Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness of quality nursing in the management of reusable instruments in the Central Sterile Supply Department(CSSD).Methods:Eleven nurses from the CSSD department were selected from Jan...Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness of quality nursing in the management of reusable instruments in the Central Sterile Supply Department(CSSD).Methods:Eleven nurses from the CSSD department were selected from January to October 2024,and quality nursing activities were implemented in the management of reusable instruments.The completion of quality indicators was analyzed.The instrument quality management scores,department satisfaction,and nurses’professional ability scores before and after nursing management were compared.Results:After nursing intervention,the qualified rates of initial cleaning and final cleaning of sterilization instruments were 99.66%and 100%,respectively.The qualified rate of packaging was 99.97%,the wet package rate was 0.1‰,the loading qualified rate was 99.88%,and the qualified rate of distribution was 99.99%.After nursing intervention,the nurses’instrument quality management scores,department satisfaction,and nurses’professional ability scores were all higher than those before nursing intervention(P<0.05).Conclusion:Quality nursing activities can improve the cleaning,packaging,and sterilization qualified rates of reusable instruments in the CSSD,enhance the effect of instrument quality management,obtain higher department satisfaction from nurses,cultivate their professional abilities,and possess significant nursing management advantages.展开更多
The response and performance of radiation detectors for accurate measurements and effective use for radiological safety in medical, industrial, and nuclear sectors are based on the optimal use, maintenance, repair and...The response and performance of radiation detectors for accurate measurements and effective use for radiological safety in medical, industrial, and nuclear sectors are based on the optimal use, maintenance, repair and calibration of radiation monitoring instruments in a secondary standard dosimetry laboratory. In Nigeria, the suboptimal performances of these instruments are attributed to inadequate maintenance practices, insufficient calibration, and limited awareness of proper equipment handling for optimal use. This study assesses the current practices related to the optimal use, maintenance, repair, and calibration of radiation detection equipment across Nigeria’s six geopolitical zones. Using a cross-sectional survey approach, data were collected from Ninety (90) radiation monitoring equipment operators, Radiation Safety Officers, and frontline responders to evaluate their knowledge, awareness, and practices concerning equipment usage, operation, storage, handling, and calibration. The findings reveal significant gaps in knowledge of usage (trained is 43.2%, not trained is 56.8%) and inconsistencies in maintenance practices (as indicated by the regression analysis (β = 0.51, p < 0.01), particularly regarding specialized instruments such as the PackEye, Mobile Detection System (MDS), Radionuclide Identifinder (RID), and Personal Radiation Detectors (PRD). While there is high awareness of the need for regular calibration and handling training, the lack of standardized protocols and training alignment poses challenges to the effective use of these instruments. This study underscores the importance of comprehensive training programs, standardized maintenance protocols, and enhanced awareness initiatives to optimize the usage, performance and safety of radiation monitoring instruments in Nigeria.展开更多
BACKGROUND Pedicle screw fixation is frequently used to treat unstable thoracolumbar injuries;however,the rate of instrumentation failure remains considerable.The primary contributing factor leading to instrumentation...BACKGROUND Pedicle screw fixation is frequently used to treat unstable thoracolumbar injuries;however,the rate of instrumentation failure remains considerable.The primary contributing factor leading to instrumentation failure is poor bone quality.On the other hand,some evidence suggests that surgical tactics can influence long-term instrumentation stability.AIM To assess factors that influence the stability of spinal instrumentation in patients with thoracolumbar injuries.METHODS This study is a non-randomized single center ambispective evaluation of 204 consecutive patients(117 men;87 women)with unstable thoracolumbar injuries.All patients underwent either stand-alone or combined with anterior column reconstruction instrumentation.In cases with spinal cord and nerve root injuries,either posterior or anterior decompression were performed.Patients with pedicle screw loosening were identified via computed tomography imaging.Out of those,cases with clinically significant instrumentation failure were registered.RESULTS The rate of pedicle screw loosening detected by computed tomography was inversely correlated with bone radiodensity figures and an increased association with the number of instrumented levels,residual kyphotic deformity,laminectomy,and lumbosacral fixation.Intermediate screws and anterior reconstruction were associated with a clinically relevant decreased risk of pedicle screw loosening development.Either complete or partial posterior fusion within instrumented levels was capable of decreasing instrumentation failure risk,while extensive decompression with laminectomy and at least one-level total facetectomy were associated with an increased risk of instrumentation failure.Anterior decompression does not have a negative impact on instrumentation stability.CONCLUSION Intermediate screws,anterior reconstruction and posterior tension band preservation are associated with decreased rates of instrumentation instability development.Posterior fusion is beneficial in terms of instrumentation failure prevention.展开更多
The efficacy requirements of cosmetic instruments and explored their efficacy evaluation methods was investigated.The efficacy and claims of common cosmetic instruments on the market were investigated,and human clinic...The efficacy requirements of cosmetic instruments and explored their efficacy evaluation methods was investigated.The efficacy and claims of common cosmetic instruments on the market were investigated,and human clinical trials were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of household cosmetic instruments.Household cosmetic instruments mainly include technologies such as sound wave,ion conduction,LED light,EMS microcurrent,RF radio frequency,and laser.This paper took microcurrent as an example to explore its efficacy claim methods.In human test I,the water content in the stratum corneum of the forearms of 31 subjects increased significantly compared with the blank control after 8 h.In human test II,30 subjects showed significant decreases in skin texture R5,transepidermal water loss TEWL,skin firmness F4 value,skin elasticity R2 value,overall size and depth of facial wrinkles,and facial jawline angle,and a significant increase in facial gloss value.The results showed that the cosmetic instrument had effects of moisturizing,improving facial evenness,repairing barrier,improving skin elasticity and firmness,and improving facial edema.展开更多
