In order to explore the effect mechanism of solvent on the synthesis of the metal organic framework materials, the microscopic interaction between solvent and framework and the effects of N,N-dimethyl-formamide(DMF) o...In order to explore the effect mechanism of solvent on the synthesis of the metal organic framework materials, the microscopic interaction between solvent and framework and the effects of N,N-dimethyl-formamide(DMF) or N-methyl- 2-pyrrolidone(NMP) on solvothermal synthesis of [Zn4O(BDC)3]8 were investigated through a combined DFT and experimental study. XRD and SEM showed that the absorbability of NMP in the pore of [Zn4O(BDC)3]8 was weaker than that of DMF. The thermal decomposition temperature of [Zn4O(BDC)3]8 synthesized in DMF was higher than that in NMP according to TG and FT-IR. In addition, the nitrogen sorption isotherms indicated that NMP improved gas sorption property of [Zn4O(BDC)3]8. The COSMO optimized calculations indicated that the total energy of Zn4O(BDC)3 in NMP was higher than that in DMF, and compared with non-solvent system, the charge of zinc atoms decreased and the charge value was the smallest in NMP. Furthermore, the interaction of DMF, NMP or DEF in [Zn4O(BDC)3]8 crystal model was calculated by DFT method. The results suggested that NMP should be easier to be removed from pore of materials than DMF from the point of view of energy state. It can be concluded that NMP was a favorable solvent to synthesize [Zn4O(BDC)3]8 and the microscopic mechanism was that the binding force between Zn4O(BDC)3 and NMP molecule was weaker than DMF.展开更多
On the basis of literature review,this paper discusses what interactional strategies are in group discussions conducted in the EFL classroom.Two frameworks for interactional strategies are investigated to explore the ...On the basis of literature review,this paper discusses what interactional strategies are in group discussions conducted in the EFL classroom.Two frameworks for interactional strategies are investigated to explore the types of interactional strategies.This aims to shed light upon the analysis of interactional features in face-to-face communication.展开更多
Dialogues are fundamentally driven by xu(C. Wang, 2016, 2017), a Chinese word meaning continuation that captures the process in which interlocutors participate in interaction through the actions of(utterance) completi...Dialogues are fundamentally driven by xu(C. Wang, 2016, 2017), a Chinese word meaning continuation that captures the process in which interlocutors participate in interaction through the actions of(utterance) completion,(content) extension, and(topic) creation(CEC). This article reports a conversation analytic case study designed to investigate how the continuation strategies of CEC are used in real-time communication to achieve mutual understanding, and thus to construct intersubjectivity(Verhagen, 2005) and promote the development of second language(L2)interactional competence. Our data consisted of audio and video recordings of a 25-minute conversation between two L2 English speakers, one expert and one novice, and a stimulated recall interview with them. Results revealed that the expert employed CEC at the early stage of interaction to maintain successful communication, and the novice gradually aligned with the expert and used CEC to achieve mutual understanding, construct intersubjectivity, and create opportunities for interaction and learning at the late stage, displaying her development of L2 interactional competence. Our findings have useful implications for theoretical and methodological development of the xu-argument studies as well as for xu-based L2 pedagogy.展开更多
This paper is concerned with interactional models for adults of two species delayed by their mature periods. The existence and local stability of equilibria are discussed thoroughly for competitive systems, cooperativ...This paper is concerned with interactional models for adults of two species delayed by their mature periods. The existence and local stability of equilibria are discussed thoroughly for competitive systems, cooperative systems and predator-prey systems, respectively. For systems with interaction of competition and cooperation, it is found that the two populations are uniformly persistent if the positive equilibrium is stable. For predator-prey interaction, however, some further conditions are needed to guarantee the persistence of the systems.展开更多
Although much previous research has examined the expression of interactional metadiscourse in different registers,little is known about the ways writers express interactional metadiscourse in part-genres such as disse...Although much previous research has examined the expression of interactional metadiscourse in different registers,little is known about the ways writers express interactional metadiscourse in part-genres such as dissertation abstracts.This study explores interactional metadiscourse in doctoral students’English dissertation abstracts in material science and applied linguistics.The analysis is based on two self-built corpora of student writing:60 dissertation abstracts in material science and 60 dissertation abstracts in applied linguistics.Using Hyland’s(2005)model of interactional metadiscourse,this study compared the employment of metadiscourse resources in the two corpora.Findings of the analysis show that the students in applied linguistics use significantly more interactional devices than their material science counterparts.For each type of interpersonal resource,namely,hedges,boosters,attitude markers,self-mentions and engagement markers,significant differences were found.The results reveal students’increasing awareness of the authorial identity in academic writing.The study has practical implications for the teaching of academic writing.展开更多
Soliton molecules(SMs)of the(2+1)-dimensional generalized KonopelchenkoDubrovsky-Kaup-Kupershmidt(gKDKK)equation are found by utilizing a velocity resonance ansatz to N-soliton solutions,which can transform to asymmet...Soliton molecules(SMs)of the(2+1)-dimensional generalized KonopelchenkoDubrovsky-Kaup-Kupershmidt(gKDKK)equation are found by utilizing a velocity resonance ansatz to N-soliton solutions,which can transform to asymmetric solitons upon assigning appropriate values to some parameters.Furthermore,a double-peaked lump solution can be constructed with breather degeneration approach.By applying a mixed technique of a resonance ansatz and conjugate complexes of partial parameters to multisoliton solutions,various kinds of interactional structures are constructed;There include the soliton molecule(SM),the breather molecule(BM)and the soliton-breather molecule(SBM).Graphical investigation and theoretical analysis show that the interactions composed of SM,BM and SBM are inelastic.展开更多
In this paper I describe the ways in which the communication discipline can make a hidden crisis transparent. For this purpose I examine the concept of crisis entrepreneurship from a communication point of view. Using...In this paper I describe the ways in which the communication discipline can make a hidden crisis transparent. For this purpose I examine the concept of crisis entrepreneurship from a communication point of view. Using discourse analysis, I analyse the discursive practices of crisis entrepreneurs in the domain of education in the Netherlands. This paper is part of my Ph.D. project in which I examine the dilemmas encountered by crisis entrepreneurs and the interactional solutions they choose in addressing a crisis. In my Ph.D. project I have analysed how crisis entrepreneurs use discursive practices： （1） to show thefactuality of the problem. For example, the way the problem is presented is too theoretical and is not a problem in reality; （2） to present the credibility of the messenger as an authentic, legitimate spokesman. Crisis entrepreneurs may be accused of wanting to attract attention to their own cause; （3） to create the accountability for the problem and the solution. For example, crisis entrepreneurs can be accused of nursing personal grievances or of drawing attention to the issue without actively attempting to solve it. The conclusion is that a communication professional is able to recognize a problem raised by crisis entrepreneurs. Knowledge of interactional dilemmas helps communication professionals understand the potential of crisis entrepreneurs. A communication professional can therefore contribute to the recognition of crises by acknowledging that a crisis entrepreneur is someone who can have a strong hand in the public agenda, i.e., public affairs that are important to the authorities.展开更多
