In this work, a rheological study of automotive lubricant oils, neutral light paraffinic (NLP) and neutral medium paraffinic (NMP), additivated with two commercial viscosity index improvers-VIIs, based on hydrogenated...In this work, a rheological study of automotive lubricant oils, neutral light paraffinic (NLP) and neutral medium paraffinic (NMP), additivated with two commercial viscosity index improvers-VIIs, based on hydrogenated poly (isoprene-co-styrene), at different concentrations, was carried out. The study included the determination of the kinematic viscosity of the mixtures, the calculation of the viscosity indexes and their behavior when subjected to various rheometric experiments, including stress sweep, steady state flow, creep and recovery, and temperature ramp oscillatory tests. The obtained results showed the efficacy of the additives as viscosity index improvers, enabling a significant increase in the viscosity index of the pure oils at relatively low concentrations. The determination of the storage (G’) and of the loss (G”) moduli for the mixtures oil/VII additives showed a large predominance of the viscous effect over the elastic one. Except when under low shear stress, the mixtures showed a pseudoplastic behavior, with the flow curves being adjusted to fit the Ostwald-de-Waele model (Power Law), with negative flow behavior indexes.展开更多
Commonly used flow improvers in oilfields,such as ethylene–vinyl acetate copolymer(EVA),poly(octadecyl acrylate)(POA),and polymethylsilsesquioxane(PMSQ)are proven to be effective to enhance the flowability of crude o...Commonly used flow improvers in oilfields,such as ethylene–vinyl acetate copolymer(EVA),poly(octadecyl acrylate)(POA),and polymethylsilsesquioxane(PMSQ)are proven to be effective to enhance the flowability of crude oil.However,the addition of these flow improvers may change the stability of the emulsion and make the crude oil treatment process challenging.In this research,the impacts of different flow improvers on the interfacial properties of the emulsions containing asphaltenes are systematically investigated.The co-adsorption behaviors of the flow improvers and asphaltenes are analyzed through dynamic interfacial tension(DIFT).The rheological properties of the interfacial layer after the adsorption are explored via dilational viscoelasticity.Significant difference is observed in the structural properties of the interface adsorbed by different flow improvers,which is attributed to different interactions between the flow improvers and asphaltenes.To investigate these interactions,conductivity,asphaltenes precipitation,dynamic light scattering(DLS),and contact angle experiments are conducted systematically.Results show that EVA and POA can alter the interfacial properties by changing the asphaltene dispersion state.The interaction between EVA and asphaltenes is stronger than that between POA and asphaltenes due to the difference in molecular structures.Unlike EVA and POA,the change of interfacial property with the addition of PMSQ is attributed to the partial adsorption of asphaltenes on PMSQ.展开更多
One of the requirements of engine lubricating oil is that it must have a low enough viscosity at low temperatures to assist in cold starting and a high enough viscosity at high temperatures to maintain its load-bearin...One of the requirements of engine lubricating oil is that it must have a low enough viscosity at low temperatures to assist in cold starting and a high enough viscosity at high temperatures to maintain its load-bearing characteristics. Viscosity Index (VI) is one approach used widely in the lubricating field to assess the variation of viscosity with temperature. The VI of both mineral and synthetic base oils can be improved by the addition of polymeric viscosity modifiers (VMs). VI improvement by VMs is widely attributed to the polymer coil size expanding with increasing temperature. However, there is very little physical data supporting this generally accepted mechanism. To address this issue, intrinsic viscosity measurements and Small-Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS) have been used to study the variation of polymer coil size with changing temperature and concentration in a selection of solvents. The results will show that coil size expansion with temperature is not necessary to achieve significant elevation of viscosity index.展开更多
The new flow improvers for super-viscous crude oils were developed via esterification of polybasic high carbon alcohol with methacrylate and copolymerizafion of monomers followed by amination of copolymers. The struct...The new flow improvers for super-viscous crude oils were developed via esterification of polybasic high carbon alcohol with methacrylate and copolymerizafion of monomers followed by amination of copolymers. The structure of the synthesized polymer flow improver additive was confirmed by IR spectroscopy and the crystal structure of the flow improver additives were determined by X-ray diffrac- tion analysis. The structure of wax crystals was also studied at the same time. The results showed that the wax crystal structure was closely related with the crystal structure of the flow improver, which could change the pour point depression and viscosity reduction behavior of the crude oil. When the wax crystal structure matched well with that of the additive, the wax crystals were dispersed satisfactorily, resulting in favorable effects in terms of pour point depression and viscosity reduction. The new synthe- sized aminated polymer flow improver additive was most efficient for treating super-viscous crude oils. The super-viscous crude oil had a high content of resins and asphaltenes, which might aggregate onto the surface of wax crystals to form blocks to limit the crude oil fluidity. However, amination of copolymers having similar structure with the resins and asphaltenes contained in crude oil could dissolve the huge polar groups to make the deposit formation difficult.展开更多