The presence of residual stresses in materials or engineering structures can significantly influence their mechanical per-formance.Accurate measurement of residual stresses is of great importance to ensure their in-se...The presence of residual stresses in materials or engineering structures can significantly influence their mechanical per-formance.Accurate measurement of residual stresses is of great importance to ensure their in-service reliability.Although numerous instrumented indentation methods have been proposed to evaluate residual stresses,the majority of them require a stress-free reference sample as a comparison benchmark,thereby limiting their applicability in scenarios where obtaining stress-free reference samples is challenging.In this work,through a number of finite element simulations,it was found that the loading exponent of the loading load-depth curve and the recovered depth during unloading are insensitive to residual stresses.The loading curve of the stress-free specimen was virtually reconstructed using such stress-insensitive parameters extracted from the load-depth curves of the stressed state,thus eliminating the requirement for stress-free reference samples.The residual stress was then correlated with the fractional change in loading work between stressed and stress-free loading curves through dimensional analysis and finite element simulations.Based on this correlation,an instrumented sharp indentation method for measuring equibiaxial residual stress without requiring a stress-free specimen was established.Both numerical and experimental verifications were carried out to demonstrate the accuracy and reliability of the newly proposed method.The maximum relative error and absolute error in measured residual stresses are typically within±20%and±20 MPa,respectively.展开更多
Aiming at node deployment in the monitoring area of the field observation instrument network in the cold and arid regions,we propose a virtual force algorithm based on Voronoi diagram(VFAVD),which adopts probabilistic...Aiming at node deployment in the monitoring area of the field observation instrument network in the cold and arid regions,we propose a virtual force algorithm based on Voronoi diagram(VFAVD),which adopts probabilistic sensing model that is more in line with the actual situation.First,the Voronoi diagram is constructed in the monitoring area to determine the Thiessen polygon of each node.Then,the virtual force on each node is calculated,and the node update its position according to the direction and size of the total force,so as to achieve the purpose of improving the network coverage rate.The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively improve the coverage rate of the network,and also has a good effect on the coverage uniformity.展开更多
On April 6th,the"Silk Road People-to-People Connectivity"China-Cambodia Traditional Instrument Concert was successfully held in Phnom Penh.The event was attended by Li Ji,Cultural Counsellor of the Chinese E...On April 6th,the"Silk Road People-to-People Connectivity"China-Cambodia Traditional Instrument Concert was successfully held in Phnom Penh.The event was attended by Li Ji,Cultural Counsellor of the Chinese Embassy in Cambodia,officials from Ministry of Culture and Fine Arts of Cambodia and Ministry of Commerce of Cambodia,along with vips from various sectors.展开更多
Instrument separation is a critical complication during root canal therapy,impacting treatment success and long-term tooth preservation.The etiology of instrument separation is multifactorial,involving the intricate a...Instrument separation is a critical complication during root canal therapy,impacting treatment success and long-term tooth preservation.The etiology of instrument separation is multifactorial,involving the intricate anatomy of the root canal system,instrument-related factors,and instrumentation techniques.Instrument separation can hinder thorough cleaning,shaping,and obturation of the root canal,posing challenges to successful treatment outcomes.Although retrieval of separated instrument is often feasible,it carries risks including perforation,excessive removal of tooth structure and root fractures.Effective management of separated instruments requires a comprehensive understanding of the contributing factors,meticulous preoperative assessment,and precise evaluation of the retrieval difficulty.The application of appropriate retrieval techniques is essential to minimize complications and optimize clinical outcomes.The current manuscript provides a framework for understanding the causes,risk factors,and clinical management principles of instrument separation.By integrating effective strategies,endodontists can enhance decision-making,improve endodontic treatment success and ensure the preservation of natural dentition.展开更多
The research topic of the author’s PhD dissertation is“The Impact of Motivation Cultivation on English Autonomous Learning among University Students in Hunan,China—A Mediating Role of Learning Strategy.”Within thi...The research topic of the author’s PhD dissertation is“The Impact of Motivation Cultivation on English Autonomous Learning among University Students in Hunan,China—A Mediating Role of Learning Strategy.”Within this topic,three key variables are identified:the dependent variable(DV),the independent variable(IV),and the mediating variable(MV).Specifically,the DV refers to English autonomous learning,the IV refers to motivation,and the MV refers to learning strategy.The research establishes that the MV(learning strategy)is an integral component of information processing theory(IPT).Consequently,the dissertation incorporates integrative and instrumental motivation theories alongside IPT as its foundational theoretical framework.This paper aims to explore the theoretical framework of the PhD dissertation in detail,focusing on the interplay of these three theories.展开更多