This paper examines the sorts of interactional competencies and institutional demands required from students as they engage in complex forms of participation combining work and training purposes.It focuses on a series...This paper examines the sorts of interactional competencies and institutional demands required from students as they engage in complex forms of participation combining work and training purposes.It focuses on a series of empirical cases,recorded through video data and analyzed from a conversation analytic perspective,in which mentors make the decision to intervene during work sessions moderated by students.Such interventions do not interrupt the student’s activity and lead to the emergence of two distinct but not impermeable interactional spaces.This complex participation framework,known as“schisming,”contributes to overcoming practical issues within multiparty settings.Our study shows how schisming constitutes a particular sequential phenomenon where participants reorganize the interaction and co-construct a social and cognitive interactional space,thus enabling a shared understanding of the specific training context.Empirical data from the practical training of medical radiographers are used to illustrate how schisming may contribute to learning in the conditions of guided practice.展开更多
This paper presents a study that explored the effects of cooperative learning on Chinese students＇ interactional strategy use in the EFL classroom. A quasi-experimental research design was adopted. The experimental c...This paper presents a study that explored the effects of cooperative learning on Chinese students＇ interactional strategy use in the EFL classroom. A quasi-experimental research design was adopted. The experimental class （EC） participated in cooperative learning for 30 minutes in each 90-minute session in an integrated skills course while the control class （CC） had the same course following a teacher-fronted format. Interactional data of EC and CC were collected for comparison from the pre- and post-tasks conducted at the beginning and the end of the experiment respectively. The results show that EC appeared to have made more gains in interactional strategy use than CC after the experiment. Although CC made more progress in elaboration than EC, EC produced more uptakes, used much less Chinese and made fewer message abandonments, suggesting better oral fluency in their interaction as a result of cooperative learning.展开更多
The nervous system processes a vast amount of information,performing computations that underlie perception,cognition,and behavior.During development,neuronal guidance genes,which encode extracellular cues,their recept...The nervous system processes a vast amount of information,performing computations that underlie perception,cognition,and behavior.During development,neuronal guidance genes,which encode extracellular cues,their receptors,and downstream signal transducers,organize neural wiring to generate the complex architecture of the nervous system.It is now evident that many of these neuroguidance cues and their receptors are active during development and are also expressed in the adult nervous system.This suggests that neuronal guidance pathways are critical not only for neural wiring but also for ongoing function and maintenance of the mature nervous system.Supporting this view,these pathways continue to regulate synaptic connectivity,plasticity,and remodeling,and overall brain homeostasis throughout adulthood.Genetic and transcriptomic analyses have further revealed many neuronal guidance genes to be associated with a wide range of neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders.Although the precise mechanisms by which aberrant neuronal guidance signaling drives the pathogenesis of these diseases remain to be clarified,emerging evidence points to several common themes,including dysfunction in neurons,microglia,astrocytes,and endothelial cells,along with dysregulation of neuron-microglia-astrocyte,neuroimmune,and neurovascular interactions.In this review,we explore recent advances in understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which aberrant neuronal guidance signaling contributes to disease pathogenesis through altered cell-cell interactions.For instance,recent studies have unveiled two distinct semaphorin-plexin signaling pathways that affect microglial activation and neuroinflammation.We discuss the challenges ahead,along with the therapeutic potentials of targeting neuronal guidance pathways for treating neurodegenerative diseases.Particular focus is placed on how neuronal guidance mechanisms control neuron-glia and neuroimmune interactions and modulate microglial function under physiological and pathological conditions.Specifically,we examine the crosstalk between neuronal guidance signaling and TREM2,a master regulator of microglial function,in the context of pathogenic protein aggregates.It is well-established that age is a major risk factor for neurodegeneration.Future research should address how aging and neuronal guidance signaling interact to influence an individual’s susceptibility to various late-onset neurological diseases and how the progression of these diseases could be therapeutically blocked by targeting neuronal guidance pathways.展开更多
Background: The human gut microbiome is an important target for disease treatment and prevention. Various microbial species within the complex ecosystem of the microbiome have been shown to play important roles in dis...Background: The human gut microbiome is an important target for disease treatment and prevention. Various microbial species within the complex ecosystem of the microbiome have been shown to play important roles in disease. Identification of bioactive materials capable of altering the abundances of these species both safely and effectively is a major goal in microbiome research. Many traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have been reported to affect the composition of the gut microbiome. Here, we summarize studies that have used TCMs to alter the gut microbiome and discuss the response relationship between TCMs and gut microbial species. Methods: We searched the PubMed, Web of Science, and Knowledge Network databases using the terms “traditional Chinese medicine,” “gut microbiome,” and specific system disease names (endocrine, immune, nervous, cardiovascular, and digestive). Studies were excluded if irrelevant or if the experimental procedures were unclear. Results: TCMs have been reported to affect a wide range of gut microbial taxa spanning major phyla, including Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobiota, Actinobacteria, and Fusobacteria. In all, 54 TCMs including compounds and extracts have been tested in rodents and 30 have been examined in human trials. Almost all studies have reported positive results in regulating the gut microbiome as well as modulating corresponding phenotypes, spanning diseases of the endocrine, immune, nervous, cardiovascular, and digestive systems. Gut species, including Akkermansia, Bacteroides, Fusobacterium, Faecalibacterium, and E. coli, were found to be regulated by 19 TCMs. A network was constructed to visualize the interactions between TCMs and these taxa. Conclusion: There exists a complex and close relationship between intestinal microflora and diseases. Sufficient experimental data and studies have proved that the imbalance of intestinal microflora affects health by mediating metabolism, immune regulation, inflammation and signal transduction. Many characteristic alterations of intestinal microflora are positively correlated with diseases, so intestinal microflora has become a potential risk index and treatment target for many diseases. Many TCMs affect the relative abundances of microbial species in the gut, and therefore may be useful for modulating the gut microbiome. This review provides a reference for prioritizing candidate TCMs from the enormous repertoire of such medicines to test which specific gut microbes are targeted.展开更多
