for images with ...Artificial intelligence(AI)can sometimes resolve difficulties that other advanced technologies and humans cannot.In medical diagnostics,AI has the advantage of processing figure recognition,especially for images with similar characteristics that are difficult to distinguish with the naked eye.However,the mechanisms of this advanced technique should be well-addressed to elucidate clinical issues.In this letter,regarding an original study presented by Takayama et al,we suggest that the authors should effectively illustrate the mechanism and detailed procedure that artificial intelligence techniques processing the acquired images,including the recognition of non-obvious difference between the normal parts and pathological ones,which were impossible to be distinguished by naked eyes,such as the basic constitutional elements of pixels and grayscale,special molecules or even some metal ions which involved into the diseases occurrence.展开更多
基金Supported by Joint Research Fund from National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)-Yunnan Province(U0933601)Students Research Fund from Southwest Forestry University(1001)~~
文摘[Objective]This study was to reveal the essence of mechanism about how the alien invasive plants spread.[Method]Species niche and material/energy flow were used as basic research indicators to analyze the intrinsic mechanism of alien plants invasion.[Result]Most of the invasive plants have not been explicitly defined and their effective control methods not brought forward.[Conclusion]Overrun of alien invasive plants depends on whether the niche of a species could be continuously met at spatial level.Based on this we put forward corresponding control measures,proposed an assumption to establish a cylinder-network model and discussed the definition of alien invasive plants.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.21906087 and 52070168)the Key R&D Plan of Zhejiang Province (No.2023C03127)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.226-2022-00150).
文摘Catalytic destruction is an ascendant technology for the abatement of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)originating fromsolvent-based industrial processes.The varied composition tends to influence each VOC’s catalytic behavior in the reaction mixture.We investigated the catalytic destruction of multi-component VOCs including dichloromethane(DCM)and ethyl acetate(EA),as representatives from pharmaceutical waste gases,over co-supported HxPO_(4)-RuOx/CeO_(2) catalyst.A mutual inhibitory effect relating to concentrations because of competitive adsorption was verified in the binary VOCs oxidation and EA posed a more negative effect on DCM oxidation owing to EA’s superior adsorption capacity.Preferential adsorption of EA on acidic sites(HxPO_(4)/CeO_(2))promoted DCM activation on basic sites(O^(2−))and the dominating EA oxidation blocked DCM’s access to oxidation centers(RuOx/CeO_(2)),resulting in boosted monochloromethane yield and increased chlorine deposition for DCM oxidation.The impaired redox ability of Ru species owing to chlorine deposition in turn jeopardized deep oxidation of EA and its by-products,leading to increased gaseous by-products such as acetic acid originating fromEA pyrolysis.Notably,DCM at low concentration slightly promoted EA conversion at low temperatures with or without water,consistent with the enhanced EA adsorption in co-adsorption analyses.This was mainly due to that DCM impeded the shielding effect of hydrolysate deposition from rapid EA hydrolysis depending on the decreased acidity.Moreover,water benefited EA hydrolysis but decreased CO_(2) selectivity while the generated water derived from EA was likely to affect DCM transformation.This work may provide theoretical guidance for the promotion of applied catalysts toward industrial applications.