This study examined the development of technician teams on large-scale instrument platforms in universities,using the State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs in the Peking University School of Pharmaceuti...This study examined the development of technician teams on large-scale instrument platforms in universities,using the State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs in the Peking University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences as a case study.Data were collected through questionnaire surveys and interviews conducted in 2017,followed by a questionnaire survey in 2023,offering both subjective and objective insights.The evolution of the platform’s technician team over the past 5 years was analyzed,highlighting key experiences and identifying ongoing challenges.Recommendations to enhance technician team development include recruiting skilled faculty,clearly defining job responsibilities,and refining the assessment and incentive systems.展开更多
This paper introduces the key design aspects of automotive center console instrument systems,including hardware architecture,ergonomics,antenna layout,etc.It elaborates on the application and advantages of various adv...This paper introduces the key design aspects of automotive center console instrument systems,including hardware architecture,ergonomics,antenna layout,etc.It elaborates on the application and advantages of various advanced technologies,such as 3D printing and dual-color injection molding.Additionally,it discusses advancements in structural design,as well as future challenges and the trend of multidisciplinary collaborative innovation.展开更多
There is a certain failure rate in traditional glaucoma surgery because of the lack of depth information in microscope images.In this work,we present a digital microscope-integrated optical coherence tomography(MIOCT)...There is a certain failure rate in traditional glaucoma surgery because of the lack of depth information in microscope images.In this work,we present a digital microscope-integrated optical coherence tomography(MIOCT)system and several custom-made OCT-compatible instruments for glaucoma surgery.Sixteen ophthalmologists were asked to perform trabeculectomy and canaloplasty on live porcine eyes using the system and instruments.After surgery,a subjective feedback survey about the user experience was taken.The experiment results showed that our system can help surgeons easily locate important tissue structures during surgery.The custom-made instruments also solved the shadowing problem in OCT imaging.Surgeons preferred to use the system in their future practice.展开更多
The ESA and CAS SMILE mission orbit is highly elliptical and will pass through multiple radiation environments.The Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)instrument aboard has a radiation shutter door designed to close when the surrou...The ESA and CAS SMILE mission orbit is highly elliptical and will pass through multiple radiation environments.The Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)instrument aboard has a radiation shutter door designed to close when the surrounding radiation flux is high.The shutter door will close when passing below an altitude threshold to protect against trapped particles in the Earth’s Van Allen Belts.Therefore,two radiation environments can be approximated based on the shutter door position:open and closed.The instrument background for the CCDs(Charge-Coupled Devices)that form the focal plane array of the SXI were evaluated for the two environments.Due to the correlation of the space environment with the solar cycle,the solar minima and maxima,the background was also evaluated at these two extremes.The results demonstrated that the highest instrument background will occur during solar minima due to the main contributing source being Galactic Cosmic Rays(GCRs).It was also found that the open background was highest for solar minima and that the closed background was highest during solar maxima.This is due to the radiation shutter door acting as a scattering centre and the changes in the energy flux distribution of the GCRs between the two solar extremes.展开更多
Through the online and offline practical reform of the Modern Instrumental Analysis course of biotechnology majors from teaching content,teaching method,teaching demonstration to teaching effect,the traditional single...Through the online and offline practical reform of the Modern Instrumental Analysis course of biotechnology majors from teaching content,teaching method,teaching demonstration to teaching effect,the traditional single offline lecture is transformed into diversified and interactive modern teaching.The practical reform enriches and optimizes the course content,perfects and improves the course assessment system,and improves the teaching quality.It achieves the student-centered and application-oriented teaching goal,and also provides reference for further cultivating high-quality applied talents.展开更多
The Greenhouse Gas Monitoring Instrument(GMI)onboard the Chinese hyperspectral satellite GF5-02 can provide abundant observations of global atmospheric CO_(2),which plays an important role in climate research.CO_(2)re...The Greenhouse Gas Monitoring Instrument(GMI)onboard the Chinese hyperspectral satellite GF5-02 can provide abundant observations of global atmospheric CO_(2),which plays an important role in climate research.CO_(2)retrieval precision is the key to determining the application value of the GMI.To reduce the influence of atmospheric scattering on retrieval,we combined the Directional Polarimetric Camera(DPC)data on the same satellite to improve the anti-interference ability of GMI CO_(2)retrieval and ensure its retrieval precision.To realize the reliability and feasibility of the collaborative use of the GMI and DPC,this paper designs the pointing registration method of the GMI based on coastline observations,the spatial resolution matching method and the collaborative cloud screening method of the GMI and DPC observations.Combined with the DPC,which supplied the spectral data and aerosol product,the retrieval ability of the coupled bidirectional reflectance distribution function CO_(2)retrieval(CBCR)method developed for GMI CO_(2)retrieval was improved,with the retrieval efficiency of CO_(2)products increasing by 27%,and the CO_(2)retrieval precision increasing from 3.3 ppm to 2.7 ppm.Moreover,collaborative use not only guaranteed the GMI’s ability to detect global and area CO_(2)concentration distribution characteristics,such as significant concentration differences between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres in winter and high CO_(2)concentrations in urban agglomeration areas caused by human activities,but also extended the GMI’s potential for monitoring anomalous events,such as the Tonga volcanic eruption.展开更多
New instruments and sensing technologies have extensive applications in non-destructive testing,safety monitoring,human-computer interaction,precision sensing,and other fields.The emergence of new structural materials...New instruments and sensing technologies have extensive applications in non-destructive testing,safety monitoring,human-computer interaction,precision sensing,and other fields.The emergence of new structural materials,new preparation processes,and new sensing theories has driven the development of precision measurement instruments and intelligent sensing technology with the rapid development of electromagnetics,optics,and materials science.展开更多
