To address two key challenges(sand production and high water cut)in the development of loose sandstone reservoirs,a supramolecular sand inhibiting and water control agent,PDKM,was prepared using acrylamide(AM),methacr...To address two key challenges(sand production and high water cut)in the development of loose sandstone reservoirs,a supramolecular sand inhibiting and water control agent,PDKM,was prepared using acrylamide(AM),methacryloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride(DMC),styrene(SM),and γ-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane(KH570)as monomers.The molecular structure and thermal stability of PDKM were confirmed by ^(1)H-NMR,FT-IR,and TGA.Compared with conventional agents containing only one or two functional monomers,PDM(AM/DMC)and PDSM(AM/DMC/SM),PDKM demonstrated superior sand inhibiting and water control performance due to the synergistic effects among its three functional monomers.PDKM forms a denser intermolecular network structure,resulting in a significantly lower average sand production rate(0.02 g/L)and a longer average sand breakthrough time(665 s),surpassing the“excellent”standard(≤0.05 g/L)specified in Q/SH 10202377-2020 for sand inhibitors.PDKM achieves a higher water-oil resistance ratio(6.47)and markedly reduces the produced fluid's water cut by 34.1%,greatly exceeding the“excellent”field criterion for water control agents(≥10% reduction).Theoretical simulation(DFT calculation)reveals strong intermolecular interactions,with PDKM-PDKM and PDKM-sand grain interaction energies of−0.065 and−0.085 Ha,providing a robust theoretical basis for its performance.These findings demonstrate that PDKM offers a promising and effective solution for the integrated control of sand production and water cut in loose sandstone reservoirs.展开更多
With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,the research team led by Prof.Wang Di(王迪)at the Immuno metabolism Lab,Institute of Immunology,Zhejiang University School of Medicine,uncovered the...With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,the research team led by Prof.Wang Di(王迪)at the Immuno metabolism Lab,Institute of Immunology,Zhejiang University School of Medicine,uncovered the mystery of Bile Acids control inflammation and metabolic disorder,which was published in Immunity(2016,45:802—816)).展开更多
To solve the problem whereby an oil reservoir with applicable boundaries of the current sand-inhibiting and water-control agent is unclear,a supramolecular sand-inhibiting and water-control agent PDKM was prepared usi...To solve the problem whereby an oil reservoir with applicable boundaries of the current sand-inhibiting and water-control agent is unclear,a supramolecular sand-inhibiting and water-control agent PDKM was prepared using acrylamide(AM),methacryloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride(DMC),styrene(SM),and γ-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane(KH570)as comonomers.The molecular structure of PDKM was verified by ^(1)H-NMR and FT-IR.On the basis of establishing an evaluation method that can screen the performance of sand-inhibiting agent at a flow rate of 100 mL/min,the oil reservoir applicable boundaries of PDKM were obtained through the evaluation of sand-inhibiting and water-control performance.The experimental results show that when the concentration of PDKM is 5000 mg/L,the oil reservoir conditions are temperature≤90℃,formation water salinity≤21,249 mg/L,the degree of sand production corresponding to slight sand production and particle migration,crude oil viscosity≤50 mPa⋅s,primary water flooding water cut≥75%,and formation permeability contrast≤2.The performance with respect to sand inhibiting and water control can all reach an excellent level.There-fore,the PDKM solves the problem whereby the applicability of the current sand-inhibiting and water-control agent is unclear,and provides direction for the selection of suitable products in the oilfield production site.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(General Program,Grant No.52474071)the Provincial Key R&D Program of Shandong(2022CXGC020303)support from the China Scholarship Council(T.-M.Lei,No.202406450004).
文摘To address two key challenges(sand production and high water cut)in the development of loose sandstone reservoirs,a supramolecular sand inhibiting and water control agent,PDKM,was prepared using acrylamide(AM),methacryloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride(DMC),styrene(SM),and γ-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane(KH570)as monomers.The molecular structure and thermal stability of PDKM were confirmed by ^(1)H-NMR,FT-IR,and TGA.Compared with conventional agents containing only one or two functional monomers,PDM(AM/DMC)and PDSM(AM/DMC/SM),PDKM demonstrated superior sand inhibiting and water control performance due to the synergistic effects among its three functional monomers.PDKM forms a denser intermolecular network structure,resulting in a significantly lower average sand production rate(0.02 g/L)and a longer average sand breakthrough time(665 s),surpassing the“excellent”standard(≤0.05 g/L)specified in Q/SH 10202377-2020 for sand inhibitors.PDKM achieves a higher water-oil resistance ratio(6.47)and markedly reduces the produced fluid's water cut by 34.1%,greatly exceeding the“excellent”field criterion for water control agents(≥10% reduction).Theoretical simulation(DFT calculation)reveals strong intermolecular interactions,with PDKM-PDKM and PDKM-sand grain interaction energies of−0.065 and−0.085 Ha,providing a robust theoretical basis for its performance.These findings demonstrate that PDKM offers a promising and effective solution for the integrated control of sand production and water cut in loose sandstone reservoirs.
文摘With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,the research team led by Prof.Wang Di(王迪)at the Immuno metabolism Lab,Institute of Immunology,Zhejiang University School of Medicine,uncovered the mystery of Bile Acids control inflammation and metabolic disorder,which was published in Immunity(2016,45:802—816)).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(General Program)(Grant No.52474071)the Provincial Key R&D Program of Shandong(2022CXGC020303)the financial support from the China Scholarship Council(TM Lei,Grant No.202406450004).
文摘To solve the problem whereby an oil reservoir with applicable boundaries of the current sand-inhibiting and water-control agent is unclear,a supramolecular sand-inhibiting and water-control agent PDKM was prepared using acrylamide(AM),methacryloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride(DMC),styrene(SM),and γ-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane(KH570)as comonomers.The molecular structure of PDKM was verified by ^(1)H-NMR and FT-IR.On the basis of establishing an evaluation method that can screen the performance of sand-inhibiting agent at a flow rate of 100 mL/min,the oil reservoir applicable boundaries of PDKM were obtained through the evaluation of sand-inhibiting and water-control performance.The experimental results show that when the concentration of PDKM is 5000 mg/L,the oil reservoir conditions are temperature≤90℃,formation water salinity≤21,249 mg/L,the degree of sand production corresponding to slight sand production and particle migration,crude oil viscosity≤50 mPa⋅s,primary water flooding water cut≥75%,and formation permeability contrast≤2.The performance with respect to sand inhibiting and water control can all reach an excellent level.There-fore,the PDKM solves the problem whereby the applicability of the current sand-inhibiting and water-control agent is unclear,and provides direction for the selection of suitable products in the oilfield production site.
