This communication looks at the photo-oxidation of polythene and polypropylene plastic bottle tops that are placed on soil in a hot arid environment. The degree of oxidation of the plastic is monitored by FT-IR spectr...This communication looks at the photo-oxidation of polythene and polypropylene plastic bottle tops that are placed on soil in a hot arid environment. The degree of oxidation of the plastic is monitored by FT-IR spectroscopy. It is noted that while different bottle top types photo-oxidize at different rates, all show an appreciable level of oxidation after half a year of exposure to the environment. The oxidation leads to brittleness of the plastic, which leads to fissure formation in bottle tops of little thickness. This leads to fragmentation of the material upon impact, making plastic bottle tops an appreciable source of microplastics.展开更多
Peste des Petits ruminants (PPR) is considered as one of the major constraints to the productivity of small ruminants in Sudan. Presently, control measures for PPR are primarily reliant on vaccination using an attenua...Peste des Petits ruminants (PPR) is considered as one of the major constraints to the productivity of small ruminants in Sudan. Presently, control measures for PPR are primarily reliant on vaccination using an attenuated PPR strain Nigeria 75/1 that has been produced in monolayers of Vero cells grown in static flasks. This study investigates the potential for scaling up PPR vaccine production using roller bottle technology, a more advanced method. A live, homologous vaccine against PPR in sheep and goats was successfully produced on a large scale in roller culture bottles, with DMEM supplemented with ten percent fetal bovine serum serving as the growth medium. The cells were infected with a multiplicity of infection of 0.01, and the vaccine was harvested when the cytopathic effect reached 80%. The vaccine was then freeze-dried to preserve its stability. A series of tests were conducted to ensure the safety and quality of the vaccine. Using PCR, the identity of vaccine was confirmed. It was found to be safe in both single and 100-times dose inoculations in sheep, with the produced batches showing a high titre of 6.4 ± 0.11 log10 TCID50/ml. All batches met the criteria of sterility, passing tests for bacteria, fungi, and mycoplasma. Furthermore, the vaccine proved effective in small ruminants, with antibodies persisting for over a year post-vaccination. The residual moisture content remained below 2.5%, and the vaccine successfully passed vacuum testing. Stability tests indicated that the vaccine has a shelf-life of at least one year when stored at temperatures of 2˚C - 8˚C and −20˚C. These results demonstrate the potential for applying roller bottle culture technology to PPR vaccine production, significantly streamlining the existing process and enhancing its efficiency. Further research is warranted to address the economic analyses of adopting roller bottle technology with existing PPR control program.展开更多
BACKGROUND Cancer-induced incomplete bowel obstruction presents numerous clinical cha-llenges,notably pain management and inflammation control.Conventional thera-pies provide limited relief,prompting investigation int...BACKGROUND Cancer-induced incomplete bowel obstruction presents numerous clinical cha-llenges,notably pain management and inflammation control.Conventional thera-pies provide limited relief,prompting investigation into complementary approa-ches.This study compares the efficacy of bottle gourd moxibustion combined with umbilical therapy(BGM-UT)plus standard palliative care vs standard Wes-tern palliative care alone in symptom alleviation and inflammation reduction.AIM To compare the efficacy of BGM-UT plus standard palliative care vs standard pa-lliative care alone in reducing inflammatory cytokine levels,alleviating symp-toms,and improving gastrointestinal recovery in cancer-induced incomplete bowel obstruction.METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on 109 patients aged 18-75 years with cancer-induced incomplete bowel obstruction treated at the Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine between October 2023 and September 2024.The participants were categorized into two groups:(1)Regular group receiving stan-dard palliative care;and(2)BGM-UT group receiving additional moxibustion therapy.The inclusion criteria included ongoing opioid use and a Karnofsky per-formance status score below 60.The treatments were evaluated for 3 weeks in terms of opioid consumption,gastrointestinal function recovery,brief pain inven-tory scores,traditional Chinese medicine symptom scores,and inflammatory cytokine levels.RESULTS Initially,the groups were demographically and clinically comparable.Post-treatment,the BGM-UT group showed significant reductions in opioid intake(P=0.027),improved gastrointestinal recovery times,and enhanced pain management as reflected by their lower brief pain inventory scores(P<0.05).Similarly,the improvement in traditional Chinese medicine scores was greater in the BGM-UT group than in the regular group(P<0.05).Inflam-matory markers including interleukin-6,tumor necrosis factor-α,and C-reactive protein decreased significantly in the BGM-UT group,indicating the superior anti-inflammatory effects of this treatment(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The addition of BGM-UT to standard palliative care enhances pain relief,accelerates gastrointestinal recovery,and effectively reduces inflammatory cytokine levels in patients with cancer-induced incomplete bowel obstruction.This combination therapy offers a promising complementary approach to managing this challenging condition.Further prospective studies are warranted to validate these findings and explore underlying mechanisms.展开更多
