The impoverishment of soil nutrients of nine gully head areas in Yuanmou Basin is assessed through an integrated evaluation method established on the basis of Fuzzy mathematics and multivariate mathematical theory. Re...The impoverishment of soil nutrients of nine gully head areas in Yuanmou Basin is assessed through an integrated evaluation method established on the basis of Fuzzy mathematics and multivariate mathematical theory. Results show that soil erosion of gully erosion area in Yuanmou basin has resulted in severe impoverishment of soil nutrients. All gully head areas are at high leves of impoverishment except for one at middle. By probing into and analyzing the mechanism of impoverishment of soil nutrients, we find that soil erosion has led to impoverishment of soil nutrients in a way of compacting soil, heightening position of obstacle horizon, and reducing the content of organic matter, as well as the direct loss of nutrient elements. Finally, this paper points out that soil and water conservation arming at the prevention of soil erosion is the most effective way against impoverishment of soil nutrients in Yuanmou basin.展开更多
Disabled people are the poorest in the rural poor with the biggest difficulty in getting rid of poverty and the highest rate of returning to poverty.They are one of the key groups in rural poverty alleviation work.Thi...Disabled people are the poorest in the rural poor with the biggest difficulty in getting rid of poverty and the highest rate of returning to poverty.They are one of the key groups in rural poverty alleviation work.This is the key and difficult point of winning the fight against poverty.Luquan County is a national poverty-stricken county with a large number of disabled people.Since the implementation of the fight against poverty in 2016,the county has introduced a series of policies and measures to help the disabled to get rid of poverty from housing,medical care,schooling for children of the disabled and income increase,and good results have been achieved in poverty alleviation,making important contributions to the poverty alleviation of the county.Based on field research and interviews,this paper analyzes and condenses the specific practices,main results and successful experience of the poverty alleviation model in Luquan County,Yunnan Province to provide necessary reference for the targeted poverty alleviation by helping the disabled in Yunnan Province and other provinces.展开更多
Poverty alleviation requires knowledge support. Targeted poverty alleviation, aiming to tackle rural poverty, needs to be supported by corresponding rural human resource development. Currently, China's human resou...Poverty alleviation requires knowledge support. Targeted poverty alleviation, aiming to tackle rural poverty, needs to be supported by corresponding rural human resource development. Currently, China's human resource development in impoverished rural regions is faced with some major problems; a huge population distributed over a vast area, a lack of technological and cultural attainment, obsolete concepts, obsolete technical resources, and a significant gap between rural and urban education attainment. Rural human resource development, which is geared to targeted poverty alleviation, includes a variety of impoverished rural population-oriented trainings, such as intelligence development, skills training, modern professionalism &work attitude cultivation, physical & mental health education, as well as modern lifestyle & civilized manners guidance. Targeted poverty alleviation should be equipped with mechanisms of comprehensive layout & planning, coordinated advancement of development content and implementation, and a mechanism of organization & input. The approaches to the advancement of rural human resource development are enhancing basic education, building a system of vocational education and training, raising the social security level and improving the supporting mechanisms.展开更多
On a hot summer day in August 2006, Lamao Cering crouched in a windy field in west China＇s Qinghai Province murmuring to herself. ＂I want to go to school,＂ she chanted quietly over and over in an almost mantra-like...On a hot summer day in August 2006, Lamao Cering crouched in a windy field in west China＇s Qinghai Province murmuring to herself. ＂I want to go to school,＂ she chanted quietly over and over in an almost mantra-like trance, oblivious to her father＇s call to come back and tend the sheep.展开更多
On entering the mountainous vii lage of Yanbo in southwest China＇s Guizhou Province. the first thing noticeable is the flat roads and rows of new houses with cars parked in front of them. Against the hillside behind ...On entering the mountainous vii lage of Yanbo in southwest China＇s Guizhou Province. the first thing noticeable is the flat roads and rows of new houses with cars parked in front of them. Against the hillside behind ihe houses are several bustling village run enterprises, including a distillery and poultry farms.展开更多
