BACKGROUND Laparoscopic liver resection(LLR)can be challenging due to the difficulty of establishing a retrohepatic tunnel under laparoscopy.Dissecting the third hepatic hilum before parenchymal transection often lead...BACKGROUND Laparoscopic liver resection(LLR)can be challenging due to the difficulty of establishing a retrohepatic tunnel under laparoscopy.Dissecting the third hepatic hilum before parenchymal transection often leads to significant liver mobilization,tumor compression,and bleeding from the short hepatic veins(SHVs).This study introduces a novel technique utilizing the ventral avascular area of the inferior vena cava(IVC),allowing SHVs to be addressed after parenchymal transection,thereby reducing surgical complexity and improving outcomes in in situ LLR.AIM To introduce and evaluate a novel LLR technique using the ventral avascular area of the IVC and compare its short-term outcomes with conventional methods.METHODS The clinical cohort data of patients with pathologically confirmed hepatocellular carcinoma or intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma who underwent conventional LLR and novel LLR between July 2021 and July 2023 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were retrospectively analyzed.In novel LLR,we initially separated the caudate lobe from the IVC using dissecting forceps along the ventral avascular area of the IVC.Then,we transected the parenchyma of the left and right caudate lobes from the caudal side to the cephalic side using the avascular area as a marker.Subsequently,we addressed the SHVs and finally dissected the root of the right hepatic vein or left hepatic vein.The short-term postoperative outcomes and oncological results of the two approaches were evaluated and compared.RESULTS A total of 256 patients were included,with 150(58.59%)undergoing conventional LLR and 106(41.41%)undergoing novel LLR.The novel technique resulted in significantly larger tumor resections(6.47±2.96 cm vs 4.01±2.33 cm,P<0.001),shorter operative times(199.57±60.37 minutes vs 262.33±83.90 minutes,P<0.001),less intraoperative blood loss(206.92±37.09 mL vs 363.34±131.27 mL,P<0.001),and greater resection volume(345.11±31.40 mL vs 264.38±31.98 mL,P<0.001)compared to conventional LLR.CONCLUSION This novel technique enhances liver resection outcomes by reducing intraoperative complications such as bleeding and tumor compression.It facilitates a safer,in situ removal of complex liver tumors,even in challenging anatomical locations.Compared to conventional methods,this technique offers significant advantages,including reduced operative time,blood loss,and improved overall surgical efficiency.展开更多
Inferior grains exhibit delayed developmental processes and reduced metabolic activities compared to superior grains,leading to unstable rice yield and quality.While significant advancements have been achieved in eluc...Inferior grains exhibit delayed developmental processes and reduced metabolic activities compared to superior grains,leading to unstable rice yield and quality.While significant advancements have been achieved in elucidating the physiology of endosperm filling in inferior grains,the role of the embryo remains underexplored and warrants comprehensive investigation.Two Wuyujing 3 mutants,DW024(relatively synchronous;syn-DW024)and DW179(significantly asynchronous;asyn-DW179),with different grain-filling patterns were used in this study.Samples of superior and inferior grains were collected at intervals from 5 to 60 d after fertilization and subsequently dissected into subsamples of the embryo and endosperm.Histochemical staining,biochemical analysis,and RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)were combined to systematically compare developmental and physiological traits between superior and inferior grains.Combining hierarchical clustering of mRNA datasets revealed three developmental phases of the endosperm and embryo:morphogenesis,endosperm filling/embryo enlargement,and maturation.In both syn-DW024 and asyn-DW179,the duration of the endosperm/embryo morphogenesis phase was identical in superior and inferior grains.The inferior grains of asyn-DW179 exhibited a 10-day prolongation in the endosperm filling phase and a 20-day extension in the embryo enlargement phase compared to the superior grains.The endosperm of inferior grains exhibited higher contents of sugars and free amino acids,along with slower accumulation of storage compounds,which was associated with the down-regulation of genes for starch synthesis and ABA signaling.In addition,transporters for nutrient exchanges between endosperm and embryo were down-regulated,suggesting a potential role of the embryo in adjusting the endosperm filling process.Collectively,our results reveal that the prolonged phases of endosperm filling and embryo enlargement may underlie the impaired development of inferior grains,offering a new perspective for breeding or cultivating rice with uniform grain quality.展开更多
BACKGROUND Inferior mesenteric arteriovenous fistula(IMAVF)is an extremely rare condition characterized by abnormal communication between the inferior mesenteric artery and vein.IMAVF often mimics ischemic bowel disea...BACKGROUND Inferior mesenteric arteriovenous fistula(IMAVF)is an extremely rare condition characterized by abnormal communication between the inferior mesenteric artery and vein.IMAVF often mimics ischemic bowel disease and ulcerative colitis(UC),leading to diagnostic challenges and treatment failures.CASE SUMMARY Three consecutive cases presented with non-specific symptoms including perianal pain and bloody diarrhea were reported.Initial diagnosis included acute severe UC and ischemic colitis.Pathology suggested ischemic changes,and with further contrast-enhanced computed tomography together with digital subtraction angiography which confirmed the diagnosis of IMAVF.All three cases were treated by vascular embolization,and symptoms improved rapidly following treatment.CONCLUSION We presented the largest single center IMAVF series with detailed clinical characteristics,facilitating early diagnosis for similar cases in the future.展开更多
BACKGROUND Kidney transplantation is increasingly more common due to the ongoing shortage of deceased donors.However,anatomical challenges,such as a short renal artery,can complicate surgical procedures and increase c...BACKGROUND Kidney transplantation is increasingly more common due to the ongoing shortage of deceased donors.However,anatomical challenges,such as a short renal artery,can complicate surgical procedures and increase complication risk,including thrombosis and anastomotic stenosis.To address these issues and optimize graft outcomes,innovative surgical techniques are essential.CASE SUMMARY We present a case of kidney transplantation complicated by a short donor renal artery.To address the discrepancy between arterial length and diameter mismatch,the recipient’s inferior epigastric artery was used as a cuff interposition for arterial reconstruction.Following standard laparoscopic donor nephrectomy,vascular reconstruction was performed on the back table.The use of the inferior epigastric artery as a cuff allowed for successful elongation and size matching of the donor renal artery,enabling a tension-free anastomosis to the recipient’s external iliac artery.Postoperative Doppler ultrasound and angiography confirmed excellent graft perfusion.The patient experienced an uneventful recovery with immediate graft function and maintained stable renal function at 6 months post-transplant.To our knowledge,this is the first reported use of the inferior epigastric artery as a cuff interposition in renal artery reconstruction,offering a novel and effective technique for managing short renal arteries in kidney transplantation.CONCLUSION Interposition of the epigastric artery offers an innovative technique for managing short donor renal arteries,reducing the risk of early thrombosis and long-term complications as size mismatch and intimal hyperplasia.展开更多
