Ultrasound-guided transvaginal oocyte retrieval （TVOR） has become the gold standard for couples undergoing in-vitro fertilization （IVF）. Despite a relatively low complication rate following the procedure, here we ...Ultrasound-guided transvaginal oocyte retrieval （TVOR） has become the gold standard for couples undergoing in-vitro fertilization （IVF）. Despite a relatively low complication rate following the procedure, here we report a rare case of a ruptured ovarian abscess presenting late after ultrasound-guided TVOR in a 32-year-old woman with ovarian endometriomata. Prompt intervention and proper choices of treatment led to rapid patient recovery with no long-term sequelae. Rupture of ovarian abscess needs to be included in the differential diagnosis of a patient presenting with abdominal pain following TVOR.展开更多
Objective: To determine the effects of fasting of Ramadan in patients undergoing in-vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles. Design: A prospective cohort study conducted during Ramadan...Objective: To determine the effects of fasting of Ramadan in patients undergoing in-vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles. Design: A prospective cohort study conducted during Ramadan. Setting: Ain Shams University IVF centre. Population: Three hundred fasting, infertile women undergoing their first trial of IVF/ICSI and 300 non-fasting matched controls undergoing the same procedure during Ramadan. Methods: Anxiety and depression were measured by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, at the start of the induction protocol. All the successful pregnant women were followed up until delivery. Main Outcome Measures: The primary outcome measure was the live birth rate. Results: The live birth rate was higher in the fasting group than in the non-fasting group;this was not significant (43% vs. 40%, P = 0.46). The fasting group needed higher doses and durations of induction. Embryo quality did not differ between both groups. The pregnancy complication rate among successful cases was higher in the fasting group (52.9% vs. 40.4%, P = 0.03);however, the frequencies of anxiety and depression were significantly lower than those in the non-fasting group (18% vs. 38%, P P < 0.00001, respectively). Conclusion: Fasting during Ramadan does not seem to significantly affect the IVF/ICSI outcome;however, it significantly decreased the anxiety and depression usually associated with these procedures.展开更多
[Objective]The aim was to explore optimization of system of oocytes in-vitro culture of young animals. [Method]Effects of EGF （ epidermal growth factor） and β-mercaptoethanol in maturation media on fertilization,cl...[Objective]The aim was to explore optimization of system of oocytes in-vitro culture of young animals. [Method]Effects of EGF （ epidermal growth factor） and β-mercaptoethanol in maturation media on fertilization,cleavage and blastaea were researched,which were then compared with those of adult sheep. [Result]EGF in different concentrations had little effects on rates of cleavage and blastaea （ P 〉0.05） and β-mer-captoethanol in different concentrations would improve blastaea rate of oocytes,for example,100 μmol/L of β-mercaptoethanol has significant effects on balstaea rate （ P 〈0.05） ,but has little effects on cleavage rate （ P 〉0. 05） . In addition,rates of cleavage and balstaea of oocytes in lamb were both lower than those of adult sheep （ P 〈0.05） ; fertilization rate of oocytes in lamb （ P 〈0.05） ,which differed little with that of adult sheep （ P 〉0.05） ,could be significantly enhanced by 100 μmol/L of β-mercaptoethanol. Furthermore,polyspermy rate was higher than that of adult sheep without β-mercaptoethanol （ P 〈0.05） ; the rate was of little differences with that of adult sheep with 100 μmol/L of β-mercaptoethanol （ P 〉 0.05） ; unfertilization rate （ 20%） in media without β-mercaptoethanol was a little higher （ P 〉0.05） than those of adult sheep （ 12.3%） and those in media with β-mercaptoethanol （ 13.5%） . [Conclusion]Developmental capacity of oocytes and fertilization rate could be improved by 100 μmol/L of β-mercaptoethanol with polyspermy rate reduced,but developmental capacity of lamb was significantly lower than that of adult sheep.展开更多
Purpose: Insulin resistance (IR) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS);therefore, insulin-sensitizing agents are widely used to improve IR in women with PCOS. However, whether...Purpose: Insulin resistance (IR) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS);therefore, insulin-sensitizing agents are widely used to improve IR in women with PCOS. However, whether IR in patients without PCOS should be treated remains uncertain. This study aims to clarify whether IR in patients without PCOS affects the outcomes of in-vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) and pregnancy. Methods: Between January 2011 and December 2013, we retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 116 non-PCOS patients who underwent the first IVF–ET cycle. IR was calculated using the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index [HOMA-IR = (insulin × glucose)/405]. A HOMA index of >2.5 was used to indicate IR. Based on the HOMA index calculation, 28 patients were IR(+) and 88 patients had normal insulin sensitivity. We retrospectively compared the response with controlled ovarian hyperstimulation, retrieved oocytes number, fertilization rates, pregnancy rate, live birth rates, and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) incidence. Results: There were no significant differences in human menopausal gonadotropin administration, peak estradiol, retrieved oocyte number, fertilized embryo number, good quality embryo number, implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate, miscarriage rate, delivery rate, or ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and GDM incidences between the groups. Conclusion: IR in non-PCOS patients has no effect on IVF-ET outcomes or perinatal prognosis.展开更多
This study aimed to investigate the effect of different gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) administration methods on pregnancy outcomes of patients undergoing in-vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-E...This study aimed to investigate the effect of different gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) administration methods on pregnancy outcomes of patients undergoing in-vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET). Clinical data of 5217 patients who underwent IVF-ET were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into the long-acting GnRH-a group (n=1330) and the short-acting GnRH-a group (w=3887) based on their various treatment plans. The clinical and laboratory embryo data and clinical pregnancy outcomes were compared between the two groups. The results showed that there were no significant differences in the age, infertility, primary/secondary infertility rate, IVF rate, body mass index (BMI), antral follicle counting (AFC), folliclestimulating hormone (FSH) level, and the number of transplanted embryos between the two groups (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in the oocyte numbers, M II rate, fertilization rate, cleavage rate and blastocyst formation rate (P>0.05) between the two groups. The gonadotropin (Gn) using days, Gn dose and endometrial thickness were significantly greater in the long-acting GnRH-a group than those in the short-acting GnRH-a group (P<0.01). Additionally, the estradiol (E2) levels, blastocyst freezing rate, embryo utilization rate, transplant cancellation rate and abortion rate were significantly lower in the long-acting GnRH-a group than those in the shortacting GnRH-a group (P<0.01). The clinical pregnancy rate and embryo implantation rate were significantly higher in the long-acting GnRH-a group than in the short-acting GnRH-a group (P<O.Ol). It was concluded that use of long-acting GnRH-a can effectively reduce the transplant cancellation rate and improve the clinical pregnancy rate of the fresh cycle.展开更多
The effects of pituitary suppression with one-third depot of long-acting gonadotropin-releasing hormone（Gn RH） agonist in Gn RH agonist long protocol for in vitro fertilization（IVF）/intracytoplasmic sperm injectio...The effects of pituitary suppression with one-third depot of long-acting gonadotropin-releasing hormone（Gn RH） agonist in Gn RH agonist long protocol for in vitro fertilization（IVF）/intracytoplasmic sperm injection（ICSI） were investigated. A retrospective cohort study was performed on 3186 cycles undergoing IVF/ICSI with Gn RH agonist long protocol in a university-affiliated infertility center. The pituitary was suppressed with depot triptorelin of 1.25 mg or 1.875 mg. There was no significant difference in live birth rate between 1.25 mg triptorelin group and 1.875 mg triptorelin group（41.2% vs. 43.7%）. The mean luteinizing hormone（LH） level on follicle-stimulating hormone（FSH） starting day was significantly higher in 1.25 mg triptorelin group. The mean LH level on the day of human chorionic gonadotrophin（h CG） administration was slightly but statistically higher in 1.25 mg triptorelin group. There was no significant difference in the total FSH dose between the two groups. The number of retrieved oocytes was slightly but statistically less in 1.25 mg triptorelin group than in 1.875 mg triptorelin group（12.90±5.82 vs. 13.52±6.97）. There was no significant difference in clinical pregnancy rate between the two groups（50.5% vs. 54.5%）. It was suggested that one-third depot triptorelin can achieve satisfactory pituitary suppression and produce good live birth rates in a long protocol for IVF/ICSI.展开更多
