In 2019, the State Council released the National Vocational Education Reform Implementation Plan, which puts forward the requirement of "implementing the annual report system of vocational education quality and m...In 2019, the State Council released the National Vocational Education Reform Implementation Plan, which puts forward the requirement of "implementing the annual report system of vocational education quality and making the report public to the society", which not only makes an institutional top-level arrangement design for the release of annual reports on the quality of higher vocational education in China, but also for the high-quality development of higher vocational education. A new requirement of standardization is proposed. Based on the exploration of Wuhan Electric Power Technical College (hereinafter referred to as WDY)'s preparation practice in recent years, this paper investigates and analyzes a number of issues affecting the quality of the quality annual report, proposes the path and method of optimizing the preparation of the quality annual report, and attempts to explore the practical significance of the quality annual report to promote the development of high quality vocational colleges from the perspective of the quality of the annual report to promote institutional development.展开更多
2023 marks the 70th anniversary of the Buddhist Association of China(BAC).Despite the ups and downs in its history,Chinese Buddhism has achieved remarkable accomplishments.Looking back on the journey,the Buddhist pion...2023 marks the 70th anniversary of the Buddhist Association of China(BAC).Despite the ups and downs in its history,Chinese Buddhism has achieved remarkable accomplishments.Looking back on the journey,the Buddhist pioneers have paved the way with arduous work,transmitting the Buddha’s teachings from afar and keeping them alive in the present.In the new era,to leverage the positive role of Buddhism in benefiting society and purifying people’s minds,institutional development and improvement remain a huge task.展开更多
The old-age insurance system is an inevitable outcome of the development of human civilization, and is also one of the projects with the largest number of groups involved in the social insurance system. It can provide...The old-age insurance system is an inevitable outcome of the development of human civilization, and is also one of the projects with the largest number of groups involved in the social insurance system. It can provide compensation to the elderly population who meet the statutory conditions of the state to ensure the basic living needs of the elderly. It is through the establishment and improvement of the old-age social insurance system, so that all citizens who have lost their ability to work due to their excessive age can meet the most basic survival guarantee, so as to ensure that they can enjoy the old-age life more stably. As the most populous country in the world, the old-age insurance system is particularly important in our country. At the same time, with the profound changes in the world environment and the increasing aging of the population in various regions, all sectors of society should correctly face the development and current situation of China's old-age insurance system. Only in this way can the old-age insurance system in line with China's actual social and economic development be constructed and continuously improved and optimized.展开更多
This paper evaluates the determinants of risk exposure when development finance institutions consider approval of funding to different development markets utilising multiple regression econometric models and the Devel...This paper evaluates the determinants of risk exposure when development finance institutions consider approval of funding to different development markets utilising multiple regression econometric models and the Development Bank of South Africa(DBSA)as a case study.The research presents the classical development finance institution(DFI)business model and market size estimation with the contemporary DFI risk classification and enterprise risk management framework.In addition to reviewing the profile of financial and non-financial products and services,the related project cycles and the DFI credit risk pricing and mitigation approaches for the different development markets.Our results suggest that there is a correlation between the funding of under-resourced municipalities by DBSA and its exposure to financial risk though the correlation is not overwhelmingly significant,but also evidence of a negative correlation between the funding of under-resourced municipalities and the minimization of the financial risk exposure of DBSA.Likewise,there is a negative correlation between funding to all three different sizes of a municipality and ability of the DFI to absorb future losses(non-performing loan coverage ratio).The negative correlation is highest for secondary cities followed by metros and least for under resourced municipalities.The research concludes with four major recommendations of what the role of the DFI should be in enhancing access of under-resourced municipalities to development funding.展开更多
The Institute for Agricultural Research,Samaru,has the national mandate for genetic improvement and development of production technologies for cotton,maize,sorghum,cowpea,groundnut,