BACKGROUND Inferior vena cava(IVC)leiomyosarcomas are rare and aggressive tumors.Complete cure depends on achieving R0 resection,which often requires circumferential resection and reconstruction.Synthetic grafts have ...BACKGROUND Inferior vena cava(IVC)leiomyosarcomas are rare and aggressive tumors.Complete cure depends on achieving R0 resection,which often requires circumferential resection and reconstruction.Synthetic grafts have traditionally been used when venous continuity must be restored.However,the use of cadaveric IVC grafts for reconstruction has not been widely reported.CASE SUMMARY Herein,we present the case of a 64-year-old woman diagnosed with an intrahepatic IVC leiomyosarcoma with local invasion.The patient responded favorably to chemotherapy and subsequently underwent an en bloc right hepatectomy,retrohepatic IVC resection,and reconstruction with an interpositional cadaveric IVC graft.Serial imaging follow-ups until 2 years after the operation showed persistent patency of the graft and no graft-related complications.CONCLUSION Cadaveric IVC grafts are an alternative to synthetic grafts for reconstruction,with acceptable outcomes.Larger,long-term studies are necessary to validate these findings.展开更多
Case Letter Severe trauma has high morbidity and mortality rates,being the leading cause of death in young adults.Among all traumas,tra ffi c injuries are particularly lethal.^([1-2]) The injury severity score(ISS) ca...Case Letter Severe trauma has high morbidity and mortality rates,being the leading cause of death in young adults.Among all traumas,tra ffi c injuries are particularly lethal.^([1-2]) The injury severity score(ISS) can be used to assess trauma severity,with ISS of<9,9–15,16–24,and≥25 indicating minor,moderate,severe,and critical trauma,respectively.The ISS is correlated with mortality,morbidity,and hospitalization duration after injury.^([3-4]) Here,we report one patient who was admitted to our emergency intensive care unit(EICU) due to traumatic liver rupture and traumatic myocardial infarction complicated with inferior vena cava(IVC) thrombosis.展开更多
BACKGROUND Acute pulmonary thromboembolism is a complication of venous thrombosis.Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO),an effective rescue measure for rapid hemodynamic recovery,can be used in patients for whom t...BACKGROUND Acute pulmonary thromboembolism is a complication of venous thrombosis.Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO),an effective rescue measure for rapid hemodynamic recovery,can be used in patients for whom thrombolysis therapy has failed.CASE SUMMARY This case report describes an extreme rescue process for a patient with a preset inferior vena cava(IVC)filter in a relatively economically underdeveloped area with an insufficient supply of consumables.In an emergency,veno-arterial ECMO was successfully initiated by intubation through the IVC filter to the right atrial opening without displacement of the filter during the entire process.CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that in resource-limited settings,femoral vein cannulation for veno-arterial ECMO is a feasible and safe option for patients with preimplanted IVC filters.展开更多
Current breast reconstruction evaluations mostly focus on static cosmetic analysis as a measure of the clinical outcomes.Moreover,it is essential to consider the dynamic changes in the reconstructed breast alongside a...Current breast reconstruction evaluations mostly focus on static cosmetic analysis as a measure of the clinical outcomes.Moreover,it is essential to consider the dynamic changes in the reconstructed breast alongside assessments of aesthetic symmetry,functional restoration,complication rates,and long-term stability of the reconstruction.This study aimed to assess the mobility of the reconstructed breast following various breast reconstruction techniques,specifically by comparing deep inferior epigastric perforator(DIEP) flaps and pedicled transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous(TRAM) flaps.We conducted a longitudinal case study to investigate the changes in breast movement resulting from different surgical interventions.The comparison showed that DIEP flap reconstruction was more likely to achieve superior breast mobility outcomes than TRAM flap reconstruction.For a better breast aesthetic outcome,it is fundamental to improve the awareness of the dynamic evaluation of the reconstructed breast at the surgical strategy level.展开更多
BACKGROUND Diagnosing posterior inferior cerebellar artery dissection(PICAD)using radio-logical images is challenging.Massive cerebellar infarctions resulting from spon-taneous,isolated PICAD are rare,and the associat...BACKGROUND Diagnosing posterior inferior cerebellar artery dissection(PICAD)using radio-logical images is challenging.Massive cerebellar infarctions resulting from spon-taneous,isolated PICAD are rare,and the associated clinical,imaging,and treat-ment options remain unclear.CASE SUMMARY A 39-year-old man was admitted for dizziness and unstable gait for two days.Ph-ysical examination revealed decreased right-limb muscle strength and right-sided ataxia.Brain magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)showed a massive acute right cerebellar infarction,but other modalities,including head and neck computed tomographic angiography(CTA)and magnetic resonance angiography(MRA),showed no obvious abnormalities.High-resolution vessel wall MRI(HR-VW-MRI)revealed right PICAD.The patient was diagnosed with massive cerebellar infarction caused by PICAD and active conservative treatment was initiated.The initial PICAD lesion disappeared 1.5 months after discharge,after which the patient experienced only slight weakness in his right limb for three months.CONCLUSION Since MRA and CTA may fail to identify PICAD,HR-VW-MRI is key in diagnosis and follow-up evaluation.Aggressive medication may be effective and safe for treating PICAD.展开更多
The development of innovative surgical techniques has been a constant and fundamental aspect in liver transplantation(LT)to address chronic organ shortage.Domino liver transplantation(DLT),initially performed by Furta...The development of innovative surgical techniques has been a constant and fundamental aspect in liver transplantation(LT)to address chronic organ shortage.Domino liver transplantation(DLT),initially performed by Furtado et al.in Lisbon in 1995,is an innovative technique in which a liver from a patient with a metabolic disorder is transplanted into a recipient with end-stage liver disease[1].展开更多
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of robot-assisted percutaneous coronary intervention(R-PCI)compared to traditional manual percutaneous coronary intervention(M-PCI).METHODS This prospective,multicent...OBJECTIVE To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of robot-assisted percutaneous coronary intervention(R-PCI)compared to traditional manual percutaneous coronary intervention(M-PCI).METHODS This prospective,multicenter,randomized controlled,non-inferior clinical trial enrolled patients with coronary heart disease who met the inclusion criteria and had indications for elective percutaneous coronary intervention.Participants were randomly assigned to either the R-PCI group or the M-PCI group.Primary endpoints were clinical and technical success rates.Clinical success was defined as visually estimated residual post-percutaneous coronary intervention stenosis<30% with no 30-day major adverse cardiac events.Technical success in the R-PCI group was defined as successful completion of percutaneous coronary intervention using the ETcath200 robot-assisted system,without conversion to M-PCI in the event of a guidewire or balloon/stent catheter that was unable to cross the vessel or was poorly supported by the catheter.Secondary endpoints included total procedure time,percutaneous coronary intervention procedure time,fluoroscopy time,contrast volume,operator radiation exposure,air kerma,and dose-area product.RESULTS The trial enrolled 152 patients(R-PCI:73 patients,M-PCI:79 patients).Lesions were predominantly B2/C type(73.6%).Both groups achieved 100% clinical success rate.No major adverse cardiac events occurred during the 30-day follow-up.The R-PCI group had a technical success rate of 100%.The R-PCI group had longer total procedure and fluoroscopy times,but lower operator radiation exposure.The percutaneous coronary intervention procedure time,contrast volume,air kerma,and dose-area product were similar between the two groups.CONCLUSIONS For certain complex lesions,performing percutaneous coronary intervention using the ETcath200 robot-assisted system is safe and effective and does not result in conversion to M-PCI.展开更多
