AIM:To investigate whether neoadjuvant-intensified radiochemotherapy improved overall and disease-free survival in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.METHODS:Between January 2007 and December 2011,80 patient...AIM:To investigate whether neoadjuvant-intensified radiochemotherapy improved overall and disease-free survival in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.METHODS:Between January 2007 and December 2011,80 patients with histologically confirmed rectal adenocarcinoma were enrolled.Tumors were clinically classified as either T3 or T4 and by the N stage based on the presence or absence of positive regional lymph nodes.Patients received intensified combined modality treatment,consisting of neoadjuvant radiation therapy(50.4-54.0 Gy) and infusional chemotherapy(oxaliplatin 50 mg/m 2) on the first day of each week,plus five daily continuous infusions of fluorouracil(200 mg/m 2 per die) from the first day of radiation therapy until radiotherapy completion.Patients received five or six cycles of oxaliplatin based on performance status,clinical lymph node involvement,and potential risk of a non-sphincter-conserving surgical procedure.Surgery was planned 7 to 9 wk after the end of radiochemotherapy treatment;adjuvant chemotherapy treatment was left to the oncologist's discretion and was recommended in patients with positive lymph nodes.After treatment,all patients were monitored every three months for the first year and every six months for the subsequent years.RESULTS:Of the 80 patients enrolled,75 patients completed the programmed neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy treatment.All patients received the radiotherapy prescribed total dose;five patients suspended chemotherapy indefinitely because of chemotherapyrelated toxicity.At least five cycles of oxaliplatin were administered to 73 patients.Treatment was well tolerated with high compliance and a good level of toxicity.Most of the acute toxic effects observed were classified as grades 1-2.Proctitis grade 2 was the most common symptom(63.75%) and the earliest manifestation of acute toxicity.Acute toxicity grades 3-4 was reported in 30% of patients and grade 3 or 4 diarrhoea reported in just three patients(3.75%).Seventy-seven patients underwent surgery;low anterior resection was performed in 52 patients,Miles' surgery in 11 patients and total mesorectal excision in nine patients.Fifty patients showed tumor downsizing ≥ 50% pathological downstaging in 88.00% of tumors.Out of 75 patients surviving surgery,67 patients(89.33%) had some form of downstaging after preoperative treatment.A pathological complete response was achieved in 23.75% of patients and a nearly pathologic complete response(stage ypT1ypN0) in six patients.An involvement of the radial margin was never present.During surgery,intra-abdominal metastases were found in only one patient(1.25%).Initially,45 patients required an abdominoperineal resection due to a tumor distal margin ≤ 5 cm from the anal verge.Of these patients,only seven of them underwent Miles' surgery and sphincter preservation was guaranteed in 84.50% of patients in this subgroup.Fourteen patients received postoperative chemotherapy.In the full analysis of enrolled cohort,eight of the 80 patients died,with seven deaths related to rectal cancer and one to unrelated causes.Local recurrences were observed in seven patients(8.75%) and distant metastases in 17 cases(21.25%).The fiveyear rate of overall survival rate was 90.91%.Using a median follow-up time of 28.5 mo,the cumulative incidence of local recurrences was 8.75%,and the overall survival and disease-free survival rates were 90.00% and 70.00%,respectively.CONCLUSION:The results of this study suggest oxaliplatin chemotherapy has a beneficial effect on overall survival,likely due to an increase in local tumor control.展开更多
Experiments were conducted to investigate the behavior of the sequential system of intensified zero-valent iron process(IZVI) and anaerobic filter and biological aerated filter(AF/BAF) reactors for advanced treatment ...Experiments were conducted to investigate the behavior of the sequential system of intensified zero-valent iron process(IZVI) and anaerobic filter and biological aerated filter(AF/BAF) reactors for advanced treatment of biologically pretreated coking wastewater. Particular attention was paid to the performance of the integrated system for the removal of chemical oxygen demand(COD), ammonia nitrogen(NH3-N) and total nitrogen(TN). The average removal efficiencies of COD, NH3-N and TN were 76.28%, 96.76% and 59.97%, with the average effluent mass concentrations of 56, 0.53 and 18.83 mg/L, respectively, reaching the first grade of the national discharge standard. Moreover, the results of gas chromatography/mass spectrum(GC/MS) and gel permeation chromatography(GPC) analysis demonstrated that the refractory organic compounds with high relative molecular mass were partly removed in IZVI process by the function of oxidation-reduction, flocculation and adsorption which could also enhance the biodegradability of the system effluent. The removal efficiencies of NH3-N and TN were achieved mainly in the subsequent AF/BAF reactors by nitrification and denitrification. Overall, the results obtained show that the application of IZVI in combination with AF/BAF is a promising technology for advanced treatment of biologically pretreated coking wastewater.展开更多