There has been an increasing awareness in China＇s English language teaching profession that curriculum development should take account of the participants within the curriculum development process： the planners, the...There has been an increasing awareness in China＇s English language teaching profession that curriculum development should take account of the participants within the curriculum development process： the planners, the administrators, the institutions, the teachers, and the learners. This paper attempts to identify the underlying principles of the New English Curriculum in China （2001）, based on which the roles of the learner, teacher, and institution that underpin the development of the new English curriculum in a secondary school in South-west China are critieaUy examined.展开更多
Both being two developing countries with a vast territory, dense population, and centuries-old ancient civilization, China and India have many in common in natural resources, population size, historical condition, cur...Both being two developing countries with a vast territory, dense population, and centuries-old ancient civilization, China and India have many in common in natural resources, population size, historical condition, current economic issues, etc. except for regime. The competition between China and India is a typical one between economic institutions. This paper, by making a diachronic analysis on their courses of development, tries to justify the importance of adopting an economic institution suitable to the situation of a country.展开更多
These five recommendations cover the most critical aspects of infrastructure development:an attractive pipeline of projects,diversity of financial instruments and a conducive regulatory environment,the role of multila...These five recommendations cover the most critical aspects of infrastructure development:an attractive pipeline of projects,diversity of financial instruments and a conducive regulatory environment,the role of multilateral development institutions,as well as the management of project life-cycle pro-展开更多
The“burden reduction”policy aims to reduce the workload of primary and secondary school teachers to alleviate their burdens.While it has improved the quality of teachers,implementation challenges still exist.This st...The“burden reduction”policy aims to reduce the workload of primary and secondary school teachers to alleviate their burdens.While it has improved the quality of teachers,implementation challenges still exist.This study utilizes rational choice institutionalism and Ostrom’s institutional analysis and development framework to examine the policy.By considering the preferences of the Ministry of Education,local governments,schools,and teachers,it explores interactions and outcomes,identifies challenges,and provides policy suggestions.展开更多
This article offers an analytic explanation of the geographic, historical and environmental features as well as the strategic positions of CAS-affiliated border area institutes (BAIs). In addition, it puts forward sev...This article offers an analytic explanation of the geographic, historical and environmental features as well as the strategic positions of CAS-affiliated border area institutes (BAIs). In addition, it puts forward several suggestions in a bid to advance their reform and development.展开更多
Wajir County is an arid and semi-arid area with little and unreliable rainfall.The main livelihood of her people is livestock production through pastoralism,which enables pastoralists to exploit scarce resources by pr...Wajir County is an arid and semi-arid area with little and unreliable rainfall.The main livelihood of her people is livestock production through pastoralism,which enables pastoralists to exploit scarce resources by practicing herd mo-bility,alternating the wet season and dry season grazing areas with the support of the traditional institutions.However,development interventions in the last 40 years have disrupted these traditional systems of rangeland exploitation.The study assessed the effect of development intervention on pastures and rangeland management strategies.The study employed a mixed research de-sign method and utilized both qualitative and quantitative techniques.Super vised Classification was also utilized to determine land use/cover change from 1986 to 2022.Quantitative data was analyzed using SPPS version 25.The land use analysis grouped the land uses into four common ones in arid and semi-arid areas.The analysis had a Kappa accuracy of 77%and a user accuracy of 84%.Bare land and shrubland have increased from 101,903 and 104,780 hec tares in 1986 to 112,137 and 121,817 hectares in 2022,respectively.The land under herbaceous and grassland vegetation shrubs has decreased from 110,180 and 158,088 hectares in 1986 to 89,924 and 151,008 hectares in 2022,respec-tively.Herbaceous Vegetation had the highest reduction in size at-18.38%,while Shrub land increased significantly at 16.26%.A kernel density assessment on the settlement distances and associated developments indicated that highdensity settlements and a reduced distance between settlements resulted in high land degradation and land cover change.Correlation analysis revealed that boreholes and dams are strongly associated with the expansion of shrub-land(r=0.85,p<0.01)and bare land(r=0.78,p<0.01),while negatively affecting grassland(r=-0.80,p<0.01),herbaceous vegetation(r=-0.88,p<0.01),and herd mobility(r=-0.90,p<0.01).Settlement expansion signifi cantly reduces pasture areas,with strong negative correlations to grassland(r=-0.85,p<0.01)and herbaceous vegetation(r=-0.90,p<0.01),while live-stock pressure shows the strongest link to overgrazing(r=0.95,p<0.01).These findings highlight that development interventions and increased stock ing rates are key drivers of land degradation and transformations in indigenous rangeland systems.Therefore,there is a need to revitalize traditional rangeland management institutions and integrate all development interventions with in-digenous knowledge-based strategies to sustain pastoralist livelihoods.展开更多
