Background The incompatible insect technique(IIT),based on Wolbachia-induced conditional sterility,has proven highly effective in suppressing mosquito populations for dengue control.However,concerns that accidental re...Background The incompatible insect technique(IIT),based on Wolbachia-induced conditional sterility,has proven highly effective in suppressing mosquito populations for dengue control.However,concerns that accidental release of infected females could drive population replacement have prompted integration of IIT with irradiation or advanced sex-separation technologies.Moreover,the broader ecological consequences of IIT-based suppression remain insufficiently understood.Here,we investigated whether standalone IIT,leveraging Wolbachia-associated fitness costs under real-world conditions,can effectively suppress Aedes albopictus populations without causing replacement,while also addressing key ecological concerns related to IIT-based mosquito population suppression.Methods We conducted field trials on Shazai Island,Nansha District,Guangzhou,China,releasing approximately 16,000 Wolbachia wPip-transinfected A.albopictus HC males per hectare per week from 2018 to 2019,following three years of combined IIT and sterile insect technique(SIT)application.Population suppression was monitored,with wPip infection frequency assessed to evaluate population replacement risks.Two-dimensional system of ordinary differential equations incorporating Wolbachia-induced fitness costs was established to predict population dynamics.Additionally,we assessed female mating preferences after three years of suppression and the impact on non-target Culex quinquefasciatus populations.Results We offer both empirical evidence and a mathematical model,demonstrating that the fitness costs associated with a Wolbachia triple-strain infection in A.albopictus,especially in adverse field conditions,empower a standalone IIT to effectively suppress mosquito populations without causing population replacement.Remarkably,reducing the previous release numbers to just 20% sustained a similar suppression level.We found no evidence of changes in female mating preferences after a three-year field suppression.The suppression of A.albopictus does not impact the population of the coexisting nontarget species C.quinquefasciatus.After stopping releases,the population rebounded partially in Year 1 and appeared to fully recover in Year 2,with the rate of this recovery likely influenced by mosquito immigration associated with population flow.Conclusions Our study demonstrates the robustness,cost-effectiveness,scalability,and ecological safety of IIT as a tool for controlling mosquito-borne diseases.These findings support the implementation of field-applicable,lowdose IIT for sustainable dengue control.展开更多
Background Aedes mosquitoes pose a significant global threat as vectors for several debilitating arboviruses,includ-ing dengue,Zika,yellow fever,and chikungunya.Their unique breeding habits,behavior,and daytime activi...Background Aedes mosquitoes pose a significant global threat as vectors for several debilitating arboviruses,includ-ing dengue,Zika,yellow fever,and chikungunya.Their unique breeding habits,behavior,and daytime activity compli-cate control efforts,prompting the search for innovative solutions.The sterile insect technique(SIT)and incompatible insect technique(IIT)are promising new techniques under investigation.This review synthesizes findings from field trials on SIT and/or IIT for Aedes mosquito control.Methods A scoping review was conducted through comprehensive searches on Scopus,Web of Science,MEDLINE,PubMed,and preprint repositories up to April 25,2024.Studies were initially screened for relevance based on their titles and abstracts,followed by a full-text review conducted by two independent extractors.Only field trials with con-trol groups were included,with the final assessment focusing on trials reporting epidemiological outcomes.Data were abstracted into templates,emphasizing study design,intervention details,and outcomes.The review adhered to the PRISMA-ScR guidelines.Results The search identified 21 field trials in various countries against Aedes mosquitoes.These trials employed diverse methodologies and mosquito release strategies,achieving varying levels of mosquito population suppression.Notably,two SIT and two Wolbachia-based IIT trials reported epidemiological outcomes,including reductions in den-gue incidence and associated risk ratios.However,the reliance on national surveillance data for assessing dengue incidence suggests caution due to the potential underreporting of subclinical cases.Conclusions The review underscores the promise of SIT and IIT for controlling Aedes mosquito populations,cit-ing successful reductions in mosquito densities and dengue transmission.However,it calls for more rigorous study designs and standardized methodologies,as well as the adoption of comprehensive frameworks to accurately assess the effectiveness of these interventions.Future research should focus on bridging gaps in real-world effectiveness by addressing factors such as feasibility,acceptability,scalability,and cost,which are crucial for guiding their success-ful large-scale deployment in any country.展开更多
基金supported by Guangdong Innovative Research Team Program(2011S009)Scientific and Technological Leading Talents of Guangzhou Development District(2013L-P116)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(82102430 to Y.Li,12371484 to B.Z.,and 12331017 to J.Y.)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020M672573 to Y.Li).