BACKGROUND Pedicled abdominal flaps are a widely used surgical technique for forearm reconstruction in patients with soft tissue defects.However,some drawbacks include restricted flap size,partial flap loss,and donor-...BACKGROUND Pedicled abdominal flaps are a widely used surgical technique for forearm reconstruction in patients with soft tissue defects.However,some drawbacks include restricted flap size,partial flap loss,and donor-site morbidity.To address these concerns,we present a case of a pedicled abdominal flap using the deep inferior epigastric artery perforators(DIEP)for forearm reconstruction in a patient with a large soft tissue defect.CASE SUMMARY A 46-year-old male patient was admitted to our hospital with forearm injury caused by a pressing machine.A 15 cm×10 cm soft tissue defect with complete rupture of the ulnar side structures of the forearm was found.One week after orthopedic management of the neurovascular injury and fractures using the first stage of Masquelet technique,the patient was referred to the plastic and recon-structive surgery department for wound coverage.Surgical debridement and negative-pressure wound therapy revealed a 20 cm×15 cm soft tissue defect.A pedicle abdominal flap with the DIEP was used to cover the defect.Three weeks later,the flap was detached from the abdomen,and the abdominal defect was directly closed.Subsequently,the second stage of Masquelet technique was performed at the fracture site at week 10.Finally,all donor and recipient sites healed without complications,such as flap dehiscence,infection,hematoma,or necrosis.Fracture site osteosynthesis was achieved without complications.CONCLUSION Pedicled abdominal flap using the DIEP provides a reliable option for forearm reconstruction in patients with large soft tissue defects.展开更多
The quality upgrading and deashing of inferior coal by chemical method still faces great challenges.The dangers of strong acid,strong alkali,waste water and exhaust gas as well as high cost limit its industrial produc...The quality upgrading and deashing of inferior coal by chemical method still faces great challenges.The dangers of strong acid,strong alkali,waste water and exhaust gas as well as high cost limit its industrial production.This paper systematically investigates the ash reduction and desilicification of two typical inferior coal utilizing ammonium fluoride roasting method.Under the optimal conditions,for fat coal and gas coal,the deashing rates are 69.02%and 54.13%,and the desilicification rates are 92.64%and 90.27%,respectively.The molar dosage of ammonium fluoride remains consistent for both coals;however,the gas coal,characterized by a lower ash and silica content(less than half that of the fat coal),achieves optimum deashing effect at a reduced time and temperature.The majority of silicon in coal transforms into gaseous ammonium fluorosilicate,subsequently preparing nanoscale amorphous silica with a purity of 99.90%through ammonia precipitation.Most of the fluorine in deashed coal are assigned in inorganic minerals,suggesting the possibility of further fluorine and ash removal via flotation.This research provides a green and facile route to deash inferior coal and produce nano-scale white carbon black simultaneously.展开更多
Increased nighttime respiratory losses decrease the amount of photoassimilates available for plant growth and yield. We hypothesized that the increased respiratory carbon loss under high night temperatures(HNT) could ...Increased nighttime respiratory losses decrease the amount of photoassimilates available for plant growth and yield. We hypothesized that the increased respiratory carbon loss under high night temperatures(HNT) could be compensated for by increased photosynthesis during the day following HNT exposure. Two rice genotypes, Vandana(HNT-sensitive) and Nagina 22(HNT-tolerant), were exposed to HNT(4 ℃ above the control) from flowering to physiological maturity. They were assessed for alterations in the carbon balance of the source(flag leaf) and its subsequent impact on grain filling dynamics and the quality of spatially differentiated sinks(superior and inferior spikelets). Both genotypes exhibited significantly higher night respiration rates. However, only Nagina 22 compensated for the high respiration rates with an increased photosynthetic rate, resulting in a steady production of total dry matter under HNT. Nagina 22 also recorded a higher grain-filling rate, particularly at 5 and 10 d after flowering, with 1.5- and 4.0-fold increases in the translocation of ^(14)C sugars to the superior and inferior spikelets, respectively. The ratio of photosynthetic rate to respiratory rate on a leaf area basis was negatively correlated with spikelet sterility, resulting in a higher filled spikelet number and grain weight per plant, particularly for inferior grains in Nagina 22. Grain quality parameters such as head rice recovery, high-density grains, and gelatinization temperature were maintained in Nagina 22. An increase in the rheological properties of rice flour starch in Nagina 22 under HNT indicated the stability of starch and its ability to reorganize during the cooling process of product formation. Thus, our study showed that sink adjustments between superior and inferior spikelets favored the growth of inferior spikelets, which helped to offset the reduction in grain weight under HNT in the tolerant genotype Nagina 22.展开更多
Lysine content is a criterion of the nutritional quality of rice.Understanding the process of lysine biosynthesis in early-flowering superior grain(SG)and late-flowering inferior grain(IG)of rice would advance breedin...Lysine content is a criterion of the nutritional quality of rice.Understanding the process of lysine biosynthesis in early-flowering superior grain(SG)and late-flowering inferior grain(IG)of rice would advance breeding and cultivation to improve nutritional quality.However,little information is available on differences in lysine anabolism between SG and IG and the underlying mechanism,and whether and how irrigation regimes affect lysine anabolism in these grains.A japonica rice cultivar was grown in the field and two irrigation regimes,continuous flooding(CF)and wetting alternating with partial drying(WAPD),were imposed from heading to the mature stage.Lysine content and activities of key enzymes of lysine biosynthesis,and levels of brassinosteroids(BRs)were lower in the IG than in the SG at the early grainfilling stage but higher at middle and late grain-filling stages.WAPD increased activities of these key enzymes,BR levels,and contents of lysine and total amino acids in IG,but not SG relative to CF.Application of 2,4-epibrassinolide to rice panicles in CF during early grain filling reproduced the effects of WAPD,but neither treatment altered the activities of enzymes responsible for lysine catabolism in either SG or IG.WAPD and elevated BR levels during grain filling increased lysine biosynthesis in IG.Improvement in lysine biosynthesis in rice should focus on IG.展开更多