Recycling of waste rubber(WR)is crucial for the sustainable development of the rubber industry.The enhancement of interfacial interactions is the main strategy for waste polymer recycling.However,there is a lack of me...Recycling of waste rubber(WR)is crucial for the sustainable development of the rubber industry.The enhancement of interfacial interactions is the main strategy for waste polymer recycling.However,there is a lack of methods for enhancing the interfacial interactions for WR recycling because WR contains abundant inert C―H bonds.Herein,we designed thioctic acid inverse vulcanization copolymers to endow recycled WR with dynamic disulfide interfacial interactions,significantly improving the mechanical properties of recycled WR.These disulfide interfacial interactions among the recycled WR tend to exchange,which dramatically increases the fractocohesive length and prevents stress concentration near the crack tips.When recycled WR is subjected to external stress,the loads are redistributed across a broad region of adjacent regions instead of being concentrated on a limited length scale,which resists crack propagation.This work effectively recycled WR,providing a strategy for solvent-free reaction-derived inverse vulcanization copolymers to improve the toughness of WR recycling.展开更多
Background The enteric methane inhibitor 3-nitrooxypropanol(3-NOP)inhibits the key enzyme in ruminal methanogenesis,but whether short-term(ST)and long-term(LT)dietary supplementation has similar effects on rumen micro...Background The enteric methane inhibitor 3-nitrooxypropanol(3-NOP)inhibits the key enzyme in ruminal methanogenesis,but whether short-term(ST)and long-term(LT)dietary supplementation has similar effects on rumen microbiota in beef cattle and how microbes change after 3-NOP withdrawal have not been studied.This study investigated changes in rumen bacteria,archaea,and protozoa after ST and LT dietary supplementation and removal of 3-NOP using metataxonomic analysis.Results A total of 143 rumen samples were collected from two beef cattle studies with 3-NOP supplementation.The ST study(95 samples)used eight ruminally cannulated beef cattle in a 4×4 Latin square design with four 28-d of 3-NOP treatments[mg/kg of dry matter(DM)]:control:0,low:53,med:161,and high:345.The LT study(48 samples)was a completely randomized design with two 3-NOP treatments[control:0,and high:280 mg/kg of DM)fed for 112-d followed by a 16-d withdrawal(without 3-NOP).Bacterial and archaeal communities were significantly affected by 3-NOP supplementation but limited effects on protozoal communities were observed.Under ST supplementation,the relative abundances of Prevotella,Methanobrevibacter(Mbb.)ruminantium,Methanosphaera sp.ISO3-F5,and Entodinium were increased(Q<0.05),whereas those of Mbb.gottschalkii and Epidinium were decreased(Q<0.05)with 3-NOP supplementation.In LT study,relative abundances of Mbb.ruminantium,and Methanosphaera sp.Group5 were increased(Q<0.05),while those of Saccharofermentans and Mbb.gottschalkii were decreased(Q<0.05)with 3-NOP supplementation.Comparison between 3-NOP supplementation and the withdrawal revealed increased relative abundances of Clostridia UCG-014 and Oscillospiraceae NK4A214 group and decreased those of Eubacterium nodatum group and Methanosphaera sp.Group5(P<0.05)after 3-NOP withdrawal.Further comparison of rumen microbiota between control and 3-NOP withdrawal showed significantly higher(P=0.029)relative abundances of Eggerthellaceae DNF00809,p-1088-a5 gut group,and Family XII UCG-001 in control group while no significant differences were detected for archaea and protozoa.Microbial network analysis revealed that microbial interactions differed by both 3-NOP dose and durations.Conclusions Both ST and LT supplementation affected overall rumen microbial profile,with individual microbial groups responded to 3-NOP supplementation differently.After 3-NOP withdrawal,not all microbes showed recovery,indicating that the 3-NOP driven shifts were only partially reversible.These findings provide an understanding of the effects of 3-NOP on rumen microbial communities and their adaptability to methane mitigation strategies.展开更多
Studies of wave-current interactions are vital for the safe design of structures.Regular waves in the presence of uniform,linear shear,and quadratic shear currents are explored by the High-Level Green-Naghdi model in ...Studies of wave-current interactions are vital for the safe design of structures.Regular waves in the presence of uniform,linear shear,and quadratic shear currents are explored by the High-Level Green-Naghdi model in this paper.The five-point central difference method is used for spatial discretization,and the fourth-order Adams predictor-corrector scheme is employed for marching in time.The domain-decomposition method is applied for the wave-current generation and absorption.The effects of currents on the wave profile and velocity field are examined under two conditions:the same velocity of currents at the still-water level and the constant flow volume of currents.Wave profiles and velocity fields demonstrate substantial differences in three types of currents owing to the diverse vertical distribution of current velocity and vorticity.Then,loads on small-scale vertical cylinders subjected to regular waves and three types of background currents with the same flow volume are investigated.The maximum load intensity and load fluctuation amplitude in uniform,linear shear,and quadratic shear currents increase sequentially.The stretched superposition method overestimates the maximum load intensity and load fluctuation amplitude in opposing currents and underestimates these values in following currents.The stretched superposition method obtains a poor approximation for strong nonlinear waves,particularly in the case of the opposing quadratic shear current.展开更多