基金supported by the Key R&D Program of Shandong Province(No.2021LZGC027)the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.ZR202102250235)+1 种基金the Major Agricultural Application Technology Innovation Projects in Shandong Province(No.SD2019YY 006)the‘First Class Fishery Discipline’Program in Shandong Province,China。
文摘Atlantic salmon(Salmo salar)represents the primary species in aquaculture.The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in nutrient processing and protection against pathogenic bacteria.Nonetheless,the composition and functionality of the gut microbiota in Salmo salar at different growth stages remain largely unexplored.This study investigated the alterations within the gut microbial communities and their associated metabolites across different growth stages of Salmo salar,specifically when the body weights were 1.0 kg(S1 group),2.0 kg(S2 group),4.0 kg(S3 group),and 6.0 kg(S4 group),using microbiome sequencing and liquid chromatographymass spectrometry(LC-MS)technology.Results indicated significant changes in the gut microbiota and metabolite profiles concurrent with fish growth.Notably,the abundance of Firmicutes decreased,and Proteobacteria increased,resulting in a decreased Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes(F/B)ratio.Concurrently,the abundance of potential pathogenic bacteria such as Stenotrophomonas,Vibrio,Aeromonas,Staphylococcaceae,Enterobacteriaceae,Enterococcaceae,and Haemophilus increased,whereas beneficial bacteria like Lactobacillus and Bacilli decreased.The gut microbiota in the S1 group exhibited an increase in the abundance of beneficial bacteria.Conversely,in the S2,S3,and S4 groups,the prevalence of pathogenic bacteria increased.Metabolic profiling revealed significant upregulation of arachidonic acid(ARA)and taurine in the S2 and S3 groups,while citric acid,riboflavin,and pantothenic acid notably increased in the S4 group.Particularly,several amino acids such as threonine,lysine,and serine in the gut microbiota metabolites were significantly reduced in the S2,S3,and S4 groups,correlating positively with the respective essential amino acid concentrations in muscle tissue.The S1 group exhibited a more active gut microbiota associated with amino acid metabolism,resulting in higher muscle amino acid content.This study identified gut microbiota and its metabolic products at different growth stages of Salmo salar,providing a scientific basis for proactive intervention of gut microbiota and improve the quality of aquatic products.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(32201752)Xinjiang Tianchi Talents Program (TCYC2023TP02)Key Project of the Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (2024DA001)
文摘Verticillium wilt,caused by the infamous pathogen Verticillium dahliae,presents a primary constraint on cotton cul-tivation worldwide.The complexity of disease resistance in cotton and the largely unexplored interaction dynamics between the cotton plant host and V.dahliae pathogen pose a crucial predicament for effectively managing cotton Verticillium wilt.Nevertheless,the most cost-effective approach to controlling this disease involves breeding and cul-tivating resistant cotton varieties,demanding a meticulous analysis of the mechanisms underlying cotton’s resistance to Verticillium wilt and the identification of pivotal genes.These aspects constitute focal points in disease-resistance breeding programs.In this review,we comprehensively discuss genetic inheritance associated with Verticillium wilt resistance in cotton,the advancements in molecular markers for disease resistance,the functional investiga-tion of resistance genes in cotton,the analysis of pathogenicity genes in V.dahliae,as well as the intricate interplay between cotton and this fungus.Moreover,we delve into the future prospects of cutting-edge research on cotton Verticillium wilt,aiming to proffer valuable insights for the effective management of this devastating fungus.
基金supported by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of China(Grant No.42225702)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42461160266 and 52379106).
文摘Geo-interfaces refer to the contact surfaces between multiple media within geological strata,as well as the transition zones that regulate the migration of three-phase matter,changes in physical states,and the deformation and stability of rock and soil masses.Owing to the combined effects of natural factors and human activities,geo-interfaces play crucial roles in the emergence,propagation,and triggering of geological disasters.Over the past three decades,the material point method(MPM)has emerged as a preferred approach for addressing large deformation problems and simulating soil-water-structure interactions,making it an ideal tool for analyzing geo-interface behaviors.In this review,we offer a systematic summary of the basic concepts,classifications,and main characteristics of the geo-interface,and provide a comprehensive overview of recent advances and developments in simulating geo-interface using the MPM.We further present a brief description of various MPMs for modeling different types of geo-interfaces in geotechnical engineering applications and highlight the existing limitations and future research directions.This study aims to facilitate innovative applications of the MPM in modeling complex geo-interface problems,providing a reference for geotechnical practitioners and researchers.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U20B2042).