文摘Background The incompatible insect technique(IIT),based on Wolbachia-induced conditional sterility,has proven highly effective in suppressing mosquito populations for dengue control.However,concerns that accidental release of infected females could drive population replacement have prompted integration of IIT with irradiation or advanced sex-separation technologies.Moreover,the broader ecological consequences of IIT-based suppression remain insufficiently understood.Here,we investigated whether standalone IIT,leveraging Wolbachia-associated fitness costs under real-world conditions,can effectively suppress Aedes albopictus populations without causing replacement,while also addressing key ecological concerns related to IIT-based mosquito population suppression.Methods We conducted field trials on Shazai Island,Nansha District,Guangzhou,China,releasing approximately 16,000 Wolbachia wPip-transinfected A.albopictus HC males per hectare per week from 2018 to 2019,following three years of combined IIT and sterile insect technique(SIT)application.Population suppression was monitored,with wPip infection frequency assessed to evaluate population replacement risks.Two-dimensional system of ordinary differential equations incorporating Wolbachia-induced fitness costs was established to predict population dynamics.Additionally,we assessed female mating preferences after three years of suppression and the impact on non-target Culex quinquefasciatus populations.Results We offer both empirical evidence and a mathematical model,demonstrating that the fitness costs associated with a Wolbachia triple-strain infection in A.albopictus,especially in adverse field conditions,empower a standalone IIT to effectively suppress mosquito populations without causing population replacement.Remarkably,reducing the previous release numbers to just 20% sustained a similar suppression level.We found no evidence of changes in female mating preferences after a three-year field suppression.The suppression of A.albopictus does not impact the population of the coexisting nontarget species C.quinquefasciatus.After stopping releases,the population rebounded partially in Year 1 and appeared to fully recover in Year 2,with the rate of this recovery likely influenced by mosquito immigration associated with population flow.Conclusions Our study demonstrates the robustness,cost-effectiveness,scalability,and ecological safety of IIT as a tool for controlling mosquito-borne diseases.These findings support the implementation of field-applicable,lowdose IIT for sustainable dengue control.
文摘Background Aedes mosquitoes pose a significant global threat as vectors for several debilitating arboviruses,includ-ing dengue,Zika,yellow fever,and chikungunya.Their unique breeding habits,behavior,and daytime activity compli-cate control efforts,prompting the search for innovative solutions.The sterile insect technique(SIT)and incompatible insect technique(IIT)are promising new techniques under investigation.This review synthesizes findings from field trials on SIT and/or IIT for Aedes mosquito control.Methods A scoping review was conducted through comprehensive searches on Scopus,Web of Science,MEDLINE,PubMed,and preprint repositories up to April 25,2024.Studies were initially screened for relevance based on their titles and abstracts,followed by a full-text review conducted by two independent extractors.Only field trials with con-trol groups were included,with the final assessment focusing on trials reporting epidemiological outcomes.Data were abstracted into templates,emphasizing study design,intervention details,and outcomes.The review adhered to the PRISMA-ScR guidelines.Results The search identified 21 field trials in various countries against Aedes mosquitoes.These trials employed diverse methodologies and mosquito release strategies,achieving varying levels of mosquito population suppression.Notably,two SIT and two Wolbachia-based IIT trials reported epidemiological outcomes,including reductions in den-gue incidence and associated risk ratios.However,the reliance on national surveillance data for assessing dengue incidence suggests caution due to the potential underreporting of subclinical cases.Conclusions The review underscores the promise of SIT and IIT for controlling Aedes mosquito populations,cit-ing successful reductions in mosquito densities and dengue transmission.However,it calls for more rigorous study designs and standardized methodologies,as well as the adoption of comprehensive frameworks to accurately assess the effectiveness of these interventions.Future research should focus on bridging gaps in real-world effectiveness by addressing factors such as feasibility,acceptability,scalability,and cost,which are crucial for guiding their success-ful large-scale deployment in any country.
