In real-world networks,there usually exist a small set of nodes that play an important role in the structure and function of networks.Those vital nodes can influence most of other nodes in the network via a spreading ...In real-world networks,there usually exist a small set of nodes that play an important role in the structure and function of networks.Those vital nodes can influence most of other nodes in the network via a spreading process.While most of the existing works focused on vital nodes that can maximize the spreading size in the final stage,which we call final influencers,recent work proposed the idea of fast influencers,which emphasizes nodes’spreading capacity at the early stage.Despite the recent surge of efforts in identifying these two types of influencers in networks,there remained limited research on untangling the differences between the fast influencers and final influencers.In this paper,we firstly distinguish the two types of influencers:fast-only influencers and final-only influencers.The former is defined as individuals who can achieve a high spreading effect at the early stage but lose their superiority in the final stage,and the latter are those individuals that fail to exhibit a prominent spreading performance at the early stage but influence a large fraction of nodes at the final stage.Further experiments are based on eight empirical datasets,and we reveal the key differences between the two types of influencers concerning their spreading capacity and the local structures.We also analyze how network degree assortativity influences the fraction of the proposed two types of influencers.The results demonstrate that with the increase of degree assortativity,the fraction of the fast-only influencers decreases,which indicates that more fast influencers tend to keep their superiority at the final stage.Our study provides insights into the differences and evolution of different types of influencers and has important implications for various empirical applications,such as advertisement marketing and epidemic suppressing.展开更多
In micro-blogging contexts such as Twitter,the number of content producers can easily reach tens of thousands,and many users can participate in discussion of any given topic.While many users can introduce diversity,as...In micro-blogging contexts such as Twitter,the number of content producers can easily reach tens of thousands,and many users can participate in discussion of any given topic.While many users can introduce diversity,as not all users are equally influential,it makes it challenging to identify the true influencers,who are generally rated as being interesting and authoritative on a given topic.In this study,the influence of users is measured by performing random walks of the multi-relational data in micro-blogging:retweet,reply,reintroduce,and read.Due to the uncertainty of the reintroduce and read operations,a new method is proposed to determine the transition probabilities of uncertain relational networks.Moreover,we propose a method for performing the combined random walks for the multi-relational influence network,considering both the transition probabilities for intra-and inter-networking.Experiments were conducted on a real Twitter dataset containing about 260 000 users and 2.7million tweets,and the results show that our method is more effective than TwitterRank and other methods used to discover influencers.展开更多
Purpose:Performers may generate loyalty partly through eliciting illusory personal connections with their audience,parasocial relationships(PSRs),and individual illusory exchanges,parasocial interactions(PSIs).On soci...Purpose:Performers may generate loyalty partly through eliciting illusory personal connections with their audience,parasocial relationships(PSRs),and individual illusory exchanges,parasocial interactions(PSIs).On social media,semi-PSIs are real but imbalanced exchanges with audiences,including through comments on influencers’videos,and strong semi-PSIs are those that occur within PSRs.This article introduces and assesses an automatic method to detect videos with strong PSI potential.Design/methodology/approach:Strong semi-PSIs were hypothesized to occur when commenters used a variant of the pronoun“you”,typically addressing the influencer.Comments on the videos of UK female influencer channels were used to test whether the proportion of you pronoun comments could be an automated indicator of strong PSI potential,and to find factors associating with the strong PSI potential of influencer videos.The highest and lowest strong PSI potential videos for 117 influencers were classified with content analysis for strong PSI potential and evidence of factors that might elicit PSIs.Findings:The you pronoun proportion was effective at indicating video strong PSI potential,the first automated method to detect any type of PSI.Gazing at the camera,head and shoulders framing,discussing personal issues,and focusing on the influencer associated with higher strong PSI potential for influencer videos.New social media factors found include requesting feedback and discussing the channel itself.Research limitations:Only one country,genre and social media platform was analysed.Practical implications:The method can be used to automatically detect YouTube videos with strong PSI potential,helping influencers to monitor their performance.Originality/value:This is the first automatic method to detect any aspect of PSI or PSR.展开更多
Investments in the exploitation of the continent’s raw material reserves have resulted in little (positive) impact on the energy security situation within Africa. This paper attempts to explore factors influencing th...Investments in the exploitation of the continent’s raw material reserves have resulted in little (positive) impact on the energy security situation within Africa. This paper attempts to explore factors influencing the level of energy security of Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana, and from the dimension of availability, affordability, economic efficiency and environmental stewardship or sustainability of energy. The cross-sectional survey design was employed as the design for the collection and analysis of data. The study applied a quantitative research method in examining the indicators of energy security for SMEs in Accra Metropolis in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. The population covered about 500 SMEs who have about 100 employees and total revenue of $1 million or the equivalence in Ghana Cedis. A sample of 246 was selected through a cluster and simple random sampling. The analysis adopted statistical techniques to conduct descriptive, exploratory and inferential analysis of the data collected. Factors that influence the level of energy security of SMEs are broadly categorized into the environment and economic change, political factors, physical disruptions and market conditions. Ge- nerally, the level of energy security under the availability dimension is medium among the SMEs. Issues of affordability, economic efficiency and environmental stewardship provide high medium interventions on energy security for SMEs. It is recommended that managers of Ghana’s energy sector should ensure prudent management of the country’s energy resources since the disruption of supply lines or sources form the key conditions that influence the energy security level of SMEs. SMEs should adopt energy efficiency measures to ensure that energy is conserved for future use.展开更多