BACKGROUND Inferior wall left ventricular aneurysms are rare,they develop after transmural myocardial infarction(MI)and may be associated with poorer prognosis.We present a unique case of a large aneurysm of the infer...BACKGROUND Inferior wall left ventricular aneurysms are rare,they develop after transmural myocardial infarction(MI)and may be associated with poorer prognosis.We present a unique case of a large aneurysm of the inferior wall complicated by ventricular tachycardia(VT)and requiring surgical resection and mitral valve replacement.CASE SUMMARY A 59-year-old male was admitted for VT one month after he had a delayed presentation for an inferior ST-segment elevation MI and was discovered to have a large true inferior wall aneurysm on echocardiography and confirmed on coronary computed tomography(CT)angiography.Due to the sustained VT,concern for aneurysm expansion,and persistent heart failure symptoms,the patient was referred for surgical resection of the aneurysm with patch repair,mitral valve replacement,and automated implantable cardioverter defibrillator insertion with significant improvement in functional and clinical status.CONCLUSION Inferior wall aneurysms are rare and require close monitoring to identify electrical or contractile sequelae.Coronary CT angiography can outline anatomic details and guide surgical intervention to ameliorate life-threatening complications and improve performance status.展开更多
BACKGROUND Extraction of impacted third molars often leads to severe complications caused by damage to the inferior alveolar nerve(IAN).AIM To proposes a method for the partial grinding of an impacted mandibular third...BACKGROUND Extraction of impacted third molars often leads to severe complications caused by damage to the inferior alveolar nerve(IAN).AIM To proposes a method for the partial grinding of an impacted mandibular third molar(IMM3)near the IAN to prevent IAN injury during IMM3 extraction.METHODS Between January 1996 and March 2022,25 patients with IMM3 roots near the IAN were enrolled.The first stage of the operation consisted of grinding a major part of the IMM3 crown with a high-speed turbine dental drill to achieve sufficient space between the mandibular second molar and IMM3.After 6 months,when the root tips were observed to be away from the IAN on X-ray examination,the remaining part of the IMM3 was completely removed.RESULTS All IMM3s were extracted easily without symptoms of IAN injury after extraction.CONCLUSION Partial IMM3 grinding may be a good alternative treatment option to avoid IAN injury in high-risk cases.展开更多
BACKGROUND Gastric submucosal arterial dilation resulting from splenic artery occlusion represents an exceedingly rare etiology of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding(UGIB).Although endoscopy is a widely utilized di...BACKGROUND Gastric submucosal arterial dilation resulting from splenic artery occlusion represents an exceedingly rare etiology of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding(UGIB).Although endoscopy is a widely utilized diagnostic and therapeutic modality for gastrointestinal bleeding,it has limitations in detecting arterial abnormalities.CASE SUMMARY This report presents a rare case of massive UGIB in a 57-year-old male with a tortuous left inferior phrenic artery accompanied by splenic artery occlusion.“Gastric varices”was identified during the patient's endoscopy one year before hemorrhage.Despite initial hemostasis by endoscopic clipping,the patient experienced massive rebleeding after one month,requiring intervention with transcatheter arterial embolization(TAE)to achieve hemostasis.CONCLUSION This is the first case to report UGIB due to a tortuous left inferior phrenic artery.This case highlights the limitations of endoscopy in identifying arterial abnormalities and emphasizes the potential of TAE as a viable alternative for the management of arterial bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract.展开更多
Background:Inferior alveolar nerve(IAN)injury is a serious potential complication of orthognathic surgery because the osteotomy cut-line during sagittal split osteotomy(SSO)of the mandible runs close to the mandibular...Background:Inferior alveolar nerve(IAN)injury is a serious potential complication of orthognathic surgery because the osteotomy cut-line during sagittal split osteotomy(SSO)of the mandible runs close to the mandibular canal.According to statistics,9%–85%of patients who undergo such surgery suffer from complications.It causes neurosensory disorders(NSD)of the lower lip and chin with a wide variety of symptoms such as numbness,hypoesthesia,hyperesthesia,hypoalgesia,hyperalgesia,and allodynia.However,the accurate planning and thorough analysis using cone-beam computed tomography helps improve the predictability of possible IAN damage by considering the specific anatomical features of each patient and all risk factors.This study aimed to review the frequency of IAN occurrence,risk factors,and diagnostic,prophylactic,and treatment methods used for inferior alveolar nerve regeneration and IAN sensory disturbance recovery following SSO of the mandible.Methods:We conducted a comprehensive literature search(2020–2024)across PubMed,Scopus,Google Scholar,and ScienceDirect,focusing on mandibular SSO complications,IAN damage,nerve regeneration,and treatments such as corticosteroids,vitamin B12,platelet concentrates,and low-level laser therapy.All systematic review,randomized controlled trial,controlled clinical trial,or retrospective/prospective study involving both animals and humans were included.Results:Surgeons prescribed medicines for general therapy before surgery and applied intraoperative treatment methods to minimize the degree of NSD manifestation after surgery.Fortunately,majority instances of NSD recover spontaneously by 6 months after the operation;however,if symptoms persist after 1 year,it is considered permanent NSD,which may cause a significant decrease in quality of life.In the postoperative period,assessing neurosensory disturbances with subjective(questionnaires)and objective tests(light touch,2-point discrimination tests,and others),or their combination,is necessary for determining the management.According to recent studies,dexamethasone,a complex of vitamin B,melatonin,and low-level lasers,is actively used in inferior alveolar nerve regeneration during and after SSO.Moreover,isolated studies have reported the intraoperative use of platelet concentrates during SSO.Conclusion:The mentioned treatment methods demonstrated positive results in decreasing NSD.However,their effectiveness for IAN regeneration has not been sufficiently studied.展开更多
In order to study the effect of weak noise on the sound signal extraction of mouse (Mus musculus Km) inferior collicular (IC) neurons from environments,we examined the changes in frequency tuning curves (FTCs) of 32 n...In order to study the effect of weak noise on the sound signal extraction of mouse (Mus musculus Km) inferior collicular (IC) neurons from environments,we examined the changes in frequency tuning curves (FTCs) of 32 neurons induced by a weak noise relative to 5 dB below minimum threshold of tone (reMT-5 dB) under free field stimulation conditions.The results were as follows:① There were three types of variations in FTCs,sharpened (34.4%),broadened (18.8%),and unaffected (46.9%),nevertheless,only the alteration of sharpened FTCs was statistically different.② Sharpness of frequency tuning induced by a reMT-5 dB noise was very strong.Q 10 and Q 30 of FTCs were increased by (34.42±17.04)% (P=0.026,n=11) and (46.34±22.88)% (P=0.009,n=7).③ The changes of inverse-slopes (ISs,kHz/dB) between high (IS high) and low (IS low) limbs of FTCs were dissymmetry.The IS high of FTCs decreased markedly (P=0.046,n=7),however,there was little change (P=0.947,n=7) in IS low.Our data revealed for the first time that the weak noise could sharpen frequency tuning and increase the sensitivity on the high frequency of sound signal in IC neurons of mouse.展开更多
基金Supported by the General Project of the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing,No.cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0604.