It was very difficult for the smelting of vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite by blast furnace because the content of TiO2 of blast furnace slag could amount to 20%-25%.After long term development and continuous improvem...It was very difficult for the smelting of vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite by blast furnace because the content of TiO2 of blast furnace slag could amount to 20%-25%.After long term development and continuous improvement,special intensified smelting technologies for vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite by blast furnace were obtained and improved gradually.With the improvement of beneficiated material level and equipment level,smelting intensity has been increased gradually and the highest comprehensive smelting intensity reached 1.45 t/（m3·d）.Technical-economic indexes of blast furnace have also been increased remarkably.The highest utilization coefficient exceeded 2.7 t/（m3·d）on the condition that the burden grade was only about 50%.展开更多
Intensifying effects of ferrous sulfate and pyrite on bioleaching of low-grade molybdenite concentrate were studied in this paper. The experimental results show that the oxidation dissolution of molybdenite can be acc...Intensifying effects of ferrous sulfate and pyrite on bioleaching of low-grade molybdenite concentrate were studied in this paper. The experimental results show that the oxidation dissolution of molybdenite can be accelerated with the addition of either ferrous sulfate or pyrite in bi- oleaching medium. Pyrite has better enhancing effect than ferrous sulfate, and the highest molybdenum leaching rate in pyrite-added solutions is 20.85 %, increasing by 12.64 % compared with that in 9 K leaching system. Molybdenum leaching rate does not increase linearly with the increase of the addition of either ferrous sulfate or pyrite in each type solution. Great amounts of [NH4Fe3（SO4）2（OH）6] and [KFe3（SO4）2（OH）6] with different morphologies will be deposited on molybdenite ores when the additions of Fe from ferrous sulfate or pyrite exceed that from 9 K leaching system by 0.5 times, and these deposits hinder the oxidation dissolution of molybdenite to some extent.展开更多
The removal of disinfection by-products formation potential(DBPFP) in artificially intensified biological activated carbon(IBAC) process which is developed on the basis of traditional ozone granular activated carbon w...The removal of disinfection by-products formation potential(DBPFP) in artificially intensified biological activated carbon(IBAC) process which is developed on the basis of traditional ozone granular activated carbon was evaluated. By IBAC removals of 31% and 68% for THMFP and HAAFP were obtained respectively. Under identical conditions, the removals of the same substances were 4% and 32% respectively only by the granular activated carbon(GAC) process. Compared with GAC, the high removal rates of the two formed potential substances were due to the increasing of bioactivity of the media and the synergistic capabilities of biological degradation cooperating with activated carbon adsorption of organic compounds. A clear linear correlation(R 2=0.9562 and R 2=0.9007) between DOC HAAFP removal rate and Empty Bed Contact Time(EBCT) of IBAC process was observed, while that between THMFP removal rate and EBCT of GAC was R 2=0.9782. In addition certain linear correlations between THMFP, HAAFP and UV 254 (R 2=0.855 and R 2=0.7702) were found for the treated water. For IBAC process there are also more advantages such as long backwashing cycle time, low backwashing intensity and prolonging activated carbon lifetime and so on.展开更多
The efficient separation of amphoteric organic compounds from dilute solutions is of great importance in the industrial field. In the present work, the reactive extractions of 4-hydroxypyridine(4-HP) with tributyl pho...The efficient separation of amphoteric organic compounds from dilute solutions is of great importance in the industrial field. In the present work, the reactive extractions of 4-hydroxypyridine(4-HP) with tributyl phosphate(TBP), di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid(D2EHPA) and TBP + D2EHPA dissolved in 1-octanol were investigated, respectively. The influences of the initial concentrations of TBP, D2EHPA and TBP + D2EHPA on distribution ratio(D) were discussed, as well as the reactive extraction mechanism were proposed. The obvious intensification effect was observed when the mixture of TBP and D2EHPA was used as extractant. The best extraction conditions were found to be of the molar ratio of D2EHPA and TBP at 2:1 and the equilibrium aqueous pH at 3.50-4.50. D values increased with the increase of the total concentration of TBP and D2EHPA in 1-octanol. Especially, the analysis on the extraction mechanisms clearly indicate(i) TBP in 1-octanol shows negligible reactive extraction toward 4-HP,(ii) D2EHPA in 1-octanol exhibits moderate extraction effect by forming 4-HP:D2EHPA(1:1) and 4-HP:2D2EHPA(1:2) type complexes, while(iii) D2EHPA in TBP/1-octanol demonstrates the maximum distribution ratio with the 4-HP:D2EHPA(1:1) type complex domination. The discussion provides new insights on the mechanism and opens a new way for the intensified extraction of amphoteric organic compounds by using the mixture of multiple extractants in the diluent.展开更多
