Single-atom nanozymes(SAzymes)exhibit exceptional catalytic efficiency due to their maximized atom utilization and precisely modulated metalcarrier interactions,which have attracted significant attention in the biomed...Single-atom nanozymes(SAzymes)exhibit exceptional catalytic efficiency due to their maximized atom utilization and precisely modulated metalcarrier interactions,which have attracted significant attention in the biomedical field.However,stability issues may impede the clinical translation of SAzymes.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the applications of SAzymes in various biomedical fields,including disease diagnosis(e.g.,biosensors and diagnostic imaging),antitumor therapy(e.g.,photothermal therapy,photodynamic therapy,sonodynamic therapy,and immunotherapy),antimicrobial therapy,and anti-oxidative stress therapy.More importantly,the existing challenges of SAzymes are discussed,such as metal atom clustering and active site loss,ligand bond breakage at high temperature,insufficient environment tolerance,biosecurity risks,and limited catalytic long-term stability.Finally,several innovative strategies to address these stability concerns are proposed—synthesis process optimization(space-limited strategy,coordination site design,bimetallic synergistic strategy,defect engineering strategy,atom stripping-capture),surface modification,and dynamic responsive design—that collectively pave the way for robust,clinically viable SAzymes.展开更多
In the context of energy structure transformation,digital and intelligent technologies have been introduced into the field of hydropower,which has accelerated the technological and equipment innovation of hydropower p...In the context of energy structure transformation,digital and intelligent technologies have been introduced into the field of hydropower,which has accelerated the technological and equipment innovation of hydropower plants.However,it has also brought severe challenges to the operation and maintenance of hydropower plants.Traditional hydropower plant operation and maintenance suffer from problems such as low efficiency,equipment aging,and high labor costs,which seriously hinder the innovation and upgrading of hydropower plant operation and maintenance.Therefore,this article focuses on the operation and maintenance of hydropower plants,summarizes a series of innovative strategies,and applies them in practice to effectively improve the operation and maintenance level of hydropower plants.展开更多
Display devices have significantly changed our daily life for decades,from the watches,television,to the laptop and smartphone.As the desire of advanced display device with high-resolution,long operation life and ligh...Display devices have significantly changed our daily life for decades,from the watches,television,to the laptop and smartphone.As the desire of advanced display device with high-resolution,long operation life and lightweight properties,several display techniques have been demonstrated.There are mainly four types of electronic display device:cathode ray tube(CRT),liquid-crystal display(LCD),organic light-emitting diode(OLED),and micro-LED.Due to the different working principles and device structures,each type of display device has its special characteristic properties.The performance of devices could be adjusted through the material selection or device design.With careful device structure regulation,not only the efficiency but also the stability would be improved.Herein,a brief review of innovative strategies towards the structure design is presented.展开更多
Background: Globally, UNAIDS report 2022 shows, there are 84.2 million people affected by HIV/AIDS and 40.1 million deaths from AIDS since the start of epidemic. In sub-Saharan Africa, women and girls accounted for 63...Background: Globally, UNAIDS report 2022 shows, there are 84.2 million people affected by HIV/AIDS and 40.1 million deaths from AIDS since the start of epidemic. In sub-Saharan Africa, women and girls accounted for 63% of all new HIV infections in 2021 with, six in seven new HIV infections among adolescents aged 15 - 19 years being girls. Key populations accounted for 70% of HIV infections globally in 2021, with 51% of these new HIV infections in sub-Saharan Africa. Reflecting on the 4 decades’ journey of HIV epidemic amidst local, national and international efforts, the UN target of ending AIDS as a public health threat by 2030 remains questionable unless new innovative ways are used. This study aimed at analyzing existing HIV/AIDS interventions, discuss UN interventions in line with ending HIV/AIDS by 2030 then, suggest and discuss new innovative ways of ending HIV scourge by 2030. Methods: Systematic literature review methodology was used to extract existing published information on HIV prevention strategies from 1981 to 2023. The articles were previewed by 2 experts for quality and grouped by intervention. Of the 637 articles accessed, on HIV prevention/control only 45 met the inclusion criteria. Data were synthesized using a narrative synthesis approach following standard guidelines on synthesis without meta-analysis. Descriptive analysis was done, strength and limitations were identified. UNAIDS recommendations for ending HIV/AIDS by 2030 identified and analyzed. New Innovations in HIV/AIDS were presented and discussed. The scope of the reviewed literature was limited to HIV preventive strategies practiced between 1981 and 2023. Results: Findings show that, Uganda’s HIV prevalence was at a peak in 1991 of 15% (30% among pregnant women in urban areas). ABC strategy is claimed to have turned sharply downward the prevalence through the mid-1990s and reached 5% (14% for pregnant urban women) by 2001. Analysis of the strategy showed that the achievements of the strategy could not be sustained, subsequently HIV prevalence rose again. This is because none of the ABC components can independently reduce HIV problem. In the real world, 100% abstinence has failed, condom use only reduces infection by 90% (WHO), and lifelong monogamy is impractical. Such limitations weaken ABC strategy. The study established that Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) i.e. taking HIV medicines within 72 hours (3 days) after a possible exposure to HIV infection is a safe, effective and a globally practiced HIV preventive intervention in emergency