Intentional tooth replantation(ITR)is an advanced treatment modality and the procedure of last resort for preserving teeth with inaccessible endodontic or resorptive lesions.ITR is defined as the deliberate extraction...Intentional tooth replantation(ITR)is an advanced treatment modality and the procedure of last resort for preserving teeth with inaccessible endodontic or resorptive lesions.ITR is defined as the deliberate extraction of a tooth;evaluation of the root surface,endodontic manipulation,and repair;and placement of the tooth back into its original socket.Case reports,case series,cohort studies,and randomized controlled trials have demonstrated the efficacy of ITR in the retention of natural teeth that are untreatable or difficult to manage with root canal treatment or endodontic microsurgery.However,variations in clinical protocols for ITR exist due to the empirical nature of the original protocols and rapid advancements in the field of oral biology and dental materials.This heterogeneity in protocols may cause confusion among dental practitioners;therefore,guidelines and considerations for ITR should be explicated.This expert consensus discusses the biological foundation of ITR,the available clinical protocols and current status of ITR in treating teeth with refractory apical periodontitis or anatomical aberration,and the main complications of this treatment,aiming to refine the clinical management of ITR in accordance with the progress of basic research and clinical studies;the findings suggest that ITR may become a more consistent evidence-based option in dental treatment.展开更多
This study investigated the role of intentional self-regulation and the moderating role of peer relationship in the relationship between teacher-student relationship and learning engagement.The study sample comprised ...This study investigated the role of intentional self-regulation and the moderating role of peer relationship in the relationship between teacher-student relationship and learning engagement.The study sample comprised 540 Chinese senior secondary school students between the ages of 15–18(51.67%boys;Mage=16.56 years;SDage=0.90).They completed surveys on the Teacher-Student Relationship Scale,the Selection,Optimization,and Compensation(SOC)Scale,the Peer Relationship Scale for Children and Adolescents,and the Learning Engagement Scale.The results following regression analysis showed that teacher-student relationship predicted higher learning engagement among senior secondary school students.Intentional self-regulation partially mediated the link between teacher-student relationship and learning engagement for higher learning engagement.Peer relationship moderated the relationships between teacher-student relationship and learning engagement and moderated the relationship between teacher-student relationship and intentional self-regulation for higher learning engagement.Thesefindings imply learning engagement can be enhanced by optimizing teacher-student relationship and strengthening intentional self-regulation interventions.展开更多
Internet gaming disorder(IGD)among junior high school students is an increasingly prominent mental health concern.It is important to look for influences behind internet gaming disorder tendency(IGDT)in the junior high...Internet gaming disorder(IGD)among junior high school students is an increasingly prominent mental health concern.It is important to look for influences behind internet gaming disorder tendency(IGDT)in the junior high school student population.The present study aimed to reveal the explanatory mechanisms underlying the association between parental psychological control(PPC)and internet gaming disorder tendency among junior high school students by testing the mediating role of core self-evaluation(CSE)and the moderating role of intentional self-regulation(ISR).Participants in present study were 735 Chinese junior high school students who completed offline self-report questionnaires on parental psychological control,core self-evaluation,intentional self-regulation,and Internet gaming disorder tendency.Analyses were conducted via mediation and moderated mediation.The results showed that:(1)Parental psychological control was positively related to junior high school students’Internet gaming disorder tendency.Core self-evaluation,and intentional self-regulation were negatively related to junior high school students’Internet gaming disorder tendency,respectively.(2)Core self-evaluation partially mediated the relationship between parental psychological control and junior high school students’Internet gaming disorder tendency.(3)Intentional self-regulation moderated the association between parental psychological control and Internet gaming disorder tendency,as well as the relationships between parental psychological control and core self-evaluation and core self-evaluation and Internet gaming disorder tendency in the mediated model.Based on these findings,we believe that there is a need to weaken parental psychological control,strengthen junior high school students’core self-evaluation and intentional self-regulation,and to recognize the important role of parents as well as their children’s personal positive traits in the healthy development of junior high school students.展开更多
The study of brain function in the presence of pain and injury is a rapidly expanding field of experimental research.Clinically,the presence of pain and injury is often accompanied by reports of behavioural change and...The study of brain function in the presence of pain and injury is a rapidly expanding field of experimental research.Clinically,the presence of pain and injury is often accompanied by reports of behavioural change and altered cognition.Even in a highly controlled environment such as the surgical operating theatre postoperative behavioural changes including posttraumatic stress disorder,depression,chronic fatigue,展开更多