The experiment was conducted at the experimental field of Olericulture Division, Horticulture Research Centre (HRC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur, Bangladesh during the winter season of 2...The experiment was conducted at the experimental field of Olericulture Division, Horticulture Research Centre (HRC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur, Bangladesh during the winter season of 2018-2019 to study the genetic architecture of yield in a seven parent half diallel cross of bottle gourd. The values of mean square for GCA (general combining ability) and SCA (specific combining ability) were highly significant which suggested the presence of both additive and non-additive genetic variance in the population. But the higher magnitude of GCA compared to SCA indicated predominance of additive genetic variance. In most of the cases, the cross between poor and poor parents showed positive SCA effect for fruit yield, which indicated the higher yield. The estimates of significant positive better parent heterosis ranged from 6.27 to 49.72 percent. Analysis of genetic components of variation suggested that additive components were more important in the inheritance of fruit yield. This character was observed being controlled by two to three pairs of genes or groups of genes. Narrow sense heritability was 23 percent indicating probability of selection in generations. The graphical analysis also indicated wide genetic diversity among the parents.展开更多
The champagne bottle neck(CBN) sign refers to a reduction in the diameter of the proximal portion of the internal carotid artery that resembles a CBN, and is a characteristic feature of Moyamoya disease. A 43-yearold ...The champagne bottle neck(CBN) sign refers to a reduction in the diameter of the proximal portion of the internal carotid artery that resembles a CBN, and is a characteristic feature of Moyamoya disease. A 43-yearold woman with an infarction of the posterior limb of the left internal capsule was diagnosed with Moyamoya syndrome associated with Graves' disease. The CBN sign was observed bilaterally. Cerebral revascularization surgery was performed, including left-sided superficial temporal artery to middle cerebral artery anastomosis. During four years of follow-up, she maintained a euthyroid state and did not have any further cerebral ischemic events. The CBN signs remained unchanged on both sides during this time. This is the first report of the CBN sign in a patient with Moyamoya syndrome associated with Graves' disease.展开更多
Assessment of water and energy footprint for eight bottled water industries was carried out. The investigation showed that one litre of bottled water has a water footprint of 17.41 litres and energy footprint of 7.08 ...Assessment of water and energy footprint for eight bottled water industries was carried out. The investigation showed that one litre of bottled water has a water footprint of 17.41 litres and energy footprint of 7.08 MJ. Water consumption by the industry comprises 61% during material production, 17% in processes, 16% in energy and only 6% in the actual product. Hence, maximum consumption of water is in material production, while the processes required a smaller fraction of the total water and energy consumed. Therefore, water footprint can be reduced through optimization of water consumption in material production.展开更多
The pursuit of alternative safe water has increased dramatically the world trade in bottled water. Events happened in Canada which changed the population’s perception about the quality of tap water, despite all gover...The pursuit of alternative safe water has increased dramatically the world trade in bottled water. Events happened in Canada which changed the population’s perception about the quality of tap water, despite all government efforts. Media has an important role to pass on information because there is value judgment in its reports. As a result, this study aims to present recent data from two Canadian newspapers of national circulation, which refer to tap water and bottled water. It used quantitative and qualitative data for this analysis. The study concludes that the media, taken into consideration, provides its readers with important information, but the information can also be ambiguous. Nevertheless, it arouses interest in further research about this subject matter and about protecting water resources.展开更多
BACKGROUND: Bottle gourd(Lagenaria siceraria) is popularly known as lauki, ghia or dudhi in India. Its consumption is advocated by traditional medicine healers for controlling diabetes mellitus, hypertension, liver di...BACKGROUND: Bottle gourd(Lagenaria siceraria) is popularly known as lauki, ghia or dudhi in India. Its consumption is advocated by traditional medicine healers for controlling diabetes mellitus, hypertension, liver diseases, weight loss and other diseases. However, in last few years there have been reports of suspected toxicity due to consumption of its juice leading to severe vomiting and upper gastrointestinal bleeding. As emergency physicians we need to be aware of this very rare poisoning specially in India.METHODS: We present a case of a 52-year-old woman who presented with multiple episodes of hematemesis and shock to the emergency department(ED) after consuming bottle gourd juice. The patient was resuscitated and stabilized with fl uids, proton pump inhibitors and antiemetics and shifted to the intensive care unit(ICU) under the care of a gastroenterology team for urgent endoscopy and further management.RESULTS: The patient received intravenous fluids, antibiotics, antiemetics, and antacids and underwent upper gastroenterologic endoscopy during the hospitalization. She was discharged in a stable condition 4 days later.CONCLUSIONS: As a member of the Cucurbitaceae family, bottle gourd contains toxic tetracyclic triterpenoid compounds called cucurbitacins which are responsible for the bitter taste and toxicity. There is no known antidote for this toxicity, and clinicians treat such patients symptomatically only. It is important to educate the public about the harmful effects of this potentially life-threatening toxicity.展开更多