Background:It is of great challenge to raise the public coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)related health literacy(CRHL)in impoverished regions due to the limits of poor infrastructure,large proportion of vulnerable gr...Background:It is of great challenge to raise the public coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)related health literacy(CRHL)in impoverished regions due to the limits of poor infrastructure,large proportion of vulnerable groups,etc.However,those limits cannot be solved in the short term.Therefore,this study chose Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture,one of the poorest areas in China,as a pilot,to reveal the quantitative relationships among diferent dimensions under the COVID-19 health education framework,clarify the key points for health promotion,and provide specifc suggestions for COVID-19 health education strategy in impoverished regions.Methods:A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted in fve regions of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture in 2020.There were 2,100 individuals sampled by multi-stage method.This survey mainly measured the four dimensions:CRHL,COVID-19 related tense psychological reactions(CRTPR),COVID-19 related information report acquisition(CRIRA),and general health literacy(GHL).The multivariate logistic regression was used to explore the infuence of demographic characteristics on each dimension.Furthermore,to quantify the relationships among different dimensions,this study employed the structural equation model(SEM),and analyzed the mediating efects of CRHL and CRIRA as well as the moderating efects of regional characteristic variables.Results:The CRHL played an important role in promoting COVID-19 health education,reaching 52.5%in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture.The GHL(β=0.336)and age(β=0.136)had statistically positive impacts on CRHL.The CRHL afected CRTPR negatively(β=−0.198)and CRIRA positively(β=0.052).The CRHL played signifcant mediating roles among the four dimensions(P<0.05).Efectiveness of government prevention and control as well as the ethnicity moderated not only the relationships between CRHL and other dimensions,but also the mediating efect of CRHL(P<0.05).People with lower income and education levels had lower GHL(β=0.286,1.292).The youth were more likely to show CRTPR(β=−0.080).Conclusions:By proposing and verifying the theoretical framework,this study put forward specifc suggestions on how to improve COVID-19 health education strategies in impoverished regions via implementation methods,key groups and efect evaluation,which also provided references about future public health emergencies for other impoverished regions of the world.展开更多
Background The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)had spread worldwide.Although the world has intensively focused on the epidemic center during this period of time,it is imperative to emphasize that more at...Background The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)had spread worldwide.Although the world has intensively focused on the epidemic center during this period of time,it is imperative to emphasize that more attention should also be paid to some impoverished areas in China since they are more vulnerable to disease outbreak due to their weak health service capacities.Therefore,this study took Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture as an example to analyze the COVID-19 epidemic in the impoverished area,evaluate the control effect and explore future control strategies.Methods In this study,we collected information including age,gender,nationality,occupation,and address of all COVID-19 cases reported from 25 January 2020 to 23 April 2020 in Liangshan Prefecture from the Nationwide Notifiable Infectious Diseases Reporting Information System(NIDRIS),which were used under license and not publicly available.Additionally,we retrieved other information of cases through epidemiological investigation reports reviewing.Data were analyzed using the software Excel 2010 and SPSS 17.0.The geographic distribution of cases was mapped using ArcGIS10.2.Results By 23 April 2020,a total of 13 COVID-19 cases and two asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 carriers were reported in Liangshan,in three family clusters.Among the cases,eight cases had a history of sojourning in Hubei Province(61.54%),of which six were related to Wuhan.Cases aged under 44 years accounted for 61.54%,with no child case.The delay of patients’hospital visiting,and the low degree of cooperation in epidemiological investigation are problems.Conclusions During the study period,Liangshan was well under control.This was mainly contributed to strict preventive strategies aimed at local culture,inter-sectoral coordination and highly degree of public cooperation.Besides,some possible environmentally and culturally preventive factors(e.g.,rapid air flow and family concept)would affect disease prevention and control.In the next step,the health education about COVID-19 should be strengthened and carried out according to the special culture of ethnic minorities to enhance public awareness of timely medical treatment.展开更多
By sending out questionnaires to 106 counselors of 98 colleges and universities,panel discussion and interviewing,the authors implement a fairly comprehensive survey on the development of the financial aid system of a...By sending out questionnaires to 106 counselors of 98 colleges and universities,panel discussion and interviewing,the authors implement a fairly comprehensive survey on the development of the financial aid system of assisting impoverished students in higher education institutes(HEIs)in China,including national student loans,award fund supported by government,on campus workstudy and subsidy,etc.This paper aims at probing into some major problems that exist in this system and offer some suggestions and countermeasures on how to improve and develop the system.展开更多
基金Supported by the Knowledge Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(KZCX2-SW-319)National Key Technologies Research and Development Program in the 10th Five Year Plan of China(2001BA606A-07).