situations of HIV exposure. However, PEP is limited to care sought within 72 hours after exposure and yet timely access especially in rural areas and for key populations remains a big challenge. Oral PrEP was also identified as effective HIV preventive measure that can reduce HIV risk from sex by about 99% and from injection drug users by 74%. However, like PEP, timely access especially in rural areas and for key populations remains a big challenge. The UNAIDS 95-95-95 strategy (i.e. 95% of people know their HIV status, 95% with +HIV status be on sustained ART and 95% on ART get viral load suppression) formed the basis for setting the target of ending HIV/AIDS epidemic by 2030. However, our analysis shows that this target is unrealistic given the above highlighted limitations/ barriers in preventive measures and the unlikely perfect adherence (100%) to ART by all enrolled HIV positive persons. Conclusion: Ending HIV/AIDS by 2030 cannot be achieved by implementing the current preventing strategies and control measures. This study established that most of the existing HIV preventive strategies and control measures have a number of limitations. However, with sustained UN 95-95-95 strategy supplemented with additional innovative ways, there is hope that the UN dream of ending HIV/AIDS though not necessarily by 2030, can in the long run be achieved.展开更多
This study conducted an in-depth analysis of the current tax preferential policies for small-scale individual businesses and compared them with similar policies both domestically and internationally,aiming to reveal t...This study conducted an in-depth analysis of the current tax preferential policies for small-scale individual businesses and compared them with similar policies both domestically and internationally,aiming to reveal the advantages and disadvantages of the current system.After examining the impact of these tax preferential policies on the economic status of individual business owners and the broader social economy,this article proposes a set of innovative tax preferential strategies based on theoretical foundations.By developing these innovative strategies and clarifying their implementation paths,the aim is to promote the sustainable and healthy development of small-scale individual businesses,thereby fostering comprehensive socio-economic progress.The conclusion of this study not only summarizes policy recommendations with practical significance but also provides theoretical support for the optimization and innovation of future related systems.展开更多
With the in-depth development of economic globalization and the continuous emergence of new technologies,the importance of enterprise financial investment management strategy is becoming more and more prominent.The tr...With the in-depth development of economic globalization and the continuous emergence of new technologies,the importance of enterprise financial investment management strategy is becoming more and more prominent.The traditional financial investment management strategy can no longer meet the needs of enterprises in the new era and needs to be innovated with the times.For enterprises,the effectiveness and scientificity of financial investment management strategy will directly affect the competitiveness and long-term development of enterprises.Therefore,this study chooses the innovation based on the financial investment management strategy of enterprises in the new era as the research theme,aiming at exploring the innovative strategy to adapt to the needs of enterprises in the new era.展开更多
Plants can be infected by diverse pathogens,which can cause severe diseases and reduce crop productivity.Receptors located on the plant cell surface allow plants to detect external cues.In the presence of pathogens,pl...Plants can be infected by diverse pathogens,which can cause severe diseases and reduce crop productivity.Receptors located on the plant cell surface allow plants to detect external cues.In the presence of pathogens,plants recognize distinctive molecu-lar signatures known as pathogen-associated molecular patterns(PAMPs)through pattern-recognition receptors(PRRs),thereby activating PAMP-triggered immunity(PTI)(Boller and Felix,2009).展开更多
Electrochemical water splitting is regarded as the most auspicious technology for renewable sources,transport,and storage of hydrogen energy.Currently,noble Pt metal and noble-metal oxides(IrO_(2)and RuO_(2))are recog...Electrochemical water splitting is regarded as the most auspicious technology for renewable sources,transport,and storage of hydrogen energy.Currently,noble Pt metal and noble-metal oxides(IrO_(2)and RuO_(2))are recognized as state-of-the-art electrocatalysts for both the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER),respectively.Searching for earth-abundant electrocatalysts for the HER and OER with remarkable performance and high stability to replace precious metals plays a significant role in the commercial application of electrochemical water splitting.In this review,recent advancements in nanostructured transition metal electrocatalysts are assessed through the selected examples of nitrides,carbides,phosphides,sulfides,borides,layered double hydroxides,and oxides.Recent breakthroughs in nanostructured transition metal electrocatalysts are discussed in terms of their mechanisms,controllable production,structural design,and innovative strategies for boosting their performance.For instance,most nanostructured transition metal electrocatalysts for overall water splitting(OWS)only function well in neutral and alkaline solutions.Finally,current research challenges and future perspectives for increasing the performance of nanostructured transition metals for OWS are proposed.展开更多
Shandong Port Group(SPG),which was established in August 2019,regards standardization as the cornerstone of modern enterprise management,and vigorously implements the standardization innovation strategy.Its standardiz...Shandong Port Group(SPG),which was established in August 2019,regards standardization as the cornerstone of modern enterprise management,and vigorously implements the standardization innovation strategy.Its standardization work mainly focuses on the following four aspects.展开更多
Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the third most common malignancy worldwide and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths,accounting for approximately 10%of all cancer cases.By 2050,CRC incidence is expected to rise s...Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the third most common malignancy worldwide and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths,accounting for approximately 10%of all cancer cases.By 2050,CRC incidence is expected to rise substantially,driven by population aging and greater exposure to risk factors in developing countries.Despite advances in medicine and pharmacy,the effectiveness of available treatments remains limited,underscoring the urgent need for innovative therapeutic strategies.This review summarizes and critically evaluates currently available CRC therapies and explores new emerging directions.Particular attention is given to the role of immunotherapy,targeted therapies,nanotechnology-based approaches,metal-based compounds,PROTAC technology,and personalized medicine,with emphasis on their efficacy,safety,accessibility,and mechanisms of drug resistance.In conclusion,surgery and chemotherapy remain the backbone of CRC treatment,but novel therapeutic approaches are reshaping the treatment landscape.Emerging strategies may offer improved patient tolerability and survival outcomes by reducing the occurrence of burdensome adverse effects.Persistent challenges such as drug toxicity,the emergence of resistance mechanisms,and inequalities in access to innovative therapies underscore the need for further translational research.Integrating personalized therapeutic approaches will also be crucial to achieving more effective,safer,and accessible treatment strategies for CRC.展开更多
Technological innovations significantly influence individual firms and other innova-tions,such as financial innovations.The future of a firm depends on its innovation investment strategy.According to the literature,in...Technological innovations significantly influence individual firms and other innova-tions,such as financial innovations.The future of a firm depends on its innovation investment strategy.According to the literature,innovation investments are affected by ambiguity.This study examines how ambiguity affects the innovation strategies of managers.We show that the innovation strategies of ambiguity-averse managers differ from those of ambiguity-neutral managers.Unlike ambiguity-neutral managers,ambiguity-averse managers consider a broader variety of innovation strategies for a wider range of future innovation arrival times.Regarding the profitability of a future innovation,ambiguity-averse managers delay the investment decision until the profit-ability of the innovation is less ambiguous.Moreover,we examine innovation strategies under various conditions,including the risk of innovation outdatedness,management disputes,and the varying volatility of innovations.展开更多
In the process of China's new rural construction, government agencies have launched a series of relevant policies to support the development of agriculture and promote the development of agricultural economy. In o...In the process of China's new rural construction, government agencies have launched a series of relevant policies to support the development of agriculture and promote the development of agricultural economy. In order to ensure the sustainable development of agricultural economy, we must first strengthen the management of agricultural economy and implement an innovative agricultural economic management system. Based on the current situation of agricultural economic development, this paper puts forward relevant strategies of agricultural economic management innovation under the background of new rural construction, aiming at improving the level of rural economic management innovation.展开更多
At present,most schools adopt the principal management system.In the International Campus,the principal's leadership has a great impact on the quality of school operation.Headmasters must combine the actual situat...At present,most schools adopt the principal management system.In the International Campus,the principal's leadership has a great impact on the quality of school operation.Headmasters must combine the actual situation and use of international schools,and lead in an innovative way to better promote the development of international schools.Therefore,this paper analyzes the current situation and importance of principal leadership and leadership art in international school management,and discusses the innovative application strategies of principal leadership art and leadership in international school management.展开更多
English translation teaching must also evolve against the backdrop of rapid advancement in AI.There are many problems and limitations in the traditional English translation teaching model,such as students’over-relian...English translation teaching must also evolve against the backdrop of rapid advancement in AI.There are many problems and limitations in the traditional English translation teaching model,such as students’over-reliance on translation software,teachers’insufficient understanding of intelligent technology and insufficient integration of teaching and intelligent technology,which cannot meet the diversified learning needs of students.This paper tries to explore Innovative strategies for Artificial Intelligence(AI)based English translation teaching,including enhancing students’understanding and application of translation software,optimizing teachers’thinking on the application of AI technology,expanding ways to integrate translation courses with AI technology and increasing attention to AI in the course evaluation process.It aims at promoting AI-based English translation teaching and cultivating qualified English translators who meet the needs of the times.展开更多