Drawing on the insights from multimodal critical discourse analysis,this study mainly focuses on two super-gerontic celebrities by selecting 60 videos to elucidate how their images are represented through linguistic(e...Drawing on the insights from multimodal critical discourse analysis,this study mainly focuses on two super-gerontic celebrities by selecting 60 videos to elucidate how their images are represented through linguistic(e.g.,captions,and hashtags)and other semiotic resources(e.g.,accessories,semiotic tools,and etc.).The findings suggest that images of the old celebrities are characterized as being attractive,wise,stylish,healthy and young,indicating that they are breaking up the stereotypical images of old people who are unattractive,dependent and senile.The phenomenon of old influencers making themselves visible on the social media suggests that they are moving towards successful aging with the backdrop of aging society in China.This present study suggests that multimodal construction of old celebrities can inform relevant practice to combat ageism in the media and helps to empower the old people in the media discourse.In doing so,the pedagogical implication of present study lies in its education about how we view aging in the aging society.展开更多
BACKGROUND Social media has been credited with the potential to transform medicine,and Twitter was recently named“an essential tool”for the academic surgeon.Despite this,peer-to-peer and educational influence on soc...BACKGROUND Social media has been credited with the potential to transform medicine,and Twitter was recently named“an essential tool”for the academic surgeon.Despite this,peer-to-peer and educational influence on social media has not been studied within orthopaedic surgery.This knowledge is important to identify who is controlling the conversation about orthopaedics to the public.We hypothesized that the plurality of top influencers would be sports medicine surgeons,that social media influence would not be disconnected from academic productivity,and that some of the top social media influencers in orthopaedic surgery would not be orthopaedic surgeons.AIM To identify the top 100 social media influencers within orthopaedics,characterize who they are,and relate their social media influence to academic influence.METHODS Twitter influence scores for the topic“orthopaedics”were collected in July 2018 using Right Relevance software.The accounts with the top influence scores were linked to individual names,and the account owners were characterized with respect to specialty,subspecialty,practice setting,location,board certification,and academic Hirsch index(h-index).RESULTS Seventy-eight percent of top influencers were orthopaedic surgeons.The most common locations included California(13%),Florida(8%),New York(7%),United Kingdom(7%),Colorado(6%),and Minnesota(6%).The mean academic h-index of the top influencers(n=79)was 13.67±4.12(mean±95%CI)and median 7(range 1-89)(median reported h-index of academic orthopaedic faculty is 5 and orthopaedic chairpersons is 13).Of the 78 orthopaedic surgeons,the most common subspecialties were sports medicine(54%),hand and upper extremity(18%),and spine(8%).Most influencers worked in private practice(53%),followed by academics(17%),privademics(14%),and hospital-based(9%).All eligible orthopaedic surgeons with publicly-verifiable board certification statuses were board-certified(n=74).CONCLUSION The top orthopaedic social media influencers on Twitter were predominantly board-certified,sports-medicine subspecialists working in private practice in the United States.Social media influence was highly concordant with academic productivity as measured by the academic h-index.Though the majority of influencers are orthopaedic surgeons,22%of top influencers on Twitter are not,which is important to identify given the potential for these individuals to influence patients’perceptions and expectations.This study also provides the top influencer network for other orthopaedic surgeons to engage with on social media to improve their own social media influence.展开更多
In this research,we aim to identify and investigate the impacts of key influencers on community formations and developments.We assess the impacts of key influencers by analyzing the activities and structure of the soc...In this research,we aim to identify and investigate the impacts of key influencers on community formations and developments.We assess the impacts of key influencers by analyzing the activities and structure of the social media presence of a local community.Results of our analysis show that key influencers play important roles in connecting the community,transferring information,and improving overall sentiment of the community members.Our findings suggest that community practitioners can apply social network analysis to identify value-added influencers and discover strategies for improving the community and keeping leadership roles.展开更多
Jill Chcn Poun Joc,a videographer of half-Chinese descent from Suriname,visited China for the first time this May with her father and aunt.She traveled to Beijing,Zhangjiajie in Hunan Province,Yangzhou in Jiangsu Prov...Jill Chcn Poun Joc,a videographer of half-Chinese descent from Suriname,visited China for the first time this May with her father and aunt.She traveled to Beijing,Zhangjiajie in Hunan Province,Yangzhou in Jiangsu Province,Shenzhen in Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,where part of her family still resides.展开更多
As more Chinese women turn to influencers like Li Dan for guidance,concerns about their expertise and commercial motivations are becoming hard to ignore.Since last July,Li Dan,a former comedian turned livestreamer,has...As more Chinese women turn to influencers like Li Dan for guidance,concerns about their expertise and commercial motivations are becoming hard to ignore.Since last July,Li Dan,a former comedian turned livestreamer,has taken on the role of China’s quirkiest agony uncle five hours at a time,lounging in front of the camera in a T-shirt or pajamas and snacking his way through tales of heartbreak.Whether it’s a desperate plea to win back an ex or fiery rants about cheating partners,Li reads these anonymous yet intimate moments of life with a mix of empathy and deadpan humor to his 2.2 million followers,over 80 percent of them women,on the lifestyle platform Xiaohongshu.All the while,purchase links for his snacks flash on the corner of the screen.展开更多
To investigate the influence of coarse aggregate parent rock properties on the elastic modulus of concrete,the mineralogical properties and stress-strain curves of granite and dolomite parent rocks,as well as the stre...To investigate the influence of coarse aggregate parent rock properties on the elastic modulus of concrete,the mineralogical properties and stress-strain curves of granite and dolomite parent rocks,as well as the strength and elastic modulus of mortar and concrete prepared with mechanism aggregates of the corresponding lithology,and the stress-strain curves of concrete were investigated.In this paper,a coarse aggregate and mortar matrix bonding assumption is proposed,and a prediction model for the elastic modulus of mortar is established by considering the lithology of the mechanism sand and the slurry components.An equivalent coarse aggregate elastic modulus model was established by considering factors such as coarse aggregate particle size,volume fraction,and mortar thickness between coarse aggregates.Based on the elastic modulus of the equivalent coarse aggregate and the remaining mortar,a prediction model for the elastic modulus of the two and three components of concrete in series and then in parallel was established,and the predicted values differed from the measured values within 10%.It is proposed that the coarse aggregate elastic modulus in highstrength concrete is the most critical factor affecting the elastic modulus of concrete,and as the coarse aggregate elastic modulus increases by 27.7%,the concrete elastic modulus increases by 19.5%.展开更多