文摘The impoverishment of soil nutrients of nine gully head areas in Yuanmou Basin is assessed through an integrated evaluation method established on the basis of Fuzzy mathematics and multivariate mathematical theory. Results show that soil erosion of gully erosion area in Yuanmou basin has resulted in severe impoverishment of soil nutrients. All gully head areas are at high leves of impoverishment except for one at middle. By probing into and analyzing the mechanism of impoverishment of soil nutrients, we find that soil erosion has led to impoverishment of soil nutrients in a way of compacting soil, heightening position of obstacle horizon, and reducing the content of organic matter, as well as the direct loss of nutrient elements. Finally, this paper points out that soil and water conservation arming at the prevention of soil erosion is the most effective way against impoverishment of soil nutrients in Yuanmou basin.
基金Supported by Commissioned Project of Office of Rural Work Leading Group of Kunming Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China "Study on the Poverty Alleviation Model of Kunming City in the Context of World Poverty Reduction"Construction Project of Party Branch Secretary’s Studio of "Double Leader" Teachers in Colleges and Universities of the Ministry of Education of China
文摘Disabled people are the poorest in the rural poor with the biggest difficulty in getting rid of poverty and the highest rate of returning to poverty.They are one of the key groups in rural poverty alleviation work.This is the key and difficult point of winning the fight against poverty.Luquan County is a national poverty-stricken county with a large number of disabled people.Since the implementation of the fight against poverty in 2016,the county has introduced a series of policies and measures to help the disabled to get rid of poverty from housing,medical care,schooling for children of the disabled and income increase,and good results have been achieved in poverty alleviation,making important contributions to the poverty alleviation of the county.Based on field research and interviews,this paper analyzes and condenses the specific practices,main results and successful experience of the poverty alleviation model in Luquan County,Yunnan Province to provide necessary reference for the targeted poverty alleviation by helping the disabled in Yunnan Province and other provinces.
基金a staged research result of"Outstanding Young Talent Development Program of Hunan Normal University"[140621]--a key program of 2016 Ministry of Education[DJA160266]under the 13th Five-Year Plan of National Education Science
文摘Poverty alleviation requires knowledge support. Targeted poverty alleviation, aiming to tackle rural poverty, needs to be supported by corresponding rural human resource development. Currently, China's human resource development in impoverished rural regions is faced with some major problems; a huge population distributed over a vast area, a lack of technological and cultural attainment, obsolete concepts, obsolete technical resources, and a significant gap between rural and urban education attainment. Rural human resource development, which is geared to targeted poverty alleviation, includes a variety of impoverished rural population-oriented trainings, such as intelligence development, skills training, modern professionalism &work attitude cultivation, physical & mental health education, as well as modern lifestyle & civilized manners guidance. Targeted poverty alleviation should be equipped with mechanisms of comprehensive layout & planning, coordinated advancement of development content and implementation, and a mechanism of organization & input. The approaches to the advancement of rural human resource development are enhancing basic education, building a system of vocational education and training, raising the social security level and improving the supporting mechanisms.
文摘On a hot summer day in August 2006, Lamao Cering crouched in a windy field in west China＇s Qinghai Province murmuring to herself. ＂I want to go to school,＂ she chanted quietly over and over in an almost mantra-like trance, oblivious to her father＇s call to come back and tend the sheep.
文摘On entering the mountainous vii lage of Yanbo in southwest China＇s Guizhou Province. the first thing noticeable is the flat roads and rows of new houses with cars parked in front of them. Against the hillside behind ihe houses are several bustling village run enterprises, including a distillery and poultry farms.