The traditional telecommunications operator of China has entered into a substantive network construction stage of NGN and new VoIP service in 2006. As the increasing understanding and the consideration of cost to VoIP...The traditional telecommunications operator of China has entered into a substantive network construction stage of NGN and new VoIP service in 2006. As the increasing understanding and the consideration of cost to VoIP, VoIP has become more acceptable for CIO of large-scale enterprises. Small and medium-scale enterprises are sensitive to communication cost, but influenced by the maturity of VoIP technology and reduction of VoIP equipment price, the market is intensified. All these drive the VoIP equipment entering into the actual purchase stage and promote the stable growth of VoIP equipment scale.展开更多
A pore-array intensified tube-in-tube microchannel(PA-TMC),which is characterized by high throughput and low pressure drop,was developed as a gas–liquid contactor.The sulfite oxidation method was used to determine th...A pore-array intensified tube-in-tube microchannel(PA-TMC),which is characterized by high throughput and low pressure drop,was developed as a gas–liquid contactor.The sulfite oxidation method was used to determine the oxygen efficiency(φ)and volumetric mass transfer coefficient(k_(L)a)of PA-TMC,and the mass transfer amount per unit energy(ε)was calculated by using the pressure drop.The effects of structural and operating parameters were investigated systematically,and the twophase flow behavior was monitored by using a charge-coupled device imaging system.The results indicated that the gas absorption efficiency and mass transfer performance of the PA-TMC were improved with increasing pore number,flow rate,and number of helical coil turns and decreasing pore size,row number,annular size,annular length,and surface tension.Theφ,εand k La of PA-TMC could reach 31.3%,1.73×10^(-4) mol/J,and 7.0 s-1,respectively.The Sherwood number was correlated with the investigated parameters to guide the design of PA-TMC in gas absorption and mass transfer processes.展开更多
Work has been done with extending the useful imaging and detection range of CCD.This was accomplished through direct optical coupling and bonding of i-mage intensifiers to the CCD.It has been shown that the useful ran...Work has been done with extending the useful imaging and detection range of CCD.This was accomplished through direct optical coupling and bonding of i-mage intensifiers to the CCD.It has been shown that the useful range of a CCD may be extended two orders of magnitude using these techniques in coupling a microchannel plate image intensifier to the CCD array.All of these works were done with presently available CCD made by China.展开更多
Soil,a fundamental component of Earth’s ecosystems,plays a vital role in nutrient cycling,supports land productivity and food security,influences the water cycle[1],and sequesters carbon,with critical implications fo...Soil,a fundamental component of Earth’s ecosystems,plays a vital role in nutrient cycling,supports land productivity and food security,influences the water cycle[1],and sequesters carbon,with critical implications for climate regulation.Soil erosion affects the abovementioned ecosystem functions and has been widely acknowledged as one of the most severe global environmental threats[2].For instance,the latest report of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations indicates that soil erosion is projected to result in a 10%decline in global crop yields by 2050[3].Moreover,soil erosion transports large amounts of organic carbon into rivers and drives vertical greenhouse gas emissions during the mobilization of sediment[4,5].展开更多
Prophylactic/preemptive donor lymphocyte infusion(p/pDLI)and intensified conditioning have shown promising results in experimental studies of refractory/relapsed acute leukemia(RRAL),but real-world data remain scarce....Prophylactic/preemptive donor lymphocyte infusion(p/pDLI)and intensified conditioning have shown promising results in experimental studies of refractory/relapsed acute leukemia(RRAL),but real-world data remain scarce.We conducted a multicenter,population-based analysis of 932 consecutive patients.The three-year leukemia-free survival(LFS)rates were 56%for patients receiving both p/pDLI and intensified myeloablative conditioning(MAC)(intenseMAC)and 30%for those who received neither therapy per landmark analysis.Multivariable analyses were run separately for acute myeloid leukemia(AML)and acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL),and p/pDLI treatment was linked to significantly higher LFS than non-DLI for both AML and ALL patients without increasing the nonrelapse mortality.IntenseMAC was associated with significantly lower relapse and higher LFS than nonintensified MAC despite higher nonrelapse mortality rates in ALL,while there was no impact of intenseMAC observed in AML.p/pDLI achieved superior outcomes in both matched-sibling donor(MSD)and haploidentical donor transplantation,while intenseMAC only influenced MSD outcomes.Data suggest that RRAL patients receiving“total therapy”by way of p/pDLI and intensified conditioning treatment have an improved chance for LFS,with p/pDLI being safer with a more extensive impact relative to intenseMAC.Patients with RRAL can tolerate both interventions and achieve a reasonable outcome.展开更多