文摘The exploration of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)swarm systems represents a focal point in the research of multiagent systems,with the investigation of their fission-fusion behavior holding significant theoretical and practical value.This review systematically examines the methods for fission-fusion of UAV swarms from the perspective of multi-agent systems,encompassing the composition of UAV swarm systems and fission-fusion conditions,information interaction mechanisms,and existing fission-fusion approaches.Firstly,considering the constituent units of UAV swarms and the conditions influencing fission-fusion,this paper categorizes and introduces the UAV swarm systems.It further examines the effects and limitations of fission-fusion methods across various categories and conditions.Secondly,a comprehensive analysis of the prevalent information interaction mechanisms within UAV swarms is conducted from the perspective of information interaction structures.The advantages and limitations of various mechanisms in the context of fission-fusion behaviors are summarized and synthesized.Thirdly,this paper consolidates the existing implementation research findings related to the fission-fusion behavior of UAV swarms,identifies unresolved issues in fission-fusion research,and discusses potential solutions.Finally,the paper concludes with a comprehensive summary and systematically outlines future research opportunities.
基金Projects(52208369,52309138,52108320)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProjects(2023NSFSC0284,2025ZNSFSC0409)supported by the Sichuan Science and Technology Program,ChinaProject(U22468214)supported by the Joint Fund Project for Railway Basic Research by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd.
文摘In the practical slope engineering,the stability of lower sliding mass(region A)with back tensile cracks of the jointed rock slope attracts more attentions,but the upper rock mass(region B)may also be unstable.Therefore,in this study,based on the stepped failure mode of bedding jointed rock slopes,considering the influence of the upper rock mass on the lower stepped sliding mass,the improved failure model for analyzing the interaction force(F_(AB))between two regions is constructed,and the safety factors(F_(S))of two regions and whole region are derived.In addition,this paper proposes a method to determine the existence of F_(AB) using their respective acceleration values(a_(A) and a_(B))when regions A and B are unstable.The influences of key parameters on two regions and the whole region are analyzed.The results show that the variation of the F_(AB) and F_(S) of two regions can be obtained accurately based on the improved failure model.The accuracy of the improved failure model is verified by comparative analysis.The research results can explain the interaction mechanism of two regions and the natural phenomenon of slope failure caused by the development of cracks.
文摘Integrated energy systems(IES)are widely regarded as a key enabler of carbon neutrality,enabling the coordinated use of electricity,heat,and gas to support large-scale renewable integration.Yet their practical deployment still faces major challenges,including rigid thermoelectric coupling,insufficient operational flexibility,and fragmented carbon and certificate market mechanisms.To address these issues,this study proposes a low-carbon economic dispatch model for integrated energy systems(IES)that reduces emissions and costs while improving renewable energy utilization.A coordinated framework integrating carbon capture,utilization,and storage,two-stage power-to-gas,combined heat and power,and ground-source heat pump technologies enhances multi-energy complementarity and overcomes the heat-led constraints of traditional combined heat and power systems.A unified carbon emission trading and green certificate trading mechanism is designed to balance economic and environmental goals through cross-market synergy.To address uncertainty,a distributionally robust chance-constrained model based on Kullback-Leibler divergence is introduced in Scenario 8.The model is solved using the GUROBI solver under multiple scenarios.Simulation results show a cost reduction from$56,166.66 to$25,840.32,carbon emission cuts from 801.38to 440.90 t,and wind/photovoltaic utilization rates reaching 98%,which fully demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed framework in achieving cost-efficient low-carbon operation of IES.
文摘Against the backdrop of in-depth globalization and the rise of cultural mutual learning,the international communication of China’s Intangible Cultural Heritage(ICH)has become a key vehicle for enhancing China’s cultural soft power and engaging in global cultural dialogue.However,in cross-cultural contexts,this communication faces structural dilemmas at multiple levels.From a cross-cultural perspective,this study proposes targeted solutions to address these dilemmas.The ultimate goal is to promote the transformation of China’s ICH international communication from“symbolic display”to“meaning sharing”and from“cultural output”to“value resonance”,thereby enhancing the effectiveness of cross-cultural communication and advancing the global recognition of China’s ICH.
基金supported by the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(2020Z023053002).