This study presents a multi-physical modeling approach to analyze the dynamics of moisture potential and stress-deformation features near deep desiccation cracks in clayey soils under three consecutive years’climate ...This study presents a multi-physical modeling approach to analyze the dynamics of moisture potential and stress-deformation features near deep desiccation cracks in clayey soils under three consecutive years’climate variability in an arid region.A triple research approach of statistical analysis,analytical framework,and numerical modeling was used to investigate the complex thermo-hydro-mechanical behavior of desiccation-cracked soil,incorporating realistic climatic data of Qom,Iran.The results revealed the interplay between stress,strain,and pore water pressure over time,demonstrating that soil experiences significant swelling and shrinkage due to cyclic wetting and drying.The horizontal stress distribution shows compressive stress concentration at crack tips during wetting,transitioning to tensile stresses uniformly across the soil surface during drying paths.Similarly,vertical stress distributions exhibit localized compressive stresses along crack boundaries during wetting and tensile stresses during drying,highlighting the critical stress conditions at crack tips.The model differentiates between microstructural and macrostructural changes in porosity.Annual trends in micro-porosity revealed cyclic-dependent behavior,with significant volumetric changes occurring in the first year,stabilizing with successive cycles.The results also indicated that part of the volumetric changes are irreversible,with volumetric plastic strain increasing exponentially but at a decreasing rate over three years.Principal stress analysis indicates a shift from compressive to tensile stress states around cracks,driven by climate-induced wetting and drying cycles.These findings underscore the critical role of climate variability in shaping cracked soil behavior in arid regions,providing insights into the heterogeneous behavior of cracked soil surfFicial layers.展开更多
Developing effective,versatile,and high-precision sensing interfaces remains a crucial challenge in human-machine-environment interaction applications.Despite progress in interaction-oriented sensing skins,limitations...Developing effective,versatile,and high-precision sensing interfaces remains a crucial challenge in human-machine-environment interaction applications.Despite progress in interaction-oriented sensing skins,limitations remain in unit-level reconfiguration,multiaxial force and motion sensing,and robust operation across dynamically changing or irregular surfaces.Herein,we develop a reconfigurable omnidirectional triboelectric whisker sensor array(RO-TWSA)comprising multiple sensing units that integrate a triboelectric whisker structure(TWS)with an untethered hydro-sealing vacuum sucker(UHSVS),enabling reversibly portable deployment and omnidirectional perception across diverse surfaces.Using a simple dual-triangular electrode layout paired with MXene/silicone nanocomposite dielectric layer,the sensor unit achieves precise omnidirectional force and motion sensing with a detection threshold as low as 0.024 N and an angular resolution of 5°,while the UHSVS provides reliable and reversible multi-surface anchoring for the sensor units by involving a newly designed hydrogel combining high mechanical robustness and superior water absorption.Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of RO-TWSA across various interactive scenarios,including teleoperation,tactile diagnostics,and robotic autonomous exploration.Overall,RO-TWSA presents a versatile and high-resolution tactile interface,offering new avenues for intelligent perception and interaction in complex real-world environments.展开更多
Embodied intelligence is redefining policing On the first day of 2026 chunyun,a period of high mobility associated with the Chinese New Year,the city of Jingzhou in Hubei Province welcomed new participants in road saf...Embodied intelligence is redefining policing On the first day of 2026 chunyun,a period of high mobility associated with the Chinese New Year,the city of Jingzhou in Hubei Province welcomed new participants in road safety:police robots capable of moving autonomously and interacting with passengers.Deployed on a trial basis on 2 February,these robots quickly demonstrated their usefulness in various urban settings.展开更多
Riparian dunes in deserts exhibit unique geographic features due to aeolian-fluvial interactions.In this study,we collected 510 surface sediment samples from eight drainage basins and conducted a systematic analysis t...Riparian dunes in deserts exhibit unique geographic features due to aeolian-fluvial interactions.In this study,we collected 510 surface sediment samples from eight drainage basins and conducted a systematic analysis to examine the grain size characteristics of major riparian dunes in the typical cold and arid deserts of China.The results indicate that major riparian dunes of deserts in study area can be classified into three types based on their grain size characteristics.The Bartlett test of sphericity and the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin(KMO)test were also performed,and their significance values were found to be 0.000 and 0.584,respectively.The results of the principal component analysis revealed that the cumulative contribution rate of the total variance reached 85.9%for the two principal components with characteristic roots greater than 1.0.The primary principal component included medium sand,whereas the secondary principal component included fine sand.We conducted a cluster analysis and classified the samples into three major types.Type I rivers include the Keriya River,Langqu River,Tora River and Heihe River,which are characterized by by fine particle size,and well-sorted.Type II includes Mu Bulag River,Kuye River,and the Xar Moron River,Compared with type I,it has a relatively coarser mean grain size and relatively poor sorting for this type.Type III includes the Maquan River,which is characterized mainly by fine sand and medium sand,accounting for more than 90%,and the sorting coefficient(0.52)suggests relatively well sorting in this pattern.Moreover,principal component analysis was applied to determine the particle sizes of samples from different watersheds.Moreover,these sediments exhibit both hydromorphic and aeolian features.At the drainage basin scale,the mode and intensity of aeolian-fluvial interactions depend on climatic conditions.In arid and semi-arid climate regions,wind is the dominant force,and the grain size exhibits significant aeolian features.Conversely,in the semi-humid region,flowing water is the dominant force,and riparian dunes in this region are formed by aeolian-fluvial interaction.The angle between the wind direction and flow direction in different reaches influences both the supply of sediment sources and the development of riparian dunes.This study will provide a new perspective for evaluating aeolian-fluvial interactions on riparian dunes in the deserts of China’s cold and arid regions.展开更多
Co-assembling chiral molecules with achiral compounds via non-covalent interactions like areneperfluoroarene(AP) interactions offers an effective approach for fabricating chiral functional materials.Herein,chiral mole...Co-assembling chiral molecules with achiral compounds via non-covalent interactions like areneperfluoroarene(AP) interactions offers an effective approach for fabricating chiral functional materials.Herein,chiral molecules L/D-PF1 and L/D-PF2 with pyrene groups were synthesized and its chiroptical properties upon co-assembly with achiral compound octafluoronaphthalene(OFN) through AP interaction were systemically studied.The co-assembly of L/D-PF1/OFN and L/D-PF2/OFN exhibited distinct chiroptical properties such as circular dichroism(CD) and circularly polarized luminescence(CPL) signals.Chirality transfer from the chirality center of L/D-PF1 and L/D-PF2 to the achiral OFN and chiral amplification were successfully achieved.Besides,no significant CPL signal was observed in the self-assembly of L/DPF1 or L/D-PF2 while co-assembly with OFN exhibited obvious CPL amplification induced by AP interaction.Notably,a reversal CD signal and CPL signal could be observed in L/D-PF2/OFN when the molar ratio changed from 1:1 to 1:2 while not found in L/D-PF1/OFN,indicating that that minor structural changes of molecules could cause large changes in assembly.In addition,a series of computational calculations were conducted to verify the AP interaction between L-PF1/L-PF2 and OFN.This work demonstrated that arene-perfluoroarene interaction could drive chiral transfer,chiral amplification and chiral inversion and provided a new method for the preparation of chiroptical materials.展开更多