Since 2023,the situation in the South China Sea has become more tense and volatile,characterized by frequent maritime frictions between China and the Philippines,which have intensified public opinion battles around th...Since 2023,the situation in the South China Sea has become more tense and volatile,characterized by frequent maritime frictions between China and the Philippines,which have intensified public opinion battles around this issue.The increased military presence of extra-territorial forces,in particular the United States and Japan,along with their support for and encouragement of the Philippines,is undoubtedly the primary external factor contributing to the escalation of tensions in the South China Sea.In recent years,the South China Sea has emerged as a critical part of the collaborative efforts of the US and Japan to advance the Indo-Pacific strategy and enlist regional countries to contain China.Through mutual support via coordinated actions,the two countries have increased their presence in the South China Sea across various levels and domains,exerting a detrimental impact on the regional situation,China-ASEAN relations,and the overall regional order.Following his assumption of office,Prime Minister of Japan Shigeru Ishiba has continued to hype up the narrative of“China’s unilateral change to the status quo in the South China Sea,”and pledged to strengthen maritime security cooperation with Vietnam,Indonesia,and other ASEAN member states under the pretext of“maintaining stability in the South China Sea.”During his second term,US President Donald Trump will likely maintain a policy of strong interference in the South China Sea.The future dynamics of US-Japan collusion in this region necessitate closer monitoring and heightened vigilance.展开更多
1 Foreword The crises produced by the COVID-19 pandemic and the ongoing Russia-Ukraine conflict have starkly highlighted the critical need for scientific innovation and global cooperation.The pandemic underscored the ...1 Foreword The crises produced by the COVID-19 pandemic and the ongoing Russia-Ukraine conflict have starkly highlighted the critical need for scientific innovation and global cooperation.The pandemic underscored the urgency of swift,science-driven responses to worldwide health emergencies,while the war has intensified energy shortages and material scarcities,amplifying the demand for sustainable and resilient solutions.展开更多
Surface morphology and inner structure of the dust were observed by ICP-AES, SEM-EDS and XRD to examine the strengthening measures of leaching potassium salt from the sintering dust by water. The results showed that t...Surface morphology and inner structure of the dust were observed by ICP-AES, SEM-EDS and XRD to examine the strengthening measures of leaching potassium salt from the sintering dust by water. The results showed that the main component of the sintering dust was iron-oxygen compound, with KCl adsorbed on its surface. Leaching experiments showed that the KCl in the ESP dust could be separated and recovered by water leaching and fractional crystallization. The yield of K-Na vaporized crystalline salt was 18.56%, in which the mass fractions of KCl, NaCl, CaSO4 and K2SO4 were about 61.21%, 13.40%, 14.62%and 10.86%, respectively. The leaching kinetics of potassium salt from the sintering dust fits the external diffusion model well. The leaching speed and the leaching rate of the potassium salt can be increased by increasing the leaching temperature, strengthening the stirring speed and increasing the liquid-solid ratio.展开更多
The world economy in 2024 proved surprisingly resilient despite multiple shocks. This resilience can largely be attributed to the effects of tight monetary policies and the strong performance of labor markets in major...The world economy in 2024 proved surprisingly resilient despite multiple shocks. This resilience can largely be attributed to the effects of tight monetary policies and the strong performance of labor markets in major economies. Although a recession was narrowly avoided, the intensifying strategic rivalries among major powers, rising geopolitical risks, the resurgence of trade protectionism and sluggish global growth have all cast a shadow over the economic outlook.展开更多
The year 2024 marks the tenth anniversary of General Secretary Xi Jinping’s proposal for a new energy security strategy and the start of the second decade of the Belt and Road Initiative.During this year,the internat...The year 2024 marks the tenth anniversary of General Secretary Xi Jinping’s proposal for a new energy security strategy and the start of the second decade of the Belt and Road Initiative.During this year,the international situation grew increasingly complex,with intensifying rivalries among major powers and sporadic occurrences of geopolitical conflicts and localized disturbances.CNPC’s international operations focus on maintaining stability while making progress,successfully overcoming various intertwined risks and achieving new milestones in international business development.For six consecutive years,the overseas equity production has maintained an equivalent of 100 million tons.International trade has achieved stable progress,and engineering services have made new breakthroughs in market expansion,contributing new momentum to CNPC’s establishment as a world-class enterprise.展开更多