文摘High complexity and uncertainty of air combat pose significant challenges to target intention prediction.Current interpolation methods for data pre-processing and wrangling have limitations in capturing interrelationships among intricate variable patterns.Accordingly,this study proposes a Mogrifier gate recurrent unit-D(Mog-GRU-D)model to address the com-bat target intention prediction issue under the incomplete infor-mation condition.The proposed model directly processes miss-ing data while reducing the independence between inputs and output states.A total of 1200 samples from twelve continuous moments are captured through the combat simulation system,each of which consists of seven dimensional features.To bench-mark the experiment,a missing valued dataset has been gener-ated by randomly removing 20%of the original data.Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed model obtains the state-of-the-art performance with an accuracy of 73.25%when dealing with incomplete information.This study provides possi-ble interpretations for the principle of target interactive mecha-nism,highlighting the model’s effectiveness in potential air war-fare implementation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U24B6002,42488101)the Key R&D Program of Shandong Province,China(No.2024CXPT076)the Independent innovation research program of China University of Petroleum(East China)(No.21CX06001A)。
文摘0 INTRODUCTION Pressure-stress coupling(PSC)refers to the bidirectional mechanical interaction between pore pressure and in-situ stress within subsurface formations(Hillis,2000).Variations in pore pressure redistribute the stress field,while evolving stress states in turn alter pore pressure.This reciprocity,governed by poroelasticity and multiphysics interactions,underlies a wide spectrum of geomechanical processes,including fracture initiation,fluid migration,reservoir evolution,and fault slip or seismicity(Xu et al.,2020).Conventional theories often treat pressure and stress as independent variables.
文摘AISI H13 （4Cr5MoSiV1） is one of the commonly used materials for extrusion tool, and it suffers from fatigue-creep damage during the hot extrusion process. Stress-controlled fatigue and creep-fatigue interaction tests were carried out at 500℃ to investigate its damage evolution. The accumulated plastic strain was selected to define the damage variable due to its clear physical meaning. A new fatigue-creep interaction damage model was proposed on the basis of continuum damage mechanics. A new equivalent impulse density for fatigue-creep tests was proposed to incorporate the holding time effect by transforming creep impulse density into fatigue impulse density. The experimental results indicated that the damage model is able to describe the damage evolution under these working conditions.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.52209030Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,No.GK202207005+1 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,No.2023M732163Shaanxi Province Postdoctoral Science Foundation,No.2023BSHYDZZ110。
文摘Since the Bonn 2011 conference,the“water-energy-food”(WEF)nexus has aroused global concern to promote sustainable development.The WEF nexus is a complex,dynamic,and open system containing interrelated and interdependent elements.However,the nexus studies have mainly focused on natural elements based on massive earth observation data.Human elements(e.g.,society,economy,politics,culture)are described insufficiently,because traditional earth observation technologies cannot effectively perceive socioeconomic characteristics,especially human feelings,emotions,and experiences.Thus,it is difficult to simulate the complex WEF nexus.With the development of earth observation sensor technologies and human activity perception methods,geographical big data covering both human activities and natural elements offers a new opportunity for in-depth WEF nexus analysis.This study proposes a five-step framework by leveraging geographical big data mining to dig for the hidden value in the data of various natural and human elements.This framework can enable a thorough and comprehensive analysis of the WEF nexus.Some application examples of the framework,major challenges,and possible solutions are discussed.Geographical big data mining is a promising approach to enhance the analysis of the WEF nexus,strengthen the coordinated management of resources and sectors,and facilitate the progress toward sustainable development.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(‘973’program,2013CB127106)。
文摘This study was aimed to analyze the effect of procyanidin B2(PC)and tannin acid(TA)on the activities of cholesterol esterase(CEase)and the inhibitory mechanisms of enzymatic activity.The interaction mechanisms were investigated by enzymatic kinetics,multi-spectroscopy methods,thermodynamics analysis,molecular docking,and dynamic simulations.PC and TA could bind with CEase and inhibit the activity of enzyme in a mixed-competitive manner and non-competitive manner,which was verified by molecular docking simulations and dynamics simulations.Also,PC and TA showed the synergistic inhibition with orlistat.Fluorescence,UVvis and the thermodynamic analysis revealed that the complexes were formed from CEase and inhibitors by noncovalent interaction.As revealed by the circular dichroism results,both PC and TA decreased enzymatic activities by altering the conformations of CEase.The inhibition of PC and TA on CEase might be one mechanism for its cholesterol-lowering effect.