Aging and regeneration represent complex biological phenomena that have long captivated the scientific community.To fully comprehend these processes,it is essential to investigate molecular dynamics through a lens tha...Aging and regeneration represent complex biological phenomena that have long captivated the scientific community.To fully comprehend these processes,it is essential to investigate molecular dynamics through a lens that encompasses both spatial and temporal dimensions.Conventional omics methodologies,such as genomics and transcriptomics,have been instrumental in identifying critical molecular facets of aging and regeneration.However,these methods are somewhat limited,constrained by their spatial resolution and their lack of capacity to dynamically represent tissue alterations.The advent of emerging spatiotemporal multi-omics approaches,encompassing transcriptomics,proteomics,metabolomics,and epigenomics,furnishes comprehensive insights into these intricate molecular dynamics.These sophisticated techniques facilitate accurate delineation of molecular patterns across an array of cells,tissues,and organs,thereby offering an in-depth understanding of the fundamental mechanisms at play.This review meticulously examines the significance of spatiotemporal multi-omics in the realms of aging and regeneration research.It underscores how these methodologies augment our comprehension of molecular dynamics,cellular interactions,and signaling pathways.Initially,the review delineates the foundational principles underpinning these methods,followed by an evaluation of their recent applications within the field.The review ultimately concludes by addressing the prevailing challenges and projecting future advancements in the field.Indubitably,spatiotemporal multi-omics are instrumental in deciphering the complexities inherent in aging and regeneration,thus charting a course toward potential therapeutic innovations.展开更多
Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)refers to a longterm and nonspecific disorder that affects the intestines.Despite the availability of various therapeutic means,including antiinflammatory drugs,immunosuppressants,and bi...Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)refers to a longterm and nonspecific disorder that affects the intestines.Despite the availability of various therapeutic means,including antiinflammatory drugs,immunosuppressants,and biologics,their therapeutic efficacy remains suboptimal,accompanied by significant adverse effects.Natural products have garnered attention as a promising area of research due to their distinctive pharmacological activities and favorable safety profiles.However,the applications of some natural products are constrained by inherent limitations,such as poor solubility and bioavailability.To address the shortcomings of natural productsdrugs,novel drug delivery systems(DDSs)such as micro/nano,hydrogel,and probiotics have been developed to facilitate the delivery of natural products for the treatment of IBD.Additionally,novel natural products can be directly engineered into DDSs to target IBD lesion sites.Natural products-integrated DDSs can enhance therapeutic specificity,extend the duration of therapeutic action,and minimize side effects.This review elucidates those natural products and their associated DDSs,such as micro/nano systems,hydrogels,and probiotics,provide efficacious treatment for IBD by means of reducing oxidative stress,repairing the intestinal barrier,modulating intestinal microbiota,and alleviating intestinal inflammation.展开更多
This article first comprehensively analyzes the current development status of creative agriculture in Qinhuangdao City,pointing out that it has unique advantages in terms of resource endowments and cultural heritage.A...This article first comprehensively analyzes the current development status of creative agriculture in Qinhuangdao City,pointing out that it has unique advantages in terms of resource endowments and cultural heritage.Although it has achieved certain results in recent years,it still faces challenges such as low brand awareness,single marketing channels,and insufficient innovation in retail models.In terms of marketing strategy innovation,this article proposes innovative ideas such as digital marketing,cultural IP marketing,and experiential marketing.Regarding retail model innovation,this article explores models such as online and offline integration,community group buying,and live streaming sales.This article presents an outlook for the future development of creative agriculture in Qinhuangdao City based on the research findings.It is believed that with technological advancements and consumption upgrades,creative agriculture has broad prospects.展开更多
Coccidiosis,an intestinal disease caused by Eimeria protozoan parasites,affects various animal species,and espe-cially poses a significant threat to the poultry industry.The current primary control methods include ant...Coccidiosis,an intestinal disease caused by Eimeria protozoan parasites,affects various animal species,and espe-cially poses a significant threat to the poultry industry.The current primary control methods include anticoccidial drugs and vaccines.However,emerging challenges such as drug resistance and vaccine efficacy issues are rooted in the complex life cycle and species diversification of Eimeria.In this review,we first consolidate recent breakthroughs in understanding Eimeria biology,focusing on the parasite development and its intricate interactions with the host,notably its relationships with host immune cells and the gut microbiota.Furthermore,we provide an extensive sum-mary of current control strategies for Eimeria infections.This includes an in-depth analysis of anticoccidial drugs,their mechanisms of resistance,and the increasing utilization of diverse anticoccidial vaccines to combat these challenges.Finally,we highlight the latest innovative strategies leading the way in coccidiosis control.Through an exploration of cutting-edge techniques,we also provide insights into future directions for effectively combating this disease.In conclusion,the future of coccidiosis control lies in the use of a multifaceted approach,integrating advanced bio-logical insights with innovative therapeutic strategies.This review not only serves to enhance our understanding of Eimeria biology but also provides a valuable resource for researchers involved in developing and implementing strategies to manage and control coccidiosis,ensuring the health and productivity of poultry worldwide.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[82003956]the National Key Research and Development Program of China[No.2022YFA1205802]+2 种基金financially supported by Henan Province Health Science and Technology Innovation Youth Talent Project(YQRC2023013 and YQRC2024013)the Key Project of Medical Science and Technology of Henan Province(SBGJ202302072)the Science and Technology Research Project of Henan Province(252102311236).