基金Project(51104185)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2010QZZD003)supported by the Key Project of Central South University of Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China
文摘In order to explore the effect mechanism of solvent on the synthesis of the metal organic framework materials, the microscopic interaction between solvent and framework and the effects of N,N-dimethyl-formamide(DMF) or N-methyl- 2-pyrrolidone(NMP) on solvothermal synthesis of [Zn4O(BDC)3]8 were investigated through a combined DFT and experimental study. XRD and SEM showed that the absorbability of NMP in the pore of [Zn4O(BDC)3]8 was weaker than that of DMF. The thermal decomposition temperature of [Zn4O(BDC)3]8 synthesized in DMF was higher than that in NMP according to TG and FT-IR. In addition, the nitrogen sorption isotherms indicated that NMP improved gas sorption property of [Zn4O(BDC)3]8. The COSMO optimized calculations indicated that the total energy of Zn4O(BDC)3 in NMP was higher than that in DMF, and compared with non-solvent system, the charge of zinc atoms decreased and the charge value was the smallest in NMP. Furthermore, the interaction of DMF, NMP or DEF in [Zn4O(BDC)3]8 crystal model was calculated by DFT method. The results suggested that NMP should be easier to be removed from pore of materials than DMF from the point of view of energy state. It can be concluded that NMP was a favorable solvent to synthesize [Zn4O(BDC)3]8 and the microscopic mechanism was that the binding force between Zn4O(BDC)3 and NMP molecule was weaker than DMF.
文摘On the basis of literature review,this paper discusses what interactional strategies are in group discussions conducted in the EFL classroom.Two frameworks for interactional strategies are investigated to explore the types of interactional strategies.This aims to shed light upon the analysis of interactional features in face-to-face communication.
文摘Dialogues are fundamentally driven by xu(C. Wang, 2016, 2017), a Chinese word meaning continuation that captures the process in which interlocutors participate in interaction through the actions of(utterance) completion,(content) extension, and(topic) creation(CEC). This article reports a conversation analytic case study designed to investigate how the continuation strategies of CEC are used in real-time communication to achieve mutual understanding, and thus to construct intersubjectivity(Verhagen, 2005) and promote the development of second language(L2)interactional competence. Our data consisted of audio and video recordings of a 25-minute conversation between two L2 English speakers, one expert and one novice, and a stimulated recall interview with them. Results revealed that the expert employed CEC at the early stage of interaction to maintain successful communication, and the novice gradually aligned with the expert and used CEC to achieve mutual understanding, construct intersubjectivity, and create opportunities for interaction and learning at the late stage, displaying her development of L2 interactional competence. Our findings have useful implications for theoretical and methodological development of the xu-argument studies as well as for xu-based L2 pedagogy.
基金National Natural science Foundation of China(10771048,10671209).
文摘This paper is concerned with interactional models for adults of two species delayed by their mature periods. The existence and local stability of equilibria are discussed thoroughly for competitive systems, cooperative systems and predator-prey systems, respectively. For systems with interaction of competition and cooperation, it is found that the two populations are uniformly persistent if the positive equilibrium is stable. For predator-prey interaction, however, some further conditions are needed to guarantee the persistence of the systems.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(WUT:215217002).
文摘Although much previous research has examined the expression of interactional metadiscourse in different registers,little is known about the ways writers express interactional metadiscourse in part-genres such as dissertation abstracts.This study explores interactional metadiscourse in doctoral students’English dissertation abstracts in material science and applied linguistics.The analysis is based on two self-built corpora of student writing:60 dissertation abstracts in material science and 60 dissertation abstracts in applied linguistics.Using Hyland’s(2005)model of interactional metadiscourse,this study compared the employment of metadiscourse resources in the two corpora.Findings of the analysis show that the students in applied linguistics use significantly more interactional devices than their material science counterparts.For each type of interpersonal resource,namely,hedges,boosters,attitude markers,self-mentions and engagement markers,significant differences were found.The results reveal students’increasing awareness of the authorial identity in academic writing.The study has practical implications for the teaching of academic writing.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12001424)the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province(2021JZ-21)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2020CBLY013)。
文摘Soliton molecules(SMs)of the(2+1)-dimensional generalized KonopelchenkoDubrovsky-Kaup-Kupershmidt(gKDKK)equation are found by utilizing a velocity resonance ansatz to N-soliton solutions,which can transform to asymmetric solitons upon assigning appropriate values to some parameters.Furthermore,a double-peaked lump solution can be constructed with breather degeneration approach.By applying a mixed technique of a resonance ansatz and conjugate complexes of partial parameters to multisoliton solutions,various kinds of interactional structures are constructed;There include the soliton molecule(SM),the breather molecule(BM)and the soliton-breather molecule(SBM).Graphical investigation and theoretical analysis show that the interactions composed of SM,BM and SBM are inelastic.
文摘In this paper I describe the ways in which the communication discipline can make a hidden crisis transparent. For this purpose I examine the concept of crisis entrepreneurship from a communication point of view. Using discourse analysis, I analyse the discursive practices of crisis entrepreneurs in the domain of education in the Netherlands. This paper is part of my Ph.D. project in which I examine the dilemmas encountered by crisis entrepreneurs and the interactional solutions they choose in addressing a crisis. In my Ph.D. project I have analysed how crisis entrepreneurs use discursive practices： （1） to show thefactuality of the problem. For example, the way the problem is presented is too theoretical and is not a problem in reality; （2） to present the credibility of the messenger as an authentic, legitimate spokesman. Crisis entrepreneurs may be accused of wanting to attract attention to their own cause; （3） to create the accountability for the problem and the solution. For example, crisis entrepreneurs can be accused of nursing personal grievances or of drawing attention to the issue without actively attempting to solve it. The conclusion is that a communication professional is able to recognize a problem raised by crisis entrepreneurs. Knowledge of interactional dilemmas helps communication professionals understand the potential of crisis entrepreneurs. A communication professional can therefore contribute to the recognition of crises by acknowledging that a crisis entrepreneur is someone who can have a strong hand in the public agenda, i.e., public affairs that are important to the authorities.