BACKGROUND A radicular groove is an anatomic malformation that usually initiates at the central fossa,extending along the root at varying lengths and depths and predisposes the involved tooth to a severe periodontal d...BACKGROUND A radicular groove is an anatomic malformation that usually initiates at the central fossa,extending along the root at varying lengths and depths and predisposes the involved tooth to a severe periodontal defect.Severe grooves that extend to the root apex often lead to complex combined periodontal-endodontic lesions.They are a serious challenge for doctors to diagnose and treat.CASE SUMMARY In this report,we described a patient with a maxillary lateral incisor with a deep palatogingival groove with two roots,which led to complex combined periodontal-endodontic lesions.Suggested treatment modalities included curettage of the affected tissues,elimination of the groove by grinding and/or sealing with a variety of filling materials,and surgical procedures.In this case,a combination of endodontic therapy,intentional replantation,and root resection were used,which resulted in periodontal/periradicular healing after 12 mo.CONCLUSION Intentional replantation and root resection offer a predictable procedure and should be considered a viable treatment modality for the management of palatogingival grooves,especially for two-rooted teeth.展开更多
BACKGROUND TypeⅢb dens invaginatus(DI)with a lateral canal located at the mid-third of the root is rarely reported.Here,we report a rare case of typeⅢb DI in the left upper anterior tooth with a lateral canal that l...BACKGROUND TypeⅢb dens invaginatus(DI)with a lateral canal located at the mid-third of the root is rarely reported.Here,we report a rare case of typeⅢb DI in the left upper anterior tooth with a lateral canal that led to persistent periodontitis.CASE SUMMARY A 15-year-old female patient presented with a chief complaint of pain associated with recurrent labial swelling in the area of the left anterior tooth.A diagnosis of typeⅢb DI and chronic periodontitis was made.Intentional replantation was performed after conventional endodontic treatment failed.After 6 mo,the patient was asymptomatic,but a sinus tract was observed.Cone-beam computed tomography images showed bone loss in the mesial of the mid-root.Based on methylene blue staining and microscopy images,the lateral foramen located at the middle third of the root was surgically treated.After 3 years of follow-up,the clinical findings and radiographic assessment presented a favorable prognosis of bone healing without root absorption or ankylosis.CONCLUSION TypeⅢb DI with a lateral canal can be successfully treated by root canal treatment,intentional replantation,and surgical therapy.展开更多
1 Introduction The human population is projected to reach 9200million by 2050.A fundamental question for science is whether it is possible to increase food production to meet the demands of a human population of that ...1 Introduction The human population is projected to reach 9200million by 2050.A fundamental question for science is whether it is possible to increase food production to meet the demands of a human population of that magnitude.It’s possible only to increase an aquaculture production.Cultivation of fish/shrimp larvae is a bottleneck in a cultivation of the different organisms.Live food展开更多
With the development of wireless communication technology, the electromagnetic environment has become more and more complex. Conventional signal identification methods are difficult to accurately identify illegal devi...With the development of wireless communication technology, the electromagnetic environment has become more and more complex. Conventional signal identification methods are difficult to accurately identify illegal devices. However, electromagnetic signals have an unavoidable device-specific characteristic unintentionally generated by a transmitter, appearing in the form of an Un Intentional Modulation(UIM), namely Radio Frequency Fingerprint(RFF). RFFs can be used to uniquely identify an emitter to match a received signal with its source. In this paper, the authors propose a novel RFF scheme to separate UIM part from the original signals from the time and frequency domain, and then utilize non-Gaussian measuring tools to extract a set of dimensionreduced secondary features. Additionally, Singular Value Reconstruction(SVR) is developed to extract UIM in the frequency spectrum. In time domain, a curve-fitting residual method is proposed to extract the UIM on the estimated instantaneous phase based on Maximum Likelihood Estimator(MLE). Various aspects of the proposed method are evaluated, including identification accuracy under various Signal-to-Noise Ratio(SNR) conditions, energy relationships between the UIM and the whole signal, and sensitivity to training set size. Compared with other methods, experimental results based on real-world signals prove that the proposed method has remarkable performance and high practicability.展开更多
Considering the finite actions of a field on the matter and the space which used to infiltrate their quantum reality at level particle, methods are developed to serve to base the concept of “intentional action” of a...Considering the finite actions of a field on the matter and the space which used to infiltrate their quantum reality at level particle, methods are developed to serve to base the concept of “intentional action” of a field and their ordered and supported effects (synergy) that must be realized for the “organized transformation” of the space and matter. Using path integrals, these transformations are decoded and their quantum principles are shown.展开更多