Coal fly ash(FA),a valuable industrial solid residue generated from coal combustion,is composed of various metal oxides and has a high thermal stability.Given that the coal-based energy will continue to account for a ...Coal fly ash(FA),a valuable industrial solid residue generated from coal combustion,is composed of various metal oxides and has a high thermal stability.Given that the coal-based energy will continue to account for a significant portion of global electricity generation in the coming years,the lack of effective management strategies exacerbates the threat of FA wastes to the surrounding environment and human health.For a sustainable development,green and renewable hydrogen economy and CO_(2)capture efforts provide appealing opportunities to valorize FA as catalysts and/or sorbents due to their appealing physicochemical properties.Hydrogen applications along with carbon neutrality are potential strategies to mitigate climate change crisis,but high processing costs(catalysts/sorbents)are challenging to realize this purpose.In this context,the utilization of FA not only enhances industrial competitiveness(by reducing manufacturing costs),but also provides ecologically friendly approaches to minimizing this solid waste.This state-of-the-art review highlights a wide-ranging outlook on the valorization of FA as catalysts and sorbents for hydrogen-rich gas production via conventional/intensified processes(CO_(2)/H_(2)O reforming,ammonia decomposition,hydride hydrolysis).The fundamental physicochemical characterizations and hazards/utilization of FA,which significantly affect the FA's utilization in various fields,are first introduced.The influence of several factors(like FA types and catalysis/sorption operation conditions)on the activity performance of FA-based materials is then discussed in detail.This critical review aims to open the window to further innovative ideas regarding the application of different FA residues in other catalytic and sorption processes.展开更多
文摘AIM:To investigate whether neoadjuvant-intensified radiochemotherapy improved overall and disease-free survival in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.METHODS:Between January 2007 and December 2011,80 patients with histologically confirmed rectal adenocarcinoma were enrolled.Tumors were clinically classified as either T3 or T4 and by the N stage based on the presence or absence of positive regional lymph nodes.Patients received intensified combined modality treatment,consisting of neoadjuvant radiation therapy(50.4-54.0 Gy) and infusional chemotherapy(oxaliplatin 50 mg/m 2) on the first day of each week,plus five daily continuous infusions of fluorouracil(200 mg/m 2 per die) from the first day of radiation therapy until radiotherapy completion.Patients received five or six cycles of oxaliplatin based on performance status,clinical lymph node involvement,and potential risk of a non-sphincter-conserving surgical procedure.Surgery was planned 7 to 9 wk after the end of radiochemotherapy treatment;adjuvant chemotherapy treatment was left to the oncologist's discretion and was recommended in patients with positive lymph nodes.After treatment,all patients were monitored every three months for the first year and every six months for the subsequent years.RESULTS:Of the 80 patients enrolled,75 patients completed the programmed neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy treatment.All patients received the radiotherapy prescribed total dose;five patients suspended chemotherapy indefinitely because of chemotherapyrelated toxicity.At least five cycles of oxaliplatin were administered to 73 patients.Treatment was well tolerated with high compliance and a good level of toxicity.Most of the acute toxic effects observed were classified as grades 1-2.Proctitis grade 2 was the most common symptom(63.75%) and the earliest manifestation of acute toxicity.Acute toxicity grades 3-4 was reported in 30% of patients and grade 3 or 4 diarrhoea reported in just three patients(3.75%).Seventy-seven patients underwent surgery;low anterior resection was performed in 52 patients,Miles' surgery in 11 patients and total mesorectal excision in nine patients.Fifty patients showed tumor downsizing ≥ 50% pathological downstaging in 88.00% of tumors.Out of 75 patients surviving surgery,67 patients(89.33%) had some form of downstaging after preoperative treatment.A pathological complete response was achieved in 23.75% of patients and a nearly pathologic complete response(stage ypT1ypN0) in six patients.An involvement of the radial margin was never present.During surgery,intra-abdominal metastases were found in only one patient(1.25%).Initially,45 patients required an abdominoperineal resection due to a tumor distal margin ≤ 5 cm from the anal verge.Of these patients,only seven of them underwent Miles' surgery and sphincter preservation was guaranteed in 84.50% of patients in this subgroup.Fourteen patients received postoperative chemotherapy.In the full analysis of enrolled cohort,eight of the 80 patients died,with seven deaths related to rectal cancer and one to unrelated causes.Local recurrences were observed in seven patients(8.75%) and distant metastases in 17 cases(21.25%).The fiveyear rate of overall survival rate was 90.91%.Using a median follow-up time of 28.5 mo,the cumulative incidence of local recurrences was 8.75%,and the overall survival and disease-free survival rates were 90.00% and 70.00%,respectively.CONCLUSION:The results of this study suggest oxaliplatin chemotherapy has a beneficial effect on overall survival,likely due to an increase in local tumor control.
