Introduction: The occurrence of intrauterine fetal death (IUFD) is a traumatic event not only for the mother and her family but also for the obstetric team. IUFD is a common event. Objective: the aim of our study is t...Introduction: The occurrence of intrauterine fetal death (IUFD) is a traumatic event not only for the mother and her family but also for the obstetric team. IUFD is a common event. Objective: the aim of our study is to describe the epidemiological, diagnostic and management aspects of IUFD at the Sylvanus Olympio University Teaching Hospital (CHU SO), Lomé. Methodology: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection process that concerned cases of IUFD from January 1st 2023 to December 31, 2023 at CHU SO. Results: The hospital prevalence of IUFD was 2.43%. The mean age of the mothers was 30.6 ± 6 years. The Multigestures represented 32.52% and primiparous women represented 29.72%. Pregnant women were referred in 88.11% of cases;47.55% had done at least 4 antenatal care visits and 4.20% had a history of IUFD. The etiological factors of IUFD were preeclampsia in 28.67% of cases, retroplacental hematoma in 28.67% and premature rupture of membranes in 4.55% of cases. Misoprostol was used for artificial induction of labor in 57.14% of cases and the delivery route was vaginal in 75.87% of cases. Conclusion: The frequency of IUFD is high and its reduction remains a challenge in low-income countries.展开更多
Tree shrews（also named banxrings）,the small mammals native to Southeast Asia,are featured by moderate size,easy breeding,high reproductivity and close genetic background to primates（Xu et al.,2012;Xiao et al.,2017...Tree shrews（also named banxrings）,the small mammals native to Southeast Asia,are featured by moderate size,easy breeding,high reproductivity and close genetic background to primates（Xu et al.,2012;Xiao et al.,2017）.Tiee shrews possess both conserved and unique features compared to primates,and thus will become a suitable animal model with modest cost-effciency（Yao,2017）.展开更多
Neuro D plays a key regulatory effect on differentiation of neural stem cells into mature neurons in the brain.Thus,we assumed that electroacupuncture at Baihui（DU20） acupoint in newborn rats exposed to in utero fet...Neuro D plays a key regulatory effect on differentiation of neural stem cells into mature neurons in the brain.Thus,we assumed that electroacupuncture at Baihui（DU20） acupoint in newborn rats exposed to in utero fetal distress would influence expression of Neuro D.Electroacupuncture at Baihui was performed for 20 minutes on 3-day-old（Day 3） newborn Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to in utero fetal distress;electroacupuncture parameters consisted of sparse and dense waves at a frequency of 2–10 Hz.Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR results demonstrated that m RNA expression of Neuro D,a molecule that indicates Neuro D,increased with prolonged time in brains of newborn rats,and peaked on Day 22.The level of m RNA expression was similar between Day 16 and Day 35.These findings suggest that electro acupuncture at Baihui acupoint could effectively increase m RNA expression of molecules involved in Neuro D in the brains of newborn rats exposed to in utero fetal distress.展开更多
Nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems have the potential to revolutionize medicine,but their low vascular permeability and rapid clearance by phagocytic cells have limited their medical impact.Nanoparticles deliver...Nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems have the potential to revolutionize medicine,but their low vascular permeability and rapid clearance by phagocytic cells have limited their medical impact.Nanoparticles delivered at the in utero stage can overcome these key limitations due to the high rate of angiogenesis and cell division in fetal tissue and the under-developed immune system.However,very little is known about nanoparticle drug delivery at the fetal stage of development.In this report,using Ai9 CRE reporter mice,we demonstrate that lipid nanoparticle(LNP)mRNA complexes can deliver mRNA in utero,and can access and transfect major organs,such as the heart,the liver,kidneys,lungs and the gastrointestinal tract with remarkable efficiency and low toxicity.In addition,at 4 weeks after birth,we demonstrate that 50.99±5.05%,36.62±3.42%and 23.7±3.21%of myofiber in the diaphragm,heart and skeletal muscle,respectively,were transfected.Finally,we show here that Cas9 mRNA and sgRNA complexed to LNPs were able to edit the fetal organs in utero.These experiments demonstrate the possibility of non-viral delivery of mRNA to organs outside of the liver in utero,which provides a promising strategy for treating a wide variety of devastating diseases before birth.展开更多
The objective is to report a clinical case of vaginal cesarean section performed to expel a dead fetus in scarred uterus. For this indication, vaginal hysterectomy constitutes an alternative to vaginal expulsion with ...The objective is to report a clinical case of vaginal cesarean section performed to expel a dead fetus in scarred uterus. For this indication, vaginal hysterectomy constitutes an alternative to vaginal expulsion with a high risk of uterine rupture and to classic abdominal cesarean section with risk of significant surgical trauma, particularly adhesions. However, this surgical technique, described since the 19th century, remains unknown to many practitioners and few publications exist on the subject throughout the world. Considered obsolete by some practitioners, it retains all its advantages in the practice of modern obstetrics. We report this case of expulsion of fetal death on a tri-scarred uterus performed by vaginal cesarean section at the Health District Reference Health Center (District Hospital) of Commune I in Bamako, Mali in a 37-year-old patient with a pregnancy of 27 weeks of amenorrhea.展开更多