文摘This paper examines the sorts of interactional competencies and institutional demands required from students as they engage in complex forms of participation combining work and training purposes.It focuses on a series of empirical cases,recorded through video data and analyzed from a conversation analytic perspective,in which mentors make the decision to intervene during work sessions moderated by students.Such interventions do not interrupt the student’s activity and lead to the emergence of two distinct but not impermeable interactional spaces.This complex participation framework,known as“schisming,”contributes to overcoming practical issues within multiparty settings.Our study shows how schisming constitutes a particular sequential phenomenon where participants reorganize the interaction and co-construct a social and cognitive interactional space,thus enabling a shared understanding of the specific training context.Empirical data from the practical training of medical radiographers are used to illustrate how schisming may contribute to learning in the conditions of guided practice.
文摘This paper presents a study that explored the effects of cooperative learning on Chinese students＇ interactional strategy use in the EFL classroom. A quasi-experimental research design was adopted. The experimental class （EC） participated in cooperative learning for 30 minutes in each 90-minute session in an integrated skills course while the control class （CC） had the same course following a teacher-fronted format. Interactional data of EC and CC were collected for comparison from the pre- and post-tasks conducted at the beginning and the end of the experiment respectively. The results show that EC appeared to have made more gains in interactional strategy use than CC after the experiment. Although CC made more progress in elaboration than EC, EC produced more uptakes, used much less Chinese and made fewer message abandonments, suggesting better oral fluency in their interaction as a result of cooperative learning.
基金supported by JSPS(KAKENHI:21K06205,23K06937,24K23419)AMED(to JYK,SaY,TM,SiY,YT,and NH)JYW had long been supported by the NIH.
文摘The nervous system processes a vast amount of information,performing computations that underlie perception,cognition,and behavior.During development,neuronal guidance genes,which encode extracellular cues,their receptors,and downstream signal transducers,organize neural wiring to generate the complex architecture of the nervous system.It is now evident that many of these neuroguidance cues and their receptors are active during development and are also expressed in the adult nervous system.This suggests that neuronal guidance pathways are critical not only for neural wiring but also for ongoing function and maintenance of the mature nervous system.Supporting this view,these pathways continue to regulate synaptic connectivity,plasticity,and remodeling,and overall brain homeostasis throughout adulthood.Genetic and transcriptomic analyses have further revealed many neuronal guidance genes to be associated with a wide range of neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders.Although the precise mechanisms by which aberrant neuronal guidance signaling drives the pathogenesis of these diseases remain to be clarified,emerging evidence points to several common themes,including dysfunction in neurons,microglia,astrocytes,and endothelial cells,along with dysregulation of neuron-microglia-astrocyte,neuroimmune,and neurovascular interactions.In this review,we explore recent advances in understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which aberrant neuronal guidance signaling contributes to disease pathogenesis through altered cell-cell interactions.For instance,recent studies have unveiled two distinct semaphorin-plexin signaling pathways that affect microglial activation and neuroinflammation.We discuss the challenges ahead,along with the therapeutic potentials of targeting neuronal guidance pathways for treating neurodegenerative diseases.Particular focus is placed on how neuronal guidance mechanisms control neuron-glia and neuroimmune interactions and modulate microglial function under physiological and pathological conditions.Specifically,we examine the crosstalk between neuronal guidance signaling and TREM2,a master regulator of microglial function,in the context of pathogenic protein aggregates.It is well-established that age is a major risk factor for neurodegeneration.Future research should address how aging and neuronal guidance signaling interact to influence an individual’s susceptibility to various late-onset neurological diseases and how the progression of these diseases could be therapeutically blocked by targeting neuronal guidance pathways.
基金funding by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82174492)National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion Project(N o.ZJJBGS2024002-1).
文摘Background: The human gut microbiome is an important target for disease treatment and prevention. Various microbial species within the complex ecosystem of the microbiome have been shown to play important roles in disease. Identification of bioactive materials capable of altering the abundances of these species both safely and effectively is a major goal in microbiome research. Many traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have been reported to affect the composition of the gut microbiome. Here, we summarize studies that have used TCMs to alter the gut microbiome and discuss the response relationship between TCMs and gut microbial species. Methods: We searched the PubMed, Web of Science, and Knowledge Network databases using the terms “traditional Chinese medicine,” “gut microbiome,” and specific system disease names (endocrine, immune, nervous, cardiovascular, and digestive). Studies were excluded if irrelevant or if the experimental procedures were unclear. Results: TCMs have been reported to affect a wide range of gut microbial taxa spanning major phyla, including Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobiota, Actinobacteria, and Fusobacteria. In all, 54 TCMs including compounds and extracts have been tested in rodents and 30 have been examined in human trials. Almost all studies have reported positive results in regulating the gut microbiome as well as modulating corresponding phenotypes, spanning diseases of the endocrine, immune, nervous, cardiovascular, and digestive systems. Gut species, including Akkermansia, Bacteroides, Fusobacterium, Faecalibacterium, and E. coli, were found to be regulated by 19 TCMs. A network was constructed to visualize the interactions between TCMs and these taxa. Conclusion: There exists a complex and close relationship between intestinal microflora and diseases. Sufficient experimental data and studies have proved that the imbalance of intestinal microflora affects health by mediating metabolism, immune regulation, inflammation and signal transduction. Many characteristic alterations of intestinal microflora are positively correlated with diseases, so intestinal microflora has become a potential risk index and treatment target for many diseases. Many TCMs affect the relative abundances of microbial species in the gut, and therefore may be useful for modulating the gut microbiome. This review provides a reference for prioritizing candidate TCMs from the enormous repertoire of such medicines to test which specific gut microbes are targeted.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52363007)。
文摘Recycling of waste rubber(WR)is crucial for the sustainable development of the rubber industry.The enhancement of interfacial interactions is the main strategy for waste polymer recycling.However,there is a lack of methods for enhancing the interfacial interactions for WR recycling because WR contains abundant inert C―H bonds.Herein,we designed thioctic acid inverse vulcanization copolymers to endow recycled WR with dynamic disulfide interfacial interactions,significantly improving the mechanical properties of recycled WR.These disulfide interfacial interactions among the recycled WR tend to exchange,which dramatically increases the fractocohesive length and prevents stress concentration near the crack tips.When recycled WR is subjected to external stress,the loads are redistributed across a broad region of adjacent regions instead of being concentrated on a limited length scale,which resists crack propagation.This work effectively recycled WR,providing a strategy for solvent-free reaction-derived inverse vulcanization copolymers to improve the toughness of WR recycling.