基金Project(2006BAJ04A)suppprted by the National Sci-Tech Support Plan,China
文摘Experiments were conducted to investigate the behavior of the sequential system of intensified zero-valent iron process(IZVI) and anaerobic filter and biological aerated filter(AF/BAF) reactors for advanced treatment of biologically pretreated coking wastewater. Particular attention was paid to the performance of the integrated system for the removal of chemical oxygen demand(COD), ammonia nitrogen(NH3-N) and total nitrogen(TN). The average removal efficiencies of COD, NH3-N and TN were 76.28%, 96.76% and 59.97%, with the average effluent mass concentrations of 56, 0.53 and 18.83 mg/L, respectively, reaching the first grade of the national discharge standard. Moreover, the results of gas chromatography/mass spectrum(GC/MS) and gel permeation chromatography(GPC) analysis demonstrated that the refractory organic compounds with high relative molecular mass were partly removed in IZVI process by the function of oxidation-reduction, flocculation and adsorption which could also enhance the biodegradability of the system effluent. The removal efficiencies of NH3-N and TN were achieved mainly in the subsequent AF/BAF reactors by nitrification and denitrification. Overall, the results obtained show that the application of IZVI in combination with AF/BAF is a promising technology for advanced treatment of biologically pretreated coking wastewater.
文摘It was very difficult for the smelting of vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite by blast furnace because the content of TiO2 of blast furnace slag could amount to 20%-25%.After long term development and continuous improvement,special intensified smelting technologies for vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite by blast furnace were obtained and improved gradually.With the improvement of beneficiated material level and equipment level,smelting intensity has been increased gradually and the highest comprehensive smelting intensity reached 1.45 t/（m3·d）.Technical-economic indexes of blast furnace have also been increased remarkably.The highest utilization coefficient exceeded 2.7 t/（m3·d）on the condition that the burden grade was only about 50%.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51304151 and 51174062)the High-Tech Research and Development Program of China(No.2012AA061501)
文摘Intensifying effects of ferrous sulfate and pyrite on bioleaching of low-grade molybdenite concentrate were studied in this paper. The experimental results show that the oxidation dissolution of molybdenite can be accelerated with the addition of either ferrous sulfate or pyrite in bi- oleaching medium. Pyrite has better enhancing effect than ferrous sulfate, and the highest molybdenum leaching rate in pyrite-added solutions is 20.85 %, increasing by 12.64 % compared with that in 9 K leaching system. Molybdenum leaching rate does not increase linearly with the increase of the addition of either ferrous sulfate or pyrite in each type solution. Great amounts of [NH4Fe3（SO4）2（OH）6] and [KFe3（SO4）2（OH）6] with different morphologies will be deposited on molybdenite ores when the additions of Fe from ferrous sulfate or pyrite exceed that from 9 K leaching system by 0.5 times, and these deposits hinder the oxidation dissolution of molybdenite to some extent.
文摘The removal of disinfection by-products formation potential(DBPFP) in artificially intensified biological activated carbon(IBAC) process which is developed on the basis of traditional ozone granular activated carbon was evaluated. By IBAC removals of 31% and 68% for THMFP and HAAFP were obtained respectively. Under identical conditions, the removals of the same substances were 4% and 32% respectively only by the granular activated carbon(GAC) process. Compared with GAC, the high removal rates of the two formed potential substances were due to the increasing of bioactivity of the media and the synergistic capabilities of biological degradation cooperating with activated carbon adsorption of organic compounds. A clear linear correlation(R 2=0.9562 and R 2=0.9007) between DOC HAAFP removal rate and Empty Bed Contact Time(EBCT) of IBAC process was observed, while that between THMFP removal rate and EBCT of GAC was R 2=0.9782. In addition certain linear correlations between THMFP, HAAFP and UV 254 (R 2=0.855 and R 2=0.7702) were found for the treated water. For IBAC process there are also more advantages such as long backwashing cycle time, low backwashing intensity and prolonging activated carbon lifetime and so on.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Research Project of Henan Province (192102310490 and 212102310505)。
文摘The efficient separation of amphoteric organic compounds from dilute solutions is of great importance in the industrial field. In the present work, the reactive extractions of 4-hydroxypyridine(4-HP) with tributyl phosphate(TBP), di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid(D2EHPA) and TBP + D2EHPA dissolved in 1-octanol were investigated, respectively. The influences of the initial concentrations of TBP, D2EHPA and TBP + D2EHPA on distribution ratio(D) were discussed, as well as the reactive extraction mechanism were proposed. The obvious intensification effect was observed when the mixture of TBP and D2EHPA was used as extractant. The best extraction conditions were found to be of the molar ratio of D2EHPA and TBP at 2:1 and the equilibrium aqueous pH at 3.50-4.50. D values increased with the increase of the total concentration of TBP and D2EHPA in 1-octanol. Especially, the analysis on the extraction mechanisms clearly indicate(i) TBP in 1-octanol shows negligible reactive extraction toward 4-HP,(ii) D2EHPA in 1-octanol exhibits moderate extraction effect by forming 4-HP:D2EHPA(1:1) and 4-HP:2D2EHPA(1:2) type complexes, while(iii) D2EHPA in TBP/1-octanol demonstrates the maximum distribution ratio with the 4-HP:D2EHPA(1:1) type complex domination. The discussion provides new insights on the mechanism and opens a new way for the intensified extraction of amphoteric organic compounds by using the mixture of multiple extractants in the diluent.