Terrestrial ecosystems heavily depend on vegetation,which responds to carbon dioxide(CO_(2))fertilization in hot and humid regions.The subtropical humid karst region is a hot and humid region;whether and to what exten...Terrestrial ecosystems heavily depend on vegetation,which responds to carbon dioxide(CO_(2))fertilization in hot and humid regions.The subtropical humid karst region is a hot and humid region;whether and to what extent CO_(2)fertilization affects vegetation changes in such regions remains unclear.In this study,we investigated the degree to which CO_(2)fertilization influences vegetation changes,along with their spatial and temporal differences,in the subtropical humid karst region using time-lag effect analysis,a random forest model,and multiple regression analysis.Results showed that CO_(2)fertilization plays an important role in vegetation changes,exhibiting clear spatial variations across different geomorphological zones,with its degree of influence ranging mainly between 11%and 25%.The highest contribution of CO_(2)fertilization was observed in the karst basin and non-karstic region,whereas the lowest contribution was found in the karst plateau region.Previous studies have primarily attributed vegetation changes in subtropical humid karst region to ecological engineering,leading to an overestimation of its contribution to these changes.The findings of this study enhance the understanding of the mechanism of vegetation changes in humid karst region and provide theoretical and practical insights for ecological and environmental protection in these regions.展开更多
A four-year field experiment was conducted with two cultivars and four N rate to investigate the spatiotemporal characteristics of leaf senescence in maize after silking and its response to N fertilizer rates on them,...A four-year field experiment was conducted with two cultivars and four N rate to investigate the spatiotemporal characteristics of leaf senescence in maize after silking and its response to N fertilizer rates on them,as well as to reveal the differences in post-silking chlorophyll degradation between low-N-tolerant cultivars.The results showed that the order of leaf senescence after silking in maize was lower leaf>upper leaf>ear leaf,leaf tip>middle>base.Increasing N fertilizer down-regulated the expression of ZmCLH2 and ZmPPH in the leaves at 10-30 d after silking,reducing CLH and PPH activities,thereby delaying the leaf senescence.These effects were more prominent in low-N-sensitive cultivar Xianyu 508(XY508)than in low-N-tolerant cultivar Zhenghong 311(ZH311),especially in the lower leaves and leaf tip.Under low N condition,leaf yellowing and chlorophyll degradation occurred later and slower in ZH311 than in XY508.This resulted in a higher post-silking dry matter accumulation and grain yield in ZH311,which may be one of the important physiological bases of low nitrogen tolerant cultivars.Future research should focus on developing low-N-tolerant maize cultivars with slower leaf senescence near the ear after silking.展开更多
Controlled-release/stable nitrogen(N)fertilizers can improve vegetable yields and achieve lower greenhouse gas emissions,resulting in cost-effective and environmentally friendly vegetable production.However,there has ...Controlled-release/stable nitrogen(N)fertilizers can improve vegetable yields and achieve lower greenhouse gas emissions,resulting in cost-effective and environmentally friendly vegetable production.However,there has been limited research on the controlled-release/stable N fertilization in long-term fixed-position vegetable rotation fields.In this study,a five-year field experiment was conducted to examine the effects of long-term controlled-release/stable N fertilization in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and increasing lettuce yield.Six distinct treatments were employed for N fertilization:the control without N fertilizer(CK),normal local farming practices with application of urea fertilizer at 400 kg N ha^(-1)(T1),optimized application of urea at 320 kg N ha^(-1)(T2),optimized application of urea at 320 kg N ha^(-1)with supplementation of 1.0 kg ha^(-1)3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate(DMPP)as N inhibitor(T3),application of polyurethane-coated urea at 320 kg N ha^(-1)(T4),and application of polyurethane-coated urea at 320 kg N ha^(-1)with supplementation of 1.0 kg ha^(-1)DMPP(T5).The results showed that the T3,T4,and T5 treatments using controlled-release/stable N fertilization emitted about 12.2%-56.7%less average annual cumulative nitrous oxide(N_(2)O)and 1.31%-10.0%less carbon dioxide(CO_(2))than the T2 treatment.Nitrous oxide and CO_(2)emissions from the T4 and T5 treatments were considerably lower than those from the T3 treatment.No significant seasonal or interannual variability was observed in N_(2)O and CO_(2)emissions.The observed phenomena were attributed to the fluctuations in soil ammonium-and nitrate-N contents.The findings in this study revealed that long-term controlled-release/stable N fertilization resulted in reduced field N loss,benefitting vegetable yields without increasing CO_(2)emissions and highlighting the application potential of this technique for sustainable agricultural production.展开更多
Infertility,defined as the inability to achieve a clinical pregnancy after 1 year of unprotected and regular sexual intercourse,affects approximately 8%–12%of couples worldwide during their childbearing years.Assiste...Infertility,defined as the inability to achieve a clinical pregnancy after 1 year of unprotected and regular sexual intercourse,affects approximately 8%–12%of couples worldwide during their childbearing years.Assisted reproductive technology(ART)offers interventions to facilitate conception in couples with infertility.Since the inception of traditional in vitro fertilization(IVF)in 1978,ART has facilitated the birth of millions of infants.Intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI)is an effective technique for couples ineligible for traditional IVF.Individual female factors,such as age and endometrial thickness,have been shown to affect embryo development during the IVF process,resulting in unfavorable pregnancy outcomes[1-3].However,the influence of environmental and male factors on early reproductive outcomes cannot be ignored.As a novel form of environmental pollution,light at night(LAN)has intensified with the rapid pace of urbanization,potentially leading to reproductive health problems in both women and men.However,to our knowledge,no study has explored the effects of LAN exposure on the early reproductive outcomes of IVF.Furthermore,the normal development of embryos relies on the contributions of both partners,and the influence of male factors on the early reproductive outcomes of IVF should not be overlooked.展开更多
The eutrophication of rivers and lakes is becoming increasingly common,primarily because of pollution from agricultural non-point sources.We investigated the effects of optimized water and fertilizer treatments on agr...The eutrophication of rivers and lakes is becoming increasingly common,primarily because of pollution from agricultural non-point sources.We investigated the effects of optimized water and fertilizer treatments on agricultural non-point source pollution in the Nansi Lake basin.The water heat carbon nitrogen simulator model(WHCNS model)was used to analyze water and nitrogen transport in wheat fields in Nansi Lake basin.Four water and fertilizer treatments were set up:conventional fertilization and irrigation(CK),reduced controlled-release fertilizer and conventional irrigation(F2W1),an equal amount of controlled-release fertilizer and reduced irrigation(F1W2),and reduced controlled-release fertilizer and reduced irrigation(F2W2).The results indicated that the replacement of conventional fertilizers with controlled-release fertilizers,combined with reduced irrigation,led to reduced nitrogen loss.Compared with those of the CK,the cumulative nitrogen leaching and ammonia volatilization of F2W1 were reduced by 8.90 and 41.67%,respectively;under F1W2,the same parameters were reduced by 12.50 and 15.99%,respectively.Compared with the other treatments,F2W2 significantly reduced nitrogen loss while producing a stable yield.Compared with those of the CK,ammonia volatilization and nitrogen loss due to leaching were reduced by 29.17 and 27.13%,respectively,water and nitrogen use efficiencies increased by 11.38 and 17.80%,respectively.F2W2 showed the best performance among the treatments,considering water and fertilizer management.Our findings highlight the effectiveness of optimizing water and fertilizer application in improving the water and nitrogen use efficiency of wheat,which is of great significance for mitigating nitrogen loss from farmland in the Nansi Lake basin.展开更多