3D laser scanning technology is widely used in underground openings for high-precision,rapid,and nondestructive structural evaluations.Segmenting large 3D point cloud datasets,particularly in coal mine roadways with m...3D laser scanning technology is widely used in underground openings for high-precision,rapid,and nondestructive structural evaluations.Segmenting large 3D point cloud datasets,particularly in coal mine roadways with multi-scale targets,remains challenging.This paper proposes an enhanced segmentation method integrating improved PointNet++with a coverage-voted strategy.The coverage-voted strategy reduces data while preserving multi-scale target topology.The segmentation is achieved using an enhanced PointNet++algorithm with a normalization preprocessing head,resulting in a 94%accuracy for common supporting components.Ablation experiments show that the preprocessing head and coverage strategies increase segmentation accuracy by 20%and 2%,respectively,and improve Intersection over Union(IoU)for bearing plate segmentation by 58%and 20%.The accuracy of the current pretraining segmentation model may be affected by variations in surface support components,but it can be readily enhanced through re-optimization with additional labeled point cloud data.This proposed method,combined with a previously developed machine learning model that links rock bolt load and the deformation field of its bearing plate,provides a robust technique for simultaneously measuring the load of multiple rock bolts in a single laser scan.展开更多
Traditional sampling-based path planning algorithms,such as the rapidly-exploring random tree star(RRT^(*)),encounter critical limitations in unstructured orchard environments,including low sampling efficiency in narr...Traditional sampling-based path planning algorithms,such as the rapidly-exploring random tree star(RRT^(*)),encounter critical limitations in unstructured orchard environments,including low sampling efficiency in narrow passages,slow convergence,and high computational costs.To address these challenges,this paper proposes a novel hybrid global path planning algorithm integrating Gaussian sampling and quadtree optimization(RRT^(*)-GSQ).This methodology aims to enhance path planning by synergistically combining a Gaussian mixture sampling strategy to improve node generation in critical regions,an adaptive step-size and direction optimization mechanism for enhanced obstacle avoidance,a Quadtree-AABB collision detection framework to lower computational complexity,and a dynamic iteration control strategy for more efficient convergence.In obstacle-free and obstructed scenarios,compared with the conventional RRT^(*),the proposed algorithm reduced the number of node evaluations by 67.57%and 62.72%,and decreased the search time by 79.72%and 78.52%,respectively.In path tracking tests,the proposed algorithm achieved substantial reductions in RMSE of the final path compared to the conventional RRT^(*).Specifically,the lateral RMSE was reduced by 41.5%in obstacle-free environments and 59.3%in obstructed environments,while the longitudinal RMSE was reduced by 57.2%and 58.5%,respectively.Furthermore,the maximum absolute errors in both lateral and longitudinal directions were constrained within 0.75 m.Field validation experiments in an operational orchard confirmed the algorithm's practical effectiveness,showing reductions in the mean tracking error of 47.6%(obstacle-free)and 58.3%(with obstructed),alongside a 5.1%and 7.2%shortening of the path length compared to the baseline method.The proposed algorithm effectively enhances path planning efficiency and navigation accuracy for robots,presenting a superior solution for high-precision autonomous navigation of agricultural robots in orchard environments and holding significant value for engineering applications.展开更多
In Xujiadai,a small village in east China,baseball,a niche sport in the country,has become an engine for rural growth.To date,the village,located in Jiaxing City,Zhejiang Province,has hosted over ioo baseball and soft...In Xujiadai,a small village in east China,baseball,a niche sport in the country,has become an engine for rural growth.To date,the village,located in Jiaxing City,Zhejiang Province,has hosted over ioo baseball and softball tournaments,earning it the title of China's No.I Baseball Village.A decade ago,most villagers in Xujiadai were engaged in pig farming.In recent years,as China advanced nationwide rural environmental improvement efforts,the village also undertook cleanup initiatives.展开更多
This research proposes an improved Puma optimization algorithm(IPuma)as a novel dynamic recon-figuration tool for a photovoltaic(PV)array linked in total-cross-tied(TCT).The proposed algorithm utilizes the Newton-Raph...This research proposes an improved Puma optimization algorithm(IPuma)as a novel dynamic recon-figuration tool for a photovoltaic(PV)array linked in total-cross-tied(TCT).The proposed algorithm utilizes the Newton-Raphson search rule(NRSR)to boost the exploration process,especially in search spaces with more local regions,and boost the exploitation with adaptive parameters alternating with random parameters in the original Puma.The effectiveness of the introduced IPuma is confirmed through comprehensive evaluations on the CEC’20 benchmark problems.It shows superior performance compared to both established and modern metaheuristic algorithms in terms of effectively navigating the search space and achieving convergence towards near-optimal regions.The findings indicated that the IPuma algorithm demonstrates considerable statistical promise and surpasses the performance of competing algorithms.In addition,the proposed IPuma is utilized to reconfigure a 9×9 PV array that operates under different shade patterns,such as lower triangular(LT),long wide(LW),and short wide(SW).In addition to other programmed approaches,such as the Whale optimization algorithm(WOA),grey wolf optimizer(GWO),Harris Hawks optimization(HHO),particle swarm optimization(PSO),gravitational search algorithm(GSA),biogeography-based optimization(BBO),sine cosine algorithm(SCA),equilibrium optimizer(EO),and original Puma,the indicated method is contrasted to the traditional configurations of TCT and Sudoku.In addition,the metrics of mismatch power loss,maximum efficiency improvement,efficiency improvement ratio,and peak-to-mean ratio are calculated to assess the effectiveness of the indicated approach.The proposed IPuma improved the generated power by 36.72%,28.03%,and 40.97%for SW,LW,and LT,respectively,outperforming the TCT configuration.In addition,it achieved the best maximum efficiency improvement among the algorithms considered,with 26.86%,21.89%,and 29.07%for the examined patterns.The results highlight the superiority and competence of the proposed approach in both convergence rates and stability,as well as applicability to dynamically reconfigure the PV system and enhance its harvested energy.展开更多
The International Standardization Youth Star Competition is held for three consecutive years.We have witnessed continuous improvement in the competition each year,which is a result of our collective efforts.