Individuals’perceptions,attitudes,and patterns of getting along with family members are important factors influencing Chinese people’s self-evaluation.The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of family co...Individuals’perceptions,attitudes,and patterns of getting along with family members are important factors influencing Chinese people’s self-evaluation.The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of family cohesion on depression and the role of perceived social support and intentional self-regulation in this association.A hypothesized model of the association of family cohesion,perceived social support,intentional self-regulation,and depression was examined.A convenience sampling method was used to survey 1,180 college students in Yunnan Province using self-report.Data were collected using the Family Cohesion Scale,the Perceived Social Support Scale,the Intentional Self-Regulation Scale,and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale.The findings revealed low to moderate correlation between the variables studied.College students’family cohesion was a negative predictor of their depression.This association was also mediated by the knock-on effect of perceived social support and intentional self-regulation.These findings show how family cohesion affects college students’depressive status.Specifically,these results help demonstrate the importance of family cohesion,perceived social support,and intentional self-regulation in optimizing students’depression,which in turn can promote better psychological states.展开更多
Mistranslation has always been received with negative reactions among the translation community for a long time.Post-colonial translation theory forms an intersection with translatology and brings translation studies ...Mistranslation has always been received with negative reactions among the translation community for a long time.Post-colonial translation theory forms an intersection with translatology and brings translation studies from linguistics to the hidden factors such as politics,cultures and aesthetics that influence the formation of translations.From the perspective of post-colonial translation theory,this article makes comparisons with intentional mistranslation among the two English versions of Shuo Ren,and analyzes the causes that affect the intentional mistranslation of different translators.In conclusion,translators in strong cultures may misuse intentional mistranslation to“dump”their own culture,political views,or religious beliefs,so as to promote cultural aggression against the colonized or former colonial countries.In addition,domestic translators should adopt appropriate intentional mistranslation to ensure more acceptance and spreading of Chinese culture in the world.展开更多
Vocabulary learning and teaching usually consists of two components, namely, intentional vocabulary acquisition and incidental vocabulary acquisition. Indeed,intentional learning and incidental learning have their own...Vocabulary learning and teaching usually consists of two components, namely, intentional vocabulary acquisition and incidental vocabulary acquisition. Indeed,intentional learning and incidental learning have their own characteristics and advantages, and thus they may play unequal roles in learners' vocabulary acquisition. This essay will compare intentional and incidental vocabulary acquisition approaches as well as explore to what extent these two approaches are effective.展开更多
Evaluation of Gamma Index Analysis for Detecting Errors in Patient-specific Quality Assurance in Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy Taylan Tugrul1(1.Department of Radiation Oncology,Medicine Faculty of Van Yüzü...Evaluation of Gamma Index Analysis for Detecting Errors in Patient-specific Quality Assurance in Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy Taylan Tugrul1(1.Department of Radiation Oncology,Medicine Faculty of Van YüzüncüYıl University,Van,Turkey)Abstract:Quality assurance practices performed before treatment are believed to identify various potential errors.In this study,2-dimensional(2D)dosimetric results were analyzed by making some intentional mistakes in six different treatment plans.In this way,the detectability of errors was investigated.In all segments of all treatment plans,one of the multileaf collimators was kept fixed at different positions on the central axis.In addition to multileaf collimators error,gantry error was also examined in the study.The dose distribution results obtained by Treatment Planning System(TPS)were compared with those obtained by the 2D array device,both as local calculation and global calculation methods,using the gamma analysis method.When the results are examined in the case where the Multi-leaf collimators(MLC)is fixed at the 1 cm position.展开更多
The participation of distributed energy resources in the load restoration procedure,known as intentional islanding,can significantly improve the distribution system reliability.Distribution system reconfiguration can ...The participation of distributed energy resources in the load restoration procedure,known as intentional islanding,can significantly improve the distribution system reliability.Distribution system reconfiguration can effectively alter islanding procedure and thus provide an opportunity to supply more demanded energy and reduce distribution system losses.In addition,high-impact events such as hurricanes and earthquakes may complicate the procedure of load restoration,due to the disconnection of the distribution system from the upstream grid or concurrent component outages.This paper presents a two-level method for intentional islanding of a reconfigurable distribution system,considering high-impact events.In thefirst level,optimal islands are selected according to the graph model of the distribution system.In the second level,an optimal power flow(OPF)problem is solved to meet the operation constraints of the islands by reactive power control and demand side management.The proposed problem in the first level is solved by a combination of depth first search and particle swarm optimization methods.The OPF problem in the second level is solved in DIgSILENT software.The proposed method is implemented in the IEEE 69-bus test system,and the results show the validity and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.展开更多