文摘Single-atom nanozymes(SAzymes)exhibit exceptional catalytic efficiency due to their maximized atom utilization and precisely modulated metalcarrier interactions,which have attracted significant attention in the biomedical field.However,stability issues may impede the clinical translation of SAzymes.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the applications of SAzymes in various biomedical fields,including disease diagnosis(e.g.,biosensors and diagnostic imaging),antitumor therapy(e.g.,photothermal therapy,photodynamic therapy,sonodynamic therapy,and immunotherapy),antimicrobial therapy,and anti-oxidative stress therapy.More importantly,the existing challenges of SAzymes are discussed,such as metal atom clustering and active site loss,ligand bond breakage at high temperature,insufficient environment tolerance,biosecurity risks,and limited catalytic long-term stability.Finally,several innovative strategies to address these stability concerns are proposed—synthesis process optimization(space-limited strategy,coordination site design,bimetallic synergistic strategy,defect engineering strategy,atom stripping-capture),surface modification,and dynamic responsive design—that collectively pave the way for robust,clinically viable SAzymes.
文摘In the context of energy structure transformation,digital and intelligent technologies have been introduced into the field of hydropower,which has accelerated the technological and equipment innovation of hydropower plants.However,it has also brought severe challenges to the operation and maintenance of hydropower plants.Traditional hydropower plant operation and maintenance suffer from problems such as low efficiency,equipment aging,and high labor costs,which seriously hinder the innovation and upgrading of hydropower plant operation and maintenance.Therefore,this article focuses on the operation and maintenance of hydropower plants,summarizes a series of innovative strategies,and applies them in practice to effectively improve the operation and maintenance level of hydropower plants.
基金Projects(71572028,71872027)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China。
文摘Display devices have significantly changed our daily life for decades,from the watches,television,to the laptop and smartphone.As the desire of advanced display device with high-resolution,long operation life and lightweight properties,several display techniques have been demonstrated.There are mainly four types of electronic display device:cathode ray tube(CRT),liquid-crystal display(LCD),organic light-emitting diode(OLED),and micro-LED.Due to the different working principles and device structures,each type of display device has its special characteristic properties.The performance of devices could be adjusted through the material selection or device design.With careful device structure regulation,not only the efficiency but also the stability would be improved.Herein,a brief review of innovative strategies towards the structure design is presented.