On January 23,during the 2026 CEFCO,the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade(CCPIT)released the Annual Report on China's Exhibition Industry.Wu Shengrong,Director-General of the CCPIT Exhibition ...On January 23,during the 2026 CEFCO,the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade(CCPIT)released the Annual Report on China's Exhibition Industry.Wu Shengrong,Director-General of the CCPIT Exhibition Management Department,stated that in 2025,the environment for China's exhibition industry continued to improve.展开更多
Introduction:The choice is no longer whether—but when and how!Today,organizations can no longer choose whether or not to engage with stakeholders;the only real decision is when and how to do it successfully.Engaging ...Introduction:The choice is no longer whether—but when and how!Today,organizations can no longer choose whether or not to engage with stakeholders;the only real decision is when and how to do it successfully.Engaging stakeholders is essential for any type of organization,public,private,or civil society.In fact,it is a fundamental part of effective governance,continuous improvement,and social responsibility.The principle behind stakeholder engagement is simple yet powerful:those who can influence or be affected by an organization's mission must be given the opportunity to express their views and contribute to shaping the decisions that impact them.展开更多
Objective:To assess the effectiveness of intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIg)therapy in patients diagnosed with Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever(CCHF)disease.Methods:A single-center retrospective cohort study was conducted...Objective:To assess the effectiveness of intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIg)therapy in patients diagnosed with Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever(CCHF)disease.Methods:A single-center retrospective cohort study was conducted on hospitalized patients with confirmed severe CCHF at a tertiary care hospital in Turkey between 2010 and 2022.Cases were categorized into two groups based on whether they received IVIg therapy,with the treatment plan determined by the primary healthcare provider.The clinical,epidemiological,and laboratory parameters of these patients were evaluated.Demographic,laboratory findings,platelet counts on the day of IVIg indication and the third day,bleeding status during follow-up beyond 24 hours after IVIg administration,and prognosis recorded in patient information forms were retrieved.Results:72 patients were included in the analysis,with IVIg administered to 42 cases(58.3%)and not given to 30 cases(41.7%).Among the patients,37(51.4%)were female.Fever(65.3%)was the most common clinical presentation.The overall mortality rate was 19.4%,and IVIg administration did not significantly impact overall survival outcomes(P=0.48).On Day 3 following IVIg administration or indication,the platelet count was higher in the IVIg-treated group compared to the non-treated group(P=0.02).Furthermore,during follow-up beyond 24 hours after IVIg administration,bleeding was observed in 19.0%of the IVIg-treated group,compared to 46.6% in the non-treated group(P=0.01).Conclusions:This study underscores the potential advantages of IVIg therapy in managing severe CCHF.Although IVIg administration did not significantly affect overall survival,it was associated with earlier improvement in platelet counts and a notable reduction in bleeding complications.These findings indicate that IVIg may serve as an adjunctive treatment in CCHF,particularly for addressing hemorrhagic manifestations.展开更多
Many reviewers contributed their insights and advice to the International Journal of Nursing Sciences in 2025,along with suggestions for improving manuscripts that were submitted for publication.These peer reviewers,l...Many reviewers contributed their insights and advice to the International Journal of Nursing Sciences in 2025,along with suggestions for improving manuscripts that were submitted for publication.These peer reviewers,listed below,have generously given their time and wisdom.The editorial team is grateful to all colleagues who have participated in this worthwhile endeavour.展开更多
Bread wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)is a staple hexaploid crop with numerous wild relatives.However,domestication and modern breeding have significantly narrowed its genetic diversity,diminishing its capacity to adapt to...Bread wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)is a staple hexaploid crop with numerous wild relatives.However,domestication and modern breeding have significantly narrowed its genetic diversity,diminishing its capacity to adapt to climate change.Wild relatives of wheat serve as a vital reservoir of genetic diversity,offering traits thatenhance its resistance to various biotic and abiotic stresses.Over recent decades,remarkable progress has been made in utilizing superior genes from wild relatives to bolster wheat's defenses against diseases and pests,though the exploration of genes conferring abiotic stress tolerance has lagged behind.In this review,we summarize key advancements in the utilization of wild relatives for wheat enhancement over the past century,emphasizing both theoretical and technological innovations.Furthermore,we evaluate the potential contributions of wild relatives to address production challenges posed by climate change.We also explore strategies for isolating superior genes and developing prebreeding germplasm to support the future development of climate-resilient wheat varieties.展开更多
As sessile organisms,plants must adapt various stresses.Accordingly,they have evolved several plant-specific growth and developmental processes.WRKY53 is a member of the WRKY transcription factor family,which plays a ...As sessile organisms,plants must adapt various stresses.Accordingly,they have evolved several plant-specific growth and developmental processes.WRKY53 is a member of the WRKY transcription factor family,which plays a crucial role in rice growth and development,stress response,and hormone signal transduction.This review discusses the role of WRKY53 in stress response,focusing on its functions in cold tolerance,salt tolerance,disease resistance,and pest defense,and explores its role in regulating rice leaf senescence and seed germination.This article also proposes future research directions,including functional genomics studies,protein interaction network analyses,hormone signal transduction pathways,genetic improvement strategies,applications of gene editing technologies,molecular basis of stress responses,cross-species functional conservation,and bioinformatics and comparative genomics research.This review highlights the importance of WRKY53 in rice biology and provides new perspectives and strategies for future research and genetic improvement of rice.展开更多