文摘Background:It is of great challenge to raise the public coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)related health literacy(CRHL)in impoverished regions due to the limits of poor infrastructure,large proportion of vulnerable groups,etc.However,those limits cannot be solved in the short term.Therefore,this study chose Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture,one of the poorest areas in China,as a pilot,to reveal the quantitative relationships among diferent dimensions under the COVID-19 health education framework,clarify the key points for health promotion,and provide specifc suggestions for COVID-19 health education strategy in impoverished regions.Methods:A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted in fve regions of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture in 2020.There were 2,100 individuals sampled by multi-stage method.This survey mainly measured the four dimensions:CRHL,COVID-19 related tense psychological reactions(CRTPR),COVID-19 related information report acquisition(CRIRA),and general health literacy(GHL).The multivariate logistic regression was used to explore the infuence of demographic characteristics on each dimension.Furthermore,to quantify the relationships among different dimensions,this study employed the structural equation model(SEM),and analyzed the mediating efects of CRHL and CRIRA as well as the moderating efects of regional characteristic variables.Results:The CRHL played an important role in promoting COVID-19 health education,reaching 52.5%in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture.The GHL(β=0.336)and age(β=0.136)had statistically positive impacts on CRHL.The CRHL afected CRTPR negatively(β=−0.198)and CRIRA positively(β=0.052).The CRHL played signifcant mediating roles among the four dimensions(P<0.05).Efectiveness of government prevention and control as well as the ethnicity moderated not only the relationships between CRHL and other dimensions,but also the mediating efect of CRHL(P<0.05).People with lower income and education levels had lower GHL(β=0.286,1.292).The youth were more likely to show CRTPR(β=−0.080).Conclusions:By proposing and verifying the theoretical framework,this study put forward specifc suggestions on how to improve COVID-19 health education strategies in impoverished regions via implementation methods,key groups and efect evaluation,which also provided references about future public health emergencies for other impoverished regions of the world.
文摘Background The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)had spread worldwide.Although the world has intensively focused on the epidemic center during this period of time,it is imperative to emphasize that more attention should also be paid to some impoverished areas in China since they are more vulnerable to disease outbreak due to their weak health service capacities.Therefore,this study took Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture as an example to analyze the COVID-19 epidemic in the impoverished area,evaluate the control effect and explore future control strategies.Methods In this study,we collected information including age,gender,nationality,occupation,and address of all COVID-19 cases reported from 25 January 2020 to 23 April 2020 in Liangshan Prefecture from the Nationwide Notifiable Infectious Diseases Reporting Information System(NIDRIS),which were used under license and not publicly available.Additionally,we retrieved other information of cases through epidemiological investigation reports reviewing.Data were analyzed using the software Excel 2010 and SPSS 17.0.The geographic distribution of cases was mapped using ArcGIS10.2.Results By 23 April 2020,a total of 13 COVID-19 cases and two asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 carriers were reported in Liangshan,in three family clusters.Among the cases,eight cases had a history of sojourning in Hubei Province(61.54%),of which six were related to Wuhan.Cases aged under 44 years accounted for 61.54%,with no child case.The delay of patients’hospital visiting,and the low degree of cooperation in epidemiological investigation are problems.Conclusions During the study period,Liangshan was well under control.This was mainly contributed to strict preventive strategies aimed at local culture,inter-sectoral coordination and highly degree of public cooperation.Besides,some possible environmentally and culturally preventive factors(e.g.,rapid air flow and family concept)would affect disease prevention and control.In the next step,the health education about COVID-19 should be strengthened and carried out according to the special culture of ethnic minorities to enhance public awareness of timely medical treatment.
文摘By sending out questionnaires to 106 counselors of 98 colleges and universities,panel discussion and interviewing,the authors implement a fairly comprehensive survey on the development of the financial aid system of assisting impoverished students in higher education institutes(HEIs)in China,including national student loans,award fund supported by government,on campus workstudy and subsidy,etc.This paper aims at probing into some major problems that exist in this system and offer some suggestions and countermeasures on how to improve and develop the system.