The whispering gallery mode(WGM)based micro-bottle resonator(MBR)sensor has been proposed and demonstrated for relative humidity measurement by using an agarose gel as a transducer.MBR was fabricated by using a soften...The whispering gallery mode(WGM)based micro-bottle resonator(MBR)sensor has been proposed and demonstrated for relative humidity measurement by using an agarose gel as a transducer.MBR was fabricated by using a soften-and-compress method to form a 190μm bulge bottle.The micro-bottle was optically excited by a 3μm tapered fiber and it exhibits a resonance with a Q factor in an order of 10^(5).The agarose coated MBR produces a good sensing response towards humidity with the sensitivity of 0.107 d B/%RH and linearity of 99.614%.The agarose hydrophilic nature and its changing porosity and refractive index with increasing relative humidity made the coated MBR structure to be more sensitive than the uncoated structure.This humidity sensor has a simple fabrication and is showing good sensitivity,linearity,resolution,response time and operational in a wide humidity range.展开更多
In this study</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> nineteen different brands of bottled mineral waters (7 brands local a...In this study</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> nineteen different brands of bottled mineral waters (7 brands local and 12 brands imported) were collected from supermarkets and independent food stores throughout Djibouti. The chemical composition mentioned on the labels of the nineteen bottled mineral waters ha</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">s</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> made the subject of a first verification by Ionic Balance Error (IBE). It was found out of the nineteen brands selected, 12 brands (2 brands local and 10 brands imported) had acceptable charge balance error. Correlation Analysis (CA), Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) were used to analyze the data collected from the labels of bottled water. The obtained results showed that the 12 brands of studied waters can be grouped in 4 distinct classes with similar chemical characteristics. Two local and one imported brands have the same chemical composition but marketed under different names. It was observed that the chemical content local water brands w</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ere</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> within the normal range prescribed by both WHO and USEPA except five imported water brands that have concentration values Ca, HCO</span><sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">3</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, Mg and SO</span><sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">4</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> beyond acceptable standards. Total hardness values classified most of the studied brands from moderate to very hard water.展开更多
The adsorption of Pb(II)on silica gel synthesized from chemical glass bottle waste has been studied.The effect of independent variables(adsorbent dose,initial concentration of Pb(II),contact time,and pH)on the Pb(II)r...The adsorption of Pb(II)on silica gel synthesized from chemical glass bottle waste has been studied.The effect of independent variables(adsorbent dose,initial concentration of Pb(II),contact time,and pH)on the Pb(II)removal from water was evaluated and optimized using the Response Surface Methodology(RSM).Under optimized conditions(adsorbent dose:20 mg;contact time:30 min;initial Pb(II)concentration:120 mg.L^(−1);and pH:8),the removal of Pb(II)was 99.77%.The adsorption equilibrium data obtained from the batch experiment were investigated using different isotherm models.The Langmuir isotherm model fits the experimental data.This shows that the surface of the silica gel synthesized from chemical bottles waste was covered by a Pb(II)monolayer.XRF analysis showed that the synthesized silica gel had a SiO_(2) content of 75.63%.Amorphous silica was observed from XRD analysis.SEM-EDX characterization showed that Pb was adsorbed on the silica gel surface.SEM analysis showed that silica gel has irregular particles with a surface area of 297.08 m2.g^(−1) with a pore radius of 15.74 nm calculated from BET analysis.展开更多
This research focuses on the effective removal of methylene blue dye using silica gel synthesized from chemical glass bottle waste as an environmentally friendly and cost-effective adsorbent.The adsorption process was...This research focuses on the effective removal of methylene blue dye using silica gel synthesized from chemical glass bottle waste as an environmentally friendly and cost-effective adsorbent.The adsorption process was optimized using Box-Behnken Design(BBD)and Response Surface Methodology(RSM)to investigate the influence of pH(6;8 and 10),contact time(15;30 and 45 min),adsorbent mass(30;50 and 70 mg),and initial concentration(20;50 and 80 mg/L)of the adsorbate on the adsorption efficiency.The BBD was conducted using Google Colaboratory software,which encompassed 27 experiments with randomly assigned combinations.The silica gel synthesized from chemical glass bottle was characterized by XRD,FTIR,SEM-EDX and TEM.The adsorption result was measured by spectrophotometer UV-Vis.The optimized conditions resulted in a remarkable methylene blue removal efficiency of 99.41%.Characterization of the silica gel demonstrated amorphous morphology and prominent absorption bands characteristic of silica.The Langmuir isotherm model best described the adsorption behavior,revealing chemisorption with a monolayer coverage of methylene blue on the adsorbent surface,and a maximum adsorption capacity of 82.02 mg/g.Additionally,the pseudo-second-order kinetics model indicated a chemisorption mechanism during the adsorption process.The findings highlight the potential of silica gel from chemical glass bottle waste as a promising adsorbent for wastewater treatment,offering economic and environmental benefits.Further investigations can explore its scalability,regenerability,and reusability for industrial-scale applications.展开更多