基金funded by the Beef Cattle Research Council Cluster(FDE.18.21C)Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada(NSERC)Discovery,NSERC Canadian Research Chair(Tier 1)program+2 种基金NSERC Alliance program(ALLRP 588541‐23)Foundation for Food&Agriculture Research Greener Cattle Initiative(Award ID 22‐000373)DSM Nutritional Products,Kaiseraugst,Switzerland。
文摘Background The enteric methane inhibitor 3-nitrooxypropanol(3-NOP)inhibits the key enzyme in ruminal methanogenesis,but whether short-term(ST)and long-term(LT)dietary supplementation has similar effects on rumen microbiota in beef cattle and how microbes change after 3-NOP withdrawal have not been studied.This study investigated changes in rumen bacteria,archaea,and protozoa after ST and LT dietary supplementation and removal of 3-NOP using metataxonomic analysis.Results A total of 143 rumen samples were collected from two beef cattle studies with 3-NOP supplementation.The ST study(95 samples)used eight ruminally cannulated beef cattle in a 4×4 Latin square design with four 28-d of 3-NOP treatments[mg/kg of dry matter(DM)]:control:0,low:53,med:161,and high:345.The LT study(48 samples)was a completely randomized design with two 3-NOP treatments[control:0,and high:280 mg/kg of DM)fed for 112-d followed by a 16-d withdrawal(without 3-NOP).Bacterial and archaeal communities were significantly affected by 3-NOP supplementation but limited effects on protozoal communities were observed.Under ST supplementation,the relative abundances of Prevotella,Methanobrevibacter(Mbb.)ruminantium,Methanosphaera sp.ISO3-F5,and Entodinium were increased(Q<0.05),whereas those of Mbb.gottschalkii and Epidinium were decreased(Q<0.05)with 3-NOP supplementation.In LT study,relative abundances of Mbb.ruminantium,and Methanosphaera sp.Group5 were increased(Q<0.05),while those of Saccharofermentans and Mbb.gottschalkii were decreased(Q<0.05)with 3-NOP supplementation.Comparison between 3-NOP supplementation and the withdrawal revealed increased relative abundances of Clostridia UCG-014 and Oscillospiraceae NK4A214 group and decreased those of Eubacterium nodatum group and Methanosphaera sp.Group5(P<0.05)after 3-NOP withdrawal.Further comparison of rumen microbiota between control and 3-NOP withdrawal showed significantly higher(P=0.029)relative abundances of Eggerthellaceae DNF00809,p-1088-a5 gut group,and Family XII UCG-001 in control group while no significant differences were detected for archaea and protozoa.Microbial network analysis revealed that microbial interactions differed by both 3-NOP dose and durations.Conclusions Both ST and LT supplementation affected overall rumen microbial profile,with individual microbial groups responded to 3-NOP supplementation differently.After 3-NOP withdrawal,not all microbes showed recovery,indicating that the 3-NOP driven shifts were only partially reversible.These findings provide an understanding of the effects of 3-NOP on rumen microbial communities and their adaptability to methane mitigation strategies.
基金Supported by the Development and Application Project of Ship CAE Software.
文摘Studies of wave-current interactions are vital for the safe design of structures.Regular waves in the presence of uniform,linear shear,and quadratic shear currents are explored by the High-Level Green-Naghdi model in this paper.The five-point central difference method is used for spatial discretization,and the fourth-order Adams predictor-corrector scheme is employed for marching in time.The domain-decomposition method is applied for the wave-current generation and absorption.The effects of currents on the wave profile and velocity field are examined under two conditions:the same velocity of currents at the still-water level and the constant flow volume of currents.Wave profiles and velocity fields demonstrate substantial differences in three types of currents owing to the diverse vertical distribution of current velocity and vorticity.Then,loads on small-scale vertical cylinders subjected to regular waves and three types of background currents with the same flow volume are investigated.The maximum load intensity and load fluctuation amplitude in uniform,linear shear,and quadratic shear currents increase sequentially.The stretched superposition method overestimates the maximum load intensity and load fluctuation amplitude in opposing currents and underestimates these values in following currents.The stretched superposition method obtains a poor approximation for strong nonlinear waves,particularly in the case of the opposing quadratic shear current.
基金support provided by the Research Grant Office at Sharif University Technology by way of grants G4010902 and QB020105 is gratefully acknowledged.
文摘This study presents a multi-physical modeling approach to analyze the dynamics of moisture potential and stress-deformation features near deep desiccation cracks in clayey soils under three consecutive years’climate variability in an arid region.A triple research approach of statistical analysis,analytical framework,and numerical modeling was used to investigate the complex thermo-hydro-mechanical behavior of desiccation-cracked soil,incorporating realistic climatic data of Qom,Iran.The results revealed the interplay between stress,strain,and pore water pressure over time,demonstrating that soil experiences significant swelling and shrinkage due to cyclic wetting and drying.The horizontal stress distribution shows compressive stress concentration at crack tips during wetting,transitioning to tensile stresses uniformly across the soil surface during drying paths.Similarly,vertical stress distributions exhibit localized compressive stresses along crack boundaries during wetting and tensile stresses during drying,highlighting the critical stress conditions at crack tips.The model differentiates between microstructural and macrostructural changes in porosity.Annual trends in micro-porosity revealed cyclic-dependent behavior,with significant volumetric changes occurring in the first year,stabilizing with successive cycles.The results also indicated that part of the volumetric changes are irreversible,with volumetric plastic strain increasing exponentially but at a decreasing rate over three years.Principal stress analysis indicates a shift from compressive to tensile stress states around cracks,driven by climate-induced wetting and drying cycles.These findings underscore the critical role of climate variability in shaping cracked soil behavior in arid regions,providing insights into the heterogeneous behavior of cracked soil surfFicial layers.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(General Program)under Grant 52571385National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2024YFC2815000 and No.2024YFB3816000)+12 种基金Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Deep-sea Manned Vehicles(Grant No.2025SKLDMV07)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(WDZC20231128114452001,JCYJ20240813112107010 and JCYJ20240813111910014)the Tsinghua SIGS Scientific Research Startup Fund(QD2022021C)the Dreams Foundation of Jianghuai Advance Technology Center(2023-ZM 01 Z006)the Ocean Decade International Cooperation Center(ODCC)(GHZZ3702840002024020000026)Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Marine Ecology(ZDSYS20230626091459009)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(No.KJZD20240903100905008)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22305141)Pearl River Talent Program(No.2023QN10C114)General Program of Guangdong Province(No.2025A1515011700)the Guangdong Innovative and Entrepreneurial Research Team Program(2023ZT10C040)Scientific Research Foundation from Shenzhen Finance Bureau(No.GJHZ20240218113600002)Tsinghua University(JC2023001).
