A novel method is developed by utilizing the fractional frequency based multirange rulers to precisely position the passive inter-modulation(PIM)sources within radio frequency(RF)cables.The proposed method employs a s...A novel method is developed by utilizing the fractional frequency based multirange rulers to precisely position the passive inter-modulation(PIM)sources within radio frequency(RF)cables.The proposed method employs a set of fractional frequencies to create multiple measuring rulers with different metric ranges to determine the values of the tens,ones,tenths,and hundredths digits of the distance.Among these rulers,the one with the lowest frequency determines the maximum metric range,while the one with the highest frequency decides the highest achievable accuracy of the position system.For all rulers,the metric accuracy is uniquely determined by the phase accuracy of the detected PIM signals.With the all-phase Fourier transform method,the phases of the PIM signals at all fractional frequencies maintain almost the same accuracy,approximately 1°(about 1/360 wavelength in the positioning accuracy)at the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)of 10 d B.Numerical simulations verify the effectiveness of the proposed method,improving the positioning accuracy of the cable PIM up to a millimeter level with the highest fractional frequency operating at 200 MHz.展开更多
Polymers of intrinsic microporosity(PIMs)have received considerable attention for making high-performance membranes for carbon dioxide separation over the last two decades,owing to their highly permeable porous struct...Polymers of intrinsic microporosity(PIMs)have received considerable attention for making high-performance membranes for carbon dioxide separation over the last two decades,owing to their highly permeable porous structures.However,challenges regarding its relatively low selectivity,physical aging,and plasticisation impede relevant industrial adoptions for gas separation.To address these issues,several strategies including chain modification,post-modification,blending with other polymers,and the addition of fillers,have been developed and explored.PIM-1 is the most investigated PIMs,and hence here we review the stateof-the-arts of the modification strategies of PIM-1 critically and discuss the progress achieved for addressing the aforementioned challenges via meta-analysis.Additionally,the development of PIM-1-based thin film composite membranes is commented as well,shedding light on their potential in industrial gas separation.We hope that the review can be a timely snapshot of the relevant state-of-the-arts of PIMs guiding future design and optimisation of PIMs-based membranes for enhanced performance towards a higher technology readiness level for practical applications.展开更多
目的探讨γ干扰素(interferon-gamma,INF-γ)、微小RNA-29a(microRNA-29a,miR-29a)、原癌基因PIM-1(proto-oncogene PIM-1,PIM-1)标志物在结核性胸膜炎合并胸腔积液中的表达水平变化及其与临床特征的关系。方法选取2021年5月—2023年6...目的探讨γ干扰素(interferon-gamma,INF-γ)、微小RNA-29a(microRNA-29a,miR-29a)、原癌基因PIM-1(proto-oncogene PIM-1,PIM-1)标志物在结核性胸膜炎合并胸腔积液中的表达水平变化及其与临床特征的关系。方法选取2021年5月—2023年6月在某医院就诊的107例结核性胸膜炎患者为研究对象,按照诊断结果分为结核性胸膜炎合并胸腔积液组(n=69)和单纯结核性胸膜炎组(n=38)。对比两组INF-γ、miR-29a、PIM-1表达水平差异,Spearman相关系数分析INF-γ、miR-29a、PIM-1表达水平与结核性胸膜炎合并胸腔积液的相关性;受试者操作特征(receiver operator characteristic,ROC)曲线分析INF-γ、miR-29a、PIM-1及其联合检测对结核性胸膜炎合并胸腔积液的预测效能,计量资料数据比较分析采用t检验,计数资料的比较采用χ^(2)检验。结果与单纯结核性胸膜炎组相比,结核性胸膜炎合并积液组的INF-γ(t=-5.440,P<0.001)、miR-29a(t=-3.561,P=0.001)、PIM-1(t=-3.232,P=0.002)均升高;Spearman相关系数分析显示,INF-γ、miR-29a、PIM-1表达水平与结核性胸膜炎合并胸腔积液呈正相关(r=0.443,P<0.001;r=0.332,P<0.001;r=0.291,P=0.002);ROC曲线显示,INF-γ、miR-29a、PIM-1单独及联合检测预测结核性胸膜炎合并胸腔积液的曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)分别为0.764、0.701、0.663和0.838,与INF-γ、miR-29a、PIM-1单独检测相比,联合检测对结核性胸膜炎合并胸腔积液具有较高的诊断效能(Z=1.983、2.168、2.859,P=0.047、0.030、0.004)。结论结核性胸膜炎合并胸腔积液患者INF-γ、miR-29a、PIM-1表达水平均表现为特异性的上调,这种联合检测对预测结核性胸膜炎患者是否合并胸腔积液具有良好的预测效能,值得临床推广应用。展开更多
文摘A novel method is developed by utilizing the fractional frequency based multirange rulers to precisely position the passive inter-modulation(PIM)sources within radio frequency(RF)cables.The proposed method employs a set of fractional frequencies to create multiple measuring rulers with different metric ranges to determine the values of the tens,ones,tenths,and hundredths digits of the distance.Among these rulers,the one with the lowest frequency determines the maximum metric range,while the one with the highest frequency decides the highest achievable accuracy of the position system.For all rulers,the metric accuracy is uniquely determined by the phase accuracy of the detected PIM signals.With the all-phase Fourier transform method,the phases of the PIM signals at all fractional frequencies maintain almost the same accuracy,approximately 1°(about 1/360 wavelength in the positioning accuracy)at the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)of 10 d B.Numerical simulations verify the effectiveness of the proposed method,improving the positioning accuracy of the cable PIM up to a millimeter level with the highest fractional frequency operating at 200 MHz.