文摘BACKGROUND Laparoscopic liver resection(LLR)can be challenging due to the difficulty of establishing a retrohepatic tunnel under laparoscopy.Dissecting the third hepatic hilum before parenchymal transection often leads to significant liver mobilization,tumor compression,and bleeding from the short hepatic veins(SHVs).This study introduces a novel technique utilizing the ventral avascular area of the inferior vena cava(IVC),allowing SHVs to be addressed after parenchymal transection,thereby reducing surgical complexity and improving outcomes in in situ LLR.AIM To introduce and evaluate a novel LLR technique using the ventral avascular area of the IVC and compare its short-term outcomes with conventional methods.METHODS The clinical cohort data of patients with pathologically confirmed hepatocellular carcinoma or intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma who underwent conventional LLR and novel LLR between July 2021 and July 2023 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were retrospectively analyzed.In novel LLR,we initially separated the caudate lobe from the IVC using dissecting forceps along the ventral avascular area of the IVC.Then,we transected the parenchyma of the left and right caudate lobes from the caudal side to the cephalic side using the avascular area as a marker.Subsequently,we addressed the SHVs and finally dissected the root of the right hepatic vein or left hepatic vein.The short-term postoperative outcomes and oncological results of the two approaches were evaluated and compared.RESULTS A total of 256 patients were included,with 150(58.59%)undergoing conventional LLR and 106(41.41%)undergoing novel LLR.The novel technique resulted in significantly larger tumor resections(6.47±2.96 cm vs 4.01±2.33 cm,P<0.001),shorter operative times(199.57±60.37 minutes vs 262.33±83.90 minutes,P<0.001),less intraoperative blood loss(206.92±37.09 mL vs 363.34±131.27 mL,P<0.001),and greater resection volume(345.11±31.40 mL vs 264.38±31.98 mL,P<0.001)compared to conventional LLR.CONCLUSION This novel technique enhances liver resection outcomes by reducing intraoperative complications such as bleeding and tumor compression.It facilitates a safer,in situ removal of complex liver tumors,even in challenging anatomical locations.Compared to conventional methods,this technique offers significant advantages,including reduced operative time,blood loss,and improved overall surgical efficiency.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD2300700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32201894)+1 种基金Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(323QN193)Rothamsted Research receives strategic funding from the Biotechnological and Biological Sciences Research Council of the UK.Matthew J.Paul acknowledges funding from the Delivering Sustainable Wheat(BB/X011003/1)Strategic Program.
文摘Inferior grains exhibit delayed developmental processes and reduced metabolic activities compared to superior grains,leading to unstable rice yield and quality.While significant advancements have been achieved in elucidating the physiology of endosperm filling in inferior grains,the role of the embryo remains underexplored and warrants comprehensive investigation.Two Wuyujing 3 mutants,DW024(relatively synchronous;syn-DW024)and DW179(significantly asynchronous;asyn-DW179),with different grain-filling patterns were used in this study.Samples of superior and inferior grains were collected at intervals from 5 to 60 d after fertilization and subsequently dissected into subsamples of the embryo and endosperm.Histochemical staining,biochemical analysis,and RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)were combined to systematically compare developmental and physiological traits between superior and inferior grains.Combining hierarchical clustering of mRNA datasets revealed three developmental phases of the endosperm and embryo:morphogenesis,endosperm filling/embryo enlargement,and maturation.In both syn-DW024 and asyn-DW179,the duration of the endosperm/embryo morphogenesis phase was identical in superior and inferior grains.The inferior grains of asyn-DW179 exhibited a 10-day prolongation in the endosperm filling phase and a 20-day extension in the embryo enlargement phase compared to the superior grains.The endosperm of inferior grains exhibited higher contents of sugars and free amino acids,along with slower accumulation of storage compounds,which was associated with the down-regulation of genes for starch synthesis and ABA signaling.In addition,transporters for nutrient exchanges between endosperm and embryo were down-regulated,suggesting a potential role of the embryo in adjusting the endosperm filling process.Collectively,our results reveal that the prolonged phases of endosperm filling and embryo enlargement may underlie the impaired development of inferior grains,offering a new perspective for breeding or cultivating rice with uniform grain quality.
文摘BACKGROUND Inferior mesenteric arteriovenous fistula(IMAVF)is an extremely rare condition characterized by abnormal communication between the inferior mesenteric artery and vein.IMAVF often mimics ischemic bowel disease and ulcerative colitis(UC),leading to diagnostic challenges and treatment failures.CASE SUMMARY Three consecutive cases presented with non-specific symptoms including perianal pain and bloody diarrhea were reported.Initial diagnosis included acute severe UC and ischemic colitis.Pathology suggested ischemic changes,and with further contrast-enhanced computed tomography together with digital subtraction angiography which confirmed the diagnosis of IMAVF.All three cases were treated by vascular embolization,and symptoms improved rapidly following treatment.CONCLUSION We presented the largest single center IMAVF series with detailed clinical characteristics,facilitating early diagnosis for similar cases in the future.