Dear Readers:Astronomical Techniques and Instruments is a professional English journal of open access devoted to recent develop-ments,discoveries,and theories in astronomical techniques,methods,and instruments.It will...Dear Readers:Astronomical Techniques and Instruments is a professional English journal of open access devoted to recent develop-ments,discoveries,and theories in astronomical techniques,methods,and instruments.It will serve as a platform for dis-course,learning,and information sharing for astronomic and astrophysics professionals worldwide.展开更多
Introduction: The choice of adopting unilateral pedicle screw fixation or using bilateral pedicle screw fixation in lumbar spinal stenosis remains controversial. In our context, very few studies have been performed co...Introduction: The choice of adopting unilateral pedicle screw fixation or using bilateral pedicle screw fixation in lumbar spinal stenosis remains controversial. In our context, very few studies have been performed comparing the clinical effectiveness of unilateral versus bilateral fixation in the surgical management of lumbar spinal canal stenosis. Objective: Evaluate the impact on quality of life and clinical efficacy of unilateral spondylodesis compared to bilateral spondylodesis in the surgical management of lumbar spinal canal stenosis at the Yaounde Central Hospital. Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study for a period of 4 years, from June 2015 to June 2019. It involved all patients operated for lumbar canal stenosis and who underwent spondylodesis or spinal fusion at the neurosurgery department of the Yaounde Central Hospital. Results: A total of 68 participants were recruited during our study period. 32 (47%) of the study population were in the 50 - 60 age group, with a mean age of 56.98 years ranging from 41 to 75 years. Females, housewives and farmers were the most affected. In our study, 72% of patients had unilateral spondylodesis and 28% had bilateral fusion. Preoperatively, 71% of patients had insurmountable pain, refractory to medical treatment. At 3 months postoperatively, 73.7% of patients with bilateral setup had moderate pain compared to 69% of those with unilateral setup. At 6 months postoperatively, 79% of patients with bilateral fusion had mild pain compared to 82% of patients with unilateral setup. At 1 year postoperatively, all patients had mild pain. Preoperatively, 66.2% of patients were unable to walk and 19.1% of patients were bedridden according to the Oswestry score. At 3 months postoperatively, 10.2% of patients with unilateral setup were unable to walk compared to 10.5% of patients with bilateral fixation, while 67.3% of patients with unilateral fixation had moderate disability compared to 52.6% of patients with bilateral fixation. At 6 months postoperatively, 51% of patients with unilateral setup had moderate disability compared to 47.4% of patients with bilateral fixation, while 42.9% of patients with unilateral fixation had mild disability compared to 42.1% of patients with bilateral fixation. At 1 year postoperatively, 81.6% of patients who underwent unilateral fixation had only mild disability compared to 73.7% of patients with bilateral fixation. Conclusion: The assessment of quality of life according to the set-up used shows similar results at 3 months, 6 months and 1 year, with no statistically significant differences. Single-sided pedicle screw fixation combined with transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion or mounting has the advantage of being faster, with less bleeding and is less expensive compared to bilateral fixation.展开更多
Objective:Validation is an important aspect of an instrument,and it ensures the confidence of researchers to employ the instrument in their studies.This study was conducted to develop and validate an instrument to ass...Objective:Validation is an important aspect of an instrument,and it ensures the confidence of researchers to employ the instrument in their studies.This study was conducted to develop and validate an instrument to assess knowledge,attitudes,and practices(KAP) on digital health among nurses since digital health capacity is a major concern in health care that needs to be assessed.Methods:We conducted a methodological study to assess the content validity and reliability of the instrument.First,items were generated through a comprehensive literature review and by obtaining an expert opinion.Second,content and face validity were assessed by a panel of 7 experts.Both the item-level content validity index(I-CVI) and the scale-level content validity index(S-CVI) were established.Moreover,test–retest reliability and internal consistency of the instrument were assessed.Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.Results:The initial pool consisted of 60 items and after obtaining content,face,and construct validity,51 items remained.Items with an I-CVI <0.78 were considered relevant.The S-CVI for relevancy,clarity,ambiguity,and simplicity were 0.93,0.91,0.94,and 0.92,respectively.Five subcomponents were constructed in each knowledge and attitudes domain,and the test–retest reliability test revealed that the instrument has good reliability,showing correlation coefficient values for the KAP domains and the total questionnaire of 0.76,0.98,0.99,and 0.99,respectively.The independent Cronbach's α for all items was 0.76,indicating good internal consistency.Conclusions:The present study established the acceptable validity and ensured the good reliability and internal consistency of the instrument,which can serve as an assessment tool of KAP on digital health among healthcare professionals.展开更多