This paper provides a systematic review of the histochemical localization,content characteristics,and influencing factors of saponins in Pseudostellaria heterophylla based on an extensive literature survey.It provides...This paper provides a systematic review of the histochemical localization,content characteristics,and influencing factors of saponins in Pseudostellaria heterophylla based on an extensive literature survey.It provides an in-depth analysis and summary of the effects of biological factors,environmental conditions,agronomic practices,processing methods,and continuous cropping obstacles on the synthesis of P.heterophylla saponins,as well as their underlying mechanisms.Based on identified gaps in the current literature,future research directions and prospects are proposed.The findings of this review offer valuable insights for advancing the understanding of the saponin biosynthesis mechanisms in P.heterophylla and for enhancing its quality.展开更多
BACKGROUND Lumbar interbody fusion(LIF)is the primary treatment for lumbar degenerative diseases.Elderly patients are prone to anxiety and depression after undergoing surgery,which affects their postoperative recovery...BACKGROUND Lumbar interbody fusion(LIF)is the primary treatment for lumbar degenerative diseases.Elderly patients are prone to anxiety and depression after undergoing surgery,which affects their postoperative recovery speed and quality of life.Effective prevention of anxiety and depression in elderly patients has become an urgent problem.AIM To investigate the trajectory of anxiety and depression levels in elderly patients after LIF,and the influencing factors.METHODS Random sampling was used to select 239 elderly patients who underwent LIF from January 2020 to December 2024 in Shenzhen Pingle Orthopedic Hospital.General information and surgery-related indices were recorded,and participants completed measures of psychological status,lumbar spine dysfunction,and quality of life.A latent class growth model was used to analyze the post-LIF trajectory of anxiety and depression levels,and unordered multi-categorical logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors.RESULTS Three trajectories of change in anxiety level were identified:Increasing anxiety(n=26,10.88%),decreasing anxiety(n=27,11.30%),and stable anxiety(n=186,77.82%).Likewise,three trajectories of change in depression level were identified:Increasing depression(n=30,12.55%),decreasing depression(n=26,10.88%),and stable depression(n=183,76.57%).Regression analysis showed that having no partner,female sex,elevated Oswestry dysfunction index(ODI)scores,and reduced 36-Item Short Form Health Survey scores all contributed to increased anxiety levels,whereas female sex,postoperative opioid use,and elevated ODI scores all contributed to increased depression levels.CONCLUSION During clinical observation,combining factors to predict anxiety and depression in post-LIF elderly patients enables timely intervention,quickens recovery,and enhances quality of life.展开更多
The penetration of shaped charge jets into targets at high velocities is significantly influenced by the compressibility effect,while at low velocities,the strength effect becomes predominant.In the latter regime,mate...The penetration of shaped charge jets into targets at high velocities is significantly influenced by the compressibility effect,while at low velocities,the strength effect becomes predominant.In the latter regime,material strength dictates the resistance to plastic deformation and flow,a contrast to the shockwave-dominated interactions where compressibility is key.This paper presents a self-consistent compressible penetration theory that considers both the axial penetration and radial crater growth of shaped charge jets into targets.An integrated approach where the axial and radial dynamics are coupled has been proposed,influencing each other through shared physical principles rather than being treated as separate,empirically linked phenomena.The presented theory is rooted in the compressible Bernoulli equation and the linear Rankine-Hugoniot relation.These foundational equations are employed to accurately model the high-pressure shock state and subsequent material flow at the jet-target interface,providing a robust physical basis for the penetration model.Notably,it considers the target material's compressibility,which elevates the pressure at the jet-target interface beyond that observed with incompressible materials.This pressure increase is directly proportional to the target's degree of compressibility.As such,this model of compressible penetration reorients the analytical approach:rather than merely estimating penetration resistance,it determines this value from the target material's specific compressibility and yield strength.This shift from empirical correlations to a physics-based derivation of penetration resistance enhances the model's predictive power,particularly for novel target materials or engagement conditions outside established experimental datasets.This investigation establishes a quantitative link between the material's yield strength and its penetration resistance.The accuracy of this penetration resistance value is paramount,as it significantly influences the predicted crater diameter;indeed,the crater diameter's sensitivity to this resistance underscores the necessity for its precise determination.Ultimately,by integrating the yield strength of the target material,this framework enables the prediction of both the penetration depth and the resultant crater diameter from a shaped charge jet.The theory's validation involved two experimental sets:the first focused on shaped charge jet penetration into 45#steel at varied stand-offs,while the second utilized targets of high-to ultrahigh-strength steel-fiber reactive powder concrete(RPC)with differing strength characteristics.These experimental campaigns were specifically chosen to test the theory against both ductile metallic alloys,where plastic flow is significant,and advanced quasi-brittle cementitious composites,presenting a broad spectrum of material responses and penetration challenges.Resulting hole profiles derived from theoretical calculations demonstrated a strong correspondence with empirical measurements for both material types.展开更多
Microbial contamination and the resulting corrosion in aircraft fuel system pose a serious threat to flight safety.Revealing the corrosion behavior and mechanism of fuel-degrading microorganisms on tank materials is c...Microbial contamination and the resulting corrosion in aircraft fuel system pose a serious threat to flight safety.Revealing the corrosion behavior and mechanism of fuel-degrading microorganisms on tank materials is crucial for developing effective mitigation strategies.In this study,the corrosion mechanisms of two representative hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria,Alcanivorax dieselolei and Microbacterium oxydans,toward AA7075 aluminum alloy,were systematically investigated.A combination of biofilm characterization,electrochemical testing,and surface/corrosion product characterization was employed.Both strains markedly accelerated the corrosion of AA7075,as evidence by the progressive decrease in polarization resistance and the pronounced rightward shift of the potentiodynamic polarization curves.Moreover,the difference between the pitting potential(E_(pit))and the corrosion potential(E_(corr))(ΔE=E_(pit)‒E_(corr))decreased due to microbial activities,indicating a pronounced tendency toward accelerated pitting corrosion.Corrosion morphology analysis revealed that both microbes promoted localized pitting corrosion.Furthermore,analysis of aviation kerosene composition indicated that both bacteria accelerated the degradation of C8 and C9 alkanes.These findings highlight the multiple threats of microbial contamination,material degradation,and fuel quality deterioration in fuel systems and underscore the need for targeted protection strategies for marine aviation operations.展开更多