Objective:To determine the efficacy of WHO impregnated paper and CDC coated bottle based on number of storage days and number of limes of consecutive use,in the assessment of insecticide vector susceptibility tests in...Objective:To determine the efficacy of WHO impregnated paper and CDC coated bottle based on number of storage days and number of limes of consecutive use,in the assessment of insecticide vector susceptibility tests in laboratory and field conditions.Methods:Larvae and pupae of Anopheles gambiae s.l.mosquitoes were collected from the breeding sites in Seme-Kpodji and Cotonou districts in Southern Benin in April 2013 during the first rainy season.Anopheles gambiae s.l.mosquitoes were also collected from the breeding sites in Parakou district in Northern Benin in May 2013 at the beginning of the rainy season.Susceptibility tests were done using impregnated paper with bendiocarb(0.1%)following WHO protocol and stock solutions of permethrin(21.5 ug per bottle)and deltamethrin(12.5 ug per bottle)following CDC protocol on unfed female mosquitoes aged 2-5 days old.These bioassays were repeated a certain number of times.The temperature and relative humidity were monitored and recorded during the susceptibility tests.Results:This study showed that a WHO impregnated paper with bendiocarb could be used four times during four consecutive days in field conditions.Regarding a Wheaton coated bottle with permethrin or deltamethrin,they could be used at least three limes during four consecutive days in laboratory conditions.Conclusions:The day storage and the number of times that a WHO impregnated paper and a CDC coated bottle maintained their efficacy are useful in the assessment of insecticide vectors susceptibility tests.展开更多
Concentrations of nitrate and trace elements such as arsenic,cadmium,chromium,copper,manganese,nickel,lead,selenium,antimony and mercury in 18 different brands of bottled water were investigated.For comparison,samples...Concentrations of nitrate and trace elements such as arsenic,cadmium,chromium,copper,manganese,nickel,lead,selenium,antimony and mercury in 18 different brands of bottled water were investigated.For comparison,samples of tap and well water from three different places of Tehran were also analyzed.UV/VIS spectrophotometer and Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometer were used for the analysis of nitrate and trace elements,respectively.Results obtained were compared to Iranian,World Health Organization(WHO)and Environmental Protection Agency(EPA)guideline for drinking water.Nitrate concentration in bottled,tap and well water samples were in maximum safe nitrate concentration of Iranian and WHO standards.However,70%of bottled water samples and one sample of tap water were below the standard level proposed by EPA and probably remedial action should be taken.Concentration levels of all analyzed elements investigated in all examined water samples were below the maximum contaminant level prescribed by Iranian,WHO and EPA regulations.展开更多
The aim of this exploratory research and comparative numerical pilot study was to investigate any significant differences in the microbiological content of tap and bottled water through the measurement of risk indicat...The aim of this exploratory research and comparative numerical pilot study was to investigate any significant differences in the microbiological content of tap and bottled water through the measurement of risk indicator parameters including Enterococci, Escherichia coli (E. coli) and colony-forming units (CFUs). This study to investigate storage conditions and compare consumer options of public water supply and bottled water using microbiological limits was carried out for public health research. This was a unique pilot study to Northern Ireland with global relevance due to the increase in the bottled water market and the need to address the lack of consumer awareness regarding storage and microbiological content. No E. coli or Enterococci were found in any of the 31 tap or bottled water samples. Three unrefrigerated bottled water samples exceeded the threshold in Colony Counts 22°C & 37°C (degrees Celsius) and failed in line with Drinking Water Directive guidelines. This indicated a link between storage conditions and microbiological quality. No link between prices or microbiological quality was indicated. This research recommends the creation of a regulator for the bottled water industry, the need for clearly labelled microbiological content and daily testing. Water suppliers such as Northern Ireland (NI) Water should promote the quality of tap water. Recommendations are also outlined for consumers. There is no statistically significant difference in the microbiological quality of tap and bottled water in Northern Ireland despite marketing claims.展开更多
In a previous paper by the author joint with Baogang XU published in Discrete Math in 2018, we show that every non-planar toroidal graph can be edge partitioned into a planar graph and an outerplanar graph. This edge ...In a previous paper by the author joint with Baogang XU published in Discrete Math in 2018, we show that every non-planar toroidal graph can be edge partitioned into a planar graph and an outerplanar graph. This edge partition then implies some results in thickness and outerthickness of toroidal graphs. In particular, if each planar graph has outerthickness at most 2(conjectured by Chartrand, Geller and Hedetniemi in 1971 and the confirmation of the conjecture was announced by Gon?calves in 2005), then the outerthickness of toroidal graphs is at most 3 which is the best possible due to K7.In this paper we continue to study the edge partition for projective planar graphs and Klein bottle embeddable graphs. We show that(1) every non-planar but projective planar graph can be edge partitioned into a planar graph and a union of caterpillar trees;and(2) every non-planar Klein bottle embeddable graph can be edge partitioned into a planar graph and a subgraph of two vertex amalgamation of a caterpillar tree with a cycle with pendant edges. As consequences,the thinkness of projective planar graphs and Klein bottle embeddabe graphs are at most 2,which are the best possible, and the outerthickness of these graphs are at most 3.展开更多