Due to the high penetration of renewable distributed generation(RDG),many issues have become conspicuous during the intentional island operation such as the power mismatch of load shedding during the transition proces...Due to the high penetration of renewable distributed generation(RDG),many issues have become conspicuous during the intentional island operation such as the power mismatch of load shedding during the transition process and the power imbalance during the restoration process.In this paper,a phase measurement unit(PMU)based online load shedding strategy and a conservation voltage reduction(CVR)based multi-period restoration strategy are proposed for the intentional island with RDG.The proposed load shedding strategy,which is driven by the blackout event,consists of the load shedding optimization and correction table.Before the occurrence of the large-scale blackout,the load shedding optimization is solved periodically to obtain the optimal load shedding plan,which meets the dynamic and steady constraints.When the blackout occurs,the correction table updated in real time based on the PMU data is used to modify the load shedding plan to eliminate the power mismatch caused by the fluctuation of RDG.After the system transits to the intentional island seamlessly,multi-period restoration plans are generated to optimize the restoration performance while maintaining power balance until the main grid is repaired.Besides,CVR technology is implemented to restore more loads by regulating load demand.The proposed load shedding optimization and restoration optimization are linearized to mixed-integer quadratic constraint programming(MIQCP)models.The effectiveness of the proposed strategies is verified with the modified IEEE 33-node system on the real-time digital simulation(RTDS)platform.展开更多
Controlled islanding of power system is an emer-gency control to stop the propagation of disturbances and to avoid blackouts. This paper presents a three-stage method for intentional controlled islanding of power syst...Controlled islanding of power system is an emer-gency control to stop the propagation of disturbances and to avoid blackouts. This paper presents a three-stage method for intentional controlled islanding of power systems. It enables to search out reasonable islanding cutsets, which have the minimum load-generation imbalance or the minimal power flow disruption, without low-voltage problems. In the first stage, a self-adaptive graph simplification algorithm is proposed to obtain a two-terminal graph as a suitable islanding cutset search area from the original power network graph model. In the second stage, an islanding cutset search algorithm is designed to find all of islanding cutsets, including the minimum load-generation imbalance cutset, in the two-terminal graph. In the third stage, an islanding scheme checking algorithm is developed to examine the outputs of stage two. It uses the depth first search algorithm to determine reasonable islanding cutsets without low-voltage problems. The IEEE30-bus system and the IEEE 118-bus system are utilized to demonstrate the proposed method. The simulation results show its validity and accuracy in large-scale power systems.展开更多
What is already known about this topic?Unintentional injuries among children aged under five years is still a serious public health problem in China.Epidemiological characteristics of under-five unintentional injury a...What is already known about this topic?Unintentional injuries among children aged under five years is still a serious public health problem in China.Epidemiological characteristics of under-five unintentional injury are reported in single provinces and cities for China but not nationally based on the Disease Surveillance Points(DSPs)dataset.What is added by this report?Unintentional injury mortality rates for under-five decreased substantially between 2006 and 2017 in China,with the decrease occurring primarily for males and rural children.Children living in rural areas and males had higher unintentional injury mortality rates than children in urban areas and females.The major fatal types of under-five unintentional injury were drowning and road injury.What are the implications for public health practice?Further interventions need to be taken in accordance with the main types of unintentional injuries,especially effective prevention strategies used in other countries or recommended by the World Health Organization(WHO).Even with equal access to injury prevention and control services for different sexes,policy efforts should focus on higher-risk populations,especially children aged under five years who are males or reside in rural areas.展开更多
Water management infrastructures such as floodgates are critical and increasingly operated by Industrial Control Systems(ICS).These systems are becoming more connected to the internet,either directly or through the co...Water management infrastructures such as floodgates are critical and increasingly operated by Industrial Control Systems(ICS).These systems are becoming more connected to the internet,either directly or through the corporate networks.This makes them vulnerable to cyber-attacks.Abnormal behaviour in floodgates operated by ICS could be caused by both(intentional)attacks and(accidental)technical failures.When operators notice abnormal behaviour,they should be able to distinguish between those two causes to take appropriate measures,because for example replacing a sensor in case of intentional incorrect sensor measurements would be ineffective and would not block corresponding the attack vector.In the previous work,we developed the attack-failure distinguisher framework for constructing Bayesian Network(BN)models to enable operators to distinguish between those two causes,including the knowledge elicitation method to construct the directed acyclic graph and conditional probability tables of BN models.As a full case study of the attack-failure distinguisher framework,this paper presents a BN model constructed to distinguish between attacks and technical failures for the problem of incorrect sensor measurements in floodgates,addressing the problem of floodgate operators.We utilised experts who associate themselves with the safety and/or security community to construct the BN model and validate the qualitative part of constructed BN model.The constructed BN model is usable in water management infrastructures to distinguish between intentional attacks and accidental technical failures in case of incorrect sensor measurements.This could help to decide on appropriate response strategies and avoid further complications in case of incorrect sensor measurements.展开更多