To make agricultural systems sustainable in terms of their greenness and efficiency,optimizing the tillage and fertilization practices is essential.To assess the effects of tilling and fertilization practices in wheat...To make agricultural systems sustainable in terms of their greenness and efficiency,optimizing the tillage and fertilization practices is essential.To assess the effects of tilling and fertilization practices in wheat-maize cropping systems,a three-year field experiment was designed to quantify the carbon footprint(CF)and energy efficiency of the cropping systems in the North China Plain.The study parameters included four tillage practices(no tillage(NT),conventional tillage(CT),rotary tillage(RT),and subsoiling rotary tillage(SRT))and two fertilizer regimes(inorganic fertilizer(IF)and hybrid fertilizer with organic and inorganic components(HF)).The results indicated that the most prominent energy inputs and greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions could be ascribed to the use of fertilizers and fuel consumption.Under the same fertilization regime,ranking the tillage patterns with respect to the value of the crop yield,profit,CF,energy use efficiency(EUE)or energy productivity(EP)for either wheat or maize always gave the same sequence of SRT>RT>CT>NT.For the same tillage,the energy consumption associated with HF was higher than IF,but its GHG emissions and CF were lower while the yield and profit were higher.In terms of overall performance,tilling is more beneficial than NT,and reduced tillage practices(RT and SRT)are more beneficial than CT.The fertilization regime with the best overall performance was HF.Combining SRT with HF has significant potential for reducing CF and increasing EUE,thereby improving sustainability.Adopting measures that promote these optimizations can help to overcome the challenges posed by a lack of food security,energy crises and ecological stress.展开更多
The ability of natural conception decreases with age,leading many advanced-age women with fertility desire begin to attempt in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer(IVF-ET)technique nowadays.Traditional Chinese medi...The ability of natural conception decreases with age,leading many advanced-age women with fertility desire begin to attempt in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer(IVF-ET)technique nowadays.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)believes that human body undergoes periodic changes corresponding to the natural rhythms.Women exhibit distinct physiological lunar rhythms of the thoroughfare vessel and the conception vessel,as well as pathological rhythms during the menstrual cycle and IVF-ET cycle.Based on the theory of TCM temporal rhythm,this paper discusses the pathogenesis characteristics of infertility in advanced-age women at different stages.It believes that acupuncture intervention should comply with the following ideas:determining main acupoints based on disease differentiation,with a preference for the acupoints on the thoroughfare vessel,the conception vessel,spleen meridian and kidney meridian,as well as the back-shu points of the liver,spleen and kidney;determining the supplementary acupoints based on syndrome differentiation and symptoms;determining the supplementary acupoints based on time differentiation of lunar rhythm of the thoroughfare vessel and the conception vessel,and integrating both reinforcing and reducing techniques.During the process of intervention,the physical and mental states were balanced simultaneously.展开更多
The combined application of organic manure and chemical fertilizers is an effective way to enhance soil organic carbon(SOC)sequestration through its influences on organic carbon(OC)input and the stability of SOC fract...The combined application of organic manure and chemical fertilizers is an effective way to enhance soil organic carbon(SOC)sequestration through its influences on organic carbon(OC)input and the stability of SOC fractions.However,there is limited information on the carbon sequestration efficiency(CSE)of chemically separated SOC fractions and its response to OC input under long-term fertilization regimes,especially at different sites.This study used three long-term fertilization experiments in Gongzhuling,Zhengzhou and Qiyang spanning 20 years to compare the stocks and CSE in four different OC fractions(very labile OC,labile OC,less labile OC,and non-labile OC)and their relationships with annual OC input.Three treatments of no fertilization(CK),chemical nitrogen,phosphorous,and potassium fertilizers(NPK),and chemical NPK combined with manure(NPKM)were employed.The results showed that compared with CK,NPKM resulted in enhanced SOC stocks and sequestration rates as well as CSE levels of all fractions irrespective of experimental site.Specifically for the very labile and non-labile OC fractions,NPKM significantly increased the SOC stocks by 43 and 83%,77 and 86%,and 73 and 82%in Gongzhuling,Qiyang,and Zhengzhou relative to CK,respectively.However,the greatest changes in SOC stock relative to the initial value were associated with non-labile OC fractions in Gongzhuling,Zhengzhou,and Qiyang,which reached 6.65,7.16,and 7.35 Mg ha^(-1) under NPKM.Similarly,the highest CSE was noted for non-labile OC fractions under NPKM followed sequentially by the very labile OC,labile OC,and less-labile OC fractions,however a CSE of 8.56%in the non-labile OC fraction for Gongzhuling was higher than the values of 6.10 and 4.61%in Zhengzhou and Qiyang,respectively.In addition,the CSE for the passive pool(very labile+labile OC fractions)was higher than the active pool(less-labile+non-labile OC fractions),with the highest value in Gongzhuling.The redundancy analysis revealed that the CSEs of fractions and pools were negatively influenced by annual OC input,mean annual precipitation and temperature,but positively influenced by the initial SOC and total nitrogen contents.This suggests that differential stability of sequestered OC is further governed by indigenous site characteristics and variable amounts of annual OC input.展开更多
Long-term straw return with appropriate nitrogen(N)fertilization increases seedcotton yield and fiber quality,and the root system plays an important role in cotton production.However,under straw return and N fertiliza...Long-term straw return with appropriate nitrogen(N)fertilization increases seedcotton yield and fiber quality,and the root system plays an important role in cotton production.However,under straw return and N fertilization,the relationship between the cotton boll-loading capacity of the root system and seedcotton yield remains unclear.In this study,a ten years of long-term field experiment was conducted in a wheat-cotton rotation system.The effects of straw treatments(straw return and straw removal)and N rates(N0,N75,N150 and N300 representing 0,75,150 and 300 kg N ha^(-1),respectively)on cotton root activity,boll-loading capacity of the root system and their relationship to seedcotton yield from 2019 to 2022 were quantified.The results showed that straw return with an appropriate N fertilization of N150 increased root biomass,the rate and components of root-bleeding sap,as well as boll-loading capacity of the root system and seedcotton yield,but decreased the ratio of root to shoot biomass.Furthermore,the root-bleeding sap rate reached the maximum at 30 d post anthesis(DPA)during the peak boll setting stage.However,the contents of nitrate-N,free amino acids and soluble sugar in root-bleeding sap decreased from 10 DPA.Notably,in 2021 and at 30 DPA,the highest contents of nitrate-N(4.8μg mL^(-1))and free amino acids(8.3μg mL^(-1)),as well as soluble sugar(3.4μg mL^(-1))were observed at N150 under straw return.The increase in seedcotton yield is positively correlated to the soluble sugar content.Straw return significantly increased the boll-loading capacity of the root system,which first increased but then decreased with the increase in N fertilization.Under straw return with N150,the maximum seecotton yield(3455-4544 kg ha^(-1))was recorded,and the largest boll loading(49-54 boll 100 g^(-1))and boll capacity(242-292 g 100 g^(-1))of root system at the boll opening stage were observed.Therefore,straw return with appropriate N fertilization improved root activity and the boll-loading capacity of the root system,thereby increasing seedcotton yield.This study provides new insights into improving seedcotton yield from the perspective of coordinating cotton growth.展开更多