The purpose of this paper is to give a combinatorial characterization and also construct representations of the fundamental group of the submanifolds of elastic Klein Bottle by using some geometrical transformations. ...The purpose of this paper is to give a combinatorial characterization and also construct representations of the fundamental group of the submanifolds of elastic Klein Bottle by using some geometrical transformations. The homotopy groups of the limit elastic Klein Bottle are presented. The fundamental groups of some types of geodesics in elastic Klein Bottle are discussed. New types of homotopy maps are deduced. Theorems governing this connection are achieved.展开更多
文摘This communication looks at the photo-oxidation of polythene and polypropylene plastic bottle tops that are placed on soil in a hot arid environment. The degree of oxidation of the plastic is monitored by FT-IR spectroscopy. It is noted that while different bottle top types photo-oxidize at different rates, all show an appreciable level of oxidation after half a year of exposure to the environment. The oxidation leads to brittleness of the plastic, which leads to fissure formation in bottle tops of little thickness. This leads to fragmentation of the material upon impact, making plastic bottle tops an appreciable source of microplastics.
文摘Peste des Petits ruminants (PPR) is considered as one of the major constraints to the productivity of small ruminants in Sudan. Presently, control measures for PPR are primarily reliant on vaccination using an attenuated PPR strain Nigeria 75/1 that has been produced in monolayers of Vero cells grown in static flasks. This study investigates the potential for scaling up PPR vaccine production using roller bottle technology, a more advanced method. A live, homologous vaccine against PPR in sheep and goats was successfully produced on a large scale in roller culture bottles, with DMEM supplemented with ten percent fetal bovine serum serving as the growth medium. The cells were infected with a multiplicity of infection of 0.01, and the vaccine was harvested when the cytopathic effect reached 80%. The vaccine was then freeze-dried to preserve its stability. A series of tests were conducted to ensure the safety and quality of the vaccine. Using PCR, the identity of vaccine was confirmed. It was found to be safe in both single and 100-times dose inoculations in sheep, with the produced batches showing a high titre of 6.4 ± 0.11 log10 TCID50/ml. All batches met the criteria of sterility, passing tests for bacteria, fungi, and mycoplasma. Furthermore, the vaccine proved effective in small ruminants, with antibodies persisting for over a year post-vaccination. The residual moisture content remained below 2.5%, and the vaccine successfully passed vacuum testing. Stability tests indicated that the vaccine has a shelf-life of at least one year when stored at temperatures of 2˚C - 8˚C and −20˚C. These results demonstrate the potential for applying roller bottle culture technology to PPR vaccine production, significantly streamlining the existing process and enhancing its efficiency. Further research is warranted to address the economic analyses of adopting roller bottle technology with existing PPR control program.
基金Supported by Medical Research Project of Foshan Health Bureau in 2024,No.20240243.
文摘BACKGROUND Cancer-induced incomplete bowel obstruction presents numerous clinical cha-llenges,notably pain management and inflammation control.Conventional thera-pies provide limited relief,prompting investigation into complementary approa-ches.This study compares the efficacy of bottle gourd moxibustion combined with umbilical therapy(BGM-UT)plus standard palliative care vs standard Wes-tern palliative care alone in symptom alleviation and inflammation reduction.AIM To compare the efficacy of BGM-UT plus standard palliative care vs standard pa-lliative care alone in reducing inflammatory cytokine levels,alleviating symp-toms,and improving gastrointestinal recovery in cancer-induced incomplete bowel obstruction.METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on 109 patients aged 18-75 years with cancer-induced incomplete bowel obstruction treated at the Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine between October 2023 and September 2024.The participants were categorized into two groups:(1)Regular group receiving stan-dard palliative care;and(2)BGM-UT group receiving additional moxibustion therapy.The inclusion criteria included ongoing opioid use and a Karnofsky per-formance status score below 60.The treatments were evaluated for 3 weeks in terms of opioid consumption,gastrointestinal function recovery,brief pain inven-tory scores,traditional Chinese medicine symptom scores,and inflammatory cytokine levels.RESULTS Initially,the groups were demographically and clinically comparable.Post-treatment,the BGM-UT group showed significant reductions in opioid intake(P=0.027),improved gastrointestinal recovery times,and enhanced pain management as reflected by their lower brief pain inventory scores(P<0.05).Similarly,the improvement in traditional Chinese medicine scores was greater in the BGM-UT group than in the regular group(P<0.05).Inflam-matory markers including interleukin-6,tumor necrosis factor-α,and C-reactive protein decreased significantly in the BGM-UT group,indicating the superior anti-inflammatory effects of this treatment(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The addition of BGM-UT to standard palliative care enhances pain relief,accelerates gastrointestinal recovery,and effectively reduces inflammatory cytokine levels in patients with cancer-induced incomplete bowel obstruction.This combination therapy offers a promising complementary approach to managing this challenging condition.Further prospective studies are warranted to validate these findings and explore underlying mechanisms.