This paper sets forth the reasons why Nietzsche thought nihilism to be inevitable from the perspective of the tenacity of the intentional.Through distinguishing two ordered intentional states—first-order and high-or...This paper sets forth the reasons why Nietzsche thought nihilism to be inevitable from the perspective of the tenacity of the intentional.Through distinguishing two ordered intentional states—first-order and high-order—and two kinds of objects respectively,the paper illustrates that it is impossible to find a new ultimate value to replace Christian values when Nietzsche announced"the death of God."Inspired by Nietzsche's thoughts,.the paper concludes by briefly discussing the possibility of comparing Confucian and Nietzsche's ideas concerning nihilism.展开更多
文摘Intentional tooth replantation(ITR)is an advanced treatment modality and the procedure of last resort for preserving teeth with inaccessible endodontic or resorptive lesions.ITR is defined as the deliberate extraction of a tooth;evaluation of the root surface,endodontic manipulation,and repair;and placement of the tooth back into its original socket.Case reports,case series,cohort studies,and randomized controlled trials have demonstrated the efficacy of ITR in the retention of natural teeth that are untreatable or difficult to manage with root canal treatment or endodontic microsurgery.However,variations in clinical protocols for ITR exist due to the empirical nature of the original protocols and rapid advancements in the field of oral biology and dental materials.This heterogeneity in protocols may cause confusion among dental practitioners;therefore,guidelines and considerations for ITR should be explicated.This expert consensus discusses the biological foundation of ITR,the available clinical protocols and current status of ITR in treating teeth with refractory apical periodontitis or anatomical aberration,and the main complications of this treatment,aiming to refine the clinical management of ITR in accordance with the progress of basic research and clinical studies;the findings suggest that ITR may become a more consistent evidence-based option in dental treatment.
文摘This study investigated the role of intentional self-regulation and the moderating role of peer relationship in the relationship between teacher-student relationship and learning engagement.The study sample comprised 540 Chinese senior secondary school students between the ages of 15–18(51.67%boys;Mage=16.56 years;SDage=0.90).They completed surveys on the Teacher-Student Relationship Scale,the Selection,Optimization,and Compensation(SOC)Scale,the Peer Relationship Scale for Children and Adolescents,and the Learning Engagement Scale.The results following regression analysis showed that teacher-student relationship predicted higher learning engagement among senior secondary school students.Intentional self-regulation partially mediated the link between teacher-student relationship and learning engagement for higher learning engagement.Peer relationship moderated the relationships between teacher-student relationship and learning engagement and moderated the relationship between teacher-student relationship and intentional self-regulation for higher learning engagement.Thesefindings imply learning engagement can be enhanced by optimizing teacher-student relationship and strengthening intentional self-regulation interventions.
基金supported by the National Social Science Foundation of China(20BSH131).
文摘Internet gaming disorder(IGD)among junior high school students is an increasingly prominent mental health concern.It is important to look for influences behind internet gaming disorder tendency(IGDT)in the junior high school student population.The present study aimed to reveal the explanatory mechanisms underlying the association between parental psychological control(PPC)and internet gaming disorder tendency among junior high school students by testing the mediating role of core self-evaluation(CSE)and the moderating role of intentional self-regulation(ISR).Participants in present study were 735 Chinese junior high school students who completed offline self-report questionnaires on parental psychological control,core self-evaluation,intentional self-regulation,and Internet gaming disorder tendency.Analyses were conducted via mediation and moderated mediation.The results showed that:(1)Parental psychological control was positively related to junior high school students’Internet gaming disorder tendency.Core self-evaluation,and intentional self-regulation were negatively related to junior high school students’Internet gaming disorder tendency,respectively.(2)Core self-evaluation partially mediated the relationship between parental psychological control and junior high school students’Internet gaming disorder tendency.(3)Intentional self-regulation moderated the association between parental psychological control and Internet gaming disorder tendency,as well as the relationships between parental psychological control and core self-evaluation and core self-evaluation and Internet gaming disorder tendency in the mediated model.Based on these findings,we believe that there is a need to weaken parental psychological control,strengthen junior high school students’core self-evaluation and intentional self-regulation,and to recognize the important role of parents as well as their children’s personal positive traits in the healthy development of junior high school students.