A growing global demand exists to formulate plans to lessen the greenhouse gas emissions produced by agricultural activities.The purpose of this study was to uncovered the changes in soil CO_(2)fluxes under varying sc...A growing global demand exists to formulate plans to lessen the greenhouse gas emissions produced by agricultural activities.The purpose of this study was to uncovered the changes in soil CO_(2)fluxes under varying scenarios including nitrogen fertilization rates,irrigation rates,and air temperatures in the Hetao Irrigation District(HID)over the 38-year period.DAYCENT model was used to predict carbon dioxide(CO_(2))fluxes from cultivated soils in the HID,Inner Mongolia from^(2)023 to 2060(the year of achieving the"carbon neutrality"goal)in this study.Results showed that mean soil CO_(2)fluxes in the sunflower field[1035.13 g/(m^(2).yr)]were significantly lower than those in the maize field[1405.54 g/(m^(2).yr)].An increase in nitrogen fertilization rate led to a significant escalation in soil CO_(2)fluxes.Moreover,elevating irrigation rates for washing salts by irrigation(WSBI)diminished soil CO_(2)fluxes in the sunflower field while amplifying them in the maize field.A rise in air temperature resulted in an increase in soil CO_(2)fluxes from the maize field,with annual increases observed,but a reduction in soil CO_(2)fluxes from the sunflower field.The sunflower fields in the HID have a more substantial advantage than the corn fields in mitigating soil CO_(2)emissions.展开更多
Background Some studies suggested that human papillomavirus （HPV） infection could reduce the clinical pregnancy rate and double the spontaneous abortion rate compared with non-infected women after in-vitro fertiliza...Background Some studies suggested that human papillomavirus （HPV） infection could reduce the clinical pregnancy rate and double the spontaneous abortion rate compared with non-infected women after in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer （IVF-ET）. But some other studies showed there was no difference between HPV infected and non-infected groups of ART outcomes. The role of HPV infection in infertile women undergoing IVF treatments has been a controversial issue which this article attempts to investigate. Methods This is a retrospective analysis of 3880 infertile women undergoing IVF treatment at Peking University Third hospital reproductive medical center in 2008. Patients with abnormal thin-layer preparation cytologic test （TCT） results who underwent fresh cycle embryo transfer were divided into an HPV positive group （n=56） and an HPV negative group （n=56）. The clinical parameters were compared （using Student＇s t-test and chi-squared test）. Univariate and multivariate analyses were taken to see if HPV infection affects the clinical pregnancy rate. Results Of the 3880 cases 157 had TCT abnormality （4.0%）. Of the 149 patients who had HPV test results, 112 women （81.2%） received a fresh cycle embryo transfer. Each group had 56 cases. The patients were of similar age and BMI, basic hormone levels, and infertile factors were similar. The gonadotropin use, oocyte retrieval number, clinical pregnancy rate, abortion rate and newborn condition were all similar between groups. Analyses showed neither HPV infection nor HPV hybrid capture （HC） II results affected clinical pregnancy rate after IVF treatments, but the FSH level did. Conclusion HPV positivity did not appear to impact assisted reproductive technology （ART） success. ＂Extensive treatment＂ for HPV before IVF was not recommended because treatment time will increase age and reduce ovarian function, which will lead to inferior IVF outcomes.展开更多
The pan-Arctic is confronted with air pollution transported from lower latitudes.Observations have shown that aerosols help increase plant photosynthesis through the diffuse radiation fertilization effects(DRFEs).Whil...The pan-Arctic is confronted with air pollution transported from lower latitudes.Observations have shown that aerosols help increase plant photosynthesis through the diffuse radiation fertilization effects(DRFEs).While such DRFEs have been explored at low to middle latitudes,the aerosol impacts on pan-Arctic ecosystems and the contributions by anthropogenic and natural emission sources remain less quantified.Here,we perform regional simulations at 0.2o×0.2ousing a well-validated vegetation model(Yale Interactive terrestrial Biosphere,YIBs)in combination with multi-source of observations to quantify the impacts of aerosol DRFEs on the net primary productivity(NPP)in the pan-Arctic during 2001-19.Results show that aerosol DRFEs increase pan-Arctic NPP by 2.19 Pg C(12.8%)yr^(-1)under clear-sky conditions,in which natural and anthropogenic sources contribute to 8.9% and 3.9%,respectively.Under all-sky conditions,such DRFEs are largely dampened by cloud to only 0.26 Pg C(1.24%)yr^(-1),with contributions of 0.65% by natural and 0.59% by anthropogenic species.Natural aerosols cause a positive NPP trend of 0.022% yr^(-1)following the increased fire activities in the pan-Arctic.In contrast,anthropogenic aerosols induce a negative trend of-0.01% yr^(-1)due to reduced emissions from the middle latitudes.Such trends in aerosol DRFEs show a turning point in the year of 2007 with more positive NPP trends by natural aerosols but negative NPP trends by anthropogenic aerosols thereafter.Though affected by modeling uncertainties,this study suggests a likely increasing impact of aerosols on terrestrial ecosystems in the pan-Arctic under global warming.展开更多
Objective The study aimed to investigate the impact of rare earth elements(REEs)exposure on pregnancy outcomes of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer(IVF-ET)by analyzing samples from spouses.Methods A total of 141 ...Objective The study aimed to investigate the impact of rare earth elements(REEs)exposure on pregnancy outcomes of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer(IVF-ET)by analyzing samples from spouses.Methods A total of 141 couples were included.Blood and follicular fluid from the wives and semen plasma from the husbands,were analyzed for REEs using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS).Spearman's correlation coefficients and the Mann–Whitney U test were used to assess correlations and compare REE concentrations among three types of samples,respectively.Logistic models were utilized to estimate the individual REE effect on IVF-ET outcomes,while BKMR and WQS models explored the mixture of REE interaction effects on IVF-ET outcomes.Results Higher La concentration in semen(median 0.089 ng/mL,P=0.03)was associated with a lower fertilization rate.However,this effect was not observed after artificial selection intervention through intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI)(P=0.27).In semen,the REEs mixture did not exhibit any significant association with clinical pregnancy.Conclusion Our study revealed a potential association between high La exposure in semen and a decline in fertilization rate,but not clinical pregnancy rate.This is the first to report REEs concentrations in follicular fluid with La,Ce,Pr,and Nd found at significantly lower concentrations than in serum,suggesting that these four REEs may not accumulate in the female reproductive system.However,at the current exposure levels,mixed REEs exposure did not exhibit reproductive toxicity.展开更多
In the restoration of degraded wetlands,fertilization can improve the vegetation-soil-microorganisms complex,thereby affecting the organic carbon content.However,it is currently unclear whether these effects are susta...In the restoration of degraded wetlands,fertilization can improve the vegetation-soil-microorganisms complex,thereby affecting the organic carbon content.However,it is currently unclear whether these effects are sustainable.This study employed Biolog-Eco surveys to investigate the changes in vegetation characteristics,soil physicochemical properties,and soil microbial functional diversity in degraded alpine wetlands of the source region of the Yellow River at 3 and 15 months after the application of nitrogen,phosphorus,and organic mixed fertilizer.The following results were obtained:The addition of nitrogen fertilizer and organic compost significantly affects the soil organic carbon content in degraded wetlands.Three months after fertilization,nitrogen addition increases soil organic carbon in both lightly and severely degraded wetlands,whereas after 15 months,organic compost enhanced the soil organic carbon level in severely degraded wetlands.Structural equation modeling indicates that fertilization decreases the soil pH and directly or indirectly influences the soil organic carbon levels through variations in the soil water content and the aboveground biomass of vegetation.Three months after fertilization,nitrogen fertilizer showed a direct positive effect on soil organic carbon.However,organic mixed fertilizer indirectly reduced soil organic carbon by increasing biomass and decreasing soil moisture.After 15 months,none of the fertilizers significantly affected the soil organic carbon level.In summary,it can be inferred that the addition of nitrogen fertilizer lacks sustainability in positively influencing the organic carbon content.展开更多
文摘Ultrasound-guided transvaginal oocyte retrieval （TVOR） has become the gold standard for couples undergoing in-vitro fertilization （IVF）. Despite a relatively low complication rate following the procedure, here we report a rare case of a ruptured ovarian abscess presenting late after ultrasound-guided TVOR in a 32-year-old woman with ovarian endometriomata. Prompt intervention and proper choices of treatment led to rapid patient recovery with no long-term sequelae. Rupture of ovarian abscess needs to be included in the differential diagnosis of a patient presenting with abdominal pain following TVOR.