文摘BACKGROUND Kidney transplantation is increasingly more common due to the ongoing shortage of deceased donors.However,anatomical challenges,such as a short renal artery,can complicate surgical procedures and increase complication risk,including thrombosis and anastomotic stenosis.To address these issues and optimize graft outcomes,innovative surgical techniques are essential.CASE SUMMARY We present a case of kidney transplantation complicated by a short donor renal artery.To address the discrepancy between arterial length and diameter mismatch,the recipient’s inferior epigastric artery was used as a cuff interposition for arterial reconstruction.Following standard laparoscopic donor nephrectomy,vascular reconstruction was performed on the back table.The use of the inferior epigastric artery as a cuff allowed for successful elongation and size matching of the donor renal artery,enabling a tension-free anastomosis to the recipient’s external iliac artery.Postoperative Doppler ultrasound and angiography confirmed excellent graft perfusion.The patient experienced an uneventful recovery with immediate graft function and maintained stable renal function at 6 months post-transplant.To our knowledge,this is the first reported use of the inferior epigastric artery as a cuff interposition in renal artery reconstruction,offering a novel and effective technique for managing short renal arteries in kidney transplantation.CONCLUSION Interposition of the epigastric artery offers an innovative technique for managing short donor renal arteries,reducing the risk of early thrombosis and long-term complications as size mismatch and intimal hyperplasia.
文摘BACKGROUND Inferior vena cava(IVC)leiomyosarcomas are rare and aggressive tumors.Complete cure depends on achieving R0 resection,which often requires circumferential resection and reconstruction.Synthetic grafts have traditionally been used when venous continuity must be restored.However,the use of cadaveric IVC grafts for reconstruction has not been widely reported.CASE SUMMARY Herein,we present the case of a 64-year-old woman diagnosed with an intrahepatic IVC leiomyosarcoma with local invasion.The patient responded favorably to chemotherapy and subsequently underwent an en bloc right hepatectomy,retrohepatic IVC resection,and reconstruction with an interpositional cadaveric IVC graft.Serial imaging follow-ups until 2 years after the operation showed persistent patency of the graft and no graft-related complications.CONCLUSION Cadaveric IVC grafts are an alternative to synthetic grafts for reconstruction,with acceptable outcomes.Larger,long-term studies are necessary to validate these findings.
文摘Case Letter Severe trauma has high morbidity and mortality rates,being the leading cause of death in young adults.Among all traumas,tra ffi c injuries are particularly lethal.^([1-2]) The injury severity score(ISS) can be used to assess trauma severity,with ISS of<9,9–15,16–24,and≥25 indicating minor,moderate,severe,and critical trauma,respectively.The ISS is correlated with mortality,morbidity,and hospitalization duration after injury.^([3-4]) Here,we report one patient who was admitted to our emergency intensive care unit(EICU) due to traumatic liver rupture and traumatic myocardial infarction complicated with inferior vena cava(IVC) thrombosis.
文摘BACKGROUND Acute pulmonary thromboembolism is a complication of venous thrombosis.Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO),an effective rescue measure for rapid hemodynamic recovery,can be used in patients for whom thrombolysis therapy has failed.CASE SUMMARY This case report describes an extreme rescue process for a patient with a preset inferior vena cava(IVC)filter in a relatively economically underdeveloped area with an insufficient supply of consumables.In an emergency,veno-arterial ECMO was successfully initiated by intubation through the IVC filter to the right atrial opening without displacement of the filter during the entire process.CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that in resource-limited settings,femoral vein cannulation for veno-arterial ECMO is a feasible and safe option for patients with preimplanted IVC filters.
文摘Current breast reconstruction evaluations mostly focus on static cosmetic analysis as a measure of the clinical outcomes.Moreover,it is essential to consider the dynamic changes in the reconstructed breast alongside assessments of aesthetic symmetry,functional restoration,complication rates,and long-term stability of the reconstruction.This study aimed to assess the mobility of the reconstructed breast following various breast reconstruction techniques,specifically by comparing deep inferior epigastric perforator(DIEP) flaps and pedicled transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous(TRAM) flaps.We conducted a longitudinal case study to investigate the changes in breast movement resulting from different surgical interventions.The comparison showed that DIEP flap reconstruction was more likely to achieve superior breast mobility outcomes than TRAM flap reconstruction.For a better breast aesthetic outcome,it is fundamental to improve the awareness of the dynamic evaluation of the reconstructed breast at the surgical strategy level.
基金Supported by Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital Clinical Research Fund of Shenzhen High-level Hospital Construction Project,No.20243357001.
文摘BACKGROUND Diagnosing posterior inferior cerebellar artery dissection(PICAD)using radio-logical images is challenging.Massive cerebellar infarctions resulting from spon-taneous,isolated PICAD are rare,and the associated clinical,imaging,and treat-ment options remain unclear.CASE SUMMARY A 39-year-old man was admitted for dizziness and unstable gait for two days.Ph-ysical examination revealed decreased right-limb muscle strength and right-sided ataxia.Brain magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)showed a massive acute right cerebellar infarction,but other modalities,including head and neck computed tomographic angiography(CTA)and magnetic resonance angiography(MRA),showed no obvious abnormalities.High-resolution vessel wall MRI(HR-VW-MRI)revealed right PICAD.The patient was diagnosed with massive cerebellar infarction caused by PICAD and active conservative treatment was initiated.The initial PICAD lesion disappeared 1.5 months after discharge,after which the patient experienced only slight weakness in his right limb for three months.CONCLUSION Since MRA and CTA may fail to identify PICAD,HR-VW-MRI is key in diagnosis and follow-up evaluation.Aggressive medication may be effective and safe for treating PICAD.
文摘The development of innovative surgical techniques has been a constant and fundamental aspect in liver transplantation(LT)to address chronic organ shortage.Domino liver transplantation(DLT),initially performed by Furtado et al.in Lisbon in 1995,is an innovative technique in which a liver from a patient with a metabolic disorder is transplanted into a recipient with end-stage liver disease[1].
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFC3602500)Beijing High-level Public Health Technical Talents Construction Project(Discipline Leader-03-24)Beijing Hospitals Authority’s Ascent Plan(DFL20240601).