Central Asia is characterized by an arid climate and widespread desert distribution,with its sustainable development severely constrained by dust events.An objective understanding of the spatiotemporal patterns and dr...Central Asia is characterized by an arid climate and widespread desert distribution,with its sustainable development severely constrained by dust events.An objective understanding of the spatiotemporal patterns and driving forces of dust weather is highly important in this area.Based on the meteorological observations from 2000 to 2020,we examined the spatiotemporal characteristics of dust weather in the five Central Asian countries(Kazakhstan,Uzbekistan,Kyrgyzstan,Turkmenistan,and Tajikistan)via Theil-Sen trend analysis and Geodetector modeling method,quantitatively revealing the influence of environmental factors,such as temperature,precipitation,and vegetation,on the frequency of dust weather.The results showed that:(1)dust weather in Central Asia was mainly distributed in a large''dust belt''extending from west to east from northern part of the Caspian lowland desert,and concentrated in basins,plains,and other low-altitude areas.Strong dust weather mainly occurred in northern areas of the Aral Sea and southern edge of Central Asia,with a maximum annual frequency of 21.9%;(2)strong dust weather in Central Asia has fluctuated and slightly decreased since 2001.The highest frequency(1.1%)occurred in spring(from March to June);(3)from 2000 to 2020,changes such as spot shifting and shrinking occurred in the four main source areas(north of the Aral Sea,Kyzylkum Desert,Karakum Desert,and Garabogazköl Bay region),where sandstorms occurred in Central Asia,and northern Caspian lowland desert became the most important low-emission dust source in Central Asia;and(4)the combined effect of soil moisture and air temperature has the most significant influence on dust weather in Central Asia.This study provides a theoretical basis for sand prevention and sand control in Central Asia.In the future,Central Asia should focus on the rational utilization of land and water resources,and implement human interventions such as vegetation restoration and optimization of irrigation methods to curb further desertification in this area.展开更多
A Dutch-born video creator uses his influential social media presence to share authentic stories of Chinese life with European audiences.SANDER Kole,a video creator born in the Netherlands,has become a superstar influ...A Dutch-born video creator uses his influential social media presence to share authentic stories of Chinese life with European audiences.SANDER Kole,a video creator born in the Netherlands,has become a superstar influencer on social media,connecting Chinese and European cultures.With almost 20 million followers on platforms like TikTok,YouTube,Douyin,Xiaohongshu,and WeChat,he uses short videos to show European audiences real life stories in China.展开更多
Background:The trajectory of intrinsic capacity(IC)among the older population is characterized by its diversity and is predictive of adverse health outcomes such as disability,nursing home admission,decline in quality...Background:The trajectory of intrinsic capacity(IC)among the older population is characterized by its diversity and is predictive of adverse health outcomes such as disability,nursing home admission,decline in quality of life,and mortality.Gaining an understanding of the trajectory of IC and the factors that influence it is of paramount importance for fostering healthy aging.This research is focused on exploring the trajectory of IC among older adults in China and examining the factors that influence it.Methods:This observational longitudinal cohort study leveraged data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS),which was conducted in the years 2011,2013,and 2015.For the purpose of this analysis,a total of 2,233 participants who were aged 60 and over were included.A Growth Mixture Model(GMM)was utilized to define trajectory categories for IC.Influential factors were ascertained based on the health ecology model,and binary logistic regression analysis was utilized to investigate the factors linked with the different trajectory categories.Results:Two distinct trajectory classes of IC were identified:Class 1,the normal-stable group,encompassed 90.4%of the elderly population,while Class 2,the declining group,made up 9.6%.Advanced age and a history of stroke were found to be significantly associated with Class 2.High scores in activities of daily living(ADL),employment status,receiving primary or junior high school education,and residence in the East or Central regions of China were significantly linked with Class 1.Conclusion:The trajectory of IC among older Chinese adults is marked by its heterogeneity.Advanced age and a history of stroke are significant risk factors for a declining IC trajectory,while higher ADL scores,being employed,receiving primary or junior high school education,and residing in the East or Central regions of China are protective factors associated with a stable IC trajectory.Healthcare institutions must closely monitor IC levels and understand these trajectory patterns to implement personalized and targeted interventions promptly to maintain IC at a healthy level and advocate for healthy aging.展开更多
Tuberculosis(TB),one of the oldest infectious diseases caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis,poses a considerable challenge to global public health.There are approximately 10 million new TB cases worldwide annually,and...Tuberculosis(TB),one of the oldest infectious diseases caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis,poses a considerable challenge to global public health.There are approximately 10 million new TB cases worldwide annually,and TB claims the lives of nearly 3 million people each year,making it one of the leading causes of death from a single infectious disease[1].China ranks third globally in terms of TB burden,with approximately 733,000 TB cases reported in 2023[2].Based on the ecological model of health determinants developed by Whitehead and Dahlgren,health determinants can be classified into direct causes.展开更多
To investigate the impact of temporary structures on the mechanical behavior of shaped bridge towers during the construction process,the Dianbu River Special Bridge was selected as the engineering background.A finite ...To investigate the impact of temporary structures on the mechanical behavior of shaped bridge towers during the construction process,the Dianbu River Special Bridge was selected as the engineering background.A finite element model of the middle tower column during the construction stage was established using ABAQUS to analyze the effects of key parameters,including the angle and pretension of temporary cables,as well as the wall thickness and diameter of temporary diagonal braces.The study examines how these parameters influence the stresses at the towergirder consolidation.The results indicate that the angle of temporary cables significantly affects the tensile stresses at the tower-girder consolidation,while its impact on compressive stresses is minimal.Among all parameters,the pretension of temporary cables has the most pronounced effect on the stresses at the tower-girder consolidation.In contrast,the wall thickness of temporary diagonal braces has only a minor influence,whereas the diameter of temporary diagonal braces has an almost negligible impact.These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing the design and arrangement of temporary support structures in similar bridge construction projects.展开更多