Objective:To analyze the impact of improved emergency integrated nursing on the treatment effectiveness and safety of emergency trauma patients.Methods:Study duration:December 2024 to December 2025.Observation target:...Objective:To analyze the impact of improved emergency integrated nursing on the treatment effectiveness and safety of emergency trauma patients.Methods:Study duration:December 2024 to December 2025.Observation target:emergency trauma patients in our hospital.Sample size:92 cases.Using computer-based grouping,the 92 patients were divided into two equally sized groups:a control group of 46 patients who received conventional emergency nursing care,and an observation group of 46 patients who underwent an improved emergency integrated nursing model.The treatment-related indicators,treatment effectiveness,and incidence of adverse events were evaluated in both groups.Results:After intervention,the pre-hospital emergency care time,emergency diagnosis time,total emergency rescue duration,and examination waiting time in the control group were all longer than those in the observation group(p<0.05);the treatment effectiveness in the control group(effective rate:82.61%)was worse than that in the observation group(effective rate:95.65%),p<0.05;compared with the control group,the observation group had a lower incidence of adverse events,p<0.05.Conclusion:Implementing an improved emergency integrated nursing model for emergency trauma patients helps streamline the treatment process,enhance treatment effectiveness,and reduce the incidence of adverse events.展开更多
The ultracold neutron(UCN)transport code,MCUCN,designed initially for simulating UCN transportation from a solid deuterium(SD_2)source and neutron electric dipole moment experiments,could not simulate UCN storage and ...The ultracold neutron(UCN)transport code,MCUCN,designed initially for simulating UCN transportation from a solid deuterium(SD_2)source and neutron electric dipole moment experiments,could not simulate UCN storage and transportation in a superfluid^(4)He(SFHe,He-Ⅱ)source accurately.This limitation arose from the absence of an^(4)He upscattering mechanism and the absorption of^(3)He.And the provided source energy distribution in MCUCN is different from that in SFHe source.This study introduced enhancements to MCUCN to address these constraints,explicitly incorporating the^(4)He upscattering effect,the absorption of^(3)He,the loss caused by impurities on converter wall,UCN source energy distribution in SFHe,and the transmission through negative optical potential.Additionally,a Python-based visualization code for intermediate states and results was developed.To validate these enhancements,we systematically compared the simulation results of the Lujan Center Mark3 UCN system by MCUCN and the improved MCUCN code(iMCUCN)with UCNtransport simulations.Additionally,we compared the results of the SUN1 system simulated by MCUCN and iMCUCN with measurement results.The study demonstrates that iMCUCN effectively simulates the storage and transportation of ultracold neutrons in He-Ⅱ.展开更多
The northeastern permafrost region of China is one of the most vulnerable areas to climate warming in midlatitude areas.Despite this,the specific pathways of water vapor circulation and transport in this area remain p...The northeastern permafrost region of China is one of the most vulnerable areas to climate warming in midlatitude areas.Despite this,the specific pathways of water vapor circulation and transport in this area remain poorly understood.Additionally,there is ongoing debate on whether the oxygen isotope of precipitation(δ^(18)O_(p))is primarily influenced by the temperature or the precipitation amount effects.Tree-ring samples were collected from various sites and tree species across the region,and 12 stable oxygen isotopes(δ18Oc)series constructed to investigate the water vapor signals embedded within.Our findings revealed consistentδ18Oc variations across different sites and species,reflecting relative humidity signals during the growing season(June to September)(r=−0.764,P<0.001,n=40).By applying an improved model to simulateδ^(18)O_(p),a“temperature effect”was identified.Bothδ18Oc andδ^(18)O_(p) provided valuable insights into the regional water vapor circulation,withδ18Oc offering a stronger climate signal.A binary linear regression model further revealed thatδ^(18)O_(p) had a greater influence onδ18Oc than relative humidity.The regional climate is primarily driven by the East Asian summer monsoon and large-scale water vapor circulation associated with the El Niño-Southern Oscillation.Because of future warming and drying trends,trees in this region are expected to face increasing drought stress.展开更多
To address the challenges of complexity,power consumption,and cost constraints in traditional display driver integrated circuits(DDICs)caused by external NOR Flash and SRAM,this work proposes an embedded resistive ran...To address the challenges of complexity,power consumption,and cost constraints in traditional display driver integrated circuits(DDICs)caused by external NOR Flash and SRAM,this work proposes an embedded resistive random-access memory(RRAM)integration solution based on a 40 nm high-voltage CMOS logic platform.Targeting the yield fluctuations and stability challenges during RRAM mass production,systematic process optimizations are implemented to achieve synergistic improvements in RRAM performance and yield.Through modifications to the film sputtering and pre-deposition treatment,the withinwafer resistance uniformity(RSU)of the oxygen-deficient layer(ODL)thin film is improved from 11%to 8%,while inter-wafer process stability variation reduces from 23%to below 6%.Consequently,the yield of 8 Mb RRAM embedded mass production products increases from 87%to 98.5%.In terms of device performance,the RRAM demonstrates a fast 4.8 ns read speed,exceptional read disturb immunity of 3×10^(8) cycles at 95℃,10^(3) write/erase endurance cycles for the 1 Mb cells,and data retention of 12.5 years at 125℃.Post high-temperature operating life(HTOL)testing exhibits stable high/low resistance window.This study provides process optimization strategies and a reliability assurance framework for the mass production of highly integrated,low-power embedded RRAM display driver IC.展开更多