文摘The traditional telecommunications operator of China has entered into a substantive network construction stage of NGN and new VoIP service in 2006. As the increasing understanding and the consideration of cost to VoIP, VoIP has become more acceptable for CIO of large-scale enterprises. Small and medium-scale enterprises are sensitive to communication cost, but influenced by the maturity of VoIP technology and reduction of VoIP equipment price, the market is intensified. All these drive the VoIP equipment entering into the actual purchase stage and promote the stable growth of VoIP equipment scale.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program(No.2016YFD0501402-04)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21776179,21621004)the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University(No.IRT_15R46)。
文摘A pore-array intensified tube-in-tube microchannel(PA-TMC),which is characterized by high throughput and low pressure drop,was developed as a gas–liquid contactor.The sulfite oxidation method was used to determine the oxygen efficiency(φ)and volumetric mass transfer coefficient(k_(L)a)of PA-TMC,and the mass transfer amount per unit energy(ε)was calculated by using the pressure drop.The effects of structural and operating parameters were investigated systematically,and the twophase flow behavior was monitored by using a charge-coupled device imaging system.The results indicated that the gas absorption efficiency and mass transfer performance of the PA-TMC were improved with increasing pore number,flow rate,and number of helical coil turns and decreasing pore size,row number,annular size,annular length,and surface tension.Theφ,εand k La of PA-TMC could reach 31.3%,1.73×10^(-4) mol/J,and 7.0 s-1,respectively.The Sherwood number was correlated with the investigated parameters to guide the design of PA-TMC in gas absorption and mass transfer processes.
文摘Work has been done with extending the useful imaging and detection range of CCD.This was accomplished through direct optical coupling and bonding of i-mage intensifiers to the CCD.It has been shown that the useful range of a CCD may be extended two orders of magnitude using these techniques in coupling a microchannel plate image intensifier to the CCD array.All of these works were done with presently available CCD made by China.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52479055)the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFC3209900)the Excellent Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘Soil,a fundamental component of Earth’s ecosystems,plays a vital role in nutrient cycling,supports land productivity and food security,influences the water cycle[1],and sequesters carbon,with critical implications for climate regulation.Soil erosion affects the abovementioned ecosystem functions and has been widely acknowledged as one of the most severe global environmental threats[2].For instance,the latest report of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations indicates that soil erosion is projected to result in a 10%decline in global crop yields by 2050[3].Moreover,soil erosion transports large amounts of organic carbon into rivers and drives vertical greenhouse gas emissions during the mobilization of sediment[4,5].
基金Supported by grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFA0104500)from the Ministry of Science and Technology,National Natural Science Foundation of China(81770189,81621001,and 81530046)CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFMS)(2019-I2M-5-034)+2 种基金Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology China,the Science and Technology Project of Guangdong Province of China(2016B030230003)Peking University Clinical Scientist Program(BMU2019LCKXJ003)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,and the Project of Health Collaborative Innovation of Guangzhou City(201704020214).We thank the principal investigators and the skilled teams at each of the participating sites.
文摘Prophylactic/preemptive donor lymphocyte infusion(p/pDLI)and intensified conditioning have shown promising results in experimental studies of refractory/relapsed acute leukemia(RRAL),but real-world data remain scarce.We conducted a multicenter,population-based analysis of 932 consecutive patients.The three-year leukemia-free survival(LFS)rates were 56%for patients receiving both p/pDLI and intensified myeloablative conditioning(MAC)(intenseMAC)and 30%for those who received neither therapy per landmark analysis.Multivariable analyses were run separately for acute myeloid leukemia(AML)and acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL),and p/pDLI treatment was linked to significantly higher LFS than non-DLI for both AML and ALL patients without increasing the nonrelapse mortality.IntenseMAC was associated with significantly lower relapse and higher LFS than nonintensified MAC despite higher nonrelapse mortality rates in ALL,while there was no impact of intenseMAC observed in AML.p/pDLI achieved superior outcomes in both matched-sibling donor(MSD)and haploidentical donor transplantation,while intenseMAC only influenced MSD outcomes.Data suggest that RRAL patients receiving“total therapy”by way of p/pDLI and intensified conditioning treatment have an improved chance for LFS,with p/pDLI being safer with a more extensive impact relative to intenseMAC.Patients with RRAL can tolerate both interventions and achieve a reasonable outcome.