When Ji Jin flew into Italy in March,it was the height of the novel coronavirus disease(COVID-19)epidemic there and her work meant direct exposure to high risk.She was an interpreter for the Chinese medical team that ...When Ji Jin flew into Italy in March,it was the height of the novel coronavirus disease(COVID-19)epidemic there and her work meant direct exposure to high risk.She was an interpreter for the Chinese medical team that had been sent to work with Italian doctors on COVID-19 prevention and control.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61673150 and 11622538)Special Project for the Central Guidance on Local Science and Technology Development of Sichuan Province,China(Project No.2021ZYD0029)。
文摘In real-world networks,there usually exist a small set of nodes that play an important role in the structure and function of networks.Those vital nodes can influence most of other nodes in the network via a spreading process.While most of the existing works focused on vital nodes that can maximize the spreading size in the final stage,which we call final influencers,recent work proposed the idea of fast influencers,which emphasizes nodes’spreading capacity at the early stage.Despite the recent surge of efforts in identifying these two types of influencers in networks,there remained limited research on untangling the differences between the fast influencers and final influencers.In this paper,we firstly distinguish the two types of influencers:fast-only influencers and final-only influencers.The former is defined as individuals who can achieve a high spreading effect at the early stage but lose their superiority in the final stage,and the latter are those individuals that fail to exhibit a prominent spreading performance at the early stage but influence a large fraction of nodes at the final stage.Further experiments are based on eight empirical datasets,and we reveal the key differences between the two types of influencers concerning their spreading capacity and the local structures.We also analyze how network degree assortativity influences the fraction of the proposed two types of influencers.The results demonstrate that with the increase of degree assortativity,the fraction of the fast-only influencers decreases,which indicates that more fast influencers tend to keep their superiority at the final stage.Our study provides insights into the differences and evolution of different types of influencers and has important implications for various empirical applications,such as advertisement marketing and epidemic suppressing.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants No. 60933005, No. 91124002under Grants No. 012505, No. 2011AA010702, No. 2012AA01A401, No. 2012AA01A402 (863 program)+1 种基金under Grant No.2011A010 (242)NSTM under Grants No.2012BAH38B04, No.2012BAH38B06
文摘In micro-blogging contexts such as Twitter,the number of content producers can easily reach tens of thousands,and many users can participate in discussion of any given topic.While many users can introduce diversity,as not all users are equally influential,it makes it challenging to identify the true influencers,who are generally rated as being interesting and authoritative on a given topic.In this study,the influence of users is measured by performing random walks of the multi-relational data in micro-blogging:retweet,reply,reintroduce,and read.Due to the uncertainty of the reintroduce and read operations,a new method is proposed to determine the transition probabilities of uncertain relational networks.Moreover,we propose a method for performing the combined random walks for the multi-relational influence network,considering both the transition probabilities for intra-and inter-networking.Experiments were conducted on a real Twitter dataset containing about 260 000 users and 2.7million tweets,and the results show that our method is more effective than TwitterRank and other methods used to discover influencers.
文摘Purpose:Performers may generate loyalty partly through eliciting illusory personal connections with their audience,parasocial relationships(PSRs),and individual illusory exchanges,parasocial interactions(PSIs).On social media,semi-PSIs are real but imbalanced exchanges with audiences,including through comments on influencers’videos,and strong semi-PSIs are those that occur within PSRs.This article introduces and assesses an automatic method to detect videos with strong PSI potential.Design/methodology/approach:Strong semi-PSIs were hypothesized to occur when commenters used a variant of the pronoun“you”,typically addressing the influencer.Comments on the videos of UK female influencer channels were used to test whether the proportion of you pronoun comments could be an automated indicator of strong PSI potential,and to find factors associating with the strong PSI potential of influencer videos.The highest and lowest strong PSI potential videos for 117 influencers were classified with content analysis for strong PSI potential and evidence of factors that might elicit PSIs.Findings:The you pronoun proportion was effective at indicating video strong PSI potential,the first automated method to detect any type of PSI.Gazing at the camera,head and shoulders framing,discussing personal issues,and focusing on the influencer associated with higher strong PSI potential for influencer videos.New social media factors found include requesting feedback and discussing the channel itself.Research limitations:Only one country,genre and social media platform was analysed.Practical implications:The method can be used to automatically detect YouTube videos with strong PSI potential,helping influencers to monitor their performance.Originality/value:This is the first automatic method to detect any aspect of PSI or PSR.
文摘Investments in the exploitation of the continent’s raw material reserves have resulted in little (positive) impact on the energy security situation within Africa. This paper attempts to explore factors influencing the level of energy security of Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana, and from the dimension of availability, affordability, economic efficiency and environmental stewardship or sustainability of energy. The cross-sectional survey design was employed as the design for the collection and analysis of data. The study applied a quantitative research method in examining the indicators of energy security for SMEs in Accra Metropolis in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. The population covered about 500 SMEs who have about 100 employees and total revenue of $1 million or the equivalence in Ghana Cedis. A sample of 246 was selected through a cluster and simple random sampling. The analysis adopted statistical techniques to conduct descriptive, exploratory and inferential analysis of the data collected. Factors that influence the level of energy security of SMEs are broadly categorized into the environment and economic change, political factors, physical disruptions and market conditions. Ge- nerally, the level of energy security under the availability dimension is medium among the SMEs. Issues of affordability, economic efficiency and environmental stewardship provide high medium interventions on energy security for SMEs. It is recommended that managers of Ghana’s energy sector should ensure prudent management of the country’s energy resources since the disruption of supply lines or sources form the key conditions that influence the energy security level of SMEs. SMEs should adopt energy efficiency measures to ensure that energy is conserved for future use.