At its third plenary session in July 2024,the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China(CPC)declared that we must continue to advance reform through opening up.It called for leveraging the strengths of Ch...At its third plenary session in July 2024,the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China(CPC)declared that we must continue to advance reform through opening up.It called for leveraging the strengths of China's enormous market to enhance our capacity for opening up while expanding international cooperation and for developing new institutions for a higher-standard open economy.展开更多
A process of ＂Methanol or Dimethylether to Olefins＂ developed by Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics （DICP）, designated as the DMTO process, has attained great success in industrial scaling up testing. DICP, by c...A process of ＂Methanol or Dimethylether to Olefins＂ developed by Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics （DICP）, designated as the DMTO process, has attained great success in industrial scaling up testing. DICP, by collaborating with the Xinxing Coal Chemical Co., Ltd. of Shaanxi Province and the Luoyang Petrochemical Engineering Co. of the SINOPEC Group, operated successfully a 50t（methanol）/d unit for the conversion of methanol to lower olefins, with a methanol conversion of close to 100%, and a selectivity to lower olefins（ethylene, propylene and butylenes） of higher than 90%. On 23rd August, the industrial test project has passed a state appraisal. The experts of the Appraisal Group, headed by Prof. YUAN Qingtang, academician of Chinese Academy of Engineering, drew the conclusions that the DMTO process, by utilizing a proprietary SAPO-34 catalyst system and a recycling fluidized bed reaction system for the production of lower olefins from methanol, is the first unit in the world having a capacity of producing nearly ten thousand tons lower olefins per year. The technological level of the industrial test is at a leading position internationally. This accomplishment will provide a sound base for the subsequent commercialization of the DMTO process.展开更多
China＇s evolutionary reform brought China economy enormous progress, which also subsided the poverty phenomenon. But the present anti-poverty task is still very arduous for China today. Peasant household＇s microfina...China＇s evolutionary reform brought China economy enormous progress, which also subsided the poverty phenomenon. But the present anti-poverty task is still very arduous for China today. Peasant household＇s microfinance is a kind of important tool which contributes to the poverty alleviation. The sustainable development of microfinance has become a serous problem at present. This text analyses the sustainable development of microfinance through setting up the income model of microfinance, then puts forward the way to solve.展开更多
The waste referred to includes solid waste and sludge. Solid waste is mainly from urban garbage and industrial waste. Sludge is from water treatment factories, paper mills, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories...The waste referred to includes solid waste and sludge. Solid waste is mainly from urban garbage and industrial waste. Sludge is from water treatment factories, paper mills, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories, rivers and lakes. The waste and sludge are very harmful to water organisms, human health and drinking water, and directly affect the environment. Sludge and waste also occupy large areas of land. There are several methods to treat waste and sludge, such as burial, chemical treatment and incineration. Incineration is more effective than the展开更多
The NC310 type catalyst for methanol synthesis developedby the SINOPEC Research Institute of NanjingChemical Company has passed the appraisal of researchachievements organized by the Science and TechnologyDivision of ...The NC310 type catalyst for methanol synthesis developedby the SINOPEC Research Institute of NanjingChemical Company has passed the appraisal of researchachievements organized by the Science and TechnologyDivision of the Sinopec Corp. The group of specialistsattending the appraisal meeting has recognized that thiscatalyst has reached the internationally advanced level interms of its overall catalytic performance.展开更多
The motto of Tongji University, whose name literally means ＂we are all in the same boat, and must work together to reach common goals＂, describes the harvest of ISEE leaders＇ mission to China in May 2007. ISEE Pres...The motto of Tongji University, whose name literally means ＂we are all in the same boat, and must work together to reach common goals＂, describes the harvest of ISEE leaders＇ mission to China in May 2007. ISEE President Joan Martinez-Alier, President-Elect Peter May and the society＇s founder and first President, Robert Costanza as well as ISEE member Robert Ayres, participated in a series of events and meetings in Shanghai and Beijing with a view to build institutional collaboration.展开更多