文摘Since 2023,the situation in the South China Sea has become more tense and volatile,characterized by frequent maritime frictions between China and the Philippines,which have intensified public opinion battles around this issue.The increased military presence of extra-territorial forces,in particular the United States and Japan,along with their support for and encouragement of the Philippines,is undoubtedly the primary external factor contributing to the escalation of tensions in the South China Sea.In recent years,the South China Sea has emerged as a critical part of the collaborative efforts of the US and Japan to advance the Indo-Pacific strategy and enlist regional countries to contain China.Through mutual support via coordinated actions,the two countries have increased their presence in the South China Sea across various levels and domains,exerting a detrimental impact on the regional situation,China-ASEAN relations,and the overall regional order.Following his assumption of office,Prime Minister of Japan Shigeru Ishiba has continued to hype up the narrative of“China’s unilateral change to the status quo in the South China Sea,”and pledged to strengthen maritime security cooperation with Vietnam,Indonesia,and other ASEAN member states under the pretext of“maintaining stability in the South China Sea.”During his second term,US President Donald Trump will likely maintain a policy of strong interference in the South China Sea.The future dynamics of US-Japan collusion in this region necessitate closer monitoring and heightened vigilance.
文摘1 Foreword The crises produced by the COVID-19 pandemic and the ongoing Russia-Ukraine conflict have starkly highlighted the critical need for scientific innovation and global cooperation.The pandemic underscored the urgency of swift,science-driven responses to worldwide health emergencies,while the war has intensified energy shortages and material scarcities,amplifying the demand for sustainable and resilient solutions.
基金Projects (2012AA062502,2012AA06A118) supported by the High-tech Research and Development Program of China
文摘Surface morphology and inner structure of the dust were observed by ICP-AES, SEM-EDS and XRD to examine the strengthening measures of leaching potassium salt from the sintering dust by water. The results showed that the main component of the sintering dust was iron-oxygen compound, with KCl adsorbed on its surface. Leaching experiments showed that the KCl in the ESP dust could be separated and recovered by water leaching and fractional crystallization. The yield of K-Na vaporized crystalline salt was 18.56%, in which the mass fractions of KCl, NaCl, CaSO4 and K2SO4 were about 61.21%, 13.40%, 14.62%and 10.86%, respectively. The leaching kinetics of potassium salt from the sintering dust fits the external diffusion model well. The leaching speed and the leaching rate of the potassium salt can be increased by increasing the leaching temperature, strengthening the stirring speed and increasing the liquid-solid ratio.
文摘The world economy in 2024 proved surprisingly resilient despite multiple shocks. This resilience can largely be attributed to the effects of tight monetary policies and the strong performance of labor markets in major economies. Although a recession was narrowly avoided, the intensifying strategic rivalries among major powers, rising geopolitical risks, the resurgence of trade protectionism and sluggish global growth have all cast a shadow over the economic outlook.
文摘The year 2024 marks the tenth anniversary of General Secretary Xi Jinping’s proposal for a new energy security strategy and the start of the second decade of the Belt and Road Initiative.During this year,the international situation grew increasingly complex,with intensifying rivalries among major powers and sporadic occurrences of geopolitical conflicts and localized disturbances.CNPC’s international operations focus on maintaining stability while making progress,successfully overcoming various intertwined risks and achieving new milestones in international business development.For six consecutive years,the overseas equity production has maintained an equivalent of 100 million tons.International trade has achieved stable progress,and engineering services have made new breakthroughs in market expansion,contributing new momentum to CNPC’s establishment as a world-class enterprise.
基金supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada(NSERC)the China Scholarship Council(CSC,201708130079)。
文摘Coal fly ash(FA),a valuable industrial solid residue generated from coal combustion,is composed of various metal oxides and has a high thermal stability.Given that the coal-based energy will continue to account for a significant portion of global electricity generation in the coming years,the lack of effective management strategies exacerbates the threat of FA wastes to the surrounding environment and human health.For a sustainable development,green and renewable hydrogen economy and CO_(2)capture efforts provide appealing opportunities to valorize FA as catalysts and/or sorbents due to their appealing physicochemical properties.Hydrogen applications along with carbon neutrality are potential strategies to mitigate climate change crisis,but high processing costs(catalysts/sorbents)are challenging to realize this purpose.In this context,the utilization of FA not only enhances industrial competitiveness(by reducing manufacturing costs),but also provides ecologically friendly approaches to minimizing this solid waste.This state-of-the-art review highlights a wide-ranging outlook on the valorization of FA as catalysts and sorbents for hydrogen-rich gas production via conventional/intensified processes(CO_(2)/H_(2)O reforming,ammonia decomposition,hydride hydrolysis).The fundamental physicochemical characterizations and hazards/utilization of FA,which significantly affect the FA's utilization in various fields,are first introduced.The influence of several factors(like FA types and catalysis/sorption operation conditions)on the activity performance of FA-based materials is then discussed in detail.This critical review aims to open the window to further innovative ideas regarding the application of different FA residues in other catalytic and sorption processes.