文摘Background: Globally, UNAIDS report 2022 shows, there are 84.2 million people affected by HIV/AIDS and 40.1 million deaths from AIDS since the start of epidemic. In sub-Saharan Africa, women and girls accounted for 63% of all new HIV infections in 2021 with, six in seven new HIV infections among adolescents aged 15 - 19 years being girls. Key populations accounted for 70% of HIV infections globally in 2021, with 51% of these new HIV infections in sub-Saharan Africa. Reflecting on the 4 decades’ journey of HIV epidemic amidst local, national and international efforts, the UN target of ending AIDS as a public health threat by 2030 remains questionable unless new innovative ways are used. This study aimed at analyzing existing HIV/AIDS interventions, discuss UN interventions in line with ending HIV/AIDS by 2030 then, suggest and discuss new innovative ways of ending HIV scourge by 2030. Methods: Systematic literature review methodology was used to extract existing published information on HIV prevention strategies from 1981 to 2023. The articles were previewed by 2 experts for quality and grouped by intervention. Of the 637 articles accessed, on HIV prevention/control only 45 met the inclusion criteria. Data were synthesized using a narrative synthesis approach following standard guidelines on synthesis without meta-analysis. Descriptive analysis was done, strength and limitations were identified. UNAIDS recommendations for ending HIV/AIDS by 2030 identified and analyzed. New Innovations in HIV/AIDS were presented and discussed. The scope of the reviewed literature was limited to HIV preventive strategies practiced between 1981 and 2023. Results: Findings show that, Uganda’s HIV prevalence was at a peak in 1991 of 15% (30% among pregnant women in urban areas). ABC strategy is claimed to have turned sharply downward the prevalence through the mid-1990s and reached 5% (14% for pregnant urban women) by 2001. Analysis of the strategy showed that the achievements of the strategy could not be sustained, subsequently HIV prevalence rose again. This is because none of the ABC components can independently reduce HIV problem. In the real world, 100% abstinence has failed, condom use only reduces infection by 90% (WHO), and lifelong monogamy is impractical. Such limitations weaken ABC strategy. The study established that Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) i.e. taking HIV medicines within 72 hours (3 days) after a possible exposure to HIV infection is a safe, effective and a globally practiced HIV preventive intervention in emergency situations of HIV exposure. However, PEP is limited to care sought within 72 hours after exposure and yet timely access especially in rural areas and for key populations remains a big challenge. Oral PrEP was also identified as effective HIV preventive measure that can reduce HIV risk from sex by about 99% and from injection drug users by 74%. However, like PEP, timely access especially in rural areas and for key populations remains a big challenge. The UNAIDS 95-95-95 strategy (i.e. 95% of people know their HIV status, 95% with +HIV status be on sustained ART and 95% on ART get viral load suppression) formed the basis for setting the target of ending HIV/AIDS epidemic by 2030. However, our analysis shows that this target is unrealistic given the above highlighted limitations/ barriers in preventive measures and the unlikely perfect adherence (100%) to ART by all enrolled HIV positive persons. Conclusion: Ending HIV/AIDS by 2030 cannot be achieved by implementing the current preventing strategies and control measures. This study established that most of the existing HIV preventive strategies and control measures have a number of limitations. However, with sustained UN 95-95-95 strategy supplemented with additional innovative ways, there is hope that the UN dream of ending HIV/AIDS though not necessarily by 2030, can in the long run be achieved.
文摘This study conducted an in-depth analysis of the current tax preferential policies for small-scale individual businesses and compared them with similar policies both domestically and internationally,aiming to reveal the advantages and disadvantages of the current system.After examining the impact of these tax preferential policies on the economic status of individual business owners and the broader social economy,this article proposes a set of innovative tax preferential strategies based on theoretical foundations.By developing these innovative strategies and clarifying their implementation paths,the aim is to promote the sustainable and healthy development of small-scale individual businesses,thereby fostering comprehensive socio-economic progress.The conclusion of this study not only summarizes policy recommendations with practical significance but also provides theoretical support for the optimization and innovation of future related systems.
文摘With the in-depth development of economic globalization and the continuous emergence of new technologies,the importance of enterprise financial investment management strategy is becoming more and more prominent.The traditional financial investment management strategy can no longer meet the needs of enterprises in the new era and needs to be innovated with the times.For enterprises,the effectiveness and scientificity of financial investment management strategy will directly affect the competitiveness and long-term development of enterprises.Therefore,this study chooses the innovation based on the financial investment management strategy of enterprises in the new era as the research theme,aiming at exploring the innovative strategy to adapt to the needs of enterprises in the new era.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation(IOS-2207677)to Z.Q.F.the Project of State Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Breeding(NKLTCB-HZ04)the Central Public-Interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund(1630052025021)to Y.Q.
文摘Plants can be infected by diverse pathogens,which can cause severe diseases and reduce crop productivity.Receptors located on the plant cell surface allow plants to detect external cues.In the presence of pathogens,plants recognize distinctive molecu-lar signatures known as pathogen-associated molecular patterns(PAMPs)through pattern-recognition receptors(PRRs),thereby activating PAMP-triggered immunity(PTI)(Boller and Felix,2009).
基金the Guangxi Science and Technology Project(AA17204083,AB16380030)the link project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China and Fujian Province(U1705252)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2015A030312007).