文摘Drawing on the insights from multimodal critical discourse analysis,this study mainly focuses on two super-gerontic celebrities by selecting 60 videos to elucidate how their images are represented through linguistic(e.g.,captions,and hashtags)and other semiotic resources(e.g.,accessories,semiotic tools,and etc.).The findings suggest that images of the old celebrities are characterized as being attractive,wise,stylish,healthy and young,indicating that they are breaking up the stereotypical images of old people who are unattractive,dependent and senile.The phenomenon of old influencers making themselves visible on the social media suggests that they are moving towards successful aging with the backdrop of aging society in China.This present study suggests that multimodal construction of old celebrities can inform relevant practice to combat ageism in the media and helps to empower the old people in the media discourse.In doing so,the pedagogical implication of present study lies in its education about how we view aging in the aging society.
文摘BACKGROUND Social media has been credited with the potential to transform medicine,and Twitter was recently named“an essential tool”for the academic surgeon.Despite this,peer-to-peer and educational influence on social media has not been studied within orthopaedic surgery.This knowledge is important to identify who is controlling the conversation about orthopaedics to the public.We hypothesized that the plurality of top influencers would be sports medicine surgeons,that social media influence would not be disconnected from academic productivity,and that some of the top social media influencers in orthopaedic surgery would not be orthopaedic surgeons.AIM To identify the top 100 social media influencers within orthopaedics,characterize who they are,and relate their social media influence to academic influence.METHODS Twitter influence scores for the topic“orthopaedics”were collected in July 2018 using Right Relevance software.The accounts with the top influence scores were linked to individual names,and the account owners were characterized with respect to specialty,subspecialty,practice setting,location,board certification,and academic Hirsch index(h-index).RESULTS Seventy-eight percent of top influencers were orthopaedic surgeons.The most common locations included California(13%),Florida(8%),New York(7%),United Kingdom(7%),Colorado(6%),and Minnesota(6%).The mean academic h-index of the top influencers(n=79)was 13.67±4.12(mean±95%CI)and median 7(range 1-89)(median reported h-index of academic orthopaedic faculty is 5 and orthopaedic chairpersons is 13).Of the 78 orthopaedic surgeons,the most common subspecialties were sports medicine(54%),hand and upper extremity(18%),and spine(8%).Most influencers worked in private practice(53%),followed by academics(17%),privademics(14%),and hospital-based(9%).All eligible orthopaedic surgeons with publicly-verifiable board certification statuses were board-certified(n=74).CONCLUSION The top orthopaedic social media influencers on Twitter were predominantly board-certified,sports-medicine subspecialists working in private practice in the United States.Social media influence was highly concordant with academic productivity as measured by the academic h-index.Though the majority of influencers are orthopaedic surgeons,22%of top influencers on Twitter are not,which is important to identify given the potential for these individuals to influence patients’perceptions and expectations.This study also provides the top influencer network for other orthopaedic surgeons to engage with on social media to improve their own social media influence.
文摘In this research,we aim to identify and investigate the impacts of key influencers on community formations and developments.We assess the impacts of key influencers by analyzing the activities and structure of the social media presence of a local community.Results of our analysis show that key influencers play important roles in connecting the community,transferring information,and improving overall sentiment of the community members.Our findings suggest that community practitioners can apply social network analysis to identify value-added influencers and discover strategies for improving the community and keeping leadership roles.
文摘Jill Chcn Poun Joc,a videographer of half-Chinese descent from Suriname,visited China for the first time this May with her father and aunt.She traveled to Beijing,Zhangjiajie in Hunan Province,Yangzhou in Jiangsu Province,Shenzhen in Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,where part of her family still resides.
文摘As more Chinese women turn to influencers like Li Dan for guidance,concerns about their expertise and commercial motivations are becoming hard to ignore.Since last July,Li Dan,a former comedian turned livestreamer,has taken on the role of China’s quirkiest agony uncle five hours at a time,lounging in front of the camera in a T-shirt or pajamas and snacking his way through tales of heartbreak.Whether it’s a desperate plea to win back an ex or fiery rants about cheating partners,Li reads these anonymous yet intimate moments of life with a mix of empathy and deadpan humor to his 2.2 million followers,over 80 percent of them women,on the lifestyle platform Xiaohongshu.All the while,purchase links for his snacks flash on the corner of the screen.
基金Funded by State Railway Administration Research Project(No.2023JS007)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52438002)+1 种基金Research and Development Programs for Science and Technology of China Railways Corporation(No.J2023G003)New Cornerstone Science Foundation through the XPLORER PRIZE。
文摘To investigate the influence of coarse aggregate parent rock properties on the elastic modulus of concrete,the mineralogical properties and stress-strain curves of granite and dolomite parent rocks,as well as the strength and elastic modulus of mortar and concrete prepared with mechanism aggregates of the corresponding lithology,and the stress-strain curves of concrete were investigated.In this paper,a coarse aggregate and mortar matrix bonding assumption is proposed,and a prediction model for the elastic modulus of mortar is established by considering the lithology of the mechanism sand and the slurry components.An equivalent coarse aggregate elastic modulus model was established by considering factors such as coarse aggregate particle size,volume fraction,and mortar thickness between coarse aggregates.Based on the elastic modulus of the equivalent coarse aggregate and the remaining mortar,a prediction model for the elastic modulus of the two and three components of concrete in series and then in parallel was established,and the predicted values differed from the measured values within 10%.It is proposed that the coarse aggregate elastic modulus in highstrength concrete is the most critical factor affecting the elastic modulus of concrete,and as the coarse aggregate elastic modulus increases by 27.7%,the concrete elastic modulus increases by 19.5%.