As we welcome the spring of 2026,we extend our sincere greetings and best wishes to colleagues worldwide in the field of crop science,our partners,and all those committed to sustainable agricultural development!The Ye...As we welcome the spring of 2026,we extend our sincere greetings and best wishes to colleagues worldwide in the field of crop science,our partners,and all those committed to sustainable agricultural development!The Year of the Horse symbolizes endeavor and far-reaching journeys,reflecting our own spirit of continuous exploration and breakthrough innovation on the path of crop science.Here,I extendmysincere appreciation to all our authors and reviewers for their invaluable time,expertise,and dedication,which are instrumental in the success of The Crop Journal,establishing it as a premier platform for the global crop science research community.The Crop Journal publishes its 2026 first issue as a special issue themed“Synthetic Biology for Crop Improvement”,ably vip-edited by four young scientists.The issue provides a comprehensive overview of major advances in the field.In the past few years,crop science has made long strides in metabolic engineering of important pathways in secondary metabolism.The achievements expedite the emergence of synthetic biology as a potent methodology for crop breeding and represent a fundamental paradigm shift from“deciphering crops”to“designing crops”,which is further empowered by artificial intelligence(AI).At this turning point of the New Year,I would like to take this opportunity to provide a brief retrospective and future perspective.展开更多
文摘In this work, a rheological study of automotive lubricant oils, neutral light paraffinic (NLP) and neutral medium paraffinic (NMP), additivated with two commercial viscosity index improvers-VIIs, based on hydrogenated poly (isoprene-co-styrene), at different concentrations, was carried out. The study included the determination of the kinematic viscosity of the mixtures, the calculation of the viscosity indexes and their behavior when subjected to various rheometric experiments, including stress sweep, steady state flow, creep and recovery, and temperature ramp oscillatory tests. The obtained results showed the efficacy of the additives as viscosity index improvers, enabling a significant increase in the viscosity index of the pure oils at relatively low concentrations. The determination of the storage (G’) and of the loss (G”) moduli for the mixtures oil/VII additives showed a large predominance of the viscous effect over the elastic one. Except when under low shear stress, the mixtures showed a pseudoplastic behavior, with the flow curves being adjusted to fit the Ostwald-de-Waele model (Power Law), with negative flow behavior indexes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51704315)。
文摘Commonly used flow improvers in oilfields,such as ethylene–vinyl acetate copolymer(EVA),poly(octadecyl acrylate)(POA),and polymethylsilsesquioxane(PMSQ)are proven to be effective to enhance the flowability of crude oil.However,the addition of these flow improvers may change the stability of the emulsion and make the crude oil treatment process challenging.In this research,the impacts of different flow improvers on the interfacial properties of the emulsions containing asphaltenes are systematically investigated.The co-adsorption behaviors of the flow improvers and asphaltenes are analyzed through dynamic interfacial tension(DIFT).The rheological properties of the interfacial layer after the adsorption are explored via dilational viscoelasticity.Significant difference is observed in the structural properties of the interface adsorbed by different flow improvers,which is attributed to different interactions between the flow improvers and asphaltenes.To investigate these interactions,conductivity,asphaltenes precipitation,dynamic light scattering(DLS),and contact angle experiments are conducted systematically.Results show that EVA and POA can alter the interfacial properties by changing the asphaltene dispersion state.The interaction between EVA and asphaltenes is stronger than that between POA and asphaltenes due to the difference in molecular structures.Unlike EVA and POA,the change of interfacial property with the addition of PMSQ is attributed to the partial adsorption of asphaltenes on PMSQ.
文摘One of the requirements of engine lubricating oil is that it must have a low enough viscosity at low temperatures to assist in cold starting and a high enough viscosity at high temperatures to maintain its load-bearing characteristics. Viscosity Index (VI) is one approach used widely in the lubricating field to assess the variation of viscosity with temperature. The VI of both mineral and synthetic base oils can be improved by the addition of polymeric viscosity modifiers (VMs). VI improvement by VMs is widely attributed to the polymer coil size expanding with increasing temperature. However, there is very little physical data supporting this generally accepted mechanism. To address this issue, intrinsic viscosity measurements and Small-Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS) have been used to study the variation of polymer coil size with changing temperature and concentration in a selection of solvents. The results will show that coil size expansion with temperature is not necessary to achieve significant elevation of viscosity index.
文摘The new flow improvers for super-viscous crude oils were developed via esterification of polybasic high carbon alcohol with methacrylate and copolymerizafion of monomers followed by amination of copolymers. The structure of the synthesized polymer flow improver additive was confirmed by IR spectroscopy and the crystal structure of the flow improver additives were determined by X-ray diffrac- tion analysis. The structure of wax crystals was also studied at the same time. The results showed that the wax crystal structure was closely related with the crystal structure of the flow improver, which could change the pour point depression and viscosity reduction behavior of the crude oil. When the wax crystal structure matched well with that of the additive, the wax crystals were dispersed satisfactorily, resulting in favorable effects in terms of pour point depression and viscosity reduction. The new synthe- sized aminated polymer flow improver additive was most efficient for treating super-viscous crude oils. The super-viscous crude oil had a high content of resins and asphaltenes, which might aggregate onto the surface of wax crystals to form blocks to limit the crude oil fluidity. However, amination of copolymers having similar structure with the resins and asphaltenes contained in crude oil could dissolve the huge polar groups to make the deposit formation difficult.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52304139,52325403)the CCTEG Coal Mining Research Institute funding(Grant No.KCYJY-2024-MS-10).