Objective To examine maternal and fetal exposure levels to four carcinogenic metals, arsenic （As）, cadmium （Cd）, nickel （Ni）, and beryllium （Be）, and to investigate their environmental influences. Methods Meta...Objective To examine maternal and fetal exposure levels to four carcinogenic metals, arsenic （As）, cadmium （Cd）, nickel （Ni）, and beryllium （Be）, and to investigate their environmental influences. Methods Metal concentrations in maternal and umbilical cord blood were measured by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry （ICP-MS）. Environmental factors that might play a role in exposure were analyzed using Mann Whitney nonparametric U-tests and multiple linear regression. Results The concentrations of As, Cd, and Ni in umbilical cord blood （5.41, 0.87, and 139.54 gg/L） were significantly lower than those in maternal blood （6.91, 1.93, and 165.93 p.g/L）. There were significant positive correlations between the maternal and cord concentrations of each carcinogen. Our results showed that： （i） exposures to potentially harmful occupational factors during pregnancy were associated with high levels of maternal As, Cd, and Ni; （ii） living close to major transportation routes （〈500 m） or exposure to second-hand smoke during pregnancy increased the maternal Cd levels and （iii） living close to industrial chimneys induced high maternal Ni levels. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that these environmental factors remained significant in models of the influences of these four carcinogens. Conclusion Both mothers and fetuses had been exposed to As, Cd, Ni, and Be. The increased levels of these carcinogens in pregnant women were associated with some detrimental environmental factors, such as occupational exposure, contact with second-hand smoke and living close to major transportation routes or industrial chimneys.展开更多
AIM： TO accurately and realistically elucidate human stem cell behaviors in vivo and the fundamental mechanisms controlling human stem cell fates in vivo, which is urgently required in regenerative medicine and treat...AIM： TO accurately and realistically elucidate human stem cell behaviors in vivo and the fundamental mechanisms controlling human stem cell fates in vivo, which is urgently required in regenerative medicine and treatments for some human diseases, a surrogate human-rat chimera model was developed. METHODS： Human-rat chimeras were achieved by in utero transplanting low-density mononuclear cells from human umbilical cord blood into the fetal rats at 9-11 d of gestation, and subsequently, a variety of methods, including flow cytometry, PCR as well as immunohistochemical assay, were used to test the human donor contribution in the recipients. RESULTS： Of 29 live-born recipients, 19 had the presence of human CD45^＋ cells in peripheral blood （PB） detected by flow cytometry, while PCR analysis on genomic DNA from 11 different adult tissues showed that 14 selected from flow cytometry-positive 19 animals possessed of donor-derived human cell engraftment in multiple tissues （i.e. liver, spleen, thymus, heart, kidney, blood, lung, muscle, gut and skin） examined at the time of tissue collection, as confirmed by detecting human 132- microglobulin expression using immunohistochemistry. Tn this xenogeneic system, the engrafted donor-derived human cells persisted in multiple tissues for at least 6 mo after birth. Moreover, transplanted human donor cells underwent site-specific differentiation into CK18-positive human cells in chimeric liver and CEHS-positive human cells in chimeric spleen and thymus of recipients. CONCLUSION： Taken together, these findings suggest that we successfully developed human-rat chimeras, in which xenogeneic human cells exist up to 6 mo later. This humanized small animal model, which offers an in vivo environment more closely resembling to the situations in human, provides an invaluable and effective approach for in vivo investigating human stem cell behaviors, and further in vivo examining fundamental mechanisms controlling human stem cell fates in the future. The potential for new advances in our better understanding the living biological systems in human provided by investigators in humanized animals will remain promising.展开更多
The prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus has increased rapidly over the past few decades,and prevention efforts have not been successful.Fetal programming involves the earliest stage of obesity developme...The prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus has increased rapidly over the past few decades,and prevention efforts have not been successful.Fetal programming involves the earliest stage of obesity development,and provides a novel concept to complement other strategies for lifelong prevention of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus.The World Health Organization now advocates a life-course approach to prevent/control obesity,starting with pre-conceptional and antenatal maternal health.Maternal overnutrition,gestational diabetes mellitus and excessive gestational weight gain lead to fetal overgrowth,and“programs”the offspring with an increased risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus in childhood and adulthood.This review summarizes current data on fetal programming of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus including potential causative factors,mechanisms and interventions to reduce its impact.展开更多