文摘Objective: To determine the effects of fasting of Ramadan in patients undergoing in-vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles. Design: A prospective cohort study conducted during Ramadan. Setting: Ain Shams University IVF centre. Population: Three hundred fasting, infertile women undergoing their first trial of IVF/ICSI and 300 non-fasting matched controls undergoing the same procedure during Ramadan. Methods: Anxiety and depression were measured by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, at the start of the induction protocol. All the successful pregnant women were followed up until delivery. Main Outcome Measures: The primary outcome measure was the live birth rate. Results: The live birth rate was higher in the fasting group than in the non-fasting group;this was not significant (43% vs. 40%, P = 0.46). The fasting group needed higher doses and durations of induction. Embryo quality did not differ between both groups. The pregnancy complication rate among successful cases was higher in the fasting group (52.9% vs. 40.4%, P = 0.03);however, the frequencies of anxiety and depression were significantly lower than those in the non-fasting group (18% vs. 38%, P P < 0.00001, respectively). Conclusion: Fasting during Ramadan does not seem to significantly affect the IVF/ICSI outcome;however, it significantly decreased the anxiety and depression usually associated with these procedures.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31160460)Doctor Fund of Xinjiang Military Groups (2010JC10)+3 种基金National Wool Industry System (nycytx-40-06)National Key Technology Research and Development Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2011BAD28B05-1-1)863 Plan (2011AA100307)Breeding Strategy of Xinjiang Group (2011BA006)
文摘[Objective]The aim was to explore optimization of system of oocytes in-vitro culture of young animals. [Method]Effects of EGF （ epidermal growth factor） and β-mercaptoethanol in maturation media on fertilization,cleavage and blastaea were researched,which were then compared with those of adult sheep. [Result]EGF in different concentrations had little effects on rates of cleavage and blastaea （ P 〉0.05） and β-mer-captoethanol in different concentrations would improve blastaea rate of oocytes,for example,100 μmol/L of β-mercaptoethanol has significant effects on balstaea rate （ P 〈0.05） ,but has little effects on cleavage rate （ P 〉0. 05） . In addition,rates of cleavage and balstaea of oocytes in lamb were both lower than those of adult sheep （ P 〈0.05） ; fertilization rate of oocytes in lamb （ P 〈0.05） ,which differed little with that of adult sheep （ P 〉0.05） ,could be significantly enhanced by 100 μmol/L of β-mercaptoethanol. Furthermore,polyspermy rate was higher than that of adult sheep without β-mercaptoethanol （ P 〈0.05） ; the rate was of little differences with that of adult sheep with 100 μmol/L of β-mercaptoethanol （ P 〉 0.05） ; unfertilization rate （ 20%） in media without β-mercaptoethanol was a little higher （ P 〉0.05） than those of adult sheep （ 12.3%） and those in media with β-mercaptoethanol （ 13.5%） . [Conclusion]Developmental capacity of oocytes and fertilization rate could be improved by 100 μmol/L of β-mercaptoethanol with polyspermy rate reduced,but developmental capacity of lamb was significantly lower than that of adult sheep.
文摘Purpose: Insulin resistance (IR) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS);therefore, insulin-sensitizing agents are widely used to improve IR in women with PCOS. However, whether IR in patients without PCOS should be treated remains uncertain. This study aims to clarify whether IR in patients without PCOS affects the outcomes of in-vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) and pregnancy. Methods: Between January 2011 and December 2013, we retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 116 non-PCOS patients who underwent the first IVF–ET cycle. IR was calculated using the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index [HOMA-IR = (insulin × glucose)/405]. A HOMA index of >2.5 was used to indicate IR. Based on the HOMA index calculation, 28 patients were IR(+) and 88 patients had normal insulin sensitivity. We retrospectively compared the response with controlled ovarian hyperstimulation, retrieved oocytes number, fertilization rates, pregnancy rate, live birth rates, and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) incidence. Results: There were no significant differences in human menopausal gonadotropin administration, peak estradiol, retrieved oocyte number, fertilized embryo number, good quality embryo number, implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate, miscarriage rate, delivery rate, or ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and GDM incidences between the groups. Conclusion: IR in non-PCOS patients has no effect on IVF-ET outcomes or perinatal prognosis.
基金This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (No.2017CFB262).
文摘This study aimed to investigate the effect of different gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) administration methods on pregnancy outcomes of patients undergoing in-vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET). Clinical data of 5217 patients who underwent IVF-ET were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into the long-acting GnRH-a group (n=1330) and the short-acting GnRH-a group (w=3887) based on their various treatment plans. The clinical and laboratory embryo data and clinical pregnancy outcomes were compared between the two groups. The results showed that there were no significant differences in the age, infertility, primary/secondary infertility rate, IVF rate, body mass index (BMI), antral follicle counting (AFC), folliclestimulating hormone (FSH) level, and the number of transplanted embryos between the two groups (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in the oocyte numbers, M II rate, fertilization rate, cleavage rate and blastocyst formation rate (P>0.05) between the two groups. The gonadotropin (Gn) using days, Gn dose and endometrial thickness were significantly greater in the long-acting GnRH-a group than those in the short-acting GnRH-a group (P<0.01). Additionally, the estradiol (E2) levels, blastocyst freezing rate, embryo utilization rate, transplant cancellation rate and abortion rate were significantly lower in the long-acting GnRH-a group than those in the shortacting GnRH-a group (P<0.01). The clinical pregnancy rate and embryo implantation rate were significantly higher in the long-acting GnRH-a group than in the short-acting GnRH-a group (P<O.Ol). It was concluded that use of long-acting GnRH-a can effectively reduce the transplant cancellation rate and improve the clinical pregnancy rate of the fresh cycle.