文摘OBJECTIVE To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of robot-assisted percutaneous coronary intervention(R-PCI)compared to traditional manual percutaneous coronary intervention(M-PCI).METHODS This prospective,multicenter,randomized controlled,non-inferior clinical trial enrolled patients with coronary heart disease who met the inclusion criteria and had indications for elective percutaneous coronary intervention.Participants were randomly assigned to either the R-PCI group or the M-PCI group.Primary endpoints were clinical and technical success rates.Clinical success was defined as visually estimated residual post-percutaneous coronary intervention stenosis<30% with no 30-day major adverse cardiac events.Technical success in the R-PCI group was defined as successful completion of percutaneous coronary intervention using the ETcath200 robot-assisted system,without conversion to M-PCI in the event of a guidewire or balloon/stent catheter that was unable to cross the vessel or was poorly supported by the catheter.Secondary endpoints included total procedure time,percutaneous coronary intervention procedure time,fluoroscopy time,contrast volume,operator radiation exposure,air kerma,and dose-area product.RESULTS The trial enrolled 152 patients(R-PCI:73 patients,M-PCI:79 patients).Lesions were predominantly B2/C type(73.6%).Both groups achieved 100% clinical success rate.No major adverse cardiac events occurred during the 30-day follow-up.The R-PCI group had a technical success rate of 100%.The R-PCI group had longer total procedure and fluoroscopy times,but lower operator radiation exposure.The percutaneous coronary intervention procedure time,contrast volume,air kerma,and dose-area product were similar between the two groups.CONCLUSIONS For certain complex lesions,performing percutaneous coronary intervention using the ETcath200 robot-assisted system is safe and effective and does not result in conversion to M-PCI.
基金Supported by The Bio&Medical Technology Development Program of the National Research Foundation(NRF)funded by the Korean government(MSIT),No.RS-2023-00220408.
文摘BACKGROUND Pedicled abdominal flaps are a widely used surgical technique for forearm reconstruction in patients with soft tissue defects.However,some drawbacks include restricted flap size,partial flap loss,and donor-site morbidity.To address these concerns,we present a case of a pedicled abdominal flap using the deep inferior epigastric artery perforators(DIEP)for forearm reconstruction in a patient with a large soft tissue defect.CASE SUMMARY A 46-year-old male patient was admitted to our hospital with forearm injury caused by a pressing machine.A 15 cm×10 cm soft tissue defect with complete rupture of the ulnar side structures of the forearm was found.One week after orthopedic management of the neurovascular injury and fractures using the first stage of Masquelet technique,the patient was referred to the plastic and recon-structive surgery department for wound coverage.Surgical debridement and negative-pressure wound therapy revealed a 20 cm×15 cm soft tissue defect.A pedicle abdominal flap with the DIEP was used to cover the defect.Three weeks later,the flap was detached from the abdomen,and the abdominal defect was directly closed.Subsequently,the second stage of Masquelet technique was performed at the fracture site at week 10.Finally,all donor and recipient sites healed without complications,such as flap dehiscence,infection,hematoma,or necrosis.Fracture site osteosynthesis was achieved without complications.CONCLUSION Pedicled abdominal flap using the DIEP provides a reliable option for forearm reconstruction in patients with large soft tissue defects.
文摘The quality upgrading and deashing of inferior coal by chemical method still faces great challenges.The dangers of strong acid,strong alkali,waste water and exhaust gas as well as high cost limit its industrial production.This paper systematically investigates the ash reduction and desilicification of two typical inferior coal utilizing ammonium fluoride roasting method.Under the optimal conditions,for fat coal and gas coal,the deashing rates are 69.02%and 54.13%,and the desilicification rates are 92.64%and 90.27%,respectively.The molar dosage of ammonium fluoride remains consistent for both coals;however,the gas coal,characterized by a lower ash and silica content(less than half that of the fat coal),achieves optimum deashing effect at a reduced time and temperature.The majority of silicon in coal transforms into gaseous ammonium fluorosilicate,subsequently preparing nanoscale amorphous silica with a purity of 99.90%through ammonia precipitation.Most of the fluorine in deashed coal are assigned in inorganic minerals,suggesting the possibility of further fluorine and ash removal via flotation.This research provides a green and facile route to deash inferior coal and produce nano-scale white carbon black simultaneously.
基金the financial assistance provided by ICAR-IARI in the form of IARI Fellowship and Department of Science and Technology, Innovation in Science Pursuit for Inspired Research during the PhD programme。
文摘Increased nighttime respiratory losses decrease the amount of photoassimilates available for plant growth and yield. We hypothesized that the increased respiratory carbon loss under high night temperatures(HNT) could be compensated for by increased photosynthesis during the day following HNT exposure. Two rice genotypes, Vandana(HNT-sensitive) and Nagina 22(HNT-tolerant), were exposed to HNT(4 ℃ above the control) from flowering to physiological maturity. They were assessed for alterations in the carbon balance of the source(flag leaf) and its subsequent impact on grain filling dynamics and the quality of spatially differentiated sinks(superior and inferior spikelets). Both genotypes exhibited significantly higher night respiration rates. However, only Nagina 22 compensated for the high respiration rates with an increased photosynthetic rate, resulting in a steady production of total dry matter under HNT. Nagina 22 also recorded a higher grain-filling rate, particularly at 5 and 10 d after flowering, with 1.5- and 4.0-fold increases in the translocation of ^(14)C sugars to the superior and inferior spikelets, respectively. The ratio of photosynthetic rate to respiratory rate on a leaf area basis was negatively correlated with spikelet sterility, resulting in a higher filled spikelet number and grain weight per plant, particularly for inferior grains in Nagina 22. Grain quality parameters such as head rice recovery, high-density grains, and gelatinization temperature were maintained in Nagina 22. An increase in the rheological properties of rice flour starch in Nagina 22 under HNT indicated the stability of starch and its ability to reorganize during the cooling process of product formation. Thus, our study showed that sink adjustments between superior and inferior spikelets favored the growth of inferior spikelets, which helped to offset the reduction in grain weight under HNT in the tolerant genotype Nagina 22.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32071943,32272198).
文摘Lysine content is a criterion of the nutritional quality of rice.Understanding the process of lysine biosynthesis in early-flowering superior grain(SG)and late-flowering inferior grain(IG)of rice would advance breeding and cultivation to improve nutritional quality.However,little information is available on differences in lysine anabolism between SG and IG and the underlying mechanism,and whether and how irrigation regimes affect lysine anabolism in these grains.A japonica rice cultivar was grown in the field and two irrigation regimes,continuous flooding(CF)and wetting alternating with partial drying(WAPD),were imposed from heading to the mature stage.Lysine content and activities of key enzymes of lysine biosynthesis,and levels of brassinosteroids(BRs)were lower in the IG than in the SG at the early grainfilling stage but higher at middle and late grain-filling stages.WAPD increased activities of these key enzymes,BR levels,and contents of lysine and total amino acids in IG,but not SG relative to CF.Application of 2,4-epibrassinolide to rice panicles in CF during early grain filling reproduced the effects of WAPD,but neither treatment altered the activities of enzymes responsible for lysine catabolism in either SG or IG.WAPD and elevated BR levels during grain filling increased lysine biosynthesis in IG.Improvement in lysine biosynthesis in rice should focus on IG.