It is essential to establish an animal model for the elucidation of the biological behaviors of stem cells in vivo. We constructed a chimeric animal model by in utero transplantation for investigation of stem cell tra...It is essential to establish an animal model for the elucidation of the biological behaviors of stem cells in vivo. We constructed a chimeric animal model by in utero transplantation for investigation of stem cell transplantation.展开更多
文摘Introduction: The occurrence of intrauterine fetal death (IUFD) is a traumatic event not only for the mother and her family but also for the obstetric team. IUFD is a common event. Objective: the aim of our study is to describe the epidemiological, diagnostic and management aspects of IUFD at the Sylvanus Olympio University Teaching Hospital (CHU SO), Lomé. Methodology: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection process that concerned cases of IUFD from January 1st 2023 to December 31, 2023 at CHU SO. Results: The hospital prevalence of IUFD was 2.43%. The mean age of the mothers was 30.6 ± 6 years. The Multigestures represented 32.52% and primiparous women represented 29.72%. Pregnant women were referred in 88.11% of cases;47.55% had done at least 4 antenatal care visits and 4.20% had a history of IUFD. The etiological factors of IUFD were preeclampsia in 28.67% of cases, retroplacental hematoma in 28.67% and premature rupture of membranes in 4.55% of cases. Misoprostol was used for artificial induction of labor in 57.14% of cases and the delivery route was vaginal in 75.87% of cases. Conclusion: The frequency of IUFD is high and its reduction remains a challenge in low-income countries.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31600841)the Shanghai brain-intelligence project from STCSM(16JC1420500)the Beijing brain project (Z161100002616004)
文摘Tree shrews（also named banxrings）,the small mammals native to Southeast Asia,are featured by moderate size,easy breeding,high reproductivity and close genetic background to primates（Xu et al.,2012;Xiao et al.,2017）.Tiee shrews possess both conserved and unique features compared to primates,and thus will become a suitable animal model with modest cost-effciency（Yao,2017）.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China,No.2015J01133the Professor Academic Development Foundation of Fujian Medical University of China,No.JS11003
文摘Neuro D plays a key regulatory effect on differentiation of neural stem cells into mature neurons in the brain.Thus,we assumed that electroacupuncture at Baihui（DU20） acupoint in newborn rats exposed to in utero fetal distress would influence expression of Neuro D.Electroacupuncture at Baihui was performed for 20 minutes on 3-day-old（Day 3） newborn Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to in utero fetal distress;electroacupuncture parameters consisted of sparse and dense waves at a frequency of 2–10 Hz.Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR results demonstrated that m RNA expression of Neuro D,a molecule that indicates Neuro D,increased with prolonged time in brains of newborn rats,and peaked on Day 22.The level of m RNA expression was similar between Day 16 and Day 35.These findings suggest that electro acupuncture at Baihui acupoint could effectively increase m RNA expression of molecules involved in Neuro D in the brains of newborn rats exposed to in utero fetal distress.
基金This work was in part supported by the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine(CIRM)grant DISC2-14097(A.W.)the National Institutes of Health grants UG3NS115599,R61DA048444-01,R01MH125979(N.M.),1R01NS100761 and 1R01NS115860(A.W.).
文摘Nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems have the potential to revolutionize medicine,but their low vascular permeability and rapid clearance by phagocytic cells have limited their medical impact.Nanoparticles delivered at the in utero stage can overcome these key limitations due to the high rate of angiogenesis and cell division in fetal tissue and the under-developed immune system.However,very little is known about nanoparticle drug delivery at the fetal stage of development.In this report,using Ai9 CRE reporter mice,we demonstrate that lipid nanoparticle(LNP)mRNA complexes can deliver mRNA in utero,and can access and transfect major organs,such as the heart,the liver,kidneys,lungs and the gastrointestinal tract with remarkable efficiency and low toxicity.In addition,at 4 weeks after birth,we demonstrate that 50.99±5.05%,36.62±3.42%and 23.7±3.21%of myofiber in the diaphragm,heart and skeletal muscle,respectively,were transfected.Finally,we show here that Cas9 mRNA and sgRNA complexed to LNPs were able to edit the fetal organs in utero.These experiments demonstrate the possibility of non-viral delivery of mRNA to organs outside of the liver in utero,which provides a promising strategy for treating a wide variety of devastating diseases before birth.
文摘The objective is to report a clinical case of vaginal cesarean section performed to expel a dead fetus in scarred uterus. For this indication, vaginal hysterectomy constitutes an alternative to vaginal expulsion with a high risk of uterine rupture and to classic abdominal cesarean section with risk of significant surgical trauma, particularly adhesions. However, this surgical technique, described since the 19th century, remains unknown to many practitioners and few publications exist on the subject throughout the world. Considered obsolete by some practitioners, it retains all its advantages in the practice of modern obstetrics. We report this case of expulsion of fetal death on a tri-scarred uterus performed by vaginal cesarean section at the Health District Reference Health Center (District Hospital) of Commune I in Bamako, Mali in a 37-year-old patient with a pregnancy of 27 weeks of amenorrhea.