文摘Electrochemical water splitting is regarded as the most auspicious technology for renewable sources,transport,and storage of hydrogen energy.Currently,noble Pt metal and noble-metal oxides(IrO_(2)and RuO_(2))are recognized as state-of-the-art electrocatalysts for both the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER),respectively.Searching for earth-abundant electrocatalysts for the HER and OER with remarkable performance and high stability to replace precious metals plays a significant role in the commercial application of electrochemical water splitting.In this review,recent advancements in nanostructured transition metal electrocatalysts are assessed through the selected examples of nitrides,carbides,phosphides,sulfides,borides,layered double hydroxides,and oxides.Recent breakthroughs in nanostructured transition metal electrocatalysts are discussed in terms of their mechanisms,controllable production,structural design,and innovative strategies for boosting their performance.For instance,most nanostructured transition metal electrocatalysts for overall water splitting(OWS)only function well in neutral and alkaline solutions.Finally,current research challenges and future perspectives for increasing the performance of nanostructured transition metals for OWS are proposed.
文摘Shandong Port Group(SPG),which was established in August 2019,regards standardization as the cornerstone of modern enterprise management,and vigorously implements the standardization innovation strategy.Its standardization work mainly focuses on the following four aspects.
文摘Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the third most common malignancy worldwide and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths,accounting for approximately 10%of all cancer cases.By 2050,CRC incidence is expected to rise substantially,driven by population aging and greater exposure to risk factors in developing countries.Despite advances in medicine and pharmacy,the effectiveness of available treatments remains limited,underscoring the urgent need for innovative therapeutic strategies.This review summarizes and critically evaluates currently available CRC therapies and explores new emerging directions.Particular attention is given to the role of immunotherapy,targeted therapies,nanotechnology-based approaches,metal-based compounds,PROTAC technology,and personalized medicine,with emphasis on their efficacy,safety,accessibility,and mechanisms of drug resistance.In conclusion,surgery and chemotherapy remain the backbone of CRC treatment,but novel therapeutic approaches are reshaping the treatment landscape.Emerging strategies may offer improved patient tolerability and survival outcomes by reducing the occurrence of burdensome adverse effects.Persistent challenges such as drug toxicity,the emergence of resistance mechanisms,and inequalities in access to innovative therapies underscore the need for further translational research.Integrating personalized therapeutic approaches will also be crucial to achieving more effective,safer,and accessible treatment strategies for CRC.
文摘Technological innovations significantly influence individual firms and other innova-tions,such as financial innovations.The future of a firm depends on its innovation investment strategy.According to the literature,innovation investments are affected by ambiguity.This study examines how ambiguity affects the innovation strategies of managers.We show that the innovation strategies of ambiguity-averse managers differ from those of ambiguity-neutral managers.Unlike ambiguity-neutral managers,ambiguity-averse managers consider a broader variety of innovation strategies for a wider range of future innovation arrival times.Regarding the profitability of a future innovation,ambiguity-averse managers delay the investment decision until the profit-ability of the innovation is less ambiguous.Moreover,we examine innovation strategies under various conditions,including the risk of innovation outdatedness,management disputes,and the varying volatility of innovations.
文摘In the process of China's new rural construction, government agencies have launched a series of relevant policies to support the development of agriculture and promote the development of agricultural economy. In order to ensure the sustainable development of agricultural economy, we must first strengthen the management of agricultural economy and implement an innovative agricultural economic management system. Based on the current situation of agricultural economic development, this paper puts forward relevant strategies of agricultural economic management innovation under the background of new rural construction, aiming at improving the level of rural economic management innovation.
文摘At present,most schools adopt the principal management system.In the International Campus,the principal's leadership has a great impact on the quality of school operation.Headmasters must combine the actual situation and use of international schools,and lead in an innovative way to better promote the development of international schools.Therefore,this paper analyzes the current situation and importance of principal leadership and leadership art in international school management,and discusses the innovative application strategies of principal leadership art and leadership in international school management.
文摘English translation teaching must also evolve against the backdrop of rapid advancement in AI.There are many problems and limitations in the traditional English translation teaching model,such as students’over-reliance on translation software,teachers’insufficient understanding of intelligent technology and insufficient integration of teaching and intelligent technology,which cannot meet the diversified learning needs of students.This paper tries to explore Innovative strategies for Artificial Intelligence(AI)based English translation teaching,including enhancing students’understanding and application of translation software,optimizing teachers’thinking on the application of AI technology,expanding ways to integrate translation courses with AI technology and increasing attention to AI in the course evaluation process.It aims at promoting AI-based English translation teaching and cultivating qualified English translators who meet the needs of the times.