基金supported by grants from Milstein Medical Asian American Partnership Foundation Fellowship Award in Reproductive Medicine,National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81170574 and No.81401177)Guangdong Province Natural Science Foundation of China(No.2015A030313286)Nanfang Hospital High-level Project Matching Funds in 2012(No.G201206)and 2014(No.G2014005)
文摘The effects of pituitary suppression with one-third depot of long-acting gonadotropin-releasing hormone（Gn RH） agonist in Gn RH agonist long protocol for in vitro fertilization（IVF）/intracytoplasmic sperm injection（ICSI） were investigated. A retrospective cohort study was performed on 3186 cycles undergoing IVF/ICSI with Gn RH agonist long protocol in a university-affiliated infertility center. The pituitary was suppressed with depot triptorelin of 1.25 mg or 1.875 mg. There was no significant difference in live birth rate between 1.25 mg triptorelin group and 1.875 mg triptorelin group（41.2% vs. 43.7%）. The mean luteinizing hormone（LH） level on follicle-stimulating hormone（FSH） starting day was significantly higher in 1.25 mg triptorelin group. The mean LH level on the day of human chorionic gonadotrophin（h CG） administration was slightly but statistically higher in 1.25 mg triptorelin group. There was no significant difference in the total FSH dose between the two groups. The number of retrieved oocytes was slightly but statistically less in 1.25 mg triptorelin group than in 1.875 mg triptorelin group（12.90±5.82 vs. 13.52±6.97）. There was no significant difference in clinical pregnancy rate between the two groups（50.5% vs. 54.5%）. It was suggested that one-third depot triptorelin can achieve satisfactory pituitary suppression and produce good live birth rates in a long protocol for IVF/ICSI.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41761003The Karst Science Research Center of Guizhou Province,No.U1812401。
文摘Terrestrial ecosystems heavily depend on vegetation,which responds to carbon dioxide(CO_(2))fertilization in hot and humid regions.The subtropical humid karst region is a hot and humid region;whether and to what extent CO_(2)fertilization affects vegetation changes in such regions remains unclear.In this study,we investigated the degree to which CO_(2)fertilization influences vegetation changes,along with their spatial and temporal differences,in the subtropical humid karst region using time-lag effect analysis,a random forest model,and multiple regression analysis.Results showed that CO_(2)fertilization plays an important role in vegetation changes,exhibiting clear spatial variations across different geomorphological zones,with its degree of influence ranging mainly between 11%and 25%.The highest contribution of CO_(2)fertilization was observed in the karst basin and non-karstic region,whereas the lowest contribution was found in the karst plateau region.Previous studies have primarily attributed vegetation changes in subtropical humid karst region to ecological engineering,leading to an overestimation of its contribution to these changes.The findings of this study enhance the understanding of the mechanism of vegetation changes in humid karst region and provide theoretical and practical insights for ecological and environmental protection in these regions.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD190160304 and 2018YFD0301206)Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(2022NSFSC0013)Sichuan Provincial Maize Innovation Team Construction Project(SCCXTD-2023-02).
文摘A four-year field experiment was conducted with two cultivars and four N rate to investigate the spatiotemporal characteristics of leaf senescence in maize after silking and its response to N fertilizer rates on them,as well as to reveal the differences in post-silking chlorophyll degradation between low-N-tolerant cultivars.The results showed that the order of leaf senescence after silking in maize was lower leaf>upper leaf>ear leaf,leaf tip>middle>base.Increasing N fertilizer down-regulated the expression of ZmCLH2 and ZmPPH in the leaves at 10-30 d after silking,reducing CLH and PPH activities,thereby delaying the leaf senescence.These effects were more prominent in low-N-sensitive cultivar Xianyu 508(XY508)than in low-N-tolerant cultivar Zhenghong 311(ZH311),especially in the lower leaves and leaf tip.Under low N condition,leaf yellowing and chlorophyll degradation occurred later and slower in ZH311 than in XY508.This resulted in a higher post-silking dry matter accumulation and grain yield in ZH311,which may be one of the important physiological bases of low nitrogen tolerant cultivars.Future research should focus on developing low-N-tolerant maize cultivars with slower leaf senescence near the ear after silking.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(Nos.ZR2022MD118 and ZR2022MD050)the Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences Science and Technology Innovation Capacity Construction Project,China(No.20230207)+3 种基金the Humanities and Social Science Foundation Project of Ministry of Education,China(No.22YJCZH166)the Technical System of Ecological Agriculture of Modern Agricultural Technology System in Shandong Province,China(No.SDAIT-30-02)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFD1701901)the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Non-profit Scientific Institution of China(No.1610132023006).
文摘Controlled-release/stable nitrogen(N)fertilizers can improve vegetable yields and achieve lower greenhouse gas emissions,resulting in cost-effective and environmentally friendly vegetable production.However,there has been limited research on the controlled-release/stable N fertilization in long-term fixed-position vegetable rotation fields.In this study,a five-year field experiment was conducted to examine the effects of long-term controlled-release/stable N fertilization in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and increasing lettuce yield.Six distinct treatments were employed for N fertilization:the control without N fertilizer(CK),normal local farming practices with application of urea fertilizer at 400 kg N ha^(-1)(T1),optimized application of urea at 320 kg N ha^(-1)(T2),optimized application of urea at 320 kg N ha^(-1)with supplementation of 1.0 kg ha^(-1)3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate(DMPP)as N inhibitor(T3),application of polyurethane-coated urea at 320 kg N ha^(-1)(T4),and application of polyurethane-coated urea at 320 kg N ha^(-1)with supplementation of 1.0 kg ha^(-1)DMPP(T5).The results showed that the T3,T4,and T5 treatments using controlled-release/stable N fertilization emitted about 12.2%-56.7%less average annual cumulative nitrous oxide(N_(2)O)and 1.31%-10.0%less carbon dioxide(CO_(2))than the T2 treatment.Nitrous oxide and CO_(2)emissions from the T4 and T5 treatments were considerably lower than those from the T3 treatment.No significant seasonal or interannual variability was observed in N_(2)O and CO_(2)emissions.The observed phenomena were attributed to the fluctuations in soil ammonium-and nitrate-N contents.The findings in this study revealed that long-term controlled-release/stable N fertilization resulted in reduced field N loss,benefitting vegetable yields without increasing CO_(2)emissions and highlighting the application potential of this technique for sustainable agricultural production.
基金supported by grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFC1004201)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82473642)+3 种基金Research Funds of the Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM(No.JKS2023017)Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province(No.2408085QH278)Research Fund of the Anhui Institute of Translational Medicine(No.2022zhyx-C05)Anhui Medical University National Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(No.S202410366070).
文摘Infertility,defined as the inability to achieve a clinical pregnancy after 1 year of unprotected and regular sexual intercourse,affects approximately 8%–12%of couples worldwide during their childbearing years.Assisted reproductive technology(ART)offers interventions to facilitate conception in couples with infertility.Since the inception of traditional in vitro fertilization(IVF)in 1978,ART has facilitated the birth of millions of infants.Intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI)is an effective technique for couples ineligible for traditional IVF.Individual female factors,such as age and endometrial thickness,have been shown to affect embryo development during the IVF process,resulting in unfavorable pregnancy outcomes[1-3].However,the influence of environmental and male factors on early reproductive outcomes cannot be ignored.As a novel form of environmental pollution,light at night(LAN)has intensified with the rapid pace of urbanization,potentially leading to reproductive health problems in both women and men.However,to our knowledge,no study has explored the effects of LAN exposure on the early reproductive outcomes of IVF.Furthermore,the normal development of embryos relies on the contributions of both partners,and the influence of male factors on the early reproductive outcomes of IVF should not be overlooked.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFD0800303)the Major Science and Technology Innovation Projects in Shandong Province,China(2021CXGC010804).
文摘The eutrophication of rivers and lakes is becoming increasingly common,primarily because of pollution from agricultural non-point sources.We investigated the effects of optimized water and fertilizer treatments on agricultural non-point source pollution in the Nansi Lake basin.The water heat carbon nitrogen simulator model(WHCNS model)was used to analyze water and nitrogen transport in wheat fields in Nansi Lake basin.Four water and fertilizer treatments were set up:conventional fertilization and irrigation(CK),reduced controlled-release fertilizer and conventional irrigation(F2W1),an equal amount of controlled-release fertilizer and reduced irrigation(F1W2),and reduced controlled-release fertilizer and reduced irrigation(F2W2).The results indicated that the replacement of conventional fertilizers with controlled-release fertilizers,combined with reduced irrigation,led to reduced nitrogen loss.Compared with those of the CK,the cumulative nitrogen leaching and ammonia volatilization of F2W1 were reduced by 8.90 and 41.67%,respectively;under F1W2,the same parameters were reduced by 12.50 and 15.99%,respectively.Compared with the other treatments,F2W2 significantly reduced nitrogen loss while producing a stable yield.Compared with those of the CK,ammonia volatilization and nitrogen loss due to leaching were reduced by 29.17 and 27.13%,respectively,water and nitrogen use efficiencies increased by 11.38 and 17.80%,respectively.F2W2 showed the best performance among the treatments,considering water and fertilizer management.Our findings highlight the effectiveness of optimizing water and fertilizer application in improving the water and nitrogen use efficiency of wheat,which is of great significance for mitigating nitrogen loss from farmland in the Nansi Lake basin.
