The service capacity of urban public open spaces is an important indicator of the justness and soundness of the allocation of public space resources,such as parks and green spaces,in the process of urban development.I...The service capacity of urban public open spaces is an important indicator of the justness and soundness of the allocation of public space resources,such as parks and green spaces,in the process of urban development.Improving the service capacity of urban public open spaces is conductive to healthy,sustainable urban development.In this study,taking Shengyang City,China as a case study,a Gaussian-based two-step floating catchment area method(2 SFCA)is used to calculate an accessibility index and identify residential areas with a poor accessibility to urban public open spaces.Then,a particle swarm algorithm(PSA)is used to optimize the locations of new open space developments.Finally,the optimization results are verified using the analytic network process(ANP).The results show that the service capacity of public open spaces in the center of Shenyang City(covering six districts)is relatively low and exhibits an uneven spatial distribution.In the service scope of the existing urban public open spaces,the accessibility for 48.6%of the residential estates is moderately poor or poor.The layout is optimized when the number of optimization points is set to 8.These points are mainly located in old town areas such as the Tiexi,Huanggu,and Dadong districts.The optimization increases the green space area accessible by motor vehicles(60 min),bicycles(60 min),and walking(30 min)by 4.67%,5.38%,and 8.03%of the study area,respectively.Finally,green space planning recommendations are offered from two perspectives:spatial layout and transport system optimization.展开更多
【背景】城市公共交通站点空间布局的合理性对于改善城市公共交通服务质量、提高居民生活品质具有重要意义。然而,现有研究方法中较少分析居民出行全链条视角的站点可达性时态特性。【目标】从居民出行视角,研究衔接“站域-站间”出行...【背景】城市公共交通站点空间布局的合理性对于改善城市公共交通服务质量、提高居民生活品质具有重要意义。然而,现有研究方法中较少分析居民出行全链条视角的站点可达性时态特性。【目标】从居民出行视角,研究衔接“站域-站间”出行链的公共交通多出行时段、出行时间阈值的站点可达性评价方法。【方法】首先,建立多出行时段、出行时间阈值情景下的公共交通出行累计机会值模型,从站域和站间两个层面定量评价站点的出发可达性和目的可达性;其次,设计站点吸引指数计算方法,用于表征公共交通多出行时段、多级出行时间阈值下站点可达性特征;最后,将站点吸引指数引入居民出行站点选择概率公式,并改进三步移动搜索法(3-Step Floating Catchment Area method,3SFCA),实现对公共交通站点时空可达性动态分布特征的多尺度分析。【数据】以烟台市滨海中路公共交通站点为研究对象,利用高德开放地图平台获取多时段公共交通出行数据。【结果】(1)不同出行时段、出行时间阈值条件下,滨海中路站点可达性时空分布差异显著,大体上呈现“T”字形的分布形态,沿海岸线向东西方向延伸,中段区域与莱山区方向站点之间的衔接较强;(2)从时空分布特征来看,公共交通站点各类可达性指标值均呈现明显的早晚高峰时段可达性较高的分布特征,对站点服务能力的依赖性较强;(3)基于供需平衡视角的空间可达性结果显示,站点供给与居民需求处于整体失衡的状态,而局部失衡主要集中于公共交通资源相对匮乏的东段。展开更多
基金Under the auspices of the China National R&D Program(No.2017YFC0505704)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32101325)+1 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(No.N2011005)Student Innovation Training Program of Northeastern University of China(No.201299)。
文摘The service capacity of urban public open spaces is an important indicator of the justness and soundness of the allocation of public space resources,such as parks and green spaces,in the process of urban development.Improving the service capacity of urban public open spaces is conductive to healthy,sustainable urban development.In this study,taking Shengyang City,China as a case study,a Gaussian-based two-step floating catchment area method(2 SFCA)is used to calculate an accessibility index and identify residential areas with a poor accessibility to urban public open spaces.Then,a particle swarm algorithm(PSA)is used to optimize the locations of new open space developments.Finally,the optimization results are verified using the analytic network process(ANP).The results show that the service capacity of public open spaces in the center of Shenyang City(covering six districts)is relatively low and exhibits an uneven spatial distribution.In the service scope of the existing urban public open spaces,the accessibility for 48.6%of the residential estates is moderately poor or poor.The layout is optimized when the number of optimization points is set to 8.These points are mainly located in old town areas such as the Tiexi,Huanggu,and Dadong districts.The optimization increases the green space area accessible by motor vehicles(60 min),bicycles(60 min),and walking(30 min)by 4.67%,5.38%,and 8.03%of the study area,respectively.Finally,green space planning recommendations are offered from two perspectives:spatial layout and transport system optimization.
文摘【背景】城市公共交通站点空间布局的合理性对于改善城市公共交通服务质量、提高居民生活品质具有重要意义。然而,现有研究方法中较少分析居民出行全链条视角的站点可达性时态特性。【目标】从居民出行视角,研究衔接“站域-站间”出行链的公共交通多出行时段、出行时间阈值的站点可达性评价方法。【方法】首先,建立多出行时段、出行时间阈值情景下的公共交通出行累计机会值模型,从站域和站间两个层面定量评价站点的出发可达性和目的可达性;其次,设计站点吸引指数计算方法,用于表征公共交通多出行时段、多级出行时间阈值下站点可达性特征;最后,将站点吸引指数引入居民出行站点选择概率公式,并改进三步移动搜索法(3-Step Floating Catchment Area method,3SFCA),实现对公共交通站点时空可达性动态分布特征的多尺度分析。【数据】以烟台市滨海中路公共交通站点为研究对象,利用高德开放地图平台获取多时段公共交通出行数据。【结果】(1)不同出行时段、出行时间阈值条件下,滨海中路站点可达性时空分布差异显著,大体上呈现“T”字形的分布形态,沿海岸线向东西方向延伸,中段区域与莱山区方向站点之间的衔接较强;(2)从时空分布特征来看,公共交通站点各类可达性指标值均呈现明显的早晚高峰时段可达性较高的分布特征,对站点服务能力的依赖性较强;(3)基于供需平衡视角的空间可达性结果显示,站点供给与居民需求处于整体失衡的状态,而局部失衡主要集中于公共交通资源相对匮乏的东段。