文摘3D laser scanning technology is widely used in underground openings for high-precision,rapid,and nondestructive structural evaluations.Segmenting large 3D point cloud datasets,particularly in coal mine roadways with multi-scale targets,remains challenging.This paper proposes an enhanced segmentation method integrating improved PointNet++with a coverage-voted strategy.The coverage-voted strategy reduces data while preserving multi-scale target topology.The segmentation is achieved using an enhanced PointNet++algorithm with a normalization preprocessing head,resulting in a 94%accuracy for common supporting components.Ablation experiments show that the preprocessing head and coverage strategies increase segmentation accuracy by 20%and 2%,respectively,and improve Intersection over Union(IoU)for bearing plate segmentation by 58%and 20%.The accuracy of the current pretraining segmentation model may be affected by variations in surface support components,but it can be readily enhanced through re-optimization with additional labeled point cloud data.This proposed method,combined with a previously developed machine learning model that links rock bolt load and the deformation field of its bearing plate,provides a robust technique for simultaneously measuring the load of multiple rock bolts in a single laser scan.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(32301712)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20230548,BK20250876)+2 种基金Project of Faculty of Agricultural Equipment of Jiangsu University(NGXB20240203)A Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD-2023-87)Open Funding Project of the Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology(Jiangsu University),Ministry of Education(MAET202101)。
文摘Traditional sampling-based path planning algorithms,such as the rapidly-exploring random tree star(RRT^(*)),encounter critical limitations in unstructured orchard environments,including low sampling efficiency in narrow passages,slow convergence,and high computational costs.To address these challenges,this paper proposes a novel hybrid global path planning algorithm integrating Gaussian sampling and quadtree optimization(RRT^(*)-GSQ).This methodology aims to enhance path planning by synergistically combining a Gaussian mixture sampling strategy to improve node generation in critical regions,an adaptive step-size and direction optimization mechanism for enhanced obstacle avoidance,a Quadtree-AABB collision detection framework to lower computational complexity,and a dynamic iteration control strategy for more efficient convergence.In obstacle-free and obstructed scenarios,compared with the conventional RRT^(*),the proposed algorithm reduced the number of node evaluations by 67.57%and 62.72%,and decreased the search time by 79.72%and 78.52%,respectively.In path tracking tests,the proposed algorithm achieved substantial reductions in RMSE of the final path compared to the conventional RRT^(*).Specifically,the lateral RMSE was reduced by 41.5%in obstacle-free environments and 59.3%in obstructed environments,while the longitudinal RMSE was reduced by 57.2%and 58.5%,respectively.Furthermore,the maximum absolute errors in both lateral and longitudinal directions were constrained within 0.75 m.Field validation experiments in an operational orchard confirmed the algorithm's practical effectiveness,showing reductions in the mean tracking error of 47.6%(obstacle-free)and 58.3%(with obstructed),alongside a 5.1%and 7.2%shortening of the path length compared to the baseline method.The proposed algorithm effectively enhances path planning efficiency and navigation accuracy for robots,presenting a superior solution for high-precision autonomous navigation of agricultural robots in orchard environments and holding significant value for engineering applications.
文摘In Xujiadai,a small village in east China,baseball,a niche sport in the country,has become an engine for rural growth.To date,the village,located in Jiaxing City,Zhejiang Province,has hosted over ioo baseball and softball tournaments,earning it the title of China's No.I Baseball Village.A decade ago,most villagers in Xujiadai were engaged in pig farming.In recent years,as China advanced nationwide rural environmental improvement efforts,the village also undertook cleanup initiatives.
基金funded by the Deanship of Scientific Research and Libraries,Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University,through the Program of Research Project Funding After Publication,grant No.(RPFAP-82-1445)。
文摘This research proposes an improved Puma optimization algorithm(IPuma)as a novel dynamic recon-figuration tool for a photovoltaic(PV)array linked in total-cross-tied(TCT).The proposed algorithm utilizes the Newton-Raphson search rule(NRSR)to boost the exploration process,especially in search spaces with more local regions,and boost the exploitation with adaptive parameters alternating with random parameters in the original Puma.The effectiveness of the introduced IPuma is confirmed through comprehensive evaluations on the CEC’20 benchmark problems.It shows superior performance compared to both established and modern metaheuristic algorithms in terms of effectively navigating the search space and achieving convergence towards near-optimal regions.The findings indicated that the IPuma algorithm demonstrates considerable statistical promise and surpasses the performance of competing algorithms.In addition,the proposed IPuma is utilized to reconfigure a 9×9 PV array that operates under different shade patterns,such as lower triangular(LT),long wide(LW),and short wide(SW).In addition to other programmed approaches,such as the Whale optimization algorithm(WOA),grey wolf optimizer(GWO),Harris Hawks optimization(HHO),particle swarm optimization(PSO),gravitational search algorithm(GSA),biogeography-based optimization(BBO),sine cosine algorithm(SCA),equilibrium optimizer(EO),and original Puma,the indicated method is contrasted to the traditional configurations of TCT and Sudoku.In addition,the metrics of mismatch power loss,maximum efficiency improvement,efficiency improvement ratio,and peak-to-mean ratio are calculated to assess the effectiveness of the indicated approach.The proposed IPuma improved the generated power by 36.72%,28.03%,and 40.97%for SW,LW,and LT,respectively,outperforming the TCT configuration.In addition,it achieved the best maximum efficiency improvement among the algorithms considered,with 26.86%,21.89%,and 29.07%for the examined patterns.The results highlight the superiority and competence of the proposed approach in both convergence rates and stability,as well as applicability to dynamically reconfigure the PV system and enhance its harvested energy.