文摘The experiment was conducted at the experimental field of Olericulture Division, Horticulture Research Centre (HRC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur, Bangladesh during the winter season of 2018-2019 to study the genetic architecture of yield in a seven parent half diallel cross of bottle gourd. The values of mean square for GCA (general combining ability) and SCA (specific combining ability) were highly significant which suggested the presence of both additive and non-additive genetic variance in the population. But the higher magnitude of GCA compared to SCA indicated predominance of additive genetic variance. In most of the cases, the cross between poor and poor parents showed positive SCA effect for fruit yield, which indicated the higher yield. The estimates of significant positive better parent heterosis ranged from 6.27 to 49.72 percent. Analysis of genetic components of variation suggested that additive components were more important in the inheritance of fruit yield. This character was observed being controlled by two to three pairs of genes or groups of genes. Narrow sense heritability was 23 percent indicating probability of selection in generations. The graphical analysis also indicated wide genetic diversity among the parents.
文摘The champagne bottle neck(CBN) sign refers to a reduction in the diameter of the proximal portion of the internal carotid artery that resembles a CBN, and is a characteristic feature of Moyamoya disease. A 43-yearold woman with an infarction of the posterior limb of the left internal capsule was diagnosed with Moyamoya syndrome associated with Graves' disease. The CBN sign was observed bilaterally. Cerebral revascularization surgery was performed, including left-sided superficial temporal artery to middle cerebral artery anastomosis. During four years of follow-up, she maintained a euthyroid state and did not have any further cerebral ischemic events. The CBN signs remained unchanged on both sides during this time. This is the first report of the CBN sign in a patient with Moyamoya syndrome associated with Graves' disease.
文摘Assessment of water and energy footprint for eight bottled water industries was carried out. The investigation showed that one litre of bottled water has a water footprint of 17.41 litres and energy footprint of 7.08 MJ. Water consumption by the industry comprises 61% during material production, 17% in processes, 16% in energy and only 6% in the actual product. Hence, maximum consumption of water is in material production, while the processes required a smaller fraction of the total water and energy consumed. Therefore, water footprint can be reduced through optimization of water consumption in material production.
文摘The pursuit of alternative safe water has increased dramatically the world trade in bottled water. Events happened in Canada which changed the population’s perception about the quality of tap water, despite all government efforts. Media has an important role to pass on information because there is value judgment in its reports. As a result, this study aims to present recent data from two Canadian newspapers of national circulation, which refer to tap water and bottled water. It used quantitative and qualitative data for this analysis. The study concludes that the media, taken into consideration, provides its readers with important information, but the information can also be ambiguous. Nevertheless, it arouses interest in further research about this subject matter and about protecting water resources.
文摘BACKGROUND: Bottle gourd(Lagenaria siceraria) is popularly known as lauki, ghia or dudhi in India. Its consumption is advocated by traditional medicine healers for controlling diabetes mellitus, hypertension, liver diseases, weight loss and other diseases. However, in last few years there have been reports of suspected toxicity due to consumption of its juice leading to severe vomiting and upper gastrointestinal bleeding. As emergency physicians we need to be aware of this very rare poisoning specially in India.METHODS: We present a case of a 52-year-old woman who presented with multiple episodes of hematemesis and shock to the emergency department(ED) after consuming bottle gourd juice. The patient was resuscitated and stabilized with fl uids, proton pump inhibitors and antiemetics and shifted to the intensive care unit(ICU) under the care of a gastroenterology team for urgent endoscopy and further management.RESULTS: The patient received intravenous fluids, antibiotics, antiemetics, and antacids and underwent upper gastroenterologic endoscopy during the hospitalization. She was discharged in a stable condition 4 days later.CONCLUSIONS: As a member of the Cucurbitaceae family, bottle gourd contains toxic tetracyclic triterpenoid compounds called cucurbitacins which are responsible for the bitter taste and toxicity. There is no known antidote for this toxicity, and clinicians treat such patients symptomatically only. It is important to educate the public about the harmful effects of this potentially life-threatening toxicity.