基金financially supported by the Project funded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (NO.2022M723500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NO.52204069)the Sinopec Science and Technology Project of China (NO.P22015)。
文摘High content of asphaltenes and waxes leads to the high pour point and the poor flowability of heavy oil,which is adverse to its efficient development and its transportation in pipe.Understanding the interaction mechanism between asphaltene-wax is crucial to solve these problems,but it is still unclear.In this paper,molecular dynamics simulation was used to investigate the interaction between asphaltenewax and its effects on the crystallization behavior of waxes in heavy oil.Results show that molecules in pure wax are arranged in a paralleled geometry.But wax molecules in heavy oil,which are close to the surface of asphaltene aggregates,are bent and arranged irregularly.When the mass fraction of asphaltenes in asphaltene-wax system(ω_(asp))is 0-25 wt%,the attraction among wax molecules decreases and the bend degree of wax molecules increases with the increase ofω_(asp).Theω_(asp)increases from 0 to 25 wt%,and the attraction between asphaltene-wax is stronger than that among waxes.This causes that the wax precipitation point changes from 353 to 333 K.While theω_(asp)increases to 50 wt%,wax molecules are more dispersed owing to the steric hindrance of asphaltene aggregates,and the interaction among wax molecules transforms from attraction to repulsion.It causes that the ordered crystal structure of waxes can't be formed at normal temperature.Simultaneously,the asphaltene,with the higher molecular weight or the more hetero atoms,has more obvious inhibition to the formation of wax crystals.Besides,resins also have an obvious inhibition on the wax crystal due to the formation of asphalteneresin aggregates with a larger radius.Our results reveal the interaction mechanism between asphaltene-wax,and provide useful guidelines for the development of heavy oil.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42090020,42090025)Enlisting and Leading Project of Heilongjiang Province(2021ZXJ01A09)PetroChina Scientific Research and Technological Development Project(2019E2601)。
文摘This study took the Gulong Shale in the Upper Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation of the Songliao Basin,NE China,as an example.Through paleolake-level reconstruction and comprehensive analyses on types of lamina,vertical associations of lithofacies,as well as stages and controlling factors of sedimentary evolution,the cyclic changes of waters,paleoclimate,and continental clastic supply intensity in the lake basin during the deposition of the Qingshankou Formation were discussed.The impacts of lithofacies compositions/structures on oil-bearing property,the relation between reservoir performance and lithofacies compositions/structures,the differences of lithofacies in mechanical properties,and the shale oil occurrence and movability in different lithofacies were investigated.The insights of this study provide a significant guideline for evaluation of shale oil enrichment layers/zones.The non-marine shale sedimentology is expected to evolve into an interdisciplinary science on the basis of sedimentary petrology and petroleum geology,which reveals the physical,chemical and biological actions,and the distribution characteristics and evolution patterns of minerals,organic matter,pores,fluid,and phases,in the transportation,sedimentation,water-rock interaction,diagenesis and evolution processes.Such research will focus on eight aspects:lithofacies and organic matter distribution prediction under a sequence stratigraphic framework for non-marine shale strata;lithofacies paleogeography of shale strata based on the forward modeling of sedimentation;origins of non-marine shale lamina and log-based identification of lamina combinations;source of organic matter in shale and its enrichment process;non-marine shale lithofacies classification by rigid particles+plastic components+pore-fracture system;multi-field coupling organic-inorganic interaction mechanism in shale diagenesis;new methods and intelligent core technology for shale reservoir multi-scale characterization;and quantitative evaluation and intelligent analysis system of shale reservoir heterogeneity.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2018YFC1505302 and 2019YFC1509701)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41977249 and 42090052)。