基金supported by research grants from the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(ZR2020MC092)the Key Research and Development Project of Shandong Province,China(2019TSCYCX-33)the Key Research and Development Project of Shandong Province,China(LJNY202025).
文摘To make agricultural systems sustainable in terms of their greenness and efficiency,optimizing the tillage and fertilization practices is essential.To assess the effects of tilling and fertilization practices in wheat-maize cropping systems,a three-year field experiment was designed to quantify the carbon footprint(CF)and energy efficiency of the cropping systems in the North China Plain.The study parameters included four tillage practices(no tillage(NT),conventional tillage(CT),rotary tillage(RT),and subsoiling rotary tillage(SRT))and two fertilizer regimes(inorganic fertilizer(IF)and hybrid fertilizer with organic and inorganic components(HF)).The results indicated that the most prominent energy inputs and greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions could be ascribed to the use of fertilizers and fuel consumption.Under the same fertilization regime,ranking the tillage patterns with respect to the value of the crop yield,profit,CF,energy use efficiency(EUE)or energy productivity(EP)for either wheat or maize always gave the same sequence of SRT>RT>CT>NT.For the same tillage,the energy consumption associated with HF was higher than IF,but its GHG emissions and CF were lower while the yield and profit were higher.In terms of overall performance,tilling is more beneficial than NT,and reduced tillage practices(RT and SRT)are more beneficial than CT.The fertilization regime with the best overall performance was HF.Combining SRT with HF has significant potential for reducing CF and increasing EUE,thereby improving sustainability.Adopting measures that promote these optimizations can help to overcome the challenges posed by a lack of food security,energy crises and ecological stress.
基金Supported by Beijing University of Chinese Medicine First Class Discipline Construction:90010961020079。
文摘The ability of natural conception decreases with age,leading many advanced-age women with fertility desire begin to attempt in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer(IVF-ET)technique nowadays.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)believes that human body undergoes periodic changes corresponding to the natural rhythms.Women exhibit distinct physiological lunar rhythms of the thoroughfare vessel and the conception vessel,as well as pathological rhythms during the menstrual cycle and IVF-ET cycle.Based on the theory of TCM temporal rhythm,this paper discusses the pathogenesis characteristics of infertility in advanced-age women at different stages.It believes that acupuncture intervention should comply with the following ideas:determining main acupoints based on disease differentiation,with a preference for the acupoints on the thoroughfare vessel,the conception vessel,spleen meridian and kidney meridian,as well as the back-shu points of the liver,spleen and kidney;determining the supplementary acupoints based on syndrome differentiation and symptoms;determining the supplementary acupoints based on time differentiation of lunar rhythm of the thoroughfare vessel and the conception vessel,and integrating both reinforcing and reducing techniques.During the process of intervention,the physical and mental states were balanced simultaneously.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42177341)is highly acknowledged。
文摘The combined application of organic manure and chemical fertilizers is an effective way to enhance soil organic carbon(SOC)sequestration through its influences on organic carbon(OC)input and the stability of SOC fractions.However,there is limited information on the carbon sequestration efficiency(CSE)of chemically separated SOC fractions and its response to OC input under long-term fertilization regimes,especially at different sites.This study used three long-term fertilization experiments in Gongzhuling,Zhengzhou and Qiyang spanning 20 years to compare the stocks and CSE in four different OC fractions(very labile OC,labile OC,less labile OC,and non-labile OC)and their relationships with annual OC input.Three treatments of no fertilization(CK),chemical nitrogen,phosphorous,and potassium fertilizers(NPK),and chemical NPK combined with manure(NPKM)were employed.The results showed that compared with CK,NPKM resulted in enhanced SOC stocks and sequestration rates as well as CSE levels of all fractions irrespective of experimental site.Specifically for the very labile and non-labile OC fractions,NPKM significantly increased the SOC stocks by 43 and 83%,77 and 86%,and 73 and 82%in Gongzhuling,Qiyang,and Zhengzhou relative to CK,respectively.However,the greatest changes in SOC stock relative to the initial value were associated with non-labile OC fractions in Gongzhuling,Zhengzhou,and Qiyang,which reached 6.65,7.16,and 7.35 Mg ha^(-1) under NPKM.Similarly,the highest CSE was noted for non-labile OC fractions under NPKM followed sequentially by the very labile OC,labile OC,and less-labile OC fractions,however a CSE of 8.56%in the non-labile OC fraction for Gongzhuling was higher than the values of 6.10 and 4.61%in Zhengzhou and Qiyang,respectively.In addition,the CSE for the passive pool(very labile+labile OC fractions)was higher than the active pool(less-labile+non-labile OC fractions),with the highest value in Gongzhuling.The redundancy analysis revealed that the CSEs of fractions and pools were negatively influenced by annual OC input,mean annual precipitation and temperature,but positively influenced by the initial SOC and total nitrogen contents.This suggests that differential stability of sequestered OC is further governed by indigenous site characteristics and variable amounts of annual OC input.
基金supported by the Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Fund(CX(22)2015)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(XUEKEN2022008)+1 种基金the Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production Cosponsored by Province and Ministry(CIC-MCP)the Cotton Industry Technology Research System of Shandong Province(SDAIT-03).
文摘Long-term straw return with appropriate nitrogen(N)fertilization increases seedcotton yield and fiber quality,and the root system plays an important role in cotton production.However,under straw return and N fertilization,the relationship between the cotton boll-loading capacity of the root system and seedcotton yield remains unclear.In this study,a ten years of long-term field experiment was conducted in a wheat-cotton rotation system.The effects of straw treatments(straw return and straw removal)and N rates(N0,N75,N150 and N300 representing 0,75,150 and 300 kg N ha^(-1),respectively)on cotton root activity,boll-loading capacity of the root system and their relationship to seedcotton yield from 2019 to 2022 were quantified.The results showed that straw return with an appropriate N fertilization of N150 increased root biomass,the rate and components of root-bleeding sap,as well as boll-loading capacity of the root system and seedcotton yield,but decreased the ratio of root to shoot biomass.Furthermore,the root-bleeding sap rate reached the maximum at 30 d post anthesis(DPA)during the peak boll setting stage.However,the contents of nitrate-N,free amino acids and soluble sugar in root-bleeding sap decreased from 10 DPA.Notably,in 2021 and at 30 DPA,the highest contents of nitrate-N(4.8μg mL^(-1))and free amino acids(8.3μg mL^(-1)),as well as soluble sugar(3.4μg mL^(-1))were observed at N150 under straw return.The increase in seedcotton yield is positively correlated to the soluble sugar content.Straw return significantly increased the boll-loading capacity of the root system,which first increased but then decreased with the increase in N fertilization.Under straw return with N150,the maximum seecotton yield(3455-4544 kg ha^(-1))was recorded,and the largest boll loading(49-54 boll 100 g^(-1))and boll capacity(242-292 g 100 g^(-1))of root system at the boll opening stage were observed.Therefore,straw return with appropriate N fertilization improved root activity and the boll-loading capacity of the root system,thereby increasing seedcotton yield.This study provides new insights into improving seedcotton yield from the perspective of coordinating cotton growth.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(2020MS04001)Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Science and Technology Program Project+1 种基金Hetao College Science and Technology Research Project(HYYB202303)Hetao College Science and Technology Innovation Team.