文摘The International Standardization Youth Star Competition is held for three consecutive years.We have witnessed continuous improvement in the competition each year,which is a result of our collective efforts.
文摘On January 23,during the 2026 CEFCO,the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade(CCPIT)released the Annual Report on China's Exhibition Industry.Wu Shengrong,Director-General of the CCPIT Exhibition Management Department,stated that in 2025,the environment for China's exhibition industry continued to improve.
文摘Introduction:The choice is no longer whether—but when and how!Today,organizations can no longer choose whether or not to engage with stakeholders;the only real decision is when and how to do it successfully.Engaging stakeholders is essential for any type of organization,public,private,or civil society.In fact,it is a fundamental part of effective governance,continuous improvement,and social responsibility.The principle behind stakeholder engagement is simple yet powerful:those who can influence or be affected by an organization's mission must be given the opportunity to express their views and contribute to shaping the decisions that impact them.
文摘Objective:To assess the effectiveness of intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIg)therapy in patients diagnosed with Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever(CCHF)disease.Methods:A single-center retrospective cohort study was conducted on hospitalized patients with confirmed severe CCHF at a tertiary care hospital in Turkey between 2010 and 2022.Cases were categorized into two groups based on whether they received IVIg therapy,with the treatment plan determined by the primary healthcare provider.The clinical,epidemiological,and laboratory parameters of these patients were evaluated.Demographic,laboratory findings,platelet counts on the day of IVIg indication and the third day,bleeding status during follow-up beyond 24 hours after IVIg administration,and prognosis recorded in patient information forms were retrieved.Results:72 patients were included in the analysis,with IVIg administered to 42 cases(58.3%)and not given to 30 cases(41.7%).Among the patients,37(51.4%)were female.Fever(65.3%)was the most common clinical presentation.The overall mortality rate was 19.4%,and IVIg administration did not significantly impact overall survival outcomes(P=0.48).On Day 3 following IVIg administration or indication,the platelet count was higher in the IVIg-treated group compared to the non-treated group(P=0.02).Furthermore,during follow-up beyond 24 hours after IVIg administration,bleeding was observed in 19.0%of the IVIg-treated group,compared to 46.6% in the non-treated group(P=0.01).Conclusions:This study underscores the potential advantages of IVIg therapy in managing severe CCHF.Although IVIg administration did not significantly affect overall survival,it was associated with earlier improvement in platelet counts and a notable reduction in bleeding complications.These findings indicate that IVIg may serve as an adjunctive treatment in CCHF,particularly for addressing hemorrhagic manifestations.
文摘Many reviewers contributed their insights and advice to the International Journal of Nursing Sciences in 2025,along with suggestions for improving manuscripts that were submitted for publication.These peer reviewers,listed below,have generously given their time and wisdom.The editorial team is grateful to all colleagues who have participated in this worthwhile endeavour.
基金supported by the Biological Breeding-National Science and Technology Major Project(2023ZD04071)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFF1000600)and the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32272084,32372089,and 31971887).
文摘Bread wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)is a staple hexaploid crop with numerous wild relatives.However,domestication and modern breeding have significantly narrowed its genetic diversity,diminishing its capacity to adapt to climate change.Wild relatives of wheat serve as a vital reservoir of genetic diversity,offering traits thatenhance its resistance to various biotic and abiotic stresses.Over recent decades,remarkable progress has been made in utilizing superior genes from wild relatives to bolster wheat's defenses against diseases and pests,though the exploration of genes conferring abiotic stress tolerance has lagged behind.In this review,we summarize key advancements in the utilization of wild relatives for wheat enhancement over the past century,emphasizing both theoretical and technological innovations.Furthermore,we evaluate the potential contributions of wild relatives to address production challenges posed by climate change.We also explore strategies for isolating superior genes and developing prebreeding germplasm to support the future development of climate-resilient wheat varieties.
基金supported by the Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China(Grant No.2024AFB917).
文摘As sessile organisms,plants must adapt various stresses.Accordingly,they have evolved several plant-specific growth and developmental processes.WRKY53 is a member of the WRKY transcription factor family,which plays a crucial role in rice growth and development,stress response,and hormone signal transduction.This review discusses the role of WRKY53 in stress response,focusing on its functions in cold tolerance,salt tolerance,disease resistance,and pest defense,and explores its role in regulating rice leaf senescence and seed germination.This article also proposes future research directions,including functional genomics studies,protein interaction network analyses,hormone signal transduction pathways,genetic improvement strategies,applications of gene editing technologies,molecular basis of stress responses,cross-species functional conservation,and bioinformatics and comparative genomics research.This review highlights the importance of WRKY53 in rice biology and provides new perspectives and strategies for future research and genetic improvement of rice.