文摘Developing effective,versatile,and high-precision sensing interfaces remains a crucial challenge in human-machine-environment interaction applications.Despite progress in interaction-oriented sensing skins,limitations remain in unit-level reconfiguration,multiaxial force and motion sensing,and robust operation across dynamically changing or irregular surfaces.Herein,we develop a reconfigurable omnidirectional triboelectric whisker sensor array(RO-TWSA)comprising multiple sensing units that integrate a triboelectric whisker structure(TWS)with an untethered hydro-sealing vacuum sucker(UHSVS),enabling reversibly portable deployment and omnidirectional perception across diverse surfaces.Using a simple dual-triangular electrode layout paired with MXene/silicone nanocomposite dielectric layer,the sensor unit achieves precise omnidirectional force and motion sensing with a detection threshold as low as 0.024 N and an angular resolution of 5°,while the UHSVS provides reliable and reversible multi-surface anchoring for the sensor units by involving a newly designed hydrogel combining high mechanical robustness and superior water absorption.Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of RO-TWSA across various interactive scenarios,including teleoperation,tactile diagnostics,and robotic autonomous exploration.Overall,RO-TWSA presents a versatile and high-resolution tactile interface,offering new avenues for intelligent perception and interaction in complex real-world environments.
文摘Embodied intelligence is redefining policing On the first day of 2026 chunyun,a period of high mobility associated with the Chinese New Year,the city of Jingzhou in Hubei Province welcomed new participants in road safety:police robots capable of moving autonomously and interacting with passengers.Deployed on a trial basis on 2 February,these robots quickly demonstrated their usefulness in various urban settings.
基金Under the auspices of the General Project of Science and Technology Department of Shaanxi Province(No.2023-JCYB-264)General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41801004,42371008,42471012)。
文摘Riparian dunes in deserts exhibit unique geographic features due to aeolian-fluvial interactions.In this study,we collected 510 surface sediment samples from eight drainage basins and conducted a systematic analysis to examine the grain size characteristics of major riparian dunes in the typical cold and arid deserts of China.The results indicate that major riparian dunes of deserts in study area can be classified into three types based on their grain size characteristics.The Bartlett test of sphericity and the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin(KMO)test were also performed,and their significance values were found to be 0.000 and 0.584,respectively.The results of the principal component analysis revealed that the cumulative contribution rate of the total variance reached 85.9%for the two principal components with characteristic roots greater than 1.0.The primary principal component included medium sand,whereas the secondary principal component included fine sand.We conducted a cluster analysis and classified the samples into three major types.Type I rivers include the Keriya River,Langqu River,Tora River and Heihe River,which are characterized by by fine particle size,and well-sorted.Type II includes Mu Bulag River,Kuye River,and the Xar Moron River,Compared with type I,it has a relatively coarser mean grain size and relatively poor sorting for this type.Type III includes the Maquan River,which is characterized mainly by fine sand and medium sand,accounting for more than 90%,and the sorting coefficient(0.52)suggests relatively well sorting in this pattern.Moreover,principal component analysis was applied to determine the particle sizes of samples from different watersheds.Moreover,these sediments exhibit both hydromorphic and aeolian features.At the drainage basin scale,the mode and intensity of aeolian-fluvial interactions depend on climatic conditions.In arid and semi-arid climate regions,wind is the dominant force,and the grain size exhibits significant aeolian features.Conversely,in the semi-humid region,flowing water is the dominant force,and riparian dunes in this region are formed by aeolian-fluvial interaction.The angle between the wind direction and flow direction in different reaches influences both the supply of sediment sources and the development of riparian dunes.This study will provide a new perspective for evaluating aeolian-fluvial interactions on riparian dunes in the deserts of China’s cold and arid regions.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.22171165 and 22371170)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (No.ZR2022MB080)Scientific and Technological Frontiers in Project of Henan Province(No.242102110192)。
文摘Co-assembling chiral molecules with achiral compounds via non-covalent interactions like areneperfluoroarene(AP) interactions offers an effective approach for fabricating chiral functional materials.Herein,chiral molecules L/D-PF1 and L/D-PF2 with pyrene groups were synthesized and its chiroptical properties upon co-assembly with achiral compound octafluoronaphthalene(OFN) through AP interaction were systemically studied.The co-assembly of L/D-PF1/OFN and L/D-PF2/OFN exhibited distinct chiroptical properties such as circular dichroism(CD) and circularly polarized luminescence(CPL) signals.Chirality transfer from the chirality center of L/D-PF1 and L/D-PF2 to the achiral OFN and chiral amplification were successfully achieved.Besides,no significant CPL signal was observed in the self-assembly of L/DPF1 or L/D-PF2 while co-assembly with OFN exhibited obvious CPL amplification induced by AP interaction.Notably,a reversal CD signal and CPL signal could be observed in L/D-PF2/OFN when the molar ratio changed from 1:1 to 1:2 while not found in L/D-PF1/OFN,indicating that that minor structural changes of molecules could cause large changes in assembly.In addition,a series of computational calculations were conducted to verify the AP interaction between L-PF1/L-PF2 and OFN.This work demonstrated that arene-perfluoroarene interaction could drive chiral transfer,chiral amplification and chiral inversion and provided a new method for the preparation of chiroptical materials.