基金supported by the Leading Innovative and Entrepreneur Team Introduction Program of Zhejiang(2023R01002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82271629,82301790)。
文摘Aging and regeneration represent complex biological phenomena that have long captivated the scientific community.To fully comprehend these processes,it is essential to investigate molecular dynamics through a lens that encompasses both spatial and temporal dimensions.Conventional omics methodologies,such as genomics and transcriptomics,have been instrumental in identifying critical molecular facets of aging and regeneration.However,these methods are somewhat limited,constrained by their spatial resolution and their lack of capacity to dynamically represent tissue alterations.The advent of emerging spatiotemporal multi-omics approaches,encompassing transcriptomics,proteomics,metabolomics,and epigenomics,furnishes comprehensive insights into these intricate molecular dynamics.These sophisticated techniques facilitate accurate delineation of molecular patterns across an array of cells,tissues,and organs,thereby offering an in-depth understanding of the fundamental mechanisms at play.This review meticulously examines the significance of spatiotemporal multi-omics in the realms of aging and regeneration research.It underscores how these methodologies augment our comprehension of molecular dynamics,cellular interactions,and signaling pathways.Initially,the review delineates the foundational principles underpinning these methods,followed by an evaluation of their recent applications within the field.The review ultimately concludes by addressing the prevailing challenges and projecting future advancements in the field.Indubitably,spatiotemporal multi-omics are instrumental in deciphering the complexities inherent in aging and regeneration,thus charting a course toward potential therapeutic innovations.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82370562,82202221,and 82170572 to Y.M.)the Distinguished Youth of Natural Science Research Projects in Anhui Province Universities(No.2024AH020005 to Y.M.)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province(No.2208085MH255 to T.W.)Promotion Program of Anhui Medical University(No.2023xkjT003 to Y.M.).
文摘Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)refers to a longterm and nonspecific disorder that affects the intestines.Despite the availability of various therapeutic means,including antiinflammatory drugs,immunosuppressants,and biologics,their therapeutic efficacy remains suboptimal,accompanied by significant adverse effects.Natural products have garnered attention as a promising area of research due to their distinctive pharmacological activities and favorable safety profiles.However,the applications of some natural products are constrained by inherent limitations,such as poor solubility and bioavailability.To address the shortcomings of natural productsdrugs,novel drug delivery systems(DDSs)such as micro/nano,hydrogel,and probiotics have been developed to facilitate the delivery of natural products for the treatment of IBD.Additionally,novel natural products can be directly engineered into DDSs to target IBD lesion sites.Natural products-integrated DDSs can enhance therapeutic specificity,extend the duration of therapeutic action,and minimize side effects.This review elucidates those natural products and their associated DDSs,such as micro/nano systems,hydrogels,and probiotics,provide efficacious treatment for IBD by means of reducing oxidative stress,repairing the intestinal barrier,modulating intestinal microbiota,and alleviating intestinal inflammation.
基金Research on the Development of Creative Agriculture in Qinhuangdao City(202401A213)。
文摘This article first comprehensively analyzes the current development status of creative agriculture in Qinhuangdao City,pointing out that it has unique advantages in terms of resource endowments and cultural heritage.Although it has achieved certain results in recent years,it still faces challenges such as low brand awareness,single marketing channels,and insufficient innovation in retail models.In terms of marketing strategy innovation,this article proposes innovative ideas such as digital marketing,cultural IP marketing,and experiential marketing.Regarding retail model innovation,this article explores models such as online and offline integration,community group buying,and live streaming sales.This article presents an outlook for the future development of creative agriculture in Qinhuangdao City based on the research findings.It is believed that with technological advancements and consumption upgrades,creative agriculture has broad prospects.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32302900 and 32373031).
文摘Coccidiosis,an intestinal disease caused by Eimeria protozoan parasites,affects various animal species,and espe-cially poses a significant threat to the poultry industry.The current primary control methods include anticoccidial drugs and vaccines.However,emerging challenges such as drug resistance and vaccine efficacy issues are rooted in the complex life cycle and species diversification of Eimeria.In this review,we first consolidate recent breakthroughs in understanding Eimeria biology,focusing on the parasite development and its intricate interactions with the host,notably its relationships with host immune cells and the gut microbiota.Furthermore,we provide an extensive sum-mary of current control strategies for Eimeria infections.This includes an in-depth analysis of anticoccidial drugs,their mechanisms of resistance,and the increasing utilization of diverse anticoccidial vaccines to combat these challenges.Finally,we highlight the latest innovative strategies leading the way in coccidiosis control.Through an exploration of cutting-edge techniques,we also provide insights into future directions for effectively combating this disease.In conclusion,the future of coccidiosis control lies in the use of a multifaceted approach,integrating advanced bio-logical insights with innovative therapeutic strategies.This review not only serves to enhance our understanding of Eimeria biology but also provides a valuable resource for researchers involved in developing and implementing strategies to manage and control coccidiosis,ensuring the health and productivity of poultry worldwide.