基金the University of Malaya(No.IIRG005C-19IISS)INTI International University(No.INTI-FIT-03-2020)。
文摘The whispering gallery mode(WGM)based micro-bottle resonator(MBR)sensor has been proposed and demonstrated for relative humidity measurement by using an agarose gel as a transducer.MBR was fabricated by using a soften-and-compress method to form a 190μm bulge bottle.The micro-bottle was optically excited by a 3μm tapered fiber and it exhibits a resonance with a Q factor in an order of 10^(5).The agarose coated MBR produces a good sensing response towards humidity with the sensitivity of 0.107 d B/%RH and linearity of 99.614%.The agarose hydrophilic nature and its changing porosity and refractive index with increasing relative humidity made the coated MBR structure to be more sensitive than the uncoated structure.This humidity sensor has a simple fabrication and is showing good sensitivity,linearity,resolution,response time and operational in a wide humidity range.
文摘In this study</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> nineteen different brands of bottled mineral waters (7 brands local and 12 brands imported) were collected from supermarkets and independent food stores throughout Djibouti. The chemical composition mentioned on the labels of the nineteen bottled mineral waters ha</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">s</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> made the subject of a first verification by Ionic Balance Error (IBE). It was found out of the nineteen brands selected, 12 brands (2 brands local and 10 brands imported) had acceptable charge balance error. Correlation Analysis (CA), Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) were used to analyze the data collected from the labels of bottled water. The obtained results showed that the 12 brands of studied waters can be grouped in 4 distinct classes with similar chemical characteristics. Two local and one imported brands have the same chemical composition but marketed under different names. It was observed that the chemical content local water brands w</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ere</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> within the normal range prescribed by both WHO and USEPA except five imported water brands that have concentration values Ca, HCO</span><sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">3</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, Mg and SO</span><sub><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Verdana;">4</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> beyond acceptable standards. Total hardness values classified most of the studied brands from moderate to very hard water.
文摘The adsorption of Pb(II)on silica gel synthesized from chemical glass bottle waste has been studied.The effect of independent variables(adsorbent dose,initial concentration of Pb(II),contact time,and pH)on the Pb(II)removal from water was evaluated and optimized using the Response Surface Methodology(RSM).Under optimized conditions(adsorbent dose:20 mg;contact time:30 min;initial Pb(II)concentration:120 mg.L^(−1);and pH:8),the removal of Pb(II)was 99.77%.The adsorption equilibrium data obtained from the batch experiment were investigated using different isotherm models.The Langmuir isotherm model fits the experimental data.This shows that the surface of the silica gel synthesized from chemical bottles waste was covered by a Pb(II)monolayer.XRF analysis showed that the synthesized silica gel had a SiO_(2) content of 75.63%.Amorphous silica was observed from XRD analysis.SEM-EDX characterization showed that Pb was adsorbed on the silica gel surface.SEM analysis showed that silica gel has irregular particles with a surface area of 297.08 m2.g^(−1) with a pore radius of 15.74 nm calculated from BET analysis.
基金funded by Directorate of Research and Community Service(DRPM,Direktorat Riset dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat)ITS through the ITS Research Local Grant(No.1727/PKS/ITS/2023).
文摘This research focuses on the effective removal of methylene blue dye using silica gel synthesized from chemical glass bottle waste as an environmentally friendly and cost-effective adsorbent.The adsorption process was optimized using Box-Behnken Design(BBD)and Response Surface Methodology(RSM)to investigate the influence of pH(6;8 and 10),contact time(15;30 and 45 min),adsorbent mass(30;50 and 70 mg),and initial concentration(20;50 and 80 mg/L)of the adsorbate on the adsorption efficiency.The BBD was conducted using Google Colaboratory software,which encompassed 27 experiments with randomly assigned combinations.The silica gel synthesized from chemical glass bottle was characterized by XRD,FTIR,SEM-EDX and TEM.The adsorption result was measured by spectrophotometer UV-Vis.The optimized conditions resulted in a remarkable methylene blue removal efficiency of 99.41%.Characterization of the silica gel demonstrated amorphous morphology and prominent absorption bands characteristic of silica.The Langmuir isotherm model best described the adsorption behavior,revealing chemisorption with a monolayer coverage of methylene blue on the adsorbent surface,and a maximum adsorption capacity of 82.02 mg/g.Additionally,the pseudo-second-order kinetics model indicated a chemisorption mechanism during the adsorption process.The findings highlight the potential of silica gel from chemical glass bottle waste as a promising adsorbent for wastewater treatment,offering economic and environmental benefits.Further investigations can explore its scalability,regenerability,and reusability for industrial-scale applications.