基金Supported by Open Fund Project of the Engineering Technology Research Center of Characteristic Medicinal Plants of Fujian(PP202003).
文摘This paper provides a systematic review of the histochemical localization,content characteristics,and influencing factors of saponins in Pseudostellaria heterophylla based on an extensive literature survey.It provides an in-depth analysis and summary of the effects of biological factors,environmental conditions,agronomic practices,processing methods,and continuous cropping obstacles on the synthesis of P.heterophylla saponins,as well as their underlying mechanisms.Based on identified gaps in the current literature,future research directions and prospects are proposed.The findings of this review offer valuable insights for advancing the understanding of the saponin biosynthesis mechanisms in P.heterophylla and for enhancing its quality.
基金Supported by the Scientific Research Projects of the Health System in Pingshan District,No.2023122.
文摘BACKGROUND Lumbar interbody fusion(LIF)is the primary treatment for lumbar degenerative diseases.Elderly patients are prone to anxiety and depression after undergoing surgery,which affects their postoperative recovery speed and quality of life.Effective prevention of anxiety and depression in elderly patients has become an urgent problem.AIM To investigate the trajectory of anxiety and depression levels in elderly patients after LIF,and the influencing factors.METHODS Random sampling was used to select 239 elderly patients who underwent LIF from January 2020 to December 2024 in Shenzhen Pingle Orthopedic Hospital.General information and surgery-related indices were recorded,and participants completed measures of psychological status,lumbar spine dysfunction,and quality of life.A latent class growth model was used to analyze the post-LIF trajectory of anxiety and depression levels,and unordered multi-categorical logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors.RESULTS Three trajectories of change in anxiety level were identified:Increasing anxiety(n=26,10.88%),decreasing anxiety(n=27,11.30%),and stable anxiety(n=186,77.82%).Likewise,three trajectories of change in depression level were identified:Increasing depression(n=30,12.55%),decreasing depression(n=26,10.88%),and stable depression(n=183,76.57%).Regression analysis showed that having no partner,female sex,elevated Oswestry dysfunction index(ODI)scores,and reduced 36-Item Short Form Health Survey scores all contributed to increased anxiety levels,whereas female sex,postoperative opioid use,and elevated ODI scores all contributed to increased depression levels.CONCLUSION During clinical observation,combining factors to predict anxiety and depression in post-LIF elderly patients enables timely intervention,quickens recovery,and enhances quality of life.
基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Nanjing University of Science and Technology(CN)under Grant No.30924010803。
文摘The penetration of shaped charge jets into targets at high velocities is significantly influenced by the compressibility effect,while at low velocities,the strength effect becomes predominant.In the latter regime,material strength dictates the resistance to plastic deformation and flow,a contrast to the shockwave-dominated interactions where compressibility is key.This paper presents a self-consistent compressible penetration theory that considers both the axial penetration and radial crater growth of shaped charge jets into targets.An integrated approach where the axial and radial dynamics are coupled has been proposed,influencing each other through shared physical principles rather than being treated as separate,empirically linked phenomena.The presented theory is rooted in the compressible Bernoulli equation and the linear Rankine-Hugoniot relation.These foundational equations are employed to accurately model the high-pressure shock state and subsequent material flow at the jet-target interface,providing a robust physical basis for the penetration model.Notably,it considers the target material's compressibility,which elevates the pressure at the jet-target interface beyond that observed with incompressible materials.This pressure increase is directly proportional to the target's degree of compressibility.As such,this model of compressible penetration reorients the analytical approach:rather than merely estimating penetration resistance,it determines this value from the target material's specific compressibility and yield strength.This shift from empirical correlations to a physics-based derivation of penetration resistance enhances the model's predictive power,particularly for novel target materials or engagement conditions outside established experimental datasets.This investigation establishes a quantitative link between the material's yield strength and its penetration resistance.The accuracy of this penetration resistance value is paramount,as it significantly influences the predicted crater diameter;indeed,the crater diameter's sensitivity to this resistance underscores the necessity for its precise determination.Ultimately,by integrating the yield strength of the target material,this framework enables the prediction of both the penetration depth and the resultant crater diameter from a shaped charge jet.The theory's validation involved two experimental sets:the first focused on shaped charge jet penetration into 45#steel at varied stand-offs,while the second utilized targets of high-to ultrahigh-strength steel-fiber reactive powder concrete(RPC)with differing strength characteristics.These experimental campaigns were specifically chosen to test the theory against both ductile metallic alloys,where plastic flow is significant,and advanced quasi-brittle cementitious composites,presenting a broad spectrum of material responses and penetration challenges.Resulting hole profiles derived from theoretical calculations demonstrated a strong correspondence with empirical measurements for both material types.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52371056)the Liaoning Provincial Youth Science Fund Project, China (Category B, No. 2025JH6/101000010)+1 种基金the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation, China (No. 2024A1515240055)funding from the China Scholarship Council
文摘Microbial contamination and the resulting corrosion in aircraft fuel system pose a serious threat to flight safety.Revealing the corrosion behavior and mechanism of fuel-degrading microorganisms on tank materials is crucial for developing effective mitigation strategies.In this study,the corrosion mechanisms of two representative hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria,Alcanivorax dieselolei and Microbacterium oxydans,toward AA7075 aluminum alloy,were systematically investigated.A combination of biofilm characterization,electrochemical testing,and surface/corrosion product characterization was employed.Both strains markedly accelerated the corrosion of AA7075,as evidence by the progressive decrease in polarization resistance and the pronounced rightward shift of the potentiodynamic polarization curves.Moreover,the difference between the pitting potential(E_(pit))and the corrosion potential(E_(corr))(ΔE=E_(pit)‒E_(corr))decreased due to microbial activities,indicating a pronounced tendency toward accelerated pitting corrosion.Corrosion morphology analysis revealed that both microbes promoted localized pitting corrosion.Furthermore,analysis of aviation kerosene composition indicated that both bacteria accelerated the degradation of C8 and C9 alkanes.These findings highlight the multiple threats of microbial contamination,material degradation,and fuel quality deterioration in fuel systems and underscore the need for targeted protection strategies for marine aviation operations.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42571311).