基金supported by a grant from the NWG Macintosh Memorial Fundsupported by a scholarship from the Australian Pain SocietyAustralian Pain Relief Association
文摘The study of brain function in the presence of pain and injury is a rapidly expanding field of experimental research.Clinically,the presence of pain and injury is often accompanied by reports of behavioural change and altered cognition.Even in a highly controlled environment such as the surgical operating theatre postoperative behavioural changes including posttraumatic stress disorder,depression,chronic fatigue,
文摘BACKGROUND A radicular groove is an anatomic malformation that usually initiates at the central fossa,extending along the root at varying lengths and depths and predisposes the involved tooth to a severe periodontal defect.Severe grooves that extend to the root apex often lead to complex combined periodontal-endodontic lesions.They are a serious challenge for doctors to diagnose and treat.CASE SUMMARY In this report,we described a patient with a maxillary lateral incisor with a deep palatogingival groove with two roots,which led to complex combined periodontal-endodontic lesions.Suggested treatment modalities included curettage of the affected tissues,elimination of the groove by grinding and/or sealing with a variety of filling materials,and surgical procedures.In this case,a combination of endodontic therapy,intentional replantation,and root resection were used,which resulted in periodontal/periradicular healing after 12 mo.CONCLUSION Intentional replantation and root resection offer a predictable procedure and should be considered a viable treatment modality for the management of palatogingival grooves,especially for two-rooted teeth.
基金Supported by Health and Medical Research Fund of the Food and Health Bureau,Hong Kong,China,No.06171376Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province,China,No.2008085MH255Scientific Research Funding of Anhui Medical University,China,No.2020xkj148。
文摘BACKGROUND TypeⅢb dens invaginatus(DI)with a lateral canal located at the mid-third of the root is rarely reported.Here,we report a rare case of typeⅢb DI in the left upper anterior tooth with a lateral canal that led to persistent periodontitis.CASE SUMMARY A 15-year-old female patient presented with a chief complaint of pain associated with recurrent labial swelling in the area of the left anterior tooth.A diagnosis of typeⅢb DI and chronic periodontitis was made.Intentional replantation was performed after conventional endodontic treatment failed.After 6 mo,the patient was asymptomatic,but a sinus tract was observed.Cone-beam computed tomography images showed bone loss in the mesial of the mid-root.Based on methylene blue staining and microscopy images,the lateral foramen located at the middle third of the root was surgically treated.After 3 years of follow-up,the clinical findings and radiographic assessment presented a favorable prognosis of bone healing without root absorption or ankylosis.CONCLUSION TypeⅢb DI with a lateral canal can be successfully treated by root canal treatment,intentional replantation,and surgical therapy.
文摘1 Introduction The human population is projected to reach 9200million by 2050.A fundamental question for science is whether it is possible to increase food production to meet the demands of a human population of that magnitude.It’s possible only to increase an aquaculture production.Cultivation of fish/shrimp larvae is a bottleneck in a cultivation of the different organisms.Live food
基金supported by the Program for Innovative Research Groups of the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.2019JJ10004)。
文摘With the development of wireless communication technology, the electromagnetic environment has become more and more complex. Conventional signal identification methods are difficult to accurately identify illegal devices. However, electromagnetic signals have an unavoidable device-specific characteristic unintentionally generated by a transmitter, appearing in the form of an Un Intentional Modulation(UIM), namely Radio Frequency Fingerprint(RFF). RFFs can be used to uniquely identify an emitter to match a received signal with its source. In this paper, the authors propose a novel RFF scheme to separate UIM part from the original signals from the time and frequency domain, and then utilize non-Gaussian measuring tools to extract a set of dimensionreduced secondary features. Additionally, Singular Value Reconstruction(SVR) is developed to extract UIM in the frequency spectrum. In time domain, a curve-fitting residual method is proposed to extract the UIM on the estimated instantaneous phase based on Maximum Likelihood Estimator(MLE). Various aspects of the proposed method are evaluated, including identification accuracy under various Signal-to-Noise Ratio(SNR) conditions, energy relationships between the UIM and the whole signal, and sensitivity to training set size. Compared with other methods, experimental results based on real-world signals prove that the proposed method has remarkable performance and high practicability.
文摘Considering the finite actions of a field on the matter and the space which used to infiltrate their quantum reality at level particle, methods are developed to serve to base the concept of “intentional action” of a field and their ordered and supported effects (synergy) that must be realized for the “organized transformation” of the space and matter. Using path integrals, these transformations are decoded and their quantum principles are shown.