Objective:To explore the effect of applying the Plan-Do-Check-Act(PDCA)cycle combined with instrument mapping to manage surgical instruments in a hospital sterilization supply center.Methods:A total of 600 surgical in...Objective:To explore the effect of applying the Plan-Do-Check-Act(PDCA)cycle combined with instrument mapping to manage surgical instruments in a hospital sterilization supply center.Methods:A total of 600 surgical instruments in a hospital’s surgical instrument sterilization and supply management center were sampled and grouped based on the introduction of the PDCA cycle combined with instrument mapping.The control group included 300 surgical instruments subject to routine sterilization management from November 2023 to January 2024.The observation group included 300 surgical instruments managed with the PDCA cycle combined with instrument mapping from February 2024 to April 2024.The quality of surgical instrument management,incidence of adverse events,and other indicators were compared between the two groups.Results:The observation group demonstrated significantly higher scores in management quality indices compared to the control group,with scores for disassembly and assembly(93.28±1.57 vs.87.41±1.48),cleaning(95.04±2.08 vs.90.23±2.12),disinfection and sterilization(95.33±1.27 vs.91.95±1.39),waste disposal(93.26±1.24 vs.89.65±1.18),packaging and traceability(94.35±1.74 vs.92.23±1.65),and issuance and recycling(95.79±1.72 vs.90.22±1.81)(all P<0.05).The observation group reported two adverse events(one incomplete instrument specification and one case of instrument package overweight)with an incidence rate of 0.67%.Conversely,the control group reported six adverse events(including shortages,incomplete specifications,unqualified sterilization,defective instruments,untimely or incorrect delivery,and overweight instrument packages)with an incidence rate of 3%,demonstrating statistically significant differences between groups(P<0.05).Conclusion:Applying the PDCA cycle combined with instrument mapping for surgical instrument management in hospital sterilization supply centers significantly improves management quality and reduces adverse events.Its application is recommended for wider adoption in hospital sterilization supply centers.展开更多
文摘Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness of quality nursing in the management of reusable instruments in the Central Sterile Supply Department(CSSD).Methods:Eleven nurses from the CSSD department were selected from January to October 2024,and quality nursing activities were implemented in the management of reusable instruments.The completion of quality indicators was analyzed.The instrument quality management scores,department satisfaction,and nurses’professional ability scores before and after nursing management were compared.Results:After nursing intervention,the qualified rates of initial cleaning and final cleaning of sterilization instruments were 99.66%and 100%,respectively.The qualified rate of packaging was 99.97%,the wet package rate was 0.1‰,the loading qualified rate was 99.88%,and the qualified rate of distribution was 99.99%.After nursing intervention,the nurses’instrument quality management scores,department satisfaction,and nurses’professional ability scores were all higher than those before nursing intervention(P<0.05).Conclusion:Quality nursing activities can improve the cleaning,packaging,and sterilization qualified rates of reusable instruments in the CSSD,enhance the effect of instrument quality management,obtain higher department satisfaction from nurses,cultivate their professional abilities,and possess significant nursing management advantages.
文摘The response and performance of radiation detectors for accurate measurements and effective use for radiological safety in medical, industrial, and nuclear sectors are based on the optimal use, maintenance, repair and calibration of radiation monitoring instruments in a secondary standard dosimetry laboratory. In Nigeria, the suboptimal performances of these instruments are attributed to inadequate maintenance practices, insufficient calibration, and limited awareness of proper equipment handling for optimal use. This study assesses the current practices related to the optimal use, maintenance, repair, and calibration of radiation detection equipment across Nigeria’s six geopolitical zones. Using a cross-sectional survey approach, data were collected from Ninety (90) radiation monitoring equipment operators, Radiation Safety Officers, and frontline responders to evaluate their knowledge, awareness, and practices concerning equipment usage, operation, storage, handling, and calibration. The findings reveal significant gaps in knowledge of usage (trained is 43.2%, not trained is 56.8%) and inconsistencies in maintenance practices (as indicated by the regression analysis (β = 0.51, p < 0.01), particularly regarding specialized instruments such as the PackEye, Mobile Detection System (MDS), Radionuclide Identifinder (RID), and Personal Radiation Detectors (PRD). While there is high awareness of the need for regular calibration and handling training, the lack of standardized protocols and training alignment poses challenges to the effective use of these instruments. This study underscores the importance of comprehensive training programs, standardized maintenance protocols, and enhanced awareness initiatives to optimize the usage, performance and safety of radiation monitoring instruments in Nigeria.
基金Supported by AI For Spinal Surgery Planning and Results Assessment Project under the“Priority 2030”Academic Leadership Initiative,No.6.18-01/240724-15.
文摘BACKGROUND Pedicle screw fixation is frequently used to treat unstable thoracolumbar injuries;however,the rate of instrumentation failure remains considerable.The primary contributing factor leading to instrumentation failure is poor bone quality.On the other hand,some evidence suggests that surgical tactics can influence long-term instrumentation stability.AIM To assess factors that influence the stability of spinal instrumentation in patients with thoracolumbar injuries.METHODS This study is a non-randomized single center ambispective evaluation of 204 consecutive patients(117 men;87 women)with unstable thoracolumbar injuries.All patients underwent either stand-alone or combined with anterior column reconstruction instrumentation.In cases with spinal cord and nerve root injuries,either posterior or anterior decompression were performed.Patients with pedicle screw loosening were identified via computed tomography imaging.Out of those,cases with clinically significant instrumentation failure were registered.RESULTS The rate of pedicle screw loosening detected by computed tomography was inversely correlated with bone radiodensity figures and an increased association with the number of instrumented levels,residual kyphotic deformity,laminectomy,and lumbosacral fixation.Intermediate screws and anterior reconstruction were associated with a clinically relevant decreased risk of pedicle screw loosening development.Either complete or partial posterior fusion within instrumented levels was capable of decreasing instrumentation failure risk,while extensive decompression with laminectomy and at least one-level total facetectomy were associated with an increased risk of instrumentation failure.Anterior decompression does not have a negative impact on instrumentation stability.CONCLUSION Intermediate screws,anterior reconstruction and posterior tension band preservation are associated with decreased rates of instrumentation instability development.Posterior fusion is beneficial in terms of instrumentation failure prevention.