文摘To investigate the stability and interaction mechanism of the slope-pile-footing system under surcharge effects,the finite difference method(FDM)was adopted to analyze the response laws of the stability of the reinforced slope,evolution of the critical slip surface,stress characteristic of retaining structures,deformation and failure modes of the slope foundation and building footing under surcharge parameters,including the surcharge intensity,the surcharge position,and the surcharge width.The results show that surcharge parameters significantly affect the stability and the deformation characteristics of the slope-pile-footing system.Specifically speaking,with the increasing surcharge intensity and the decreasing surcharge position and width,the deformation and failure mode of the system will gradually evolve in a direction that is harmful to its stability.The interaction mechanism of the slope-pile-footing system is further clarified as the load transfer of the building footing,the generation of the additional stress in the slope foundation,and the adjustment of pile bending moment due to the stress redistribution.Correspondingly,the safety of anti-slide piles will determine the stability of the slope foundation and building footing.These findings are expected to provide guidance for the comprehensive development and utilization of filled slopes after reinforcement.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.52375159)National Railway Administration of China (Grant No.KF2023-025)the Independent Research Project of the State Key Laboratory of Traction Power (Grant No.2022TPL_T03)。
文摘The crack-closure effect is a crucial factor that affects the crack growth rate and should be considered in simulation analysis and testing.A mixed-mode I+II loading fatigue crack growth test was performed using EA4T axle steel specimens.The variation of the plastic-induced crack closure(PICC)effect and the roughness-induced crack closure(RICC)effect during crack deflection in the mixed-mode is examined in this study.The results show that the load perpendicular to the crack propagation direction hinders the slip effect caused by the load parallel to the crack propagation direction under mixed-mode loading,and the crack deflection is an intuitive manifestation of the interaction between the PICC and RICC.The proportion of the RA value change on the crack side caused by contact friction was reduced by the interaction between PICC and RICC.The roughness of the crack surface before and after the crack deflection is different,and the spatial torsion crack surface is formed during the crack propagation process.With the increase of the crack length,the roughness of the fracture surface increases.During the crack deflection process,the PICC value fluctuates around 0.2,and the RICC value is increased to 0.15.
基金supported by the National Science Fund for Excellent Youth Scholars of China(52222708)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51977007)。
文摘The safety and durability of lithium-ion batteries under mechanical constraints depend significantly on electrochemical,thermal,and mechanical fields in applications.Characterizing and quantifying the multi-field coupling behaviors requires interdisciplinary efforts.Here,we design experiments under mechanical constraints and introduce an in-situ analytical framework to clarify the complex interaction mechanisms and coupling degrees among multi-physics fields.The proposed analytical framework integrates the parameterization of equivalent models,in-situ mechanical analysis,and quantitative assessment of coupling behavior.The results indicate that the significant impact of pressure on impedance at low temperatures results from the diffusion-controlled step,enhancing kinetics when external pressure,like 180 to 240 k Pa at 10℃,is applied.The diversity in control steps for the electrochemical reaction accounts for the varying impact of pressure on battery performance across different temperatures.The thermal expansion rate suggests that the swelling force varies by less than 1.60%per unit of elevated temperature during the lithiation process.By introducing a composite metric,we quantify the coupling correlation and intensity between characteristic parameters and physical fields,uncovering the highest coupling degree in electrochemical-thermal fields.These results underscore the potential of analytical approaches in revealing the mechanisms of interaction among multi-fields,with the goal of enhancing battery performance and advancing battery management.
基金Supported by the Dean Responsible Project of Gansu Medical College,No.GY-2023FZZ01University Teachers Innovation Fund Project of Gansu Province,No.2023A-182and Key Research Project of Pingliang Science and Technology,No.PL-STK-2021A-004.
文摘Artificial intelligence(AI)can sometimes resolve difficulties that other advanced technologies and humans cannot.In medical diagnostics,AI has the advantage of processing figure recognition,especially for images with similar characteristics that are difficult to distinguish with the naked eye.However,the mechanisms of this advanced technique should be well-addressed to elucidate clinical issues.In this letter,regarding an original study presented by Takayama et al,we suggest that the authors should effectively illustrate the mechanism and detailed procedure that artificial intelligence techniques processing the acquired images,including the recognition of non-obvious difference between the normal parts and pathological ones,which were impossible to be distinguished by naked eyes,such as the basic constitutional elements of pixels and grayscale,special molecules or even some metal ions which involved into the diseases occurrence.