基金This study was supported by the Youth Project of Yunnan Provincial Philosophy and Social Science Planning,Project No.QN2018055.
文摘Individuals’perceptions,attitudes,and patterns of getting along with family members are important factors influencing Chinese people’s self-evaluation.The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of family cohesion on depression and the role of perceived social support and intentional self-regulation in this association.A hypothesized model of the association of family cohesion,perceived social support,intentional self-regulation,and depression was examined.A convenience sampling method was used to survey 1,180 college students in Yunnan Province using self-report.Data were collected using the Family Cohesion Scale,the Perceived Social Support Scale,the Intentional Self-Regulation Scale,and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale.The findings revealed low to moderate correlation between the variables studied.College students’family cohesion was a negative predictor of their depression.This association was also mediated by the knock-on effect of perceived social support and intentional self-regulation.These findings show how family cohesion affects college students’depressive status.Specifically,these results help demonstrate the importance of family cohesion,perceived social support,and intentional self-regulation in optimizing students’depression,which in turn can promote better psychological states.
基金This study is supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(WUT:225217003).
文摘Mistranslation has always been received with negative reactions among the translation community for a long time.Post-colonial translation theory forms an intersection with translatology and brings translation studies from linguistics to the hidden factors such as politics,cultures and aesthetics that influence the formation of translations.From the perspective of post-colonial translation theory,this article makes comparisons with intentional mistranslation among the two English versions of Shuo Ren,and analyzes the causes that affect the intentional mistranslation of different translators.In conclusion,translators in strong cultures may misuse intentional mistranslation to“dump”their own culture,political views,or religious beliefs,so as to promote cultural aggression against the colonized or former colonial countries.In addition,domestic translators should adopt appropriate intentional mistranslation to ensure more acceptance and spreading of Chinese culture in the world.
文摘Vocabulary learning and teaching usually consists of two components, namely, intentional vocabulary acquisition and incidental vocabulary acquisition. Indeed,intentional learning and incidental learning have their own characteristics and advantages, and thus they may play unequal roles in learners' vocabulary acquisition. This essay will compare intentional and incidental vocabulary acquisition approaches as well as explore to what extent these two approaches are effective.
文摘Evaluation of Gamma Index Analysis for Detecting Errors in Patient-specific Quality Assurance in Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy Taylan Tugrul1(1.Department of Radiation Oncology,Medicine Faculty of Van YüzüncüYıl University,Van,Turkey)Abstract:Quality assurance practices performed before treatment are believed to identify various potential errors.In this study,2-dimensional(2D)dosimetric results were analyzed by making some intentional mistakes in six different treatment plans.In this way,the detectability of errors was investigated.In all segments of all treatment plans,one of the multileaf collimators was kept fixed at different positions on the central axis.In addition to multileaf collimators error,gantry error was also examined in the study.The dose distribution results obtained by Treatment Planning System(TPS)were compared with those obtained by the 2D array device,both as local calculation and global calculation methods,using the gamma analysis method.When the results are examined in the case where the Multi-leaf collimators(MLC)is fixed at the 1 cm position.
文摘The participation of distributed energy resources in the load restoration procedure,known as intentional islanding,can significantly improve the distribution system reliability.Distribution system reconfiguration can effectively alter islanding procedure and thus provide an opportunity to supply more demanded energy and reduce distribution system losses.In addition,high-impact events such as hurricanes and earthquakes may complicate the procedure of load restoration,due to the disconnection of the distribution system from the upstream grid or concurrent component outages.This paper presents a two-level method for intentional islanding of a reconfigurable distribution system,considering high-impact events.In thefirst level,optimal islands are selected according to the graph model of the distribution system.In the second level,an optimal power flow(OPF)problem is solved to meet the operation constraints of the islands by reactive power control and demand side management.The proposed problem in the first level is solved by a combination of depth first search and particle swarm optimization methods.The OPF problem in the second level is solved in DIgSILENT software.The proposed method is implemented in the IEEE 69-bus test system,and the results show the validity and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
基金This work was supported in part by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2017YFB0902900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51707136)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(No.2018CFA080).