文摘The efficacy requirements of cosmetic instruments and explored their efficacy evaluation methods was investigated.The efficacy and claims of common cosmetic instruments on the market were investigated,and human clinical trials were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of household cosmetic instruments.Household cosmetic instruments mainly include technologies such as sound wave,ion conduction,LED light,EMS microcurrent,RF radio frequency,and laser.This paper took microcurrent as an example to explore its efficacy claim methods.In human test I,the water content in the stratum corneum of the forearms of 31 subjects increased significantly compared with the blank control after 8 h.In human test II,30 subjects showed significant decreases in skin texture R5,transepidermal water loss TEWL,skin firmness F4 value,skin elasticity R2 value,overall size and depth of facial wrinkles,and facial jawline angle,and a significant increase in facial gloss value.The results showed that the cosmetic instrument had effects of moisturizing,improving facial evenness,repairing barrier,improving skin elasticity and firmness,and improving facial edema.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12172332,11727803 and 12072009)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.LZ23A020007)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Provincial Universities of Zhejiang(Grant No.RF-C2022003).
文摘The presence of residual stresses in materials or engineering structures can significantly influence their mechanical per-formance.Accurate measurement of residual stresses is of great importance to ensure their in-service reliability.Although numerous instrumented indentation methods have been proposed to evaluate residual stresses,the majority of them require a stress-free reference sample as a comparison benchmark,thereby limiting their applicability in scenarios where obtaining stress-free reference samples is challenging.In this work,through a number of finite element simulations,it was found that the loading exponent of the loading load-depth curve and the recovered depth during unloading are insensitive to residual stresses.The loading curve of the stress-free specimen was virtually reconstructed using such stress-insensitive parameters extracted from the load-depth curves of the stressed state,thus eliminating the requirement for stress-free reference samples.The residual stress was then correlated with the fractional change in loading work between stressed and stress-free loading curves through dimensional analysis and finite element simulations.Based on this correlation,an instrumented sharp indentation method for measuring equibiaxial residual stress without requiring a stress-free specimen was established.Both numerical and experimental verifications were carried out to demonstrate the accuracy and reliability of the newly proposed method.The maximum relative error and absolute error in measured residual stresses are typically within±20%and±20 MPa,respectively.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61862038)Lanzhou Talent Innovation and Entrepreneurship Technology Plan Project(No.2019-RC-14).
文摘Aiming at node deployment in the monitoring area of the field observation instrument network in the cold and arid regions,we propose a virtual force algorithm based on Voronoi diagram(VFAVD),which adopts probabilistic sensing model that is more in line with the actual situation.First,the Voronoi diagram is constructed in the monitoring area to determine the Thiessen polygon of each node.Then,the virtual force on each node is calculated,and the node update its position according to the direction and size of the total force,so as to achieve the purpose of improving the network coverage rate.The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively improve the coverage rate of the network,and also has a good effect on the coverage uniformity.
文摘On April 6th,the"Silk Road People-to-People Connectivity"China-Cambodia Traditional Instrument Concert was successfully held in Phnom Penh.The event was attended by Li Ji,Cultural Counsellor of the Chinese Embassy in Cambodia,officials from Ministry of Culture and Fine Arts of Cambodia and Ministry of Commerce of Cambodia,along with vips from various sectors.
文摘Instrument separation is a critical complication during root canal therapy,impacting treatment success and long-term tooth preservation.The etiology of instrument separation is multifactorial,involving the intricate anatomy of the root canal system,instrument-related factors,and instrumentation techniques.Instrument separation can hinder thorough cleaning,shaping,and obturation of the root canal,posing challenges to successful treatment outcomes.Although retrieval of separated instrument is often feasible,it carries risks including perforation,excessive removal of tooth structure and root fractures.Effective management of separated instruments requires a comprehensive understanding of the contributing factors,meticulous preoperative assessment,and precise evaluation of the retrieval difficulty.The application of appropriate retrieval techniques is essential to minimize complications and optimize clinical outcomes.The current manuscript provides a framework for understanding the causes,risk factors,and clinical management principles of instrument separation.By integrating effective strategies,endodontists can enhance decision-making,improve endodontic treatment success and ensure the preservation of natural dentition.
基金Swan College of Central South University of Forestry and Technology Teaching Reform Research Project“The Impact of Teachers’Task-Based Teaching Method on English Interpreting Learning among University Students in Hunan,China”(SWXYJGPJ27)Swan College of Central South University of Forestry and Technology Scientific Research Project“The Impact of Integrative Motivation and Instrumental Motivation on English Autonomous Learning among University Students in Hunan,China--A Mediating Role of Learning Strategy”(SYXY202441)。
文摘The research topic of the author’s PhD dissertation is“The Impact of Motivation Cultivation on English Autonomous Learning among University Students in Hunan,China—A Mediating Role of Learning Strategy.”Within this topic,three key variables are identified:the dependent variable(DV),the independent variable(IV),and the mediating variable(MV).Specifically,the DV refers to English autonomous learning,the IV refers to motivation,and the MV refers to learning strategy.The research establishes that the MV(learning strategy)is an integral component of information processing theory(IPT).Consequently,the dissertation incorporates integrative and instrumental motivation theories alongside IPT as its foundational theoretical framework.This paper aims to explore the theoretical framework of the PhD dissertation in detail,focusing on the interplay of these three theories.
文摘This study examined the development of technician teams on large-scale instrument platforms in universities,using the State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs in the Peking University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences as a case study.Data were collected through questionnaire surveys and interviews conducted in 2017,followed by a questionnaire survey in 2023,offering both subjective and objective insights.The evolution of the platform’s technician team over the past 5 years was analyzed,highlighting key experiences and identifying ongoing challenges.Recommendations to enhance technician team development include recruiting skilled faculty,clearly defining job responsibilities,and refining the assessment and incentive systems.