基金funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 872102the China Scholarship Council(CSC,file no.202006240076)-University of Manchester joint studentship for supporting the PhD researchthe special innovation project fund from the Institute of Wenzhou,Zhejiang University(No.XMGL-KJZX-202204)。
文摘Polymers of intrinsic microporosity(PIMs)have received considerable attention for making high-performance membranes for carbon dioxide separation over the last two decades,owing to their highly permeable porous structures.However,challenges regarding its relatively low selectivity,physical aging,and plasticisation impede relevant industrial adoptions for gas separation.To address these issues,several strategies including chain modification,post-modification,blending with other polymers,and the addition of fillers,have been developed and explored.PIM-1 is the most investigated PIMs,and hence here we review the stateof-the-arts of the modification strategies of PIM-1 critically and discuss the progress achieved for addressing the aforementioned challenges via meta-analysis.Additionally,the development of PIM-1-based thin film composite membranes is commented as well,shedding light on their potential in industrial gas separation.We hope that the review can be a timely snapshot of the relevant state-of-the-arts of PIMs guiding future design and optimisation of PIMs-based membranes for enhanced performance towards a higher technology readiness level for practical applications.
文摘目的探讨γ干扰素(interferon-gamma,INF-γ)、微小RNA-29a(microRNA-29a,miR-29a)、原癌基因PIM-1(proto-oncogene PIM-1,PIM-1)标志物在结核性胸膜炎合并胸腔积液中的表达水平变化及其与临床特征的关系。方法选取2021年5月—2023年6月在某医院就诊的107例结核性胸膜炎患者为研究对象,按照诊断结果分为结核性胸膜炎合并胸腔积液组(n=69)和单纯结核性胸膜炎组(n=38)。对比两组INF-γ、miR-29a、PIM-1表达水平差异,Spearman相关系数分析INF-γ、miR-29a、PIM-1表达水平与结核性胸膜炎合并胸腔积液的相关性;受试者操作特征(receiver operator characteristic,ROC)曲线分析INF-γ、miR-29a、PIM-1及其联合检测对结核性胸膜炎合并胸腔积液的预测效能,计量资料数据比较分析采用t检验,计数资料的比较采用χ^(2)检验。结果与单纯结核性胸膜炎组相比,结核性胸膜炎合并积液组的INF-γ(t=-5.440,P<0.001)、miR-29a(t=-3.561,P=0.001)、PIM-1(t=-3.232,P=0.002)均升高;Spearman相关系数分析显示,INF-γ、miR-29a、PIM-1表达水平与结核性胸膜炎合并胸腔积液呈正相关(r=0.443,P<0.001;r=0.332,P<0.001;r=0.291,P=0.002);ROC曲线显示,INF-γ、miR-29a、PIM-1单独及联合检测预测结核性胸膜炎合并胸腔积液的曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)分别为0.764、0.701、0.663和0.838,与INF-γ、miR-29a、PIM-1单独检测相比,联合检测对结核性胸膜炎合并胸腔积液具有较高的诊断效能(Z=1.983、2.168、2.859,P=0.047、0.030、0.004)。结论结核性胸膜炎合并胸腔积液患者INF-γ、miR-29a、PIM-1表达水平均表现为特异性的上调,这种联合检测对预测结核性胸膜炎患者是否合并胸腔积液具有良好的预测效能,值得临床推广应用。