文摘Due to the high penetration of renewable distributed generation(RDG),many issues have become conspicuous during the intentional island operation such as the power mismatch of load shedding during the transition process and the power imbalance during the restoration process.In this paper,a phase measurement unit(PMU)based online load shedding strategy and a conservation voltage reduction(CVR)based multi-period restoration strategy are proposed for the intentional island with RDG.The proposed load shedding strategy,which is driven by the blackout event,consists of the load shedding optimization and correction table.Before the occurrence of the large-scale blackout,the load shedding optimization is solved periodically to obtain the optimal load shedding plan,which meets the dynamic and steady constraints.When the blackout occurs,the correction table updated in real time based on the PMU data is used to modify the load shedding plan to eliminate the power mismatch caused by the fluctuation of RDG.After the system transits to the intentional island seamlessly,multi-period restoration plans are generated to optimize the restoration performance while maintaining power balance until the main grid is repaired.Besides,CVR technology is implemented to restore more loads by regulating load demand.The proposed load shedding optimization and restoration optimization are linearized to mixed-integer quadratic constraint programming(MIQCP)models.The effectiveness of the proposed strategies is verified with the modified IEEE 33-node system on the real-time digital simulation(RTDS)platform.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2017YFB0903601)National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51777088)
文摘Controlled islanding of power system is an emer-gency control to stop the propagation of disturbances and to avoid blackouts. This paper presents a three-stage method for intentional controlled islanding of power systems. It enables to search out reasonable islanding cutsets, which have the minimum load-generation imbalance or the minimal power flow disruption, without low-voltage problems. In the first stage, a self-adaptive graph simplification algorithm is proposed to obtain a two-terminal graph as a suitable islanding cutset search area from the original power network graph model. In the second stage, an islanding cutset search algorithm is designed to find all of islanding cutsets, including the minimum load-generation imbalance cutset, in the two-terminal graph. In the third stage, an islanding scheme checking algorithm is developed to examine the outputs of stage two. It uses the depth first search algorithm to determine reasonable islanding cutsets without low-voltage problems. The IEEE30-bus system and the IEEE 118-bus system are utilized to demonstrate the proposed method. The simulation results show its validity and accuracy in large-scale power systems.
文摘What is already known about this topic?Unintentional injuries among children aged under five years is still a serious public health problem in China.Epidemiological characteristics of under-five unintentional injury are reported in single provinces and cities for China but not nationally based on the Disease Surveillance Points(DSPs)dataset.What is added by this report?Unintentional injury mortality rates for under-five decreased substantially between 2006 and 2017 in China,with the decrease occurring primarily for males and rural children.Children living in rural areas and males had higher unintentional injury mortality rates than children in urban areas and females.The major fatal types of under-five unintentional injury were drowning and road injury.What are the implications for public health practice?Further interventions need to be taken in accordance with the main types of unintentional injuries,especially effective prevention strategies used in other countries or recommended by the World Health Organization(WHO).Even with equal access to injury prevention and control services for different sexes,policy efforts should focus on higher-risk populations,especially children aged under five years who are males or reside in rural areas.
基金the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research(NWO)in the framwork of the Cyber Security research program under the project“Secure Our Safety:Building Cyber Security for Flood Management(SOS4Flood)”.
文摘Water management infrastructures such as floodgates are critical and increasingly operated by Industrial Control Systems(ICS).These systems are becoming more connected to the internet,either directly or through the corporate networks.This makes them vulnerable to cyber-attacks.Abnormal behaviour in floodgates operated by ICS could be caused by both(intentional)attacks and(accidental)technical failures.When operators notice abnormal behaviour,they should be able to distinguish between those two causes to take appropriate measures,because for example replacing a sensor in case of intentional incorrect sensor measurements would be ineffective and would not block corresponding the attack vector.In the previous work,we developed the attack-failure distinguisher framework for constructing Bayesian Network(BN)models to enable operators to distinguish between those two causes,including the knowledge elicitation method to construct the directed acyclic graph and conditional probability tables of BN models.As a full case study of the attack-failure distinguisher framework,this paper presents a BN model constructed to distinguish between attacks and technical failures for the problem of incorrect sensor measurements in floodgates,addressing the problem of floodgate operators.We utilised experts who associate themselves with the safety and/or security community to construct the BN model and validate the qualitative part of constructed BN model.The constructed BN model is usable in water management infrastructures to distinguish between intentional attacks and accidental technical failures in case of incorrect sensor measurements.This could help to decide on appropriate response strategies and avoid further complications in case of incorrect sensor measurements.
文摘This paper sets forth the reasons why Nietzsche thought nihilism to be inevitable from the perspective of the tenacity of the intentional.Through distinguishing two ordered intentional states—first-order and high-order—and two kinds of objects respectively,the paper illustrates that it is impossible to find a new ultimate value to replace Christian values when Nietzsche announced"the death of God."Inspired by Nietzsche's thoughts,.the paper concludes by briefly discussing the possibility of comparing Confucian and Nietzsche's ideas concerning nihilism.