文摘This paper introduces the key design aspects of automotive center console instrument systems,including hardware architecture,ergonomics,antenna layout,etc.It elaborates on the application and advantages of various advanced technologies,such as 3D printing and dual-color injection molding.Additionally,it discusses advancements in structural design,as well as future challenges and the trend of multidisciplinary collaborative innovation.
基金support of the foundations:National Key R&D Program of China,Grant Nos.2022YFC2404201CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research,Grant Nos.YSBR-067+2 种基金The Gusu Innovation and Entrepreneurship Leading Talents in Suzhou City,Grant Nos.ZXL2021425Jiangsu Science and Technology Plan Program,Grant Nos.BK20220263National Key R&D Program of China,Grant Nos.2021YFF0700503.
文摘There is a certain failure rate in traditional glaucoma surgery because of the lack of depth information in microscope images.In this work,we present a digital microscope-integrated optical coherence tomography(MIOCT)system and several custom-made OCT-compatible instruments for glaucoma surgery.Sixteen ophthalmologists were asked to perform trabeculectomy and canaloplasty on live porcine eyes using the system and instruments.After surgery,a subjective feedback survey about the user experience was taken.The experiment results showed that our system can help surgeons easily locate important tissue structures during surgery.The custom-made instruments also solved the shadowing problem in OCT imaging.Surgeons preferred to use the system in their future practice.
文摘The ESA and CAS SMILE mission orbit is highly elliptical and will pass through multiple radiation environments.The Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)instrument aboard has a radiation shutter door designed to close when the surrounding radiation flux is high.The shutter door will close when passing below an altitude threshold to protect against trapped particles in the Earth’s Van Allen Belts.Therefore,two radiation environments can be approximated based on the shutter door position:open and closed.The instrument background for the CCDs(Charge-Coupled Devices)that form the focal plane array of the SXI were evaluated for the two environments.Due to the correlation of the space environment with the solar cycle,the solar minima and maxima,the background was also evaluated at these two extremes.The results demonstrated that the highest instrument background will occur during solar minima due to the main contributing source being Galactic Cosmic Rays(GCRs).It was also found that the open background was highest for solar minima and that the closed background was highest during solar maxima.This is due to the radiation shutter door acting as a scattering centre and the changes in the energy flux distribution of the GCRs between the two solar extremes.
基金Supported Biotechnology Application Demonstration Major in Hebei Province(20801001002)Provincial Biotechnology Application Demonstration Major(SYLZY2021-1)+2 种基金School-level Biotechnology Application Demonstration Major(XYYZY2024-1)School-level Education and Teaching Reform Project of Langfang Normal University in 2022(K2022-22)Industry-University Cooperative Education Project of Ministry of Education(20210211904).
文摘Through the online and offline practical reform of the Modern Instrumental Analysis course of biotechnology majors from teaching content,teaching method,teaching demonstration to teaching effect,the traditional single offline lecture is transformed into diversified and interactive modern teaching.The practical reform enriches and optimizes the course content,perfects and improves the course assessment system,and improves the teaching quality.It achieves the student-centered and application-oriented teaching goal,and also provides reference for further cultivating high-quality applied talents.
基金funded by National Key R&D Program of China[Grant No.2021YFE0118000]Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences[Grant No.ZDRW-KT-2020-3]and Dragon 5 cooperation.
文摘The Greenhouse Gas Monitoring Instrument(GMI)onboard the Chinese hyperspectral satellite GF5-02 can provide abundant observations of global atmospheric CO_(2),which plays an important role in climate research.CO_(2)retrieval precision is the key to determining the application value of the GMI.To reduce the influence of atmospheric scattering on retrieval,we combined the Directional Polarimetric Camera(DPC)data on the same satellite to improve the anti-interference ability of GMI CO_(2)retrieval and ensure its retrieval precision.To realize the reliability and feasibility of the collaborative use of the GMI and DPC,this paper designs the pointing registration method of the GMI based on coastline observations,the spatial resolution matching method and the collaborative cloud screening method of the GMI and DPC observations.Combined with the DPC,which supplied the spectral data and aerosol product,the retrieval ability of the coupled bidirectional reflectance distribution function CO_(2)retrieval(CBCR)method developed for GMI CO_(2)retrieval was improved,with the retrieval efficiency of CO_(2)products increasing by 27%,and the CO_(2)retrieval precision increasing from 3.3 ppm to 2.7 ppm.Moreover,collaborative use not only guaranteed the GMI’s ability to detect global and area CO_(2)concentration distribution characteristics,such as significant concentration differences between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres in winter and high CO_(2)concentrations in urban agglomeration areas caused by human activities,but also extended the GMI’s potential for monitoring anomalous events,such as the Tonga volcanic eruption.
文摘New instruments and sensing technologies have extensive applications in non-destructive testing,safety monitoring,human-computer interaction,precision sensing,and other fields.The emergence of new structural materials,new preparation processes,and new sensing theories has driven the development of precision measurement instruments and intelligent sensing technology with the rapid development of electromagnetics,optics,and materials science.
文摘Dear Readers:Astronomical Techniques and Instruments is a professional English journal of open access devoted to recent develop-ments,discoveries,and theories in astronomical techniques,methods,and instruments.It will serve as a platform for dis-course,learning,and information sharing for astronomic and astrophysics professionals worldwide.