State-level economic and technological development zones (ETDZs) are products of China’sreform and opening-up policies and a new engine of growth for the Chinese economy. Theyhave made tremendous contributions to the...State-level economic and technological development zones (ETDZs) are products of China’sreform and opening-up policies and a new engine of growth for the Chinese economy. Theyhave made tremendous contributions to the development of the Chinese economy. However,some problems have emerged in the course of this progress and new challenges are stilllying ahead. Sustainable development is possible only when the strategy and objectives ofdevelopment are adjusted, when the integrated investment environment is optimized, whenindustries are upgraded, when technical innovations are made, when independent innovationcapabilities are lifted, when the mode of economic growth is changed, and when innovationsare made in government management.展开更多
文摘In 2019, the State Council released the National Vocational Education Reform Implementation Plan, which puts forward the requirement of "implementing the annual report system of vocational education quality and making the report public to the society", which not only makes an institutional top-level arrangement design for the release of annual reports on the quality of higher vocational education in China, but also for the high-quality development of higher vocational education. A new requirement of standardization is proposed. Based on the exploration of Wuhan Electric Power Technical College (hereinafter referred to as WDY)'s preparation practice in recent years, this paper investigates and analyzes a number of issues affecting the quality of the quality annual report, proposes the path and method of optimizing the preparation of the quality annual report, and attempts to explore the practical significance of the quality annual report to promote the development of high quality vocational colleges from the perspective of the quality of the annual report to promote institutional development.
文摘2023 marks the 70th anniversary of the Buddhist Association of China(BAC).Despite the ups and downs in its history,Chinese Buddhism has achieved remarkable accomplishments.Looking back on the journey,the Buddhist pioneers have paved the way with arduous work,transmitting the Buddha’s teachings from afar and keeping them alive in the present.In the new era,to leverage the positive role of Buddhism in benefiting society and purifying people’s minds,institutional development and improvement remain a huge task.
文摘The old-age insurance system is an inevitable outcome of the development of human civilization, and is also one of the projects with the largest number of groups involved in the social insurance system. It can provide compensation to the elderly population who meet the statutory conditions of the state to ensure the basic living needs of the elderly. It is through the establishment and improvement of the old-age social insurance system, so that all citizens who have lost their ability to work due to their excessive age can meet the most basic survival guarantee, so as to ensure that they can enjoy the old-age life more stably. As the most populous country in the world, the old-age insurance system is particularly important in our country. At the same time, with the profound changes in the world environment and the increasing aging of the population in various regions, all sectors of society should correctly face the development and current situation of China's old-age insurance system. Only in this way can the old-age insurance system in line with China's actual social and economic development be constructed and continuously improved and optimized.
文摘This paper evaluates the determinants of risk exposure when development finance institutions consider approval of funding to different development markets utilising multiple regression econometric models and the Development Bank of South Africa(DBSA)as a case study.The research presents the classical development finance institution(DFI)business model and market size estimation with the contemporary DFI risk classification and enterprise risk management framework.In addition to reviewing the profile of financial and non-financial products and services,the related project cycles and the DFI credit risk pricing and mitigation approaches for the different development markets.Our results suggest that there is a correlation between the funding of under-resourced municipalities by DBSA and its exposure to financial risk though the correlation is not overwhelmingly significant,but also evidence of a negative correlation between the funding of under-resourced municipalities and the minimization of the financial risk exposure of DBSA.Likewise,there is a negative correlation between funding to all three different sizes of a municipality and ability of the DFI to absorb future losses(non-performing loan coverage ratio).The negative correlation is highest for secondary cities followed by metros and least for under resourced municipalities.The research concludes with four major recommendations of what the role of the DFI should be in enhancing access of under-resourced municipalities to development funding.