文摘BACKGROUND Inferior wall left ventricular aneurysms are rare,they develop after transmural myocardial infarction(MI)and may be associated with poorer prognosis.We present a unique case of a large aneurysm of the inferior wall complicated by ventricular tachycardia(VT)and requiring surgical resection and mitral valve replacement.CASE SUMMARY A 59-year-old male was admitted for VT one month after he had a delayed presentation for an inferior ST-segment elevation MI and was discovered to have a large true inferior wall aneurysm on echocardiography and confirmed on coronary computed tomography(CT)angiography.Due to the sustained VT,concern for aneurysm expansion,and persistent heart failure symptoms,the patient was referred for surgical resection of the aneurysm with patch repair,mitral valve replacement,and automated implantable cardioverter defibrillator insertion with significant improvement in functional and clinical status.CONCLUSION Inferior wall aneurysms are rare and require close monitoring to identify electrical or contractile sequelae.Coronary CT angiography can outline anatomic details and guide surgical intervention to ameliorate life-threatening complications and improve performance status.
文摘BACKGROUND Extraction of impacted third molars often leads to severe complications caused by damage to the inferior alveolar nerve(IAN).AIM To proposes a method for the partial grinding of an impacted mandibular third molar(IMM3)near the IAN to prevent IAN injury during IMM3 extraction.METHODS Between January 1996 and March 2022,25 patients with IMM3 roots near the IAN were enrolled.The first stage of the operation consisted of grinding a major part of the IMM3 crown with a high-speed turbine dental drill to achieve sufficient space between the mandibular second molar and IMM3.After 6 months,when the root tips were observed to be away from the IAN on X-ray examination,the remaining part of the IMM3 was completely removed.RESULTS All IMM3s were extracted easily without symptoms of IAN injury after extraction.CONCLUSION Partial IMM3 grinding may be a good alternative treatment option to avoid IAN injury in high-risk cases.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(General Program),No.82200588Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China,No.2024AFB829.
文摘BACKGROUND Gastric submucosal arterial dilation resulting from splenic artery occlusion represents an exceedingly rare etiology of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding(UGIB).Although endoscopy is a widely utilized diagnostic and therapeutic modality for gastrointestinal bleeding,it has limitations in detecting arterial abnormalities.CASE SUMMARY This report presents a rare case of massive UGIB in a 57-year-old male with a tortuous left inferior phrenic artery accompanied by splenic artery occlusion.“Gastric varices”was identified during the patient's endoscopy one year before hemorrhage.Despite initial hemostasis by endoscopic clipping,the patient experienced massive rebleeding after one month,requiring intervention with transcatheter arterial embolization(TAE)to achieve hemostasis.CONCLUSION This is the first case to report UGIB due to a tortuous left inferior phrenic artery.This case highlights the limitations of endoscopy in identifying arterial abnormalities and emphasizes the potential of TAE as a viable alternative for the management of arterial bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract.
文摘Background:Inferior alveolar nerve(IAN)injury is a serious potential complication of orthognathic surgery because the osteotomy cut-line during sagittal split osteotomy(SSO)of the mandible runs close to the mandibular canal.According to statistics,9%–85%of patients who undergo such surgery suffer from complications.It causes neurosensory disorders(NSD)of the lower lip and chin with a wide variety of symptoms such as numbness,hypoesthesia,hyperesthesia,hypoalgesia,hyperalgesia,and allodynia.However,the accurate planning and thorough analysis using cone-beam computed tomography helps improve the predictability of possible IAN damage by considering the specific anatomical features of each patient and all risk factors.This study aimed to review the frequency of IAN occurrence,risk factors,and diagnostic,prophylactic,and treatment methods used for inferior alveolar nerve regeneration and IAN sensory disturbance recovery following SSO of the mandible.Methods:We conducted a comprehensive literature search(2020–2024)across PubMed,Scopus,Google Scholar,and ScienceDirect,focusing on mandibular SSO complications,IAN damage,nerve regeneration,and treatments such as corticosteroids,vitamin B12,platelet concentrates,and low-level laser therapy.All systematic review,randomized controlled trial,controlled clinical trial,or retrospective/prospective study involving both animals and humans were included.Results:Surgeons prescribed medicines for general therapy before surgery and applied intraoperative treatment methods to minimize the degree of NSD manifestation after surgery.Fortunately,majority instances of NSD recover spontaneously by 6 months after the operation;however,if symptoms persist after 1 year,it is considered permanent NSD,which may cause a significant decrease in quality of life.In the postoperative period,assessing neurosensory disturbances with subjective(questionnaires)and objective tests(light touch,2-point discrimination tests,and others),or their combination,is necessary for determining the management.According to recent studies,dexamethasone,a complex of vitamin B,melatonin,and low-level lasers,is actively used in inferior alveolar nerve regeneration during and after SSO.Moreover,isolated studies have reported the intraoperative use of platelet concentrates during SSO.Conclusion:The mentioned treatment methods demonstrated positive results in decreasing NSD.However,their effectiveness for IAN regeneration has not been sufficiently studied.
文摘In order to study the effect of weak noise on the sound signal extraction of mouse (Mus musculus Km) inferior collicular (IC) neurons from environments,we examined the changes in frequency tuning curves (FTCs) of 32 neurons induced by a weak noise relative to 5 dB below minimum threshold of tone (reMT-5 dB) under free field stimulation conditions.The results were as follows:① There were three types of variations in FTCs,sharpened (34.4%),broadened (18.8%),and unaffected (46.9%),nevertheless,only the alteration of sharpened FTCs was statistically different.② Sharpness of frequency tuning induced by a reMT-5 dB noise was very strong.Q 10 and Q 30 of FTCs were increased by (34.42±17.04)% (P=0.026,n=11) and (46.34±22.88)% (P=0.009,n=7).③ The changes of inverse-slopes (ISs,kHz/dB) between high (IS high) and low (IS low) limbs of FTCs were dissymmetry.The IS high of FTCs decreased markedly (P=0.046,n=7),however,there was little change (P=0.947,n=7) in IS low.Our data revealed for the first time that the weak noise could sharpen frequency tuning and increase the sensitivity on the high frequency of sound signal in IC neurons of mouse.