文摘Introduction: The choice of adopting unilateral pedicle screw fixation or using bilateral pedicle screw fixation in lumbar spinal stenosis remains controversial. In our context, very few studies have been performed comparing the clinical effectiveness of unilateral versus bilateral fixation in the surgical management of lumbar spinal canal stenosis. Objective: Evaluate the impact on quality of life and clinical efficacy of unilateral spondylodesis compared to bilateral spondylodesis in the surgical management of lumbar spinal canal stenosis at the Yaounde Central Hospital. Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study for a period of 4 years, from June 2015 to June 2019. It involved all patients operated for lumbar canal stenosis and who underwent spondylodesis or spinal fusion at the neurosurgery department of the Yaounde Central Hospital. Results: A total of 68 participants were recruited during our study period. 32 (47%) of the study population were in the 50 - 60 age group, with a mean age of 56.98 years ranging from 41 to 75 years. Females, housewives and farmers were the most affected. In our study, 72% of patients had unilateral spondylodesis and 28% had bilateral fusion. Preoperatively, 71% of patients had insurmountable pain, refractory to medical treatment. At 3 months postoperatively, 73.7% of patients with bilateral setup had moderate pain compared to 69% of those with unilateral setup. At 6 months postoperatively, 79% of patients with bilateral fusion had mild pain compared to 82% of patients with unilateral setup. At 1 year postoperatively, all patients had mild pain. Preoperatively, 66.2% of patients were unable to walk and 19.1% of patients were bedridden according to the Oswestry score. At 3 months postoperatively, 10.2% of patients with unilateral setup were unable to walk compared to 10.5% of patients with bilateral fixation, while 67.3% of patients with unilateral fixation had moderate disability compared to 52.6% of patients with bilateral fixation. At 6 months postoperatively, 51% of patients with unilateral setup had moderate disability compared to 47.4% of patients with bilateral fixation, while 42.9% of patients with unilateral fixation had mild disability compared to 42.1% of patients with bilateral fixation. At 1 year postoperatively, 81.6% of patients who underwent unilateral fixation had only mild disability compared to 73.7% of patients with bilateral fixation. Conclusion: The assessment of quality of life according to the set-up used shows similar results at 3 months, 6 months and 1 year, with no statistically significant differences. Single-sided pedicle screw fixation combined with transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion or mounting has the advantage of being faster, with less bleeding and is less expensive compared to bilateral fixation.
基金supported by the University of Sri Jayewardenepura(No. ASP/01/RE/AHS/2021/91)。
文摘Objective:Validation is an important aspect of an instrument,and it ensures the confidence of researchers to employ the instrument in their studies.This study was conducted to develop and validate an instrument to assess knowledge,attitudes,and practices(KAP) on digital health among nurses since digital health capacity is a major concern in health care that needs to be assessed.Methods:We conducted a methodological study to assess the content validity and reliability of the instrument.First,items were generated through a comprehensive literature review and by obtaining an expert opinion.Second,content and face validity were assessed by a panel of 7 experts.Both the item-level content validity index(I-CVI) and the scale-level content validity index(S-CVI) were established.Moreover,test–retest reliability and internal consistency of the instrument were assessed.Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.Results:The initial pool consisted of 60 items and after obtaining content,face,and construct validity,51 items remained.Items with an I-CVI <0.78 were considered relevant.The S-CVI for relevancy,clarity,ambiguity,and simplicity were 0.93,0.91,0.94,and 0.92,respectively.Five subcomponents were constructed in each knowledge and attitudes domain,and the test–retest reliability test revealed that the instrument has good reliability,showing correlation coefficient values for the KAP domains and the total questionnaire of 0.76,0.98,0.99,and 0.99,respectively.The independent Cronbach's α for all items was 0.76,indicating good internal consistency.Conclusions:The present study established the acceptable validity and ensured the good reliability and internal consistency of the instrument,which can serve as an assessment tool of KAP on digital health among healthcare professionals.
文摘Objective:To explore the effect of applying the Plan-Do-Check-Act(PDCA)cycle combined with instrument mapping to manage surgical instruments in a hospital sterilization supply center.Methods:A total of 600 surgical instruments in a hospital’s surgical instrument sterilization and supply management center were sampled and grouped based on the introduction of the PDCA cycle combined with instrument mapping.The control group included 300 surgical instruments subject to routine sterilization management from November 2023 to January 2024.The observation group included 300 surgical instruments managed with the PDCA cycle combined with instrument mapping from February 2024 to April 2024.The quality of surgical instrument management,incidence of adverse events,and other indicators were compared between the two groups.Results:The observation group demonstrated significantly higher scores in management quality indices compared to the control group,with scores for disassembly and assembly(93.28±1.57 vs.87.41±1.48),cleaning(95.04±2.08 vs.90.23±2.12),disinfection and sterilization(95.33±1.27 vs.91.95±1.39),waste disposal(93.26±1.24 vs.89.65±1.18),packaging and traceability(94.35±1.74 vs.92.23±1.65),and issuance and recycling(95.79±1.72 vs.90.22±1.81)(all P<0.05).The observation group reported two adverse events(one incomplete instrument specification and one case of instrument package overweight)with an incidence rate of 0.67%.Conversely,the control group reported six adverse events(including shortages,incomplete specifications,unqualified sterilization,defective instruments,untimely or incorrect delivery,and overweight instrument packages)with an incidence rate of 3%,demonstrating statistically significant differences between groups(P<0.05).Conclusion:Applying the PDCA cycle combined with instrument mapping for surgical instrument management in hospital sterilization supply centers significantly improves management quality and reduces adverse events.Its application is recommended for wider adoption in hospital sterilization supply centers.