文摘The Institute for Agricultural Research,Samaru,has the national mandate for genetic improvement and development of production technologies for cotton,maize,sorghum,cowpea,groundnut,
文摘There has been an increasing awareness in China＇s English language teaching profession that curriculum development should take account of the participants within the curriculum development process： the planners, the administrators, the institutions, the teachers, and the learners. This paper attempts to identify the underlying principles of the New English Curriculum in China （2001）, based on which the roles of the learner, teacher, and institution that underpin the development of the new English curriculum in a secondary school in South-west China are critieaUy examined.
文摘Both being two developing countries with a vast territory, dense population, and centuries-old ancient civilization, China and India have many in common in natural resources, population size, historical condition, current economic issues, etc. except for regime. The competition between China and India is a typical one between economic institutions. This paper, by making a diachronic analysis on their courses of development, tries to justify the importance of adopting an economic institution suitable to the situation of a country.
文摘These five recommendations cover the most critical aspects of infrastructure development:an attractive pipeline of projects,diversity of financial instruments and a conducive regulatory environment,the role of multilateral development institutions,as well as the management of project life-cycle pro-
文摘The“burden reduction”policy aims to reduce the workload of primary and secondary school teachers to alleviate their burdens.While it has improved the quality of teachers,implementation challenges still exist.This study utilizes rational choice institutionalism and Ostrom’s institutional analysis and development framework to examine the policy.By considering the preferences of the Ministry of Education,local governments,schools,and teachers,it explores interactions and outcomes,identifies challenges,and provides policy suggestions.
文摘This article offers an analytic explanation of the geographic, historical and environmental features as well as the strategic positions of CAS-affiliated border area institutes (BAIs). In addition, it puts forward several suggestions in a bid to advance their reform and development.
文摘Wajir County is an arid and semi-arid area with little and unreliable rainfall.The main livelihood of her people is livestock production through pastoralism,which enables pastoralists to exploit scarce resources by practicing herd mo-bility,alternating the wet season and dry season grazing areas with the support of the traditional institutions.However,development interventions in the last 40 years have disrupted these traditional systems of rangeland exploitation.The study assessed the effect of development intervention on pastures and rangeland management strategies.The study employed a mixed research de-sign method and utilized both qualitative and quantitative techniques.Super vised Classification was also utilized to determine land use/cover change from 1986 to 2022.Quantitative data was analyzed using SPPS version 25.The land use analysis grouped the land uses into four common ones in arid and semi-arid areas.The analysis had a Kappa accuracy of 77%and a user accuracy of 84%.Bare land and shrubland have increased from 101,903 and 104,780 hec tares in 1986 to 112,137 and 121,817 hectares in 2022,respectively.The land under herbaceous and grassland vegetation shrubs has decreased from 110,180 and 158,088 hectares in 1986 to 89,924 and 151,008 hectares in 2022,respec-tively.Herbaceous Vegetation had the highest reduction in size at-18.38%,while Shrub land increased significantly at 16.26%.A kernel density assessment on the settlement distances and associated developments indicated that highdensity settlements and a reduced distance between settlements resulted in high land degradation and land cover change.Correlation analysis revealed that boreholes and dams are strongly associated with the expansion of shrub-land(r=0.85,p<0.01)and bare land(r=0.78,p<0.01),while negatively affecting grassland(r=-0.80,p<0.01),herbaceous vegetation(r=-0.88,p<0.01),and herd mobility(r=-0.90,p<0.01).Settlement expansion signifi cantly reduces pasture areas,with strong negative correlations to grassland(r=-0.85,p<0.01)and herbaceous vegetation(r=-0.90,p<0.01),while live-stock pressure shows the strongest link to overgrazing(r=0.95,p<0.01).These findings highlight that development interventions and increased stock ing rates are key drivers of land degradation and transformations in indigenous rangeland systems.Therefore,there is a need to revitalize traditional rangeland management institutions and integrate all development interventions with in-digenous knowledge-based strategies to sustain pastoralist livelihoods.