文摘Objective:To analyze the impact of improved emergency integrated nursing on the treatment effectiveness and safety of emergency trauma patients.Methods:Study duration:December 2024 to December 2025.Observation target:emergency trauma patients in our hospital.Sample size:92 cases.Using computer-based grouping,the 92 patients were divided into two equally sized groups:a control group of 46 patients who received conventional emergency nursing care,and an observation group of 46 patients who underwent an improved emergency integrated nursing model.The treatment-related indicators,treatment effectiveness,and incidence of adverse events were evaluated in both groups.Results:After intervention,the pre-hospital emergency care time,emergency diagnosis time,total emergency rescue duration,and examination waiting time in the control group were all longer than those in the observation group(p<0.05);the treatment effectiveness in the control group(effective rate:82.61%)was worse than that in the observation group(effective rate:95.65%),p<0.05;compared with the control group,the observation group had a lower incidence of adverse events,p<0.05.Conclusion:Implementing an improved emergency integrated nursing model for emergency trauma patients helps streamline the treatment process,enhance treatment effectiveness,and reduce the incidence of adverse events.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2024YFE0110001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1932219)the Mobility Programme endorsed by the Joint Committee of the Sino-German Center(M0728)。
文摘The ultracold neutron(UCN)transport code,MCUCN,designed initially for simulating UCN transportation from a solid deuterium(SD_2)source and neutron electric dipole moment experiments,could not simulate UCN storage and transportation in a superfluid^(4)He(SFHe,He-Ⅱ)source accurately.This limitation arose from the absence of an^(4)He upscattering mechanism and the absorption of^(3)He.And the provided source energy distribution in MCUCN is different from that in SFHe source.This study introduced enhancements to MCUCN to address these constraints,explicitly incorporating the^(4)He upscattering effect,the absorption of^(3)He,the loss caused by impurities on converter wall,UCN source energy distribution in SFHe,and the transmission through negative optical potential.Additionally,a Python-based visualization code for intermediate states and results was developed.To validate these enhancements,we systematically compared the simulation results of the Lujan Center Mark3 UCN system by MCUCN and the improved MCUCN code(iMCUCN)with UCNtransport simulations.Additionally,we compared the results of the SUN1 system simulated by MCUCN and iMCUCN with measurement results.The study demonstrates that iMCUCN effectively simulates the storage and transportation of ultracold neutrons in He-Ⅱ.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42173080 and 42488201)the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDB40010300)the Young Talent Support Plan of Xi’an Jiaotong University.
文摘The northeastern permafrost region of China is one of the most vulnerable areas to climate warming in midlatitude areas.Despite this,the specific pathways of water vapor circulation and transport in this area remain poorly understood.Additionally,there is ongoing debate on whether the oxygen isotope of precipitation(δ^(18)O_(p))is primarily influenced by the temperature or the precipitation amount effects.Tree-ring samples were collected from various sites and tree species across the region,and 12 stable oxygen isotopes(δ18Oc)series constructed to investigate the water vapor signals embedded within.Our findings revealed consistentδ18Oc variations across different sites and species,reflecting relative humidity signals during the growing season(June to September)(r=−0.764,P<0.001,n=40).By applying an improved model to simulateδ^(18)O_(p),a“temperature effect”was identified.Bothδ18Oc andδ^(18)O_(p) provided valuable insights into the regional water vapor circulation,withδ18Oc offering a stronger climate signal.A binary linear regression model further revealed thatδ^(18)O_(p) had a greater influence onδ18Oc than relative humidity.The regional climate is primarily driven by the East Asian summer monsoon and large-scale water vapor circulation associated with the El Niño-Southern Oscillation.Because of future warming and drying trends,trees in this region are expected to face increasing drought stress.
文摘To address the challenges of complexity,power consumption,and cost constraints in traditional display driver integrated circuits(DDICs)caused by external NOR Flash and SRAM,this work proposes an embedded resistive random-access memory(RRAM)integration solution based on a 40 nm high-voltage CMOS logic platform.Targeting the yield fluctuations and stability challenges during RRAM mass production,systematic process optimizations are implemented to achieve synergistic improvements in RRAM performance and yield.Through modifications to the film sputtering and pre-deposition treatment,the withinwafer resistance uniformity(RSU)of the oxygen-deficient layer(ODL)thin film is improved from 11%to 8%,while inter-wafer process stability variation reduces from 23%to below 6%.Consequently,the yield of 8 Mb RRAM embedded mass production products increases from 87%to 98.5%.In terms of device performance,the RRAM demonstrates a fast 4.8 ns read speed,exceptional read disturb immunity of 3×10^(8) cycles at 95℃,10^(3) write/erase endurance cycles for the 1 Mb cells,and data retention of 12.5 years at 125℃.Post high-temperature operating life(HTOL)testing exhibits stable high/low resistance window.This study provides process optimization strategies and a reliability assurance framework for the mass production of highly integrated,low-power embedded RRAM display driver IC.
文摘As we welcome the spring of 2026,we extend our sincere greetings and best wishes to colleagues worldwide in the field of crop science,our partners,and all those committed to sustainable agricultural development!The Year of the Horse symbolizes endeavor and far-reaching journeys,reflecting our own spirit of continuous exploration and breakthrough innovation on the path of crop science.Here,I extendmysincere appreciation to all our authors and reviewers for their invaluable time,expertise,and dedication,which are instrumental in the success of The Crop Journal,establishing it as a premier platform for the global crop science research community.The Crop Journal publishes its 2026 first issue as a special issue themed“Synthetic Biology for Crop Improvement”,ably vip-edited by four young scientists.The issue provides a comprehensive overview of major advances in the field.In the past few years,crop science has made long strides in metabolic engineering of important pathways in secondary metabolism.The achievements expedite the emergence of synthetic biology as a potent methodology for crop breeding and represent a fundamental paradigm shift from“deciphering crops”to“designing crops”,which is further empowered by artificial intelligence(AI).At this turning point of the New Year,I would like to take this opportunity to provide a brief retrospective and future perspective.