基金supported by a Grant-in Aid for Scientific Research from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (Grant No.18406026)by the foundation for Scientific Research and Technology,Health Bureau of Dalian(Grant No. 2007-73)
文摘Objective To examine maternal and fetal exposure levels to four carcinogenic metals, arsenic （As）, cadmium （Cd）, nickel （Ni）, and beryllium （Be）, and to investigate their environmental influences. Methods Metal concentrations in maternal and umbilical cord blood were measured by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry （ICP-MS）. Environmental factors that might play a role in exposure were analyzed using Mann Whitney nonparametric U-tests and multiple linear regression. Results The concentrations of As, Cd, and Ni in umbilical cord blood （5.41, 0.87, and 139.54 gg/L） were significantly lower than those in maternal blood （6.91, 1.93, and 165.93 p.g/L）. There were significant positive correlations between the maternal and cord concentrations of each carcinogen. Our results showed that： （i） exposures to potentially harmful occupational factors during pregnancy were associated with high levels of maternal As, Cd, and Ni; （ii） living close to major transportation routes （〈500 m） or exposure to second-hand smoke during pregnancy increased the maternal Cd levels and （iii） living close to industrial chimneys induced high maternal Ni levels. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that these environmental factors remained significant in models of the influences of these four carcinogens. Conclusion Both mothers and fetuses had been exposed to As, Cd, Ni, and Be. The increased levels of these carcinogens in pregnant women were associated with some detrimental environmental factors, such as occupational exposure, contact with second-hand smoke and living close to major transportation routes or industrial chimneys.
基金Supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 30271177 and No. 39870676 the National 9th Five-year Program, No. 101033+3 种基金 The Major Science and Technology Projects of Guangdong Province, No. B602 Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, No. 021903 The Postdoctoral Fellowship Foundation of China (Series 29)The Special Fund of Scientifi c Instrument Collaborative Share-net in Guangzhou, No. 2006176
文摘AIM： TO accurately and realistically elucidate human stem cell behaviors in vivo and the fundamental mechanisms controlling human stem cell fates in vivo, which is urgently required in regenerative medicine and treatments for some human diseases, a surrogate human-rat chimera model was developed. METHODS： Human-rat chimeras were achieved by in utero transplanting low-density mononuclear cells from human umbilical cord blood into the fetal rats at 9-11 d of gestation, and subsequently, a variety of methods, including flow cytometry, PCR as well as immunohistochemical assay, were used to test the human donor contribution in the recipients. RESULTS： Of 29 live-born recipients, 19 had the presence of human CD45^＋ cells in peripheral blood （PB） detected by flow cytometry, while PCR analysis on genomic DNA from 11 different adult tissues showed that 14 selected from flow cytometry-positive 19 animals possessed of donor-derived human cell engraftment in multiple tissues （i.e. liver, spleen, thymus, heart, kidney, blood, lung, muscle, gut and skin） examined at the time of tissue collection, as confirmed by detecting human 132- microglobulin expression using immunohistochemistry. Tn this xenogeneic system, the engrafted donor-derived human cells persisted in multiple tissues for at least 6 mo after birth. Moreover, transplanted human donor cells underwent site-specific differentiation into CK18-positive human cells in chimeric liver and CEHS-positive human cells in chimeric spleen and thymus of recipients. CONCLUSION： Taken together, these findings suggest that we successfully developed human-rat chimeras, in which xenogeneic human cells exist up to 6 mo later. This humanized small animal model, which offers an in vivo environment more closely resembling to the situations in human, provides an invaluable and effective approach for in vivo investigating human stem cell behaviors, and further in vivo examining fundamental mechanisms controlling human stem cell fates in the future. The potential for new advances in our better understanding the living biological systems in human provided by investigators in humanized animals will remain promising.
文摘The prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus has increased rapidly over the past few decades,and prevention efforts have not been successful.Fetal programming involves the earliest stage of obesity development,and provides a novel concept to complement other strategies for lifelong prevention of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus.The World Health Organization now advocates a life-course approach to prevent/control obesity,starting with pre-conceptional and antenatal maternal health.Maternal overnutrition,gestational diabetes mellitus and excessive gestational weight gain lead to fetal overgrowth,and“programs”the offspring with an increased risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus in childhood and adulthood.This review summarizes current data on fetal programming of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus including potential causative factors,mechanisms and interventions to reduce its impact.
基金This study was supported by a grant from the National High-Tech"863"Plan of China (No.2002AA216091).
文摘It is essential to establish an animal model for the elucidation of the biological behaviors of stem cells in vivo. We constructed a chimeric animal model by in utero transplantation for investigation of stem cell transplantation.