文摘At its third plenary session in July 2024,the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China(CPC)declared that we must continue to advance reform through opening up.It called for leveraging the strengths of China's enormous market to enhance our capacity for opening up while expanding international cooperation and for developing new institutions for a higher-standard open economy.
文摘A process of ＂Methanol or Dimethylether to Olefins＂ developed by Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics （DICP）, designated as the DMTO process, has attained great success in industrial scaling up testing. DICP, by collaborating with the Xinxing Coal Chemical Co., Ltd. of Shaanxi Province and the Luoyang Petrochemical Engineering Co. of the SINOPEC Group, operated successfully a 50t（methanol）/d unit for the conversion of methanol to lower olefins, with a methanol conversion of close to 100%, and a selectivity to lower olefins（ethylene, propylene and butylenes） of higher than 90%. On 23rd August, the industrial test project has passed a state appraisal. The experts of the Appraisal Group, headed by Prof. YUAN Qingtang, academician of Chinese Academy of Engineering, drew the conclusions that the DMTO process, by utilizing a proprietary SAPO-34 catalyst system and a recycling fluidized bed reaction system for the production of lower olefins from methanol, is the first unit in the world having a capacity of producing nearly ten thousand tons lower olefins per year. The technological level of the industrial test is at a leading position internationally. This accomplishment will provide a sound base for the subsequent commercialization of the DMTO process.
文摘China＇s evolutionary reform brought China economy enormous progress, which also subsided the poverty phenomenon. But the present anti-poverty task is still very arduous for China today. Peasant household＇s microfinance is a kind of important tool which contributes to the poverty alleviation. The sustainable development of microfinance has become a serous problem at present. This text analyses the sustainable development of microfinance through setting up the income model of microfinance, then puts forward the way to solve.
文摘The waste referred to includes solid waste and sludge. Solid waste is mainly from urban garbage and industrial waste. Sludge is from water treatment factories, paper mills, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories, rivers and lakes. The waste and sludge are very harmful to water organisms, human health and drinking water, and directly affect the environment. Sludge and waste also occupy large areas of land. There are several methods to treat waste and sludge, such as burial, chemical treatment and incineration. Incineration is more effective than the
文摘The NC310 type catalyst for methanol synthesis developedby the SINOPEC Research Institute of NanjingChemical Company has passed the appraisal of researchachievements organized by the Science and TechnologyDivision of the Sinopec Corp. The group of specialistsattending the appraisal meeting has recognized that thiscatalyst has reached the internationally advanced level interms of its overall catalytic performance.
文摘The motto of Tongji University, whose name literally means ＂we are all in the same boat, and must work together to reach common goals＂, describes the harvest of ISEE leaders＇ mission to China in May 2007. ISEE President Joan Martinez-Alier, President-Elect Peter May and the society＇s founder and first President, Robert Costanza as well as ISEE member Robert Ayres, participated in a series of events and meetings in Shanghai and Beijing with a view to build institutional collaboration.
文摘State-level economic and technological development zones (ETDZs) are products of China’sreform and opening-up policies and a new engine of growth for the Chinese economy. Theyhave made tremendous contributions to the development of the Chinese economy. However,some problems have emerged in the course of this progress and new challenges are stilllying ahead. Sustainable development is possible only when the strategy and objectives ofdevelopment are adjusted, when the integrated investment environment is optimized, whenindustries are upgraded, when technical innovations are made, when independent innovationcapabilities are lifted, when the mode of economic growth is changed, and when innovationsare made in government management.