文摘Central Asia is characterized by an arid climate and widespread desert distribution,with its sustainable development severely constrained by dust events.An objective understanding of the spatiotemporal patterns and driving forces of dust weather is highly important in this area.Based on the meteorological observations from 2000 to 2020,we examined the spatiotemporal characteristics of dust weather in the five Central Asian countries(Kazakhstan,Uzbekistan,Kyrgyzstan,Turkmenistan,and Tajikistan)via Theil-Sen trend analysis and Geodetector modeling method,quantitatively revealing the influence of environmental factors,such as temperature,precipitation,and vegetation,on the frequency of dust weather.The results showed that:(1)dust weather in Central Asia was mainly distributed in a large''dust belt''extending from west to east from northern part of the Caspian lowland desert,and concentrated in basins,plains,and other low-altitude areas.Strong dust weather mainly occurred in northern areas of the Aral Sea and southern edge of Central Asia,with a maximum annual frequency of 21.9%;(2)strong dust weather in Central Asia has fluctuated and slightly decreased since 2001.The highest frequency(1.1%)occurred in spring(from March to June);(3)from 2000 to 2020,changes such as spot shifting and shrinking occurred in the four main source areas(north of the Aral Sea,Kyzylkum Desert,Karakum Desert,and Garabogazköl Bay region),where sandstorms occurred in Central Asia,and northern Caspian lowland desert became the most important low-emission dust source in Central Asia;and(4)the combined effect of soil moisture and air temperature has the most significant influence on dust weather in Central Asia.This study provides a theoretical basis for sand prevention and sand control in Central Asia.In the future,Central Asia should focus on the rational utilization of land and water resources,and implement human interventions such as vegetation restoration and optimization of irrigation methods to curb further desertification in this area.
文摘A Dutch-born video creator uses his influential social media presence to share authentic stories of Chinese life with European audiences.SANDER Kole,a video creator born in the Netherlands,has become a superstar influencer on social media,connecting Chinese and European cultures.With almost 20 million followers on platforms like TikTok,YouTube,Douyin,Xiaohongshu,and WeChat,he uses short videos to show European audiences real life stories in China.
基金China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)the 2022-2023 Nursing Research Project of Chinese Medical Association Publishing House(Grant No.CMAPH-NRD2022024)。
文摘Background:The trajectory of intrinsic capacity(IC)among the older population is characterized by its diversity and is predictive of adverse health outcomes such as disability,nursing home admission,decline in quality of life,and mortality.Gaining an understanding of the trajectory of IC and the factors that influence it is of paramount importance for fostering healthy aging.This research is focused on exploring the trajectory of IC among older adults in China and examining the factors that influence it.Methods:This observational longitudinal cohort study leveraged data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS),which was conducted in the years 2011,2013,and 2015.For the purpose of this analysis,a total of 2,233 participants who were aged 60 and over were included.A Growth Mixture Model(GMM)was utilized to define trajectory categories for IC.Influential factors were ascertained based on the health ecology model,and binary logistic regression analysis was utilized to investigate the factors linked with the different trajectory categories.Results:Two distinct trajectory classes of IC were identified:Class 1,the normal-stable group,encompassed 90.4%of the elderly population,while Class 2,the declining group,made up 9.6%.Advanced age and a history of stroke were found to be significantly associated with Class 2.High scores in activities of daily living(ADL),employment status,receiving primary or junior high school education,and residence in the East or Central regions of China were significantly linked with Class 1.Conclusion:The trajectory of IC among older Chinese adults is marked by its heterogeneity.Advanced age and a history of stroke are significant risk factors for a declining IC trajectory,while higher ADL scores,being employed,receiving primary or junior high school education,and residing in the East or Central regions of China are protective factors associated with a stable IC trajectory.Healthcare institutions must closely monitor IC levels and understand these trajectory patterns to implement personalized and targeted interventions promptly to maintain IC at a healthy level and advocate for healthy aging.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82574173,82003516)Jiangsu Provincial Natural Science Foundation(BK20251958)+2 种基金Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Discipline(ZDXK202250)Top Talent Awards Project Fund(RDF-TP-0023,RDF-TP-0030)Postgraduate Research Fund(PGRS2112022)at Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University.
文摘Tuberculosis(TB),one of the oldest infectious diseases caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis,poses a considerable challenge to global public health.There are approximately 10 million new TB cases worldwide annually,and TB claims the lives of nearly 3 million people each year,making it one of the leading causes of death from a single infectious disease[1].China ranks third globally in terms of TB burden,with approximately 733,000 TB cases reported in 2023[2].Based on the ecological model of health determinants developed by Whitehead and Dahlgren,health determinants can be classified into direct causes.
文摘To investigate the impact of temporary structures on the mechanical behavior of shaped bridge towers during the construction process,the Dianbu River Special Bridge was selected as the engineering background.A finite element model of the middle tower column during the construction stage was established using ABAQUS to analyze the effects of key parameters,including the angle and pretension of temporary cables,as well as the wall thickness and diameter of temporary diagonal braces.The study examines how these parameters influence the stresses at the towergirder consolidation.The results indicate that the angle of temporary cables significantly affects the tensile stresses at the tower-girder consolidation,while its impact on compressive stresses is minimal.Among all parameters,the pretension of temporary cables has the most pronounced effect on the stresses at the tower-girder consolidation.In contrast,the wall thickness of temporary diagonal braces has only a minor influence,whereas the diameter of temporary diagonal braces has an almost negligible impact.These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing the design and arrangement of temporary support structures in similar bridge construction projects.
文摘When Ji Jin flew into Italy in March,it was the height of the novel coronavirus disease(COVID-19)epidemic there and her work meant direct exposure to high risk.She was an interpreter for the Chinese medical team that had been sent to work with Italian doctors on COVID-19 prevention and control.