文摘A growing global demand exists to formulate plans to lessen the greenhouse gas emissions produced by agricultural activities.The purpose of this study was to uncovered the changes in soil CO_(2)fluxes under varying scenarios including nitrogen fertilization rates,irrigation rates,and air temperatures in the Hetao Irrigation District(HID)over the 38-year period.DAYCENT model was used to predict carbon dioxide(CO_(2))fluxes from cultivated soils in the HID,Inner Mongolia from^(2)023 to 2060(the year of achieving the"carbon neutrality"goal)in this study.Results showed that mean soil CO_(2)fluxes in the sunflower field[1035.13 g/(m^(2).yr)]were significantly lower than those in the maize field[1405.54 g/(m^(2).yr)].An increase in nitrogen fertilization rate led to a significant escalation in soil CO_(2)fluxes.Moreover,elevating irrigation rates for washing salts by irrigation(WSBI)diminished soil CO_(2)fluxes in the sunflower field while amplifying them in the maize field.A rise in air temperature resulted in an increase in soil CO_(2)fluxes from the maize field,with annual increases observed,but a reduction in soil CO_(2)fluxes from the sunflower field.The sunflower fields in the HID have a more substantial advantage than the corn fields in mitigating soil CO_(2)emissions.
文摘Background Some studies suggested that human papillomavirus （HPV） infection could reduce the clinical pregnancy rate and double the spontaneous abortion rate compared with non-infected women after in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer （IVF-ET）. But some other studies showed there was no difference between HPV infected and non-infected groups of ART outcomes. The role of HPV infection in infertile women undergoing IVF treatments has been a controversial issue which this article attempts to investigate. Methods This is a retrospective analysis of 3880 infertile women undergoing IVF treatment at Peking University Third hospital reproductive medical center in 2008. Patients with abnormal thin-layer preparation cytologic test （TCT） results who underwent fresh cycle embryo transfer were divided into an HPV positive group （n=56） and an HPV negative group （n=56）. The clinical parameters were compared （using Student＇s t-test and chi-squared test）. Univariate and multivariate analyses were taken to see if HPV infection affects the clinical pregnancy rate. Results Of the 3880 cases 157 had TCT abnormality （4.0%）. Of the 149 patients who had HPV test results, 112 women （81.2%） received a fresh cycle embryo transfer. Each group had 56 cases. The patients were of similar age and BMI, basic hormone levels, and infertile factors were similar. The gonadotropin use, oocyte retrieval number, clinical pregnancy rate, abortion rate and newborn condition were all similar between groups. Analyses showed neither HPV infection nor HPV hybrid capture （HC） II results affected clinical pregnancy rate after IVF treatments, but the FSH level did. Conclusion HPV positivity did not appear to impact assisted reproductive technology （ART） success. ＂Extensive treatment＂ for HPV before IVF was not recommended because treatment time will increase age and reduce ovarian function, which will lead to inferior IVF outcomes.
基金jointly supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFE0106500)Jiangsu Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(Grant No.BK20200040)。
文摘The pan-Arctic is confronted with air pollution transported from lower latitudes.Observations have shown that aerosols help increase plant photosynthesis through the diffuse radiation fertilization effects(DRFEs).While such DRFEs have been explored at low to middle latitudes,the aerosol impacts on pan-Arctic ecosystems and the contributions by anthropogenic and natural emission sources remain less quantified.Here,we perform regional simulations at 0.2o×0.2ousing a well-validated vegetation model(Yale Interactive terrestrial Biosphere,YIBs)in combination with multi-source of observations to quantify the impacts of aerosol DRFEs on the net primary productivity(NPP)in the pan-Arctic during 2001-19.Results show that aerosol DRFEs increase pan-Arctic NPP by 2.19 Pg C(12.8%)yr^(-1)under clear-sky conditions,in which natural and anthropogenic sources contribute to 8.9% and 3.9%,respectively.Under all-sky conditions,such DRFEs are largely dampened by cloud to only 0.26 Pg C(1.24%)yr^(-1),with contributions of 0.65% by natural and 0.59% by anthropogenic species.Natural aerosols cause a positive NPP trend of 0.022% yr^(-1)following the increased fire activities in the pan-Arctic.In contrast,anthropogenic aerosols induce a negative trend of-0.01% yr^(-1)due to reduced emissions from the middle latitudes.Such trends in aerosol DRFEs show a turning point in the year of 2007 with more positive NPP trends by natural aerosols but negative NPP trends by anthropogenic aerosols thereafter.Though affected by modeling uncertainties,this study suggests a likely increasing impact of aerosols on terrestrial ecosystems in the pan-Arctic under global warming.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC2702900 and 2021YFC2701103)National Natural Science Foundation of China(82171654)。
文摘Objective The study aimed to investigate the impact of rare earth elements(REEs)exposure on pregnancy outcomes of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer(IVF-ET)by analyzing samples from spouses.Methods A total of 141 couples were included.Blood and follicular fluid from the wives and semen plasma from the husbands,were analyzed for REEs using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS).Spearman's correlation coefficients and the Mann–Whitney U test were used to assess correlations and compare REE concentrations among three types of samples,respectively.Logistic models were utilized to estimate the individual REE effect on IVF-ET outcomes,while BKMR and WQS models explored the mixture of REE interaction effects on IVF-ET outcomes.Results Higher La concentration in semen(median 0.089 ng/mL,P=0.03)was associated with a lower fertilization rate.However,this effect was not observed after artificial selection intervention through intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI)(P=0.27).In semen,the REEs mixture did not exhibit any significant association with clinical pregnancy.Conclusion Our study revealed a potential association between high La exposure in semen and a decline in fertilization rate,but not clinical pregnancy rate.This is the first to report REEs concentrations in follicular fluid with La,Ce,Pr,and Nd found at significantly lower concentrations than in serum,suggesting that these four REEs may not accumulate in the female reproductive system.However,at the current exposure levels,mixed REEs exposure did not exhibit reproductive toxicity.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundations of China(32160269)the International Science and Technology Cooperation Project of Qinghai province of China(2022-HZ-817).
文摘In the restoration of degraded wetlands,fertilization can improve the vegetation-soil-microorganisms complex,thereby affecting the organic carbon content.However,it is currently unclear whether these effects are sustainable.This study employed Biolog-Eco surveys to investigate the changes in vegetation characteristics,soil physicochemical properties,and soil microbial functional diversity in degraded alpine wetlands of the source region of the Yellow River at 3 and 15 months after the application of nitrogen,phosphorus,and organic mixed fertilizer.The following results were obtained:The addition of nitrogen fertilizer and organic compost significantly affects the soil organic carbon content in degraded wetlands.Three months after fertilization,nitrogen addition increases soil organic carbon in both lightly and severely degraded wetlands,whereas after 15 months,organic compost enhanced the soil organic carbon level in severely degraded wetlands.Structural equation modeling indicates that fertilization decreases the soil pH and directly or indirectly influences the soil organic carbon levels through variations in the soil water content and the aboveground biomass of vegetation.Three months after fertilization,nitrogen fertilizer showed a direct positive effect on soil organic carbon.However,organic mixed fertilizer indirectly reduced soil organic carbon by increasing biomass and decreasing soil moisture.After 15 months,none of the fertilizers significantly affected the soil organic carbon level.In summary,it can be inferred that the addition of nitrogen fertilizer lacks sustainability in positively influencing the organic carbon content.