基金Funded by the Ministere de I'Enseignement Superieur et de la Recherche Scientifique(MESRS),Benin and the President's Malaria Initiative of the U.S. Government through USAID
文摘Objective:To determine the efficacy of WHO impregnated paper and CDC coated bottle based on number of storage days and number of limes of consecutive use,in the assessment of insecticide vector susceptibility tests in laboratory and field conditions.Methods:Larvae and pupae of Anopheles gambiae s.l.mosquitoes were collected from the breeding sites in Seme-Kpodji and Cotonou districts in Southern Benin in April 2013 during the first rainy season.Anopheles gambiae s.l.mosquitoes were also collected from the breeding sites in Parakou district in Northern Benin in May 2013 at the beginning of the rainy season.Susceptibility tests were done using impregnated paper with bendiocarb(0.1%)following WHO protocol and stock solutions of permethrin(21.5 ug per bottle)and deltamethrin(12.5 ug per bottle)following CDC protocol on unfed female mosquitoes aged 2-5 days old.These bioassays were repeated a certain number of times.The temperature and relative humidity were monitored and recorded during the susceptibility tests.Results:This study showed that a WHO impregnated paper with bendiocarb could be used four times during four consecutive days in field conditions.Regarding a Wheaton coated bottle with permethrin or deltamethrin,they could be used at least three limes during four consecutive days in laboratory conditions.Conclusions:The day storage and the number of times that a WHO impregnated paper and a CDC coated bottle maintained their efficacy are useful in the assessment of insecticide vectors susceptibility tests.
文摘Concentrations of nitrate and trace elements such as arsenic,cadmium,chromium,copper,manganese,nickel,lead,selenium,antimony and mercury in 18 different brands of bottled water were investigated.For comparison,samples of tap and well water from three different places of Tehran were also analyzed.UV/VIS spectrophotometer and Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometer were used for the analysis of nitrate and trace elements,respectively.Results obtained were compared to Iranian,World Health Organization(WHO)and Environmental Protection Agency(EPA)guideline for drinking water.Nitrate concentration in bottled,tap and well water samples were in maximum safe nitrate concentration of Iranian and WHO standards.However,70%of bottled water samples and one sample of tap water were below the standard level proposed by EPA and probably remedial action should be taken.Concentration levels of all analyzed elements investigated in all examined water samples were below the maximum contaminant level prescribed by Iranian,WHO and EPA regulations.
文摘The aim of this exploratory research and comparative numerical pilot study was to investigate any significant differences in the microbiological content of tap and bottled water through the measurement of risk indicator parameters including Enterococci, Escherichia coli (E. coli) and colony-forming units (CFUs). This study to investigate storage conditions and compare consumer options of public water supply and bottled water using microbiological limits was carried out for public health research. This was a unique pilot study to Northern Ireland with global relevance due to the increase in the bottled water market and the need to address the lack of consumer awareness regarding storage and microbiological content. No E. coli or Enterococci were found in any of the 31 tap or bottled water samples. Three unrefrigerated bottled water samples exceeded the threshold in Colony Counts 22°C & 37°C (degrees Celsius) and failed in line with Drinking Water Directive guidelines. This indicated a link between storage conditions and microbiological quality. No link between prices or microbiological quality was indicated. This research recommends the creation of a regulator for the bottled water industry, the need for clearly labelled microbiological content and daily testing. Water suppliers such as Northern Ireland (NI) Water should promote the quality of tap water. Recommendations are also outlined for consumers. There is no statistically significant difference in the microbiological quality of tap and bottled water in Northern Ireland despite marketing claims.
文摘In a previous paper by the author joint with Baogang XU published in Discrete Math in 2018, we show that every non-planar toroidal graph can be edge partitioned into a planar graph and an outerplanar graph. This edge partition then implies some results in thickness and outerthickness of toroidal graphs. In particular, if each planar graph has outerthickness at most 2(conjectured by Chartrand, Geller and Hedetniemi in 1971 and the confirmation of the conjecture was announced by Gon?calves in 2005), then the outerthickness of toroidal graphs is at most 3 which is the best possible due to K7.In this paper we continue to study the edge partition for projective planar graphs and Klein bottle embeddable graphs. We show that(1) every non-planar but projective planar graph can be edge partitioned into a planar graph and a union of caterpillar trees;and(2) every non-planar Klein bottle embeddable graph can be edge partitioned into a planar graph and a subgraph of two vertex amalgamation of a caterpillar tree with a cycle with pendant edges. As consequences,the thinkness of projective planar graphs and Klein bottle embeddabe graphs are at most 2,which are the best possible, and the outerthickness of these graphs are at most 3.
文摘The purpose of this paper is to give a combinatorial characterization and also construct representations of the fundamental group of the submanifolds of elastic Klein Bottle by using some geometrical transformations. The homotopy groups of the limit elastic Klein Bottle are presented. The fundamental groups of some types of geodesics in elastic Klein Bottle are discussed. New types of homotopy maps are deduced. Theorems governing this connection are achieved.
