The pressure and temperature increase resulting from the impact of different threats onto target materials is analyzed with a unified laboratory-scale setup.This allows deriving qualitative information on the occurrin...The pressure and temperature increase resulting from the impact of different threats onto target materials is analyzed with a unified laboratory-scale setup.This allows deriving qualitative information on the occurring phenomenology as well as quantitative statements about the relative effects sizes as a function of target material and threat.The considered target materials are steel,aluminum,and magnesium.As threats,kinetic energy penetrator,explosively formed projectile,and shaped charge jet are used.For the investigated combinations,the measured overpressures vary by a factor of up to 5 for a variation of the material,by a factor of up to 7 for a variation of the threat,and by a factor larger than 15for a simultaneous variation of both.The obtained results as well as the experimental approach are relevant for the basic understanding of impact effects and risks due to material reactivity.The paper combines two main aims.Firstly,to provide a summary of own prior work in a coherent journal article and,secondly,to review and discuss these earlier results with a new perspective.展开更多
Objective:To explore the improvement effect of implementing Buzhong Yiqi Decoction combined with Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction on cardiac function and quality of life of patients during the treatment of coronary heart disease...Objective:To explore the improvement effect of implementing Buzhong Yiqi Decoction combined with Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction on cardiac function and quality of life of patients during the treatment of coronary heart disease complicated with heart failure.Methods:Eighty cases were included in the study,and they were equally divided into a control group(n=40,treated with basic western medicine)and a study group(n=40,treated with Buzhong Yiqi Decoction combined with Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction)according to random sampling grouping method.The intervention index results of the two groups were compared.Results:The improvement of cardiac function index,TCM syndrome score,and quality of life in the study group was more prominent,with a statistical value of P<0.05.Conclusion:Buzhong Yiqi Decoction combined with Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction and conventional western medicine treatment can effectively improve the cardiac function of patients with coronary heart disease complicated with heart failure and enhance their quality of life.It is worthy of clinical promotion and application.展开更多
Objective:To explore the impact of parenting care guidance combined with preventive healthcare on child family parenting.Methods:Ninety-two child families were included as research subjects and randomly divided into a...Objective:To explore the impact of parenting care guidance combined with preventive healthcare on child family parenting.Methods:Ninety-two child families were included as research subjects and randomly divided into a control group and an observation group,with 46 cases in each group.The former implemented basic preventive healthcare,while the latter simultaneously carried out parenting care guidance combined with preventive healthcare.The intervention results of the two groups were compared.Results:The observation group had a higher awareness rate of family parenting knowledge and a higher formation rate of healthy behaviors,P<0.05.At the same time,parents’parenting anxiety scores were lower,and family health management ability scores were higher,P<0.05.Moreover,the observation group showed higher scores in children’s social skills,P<0.05.Conclusion:Parenting care guidance combined with preventive healthcare can effectively improve the status of child family parenting,and it is worthy of promotion and application.展开更多
A good quality Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) is key for the effectiveness of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) processes and consequently to the acceptability of projects subject to EIA. The international l...A good quality Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) is key for the effectiveness of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) processes and consequently to the acceptability of projects subject to EIA. The international literature has contributed to the understanding of the essential aspects to be verified regarding the quality of EIS, offering a wide spectrum of good practice examples related to the content of the studies. Even so, there is a need for empirical studies that allow the identification of specific aspects related to the context of application of the EIS, which could lead to the identification of opportunities to improve both the quality of the reports and also the effectiveness of EIA. Therefore, the present paper is focused on the quality review of a number of EIS submitted to the Brazilian Federal Environmental Agency (Ibama) to instruct the assessment of electric power transmission systems. Based on the application of the EIS quality review package as proposed by Lee and Colley (1992), the outcomes reveal opportunities for improving the scope of EIA, analysis of alternatives, prediction of magnitude and the assessment of impact significance. Finally, the development and/or adaptation of a similar tool for the systematic review of the quality of EIA reports is recommended.展开更多
Since 2015, a “reform storm” of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) opened up in China. This study tries to answer the question of whether these reforms improve the effectiveness of EIA. First, we elaborate on the...Since 2015, a “reform storm” of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) opened up in China. This study tries to answer the question of whether these reforms improve the effectiveness of EIA. First, we elaborate on the reforms along with three well-acknowledged components, including EIA legislation, administration, and process. Then, evaluate the reformed EIA system against revised Ahmad and Wood’s criteria. The results demonstrate that the revised laws and regulations are more stringent than the old versions. The EIA process is simplified, and its coordination with the pollutant discharge permit system is promoted. The interim and post-event supervision is currently more robust and the penalties are more severe than before. However, the hierarchical position of the Environmental Protection Law is not high enough and the coordination of different government departments is still challenging. In summary, despite the problems occurring at the initial phase of reforms, the effectiveness of the EIA system has largely been improved.展开更多
Upper Triassic sedimentary systems of both the Arabian Plate and the Germanic Basin reveal climate- and plate tectonic-forced effects through certain time-intervals experienced by architectural elements, lithofacies t...Upper Triassic sedimentary systems of both the Arabian Plate and the Germanic Basin reveal climate- and plate tectonic-forced effects through certain time-intervals experienced by architectural elements, lithofacies types, unconformities, flash flood deposits, maximum flooding surfaces/sequence boundary (MFS/SB), mineralogy, and isotope anomalies. Further, Moon recession and changes of Earth’s rotation velocity (core/mantle boundary) are associated with multiple impacting and large igneous provinces/Mid Oceanic Ridge Basalt, LIP/MORB-rifting/degassing. While acidification (by degassing, sturz-rain) does influence tectosilicates and carbonates, montmorillonite represents a key mineral as transformation of volcanic/impact glass (Tephra) to be found as co-components in and in certain pelite units as “boundary clay-suspicions” (mixture of eolian paleoloess, pelite, paleosol, and tephra → tuffite). Obviously, unconformities and sequence boundaries of both study areas separate and dislocate interrupted ∂<sup>13</sup>C and <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr-data groups along the isotope curves. Both Proto-Arctic Ocean rifting/degassing comprising kimberlitic pyroclastic eruptions and Neotethys rifting/degassing as well as multiple impacting played the most important role during the Norian, followed by the incipient Central Atlantic Magmatic Provinces rifting since the Rhaetian. The following associations are encountered and dealt with in this study: Sequence boundaries-∂<sup>13</sup>C, maximum flooding surfaces-(FUCs)-∂<sup>13</sup>C, unconformities-plate motion, tephra-pelite-tuffite-montmorillonite. Norian: maximum flooding surfaces (MFSs)-“paleosol”/boundary clay?-rifting-volcanism, Moon/Earth data change. So the Norian (~221 - 206 Ma) hosts anomalous “amalgamated maximum flooding surfaces (MFSs)”, amalgamated paleosol (Jordanian Platform), multiple impacting (~219 - 214 Ma), the maximum opening of the Proto-Arctic Ocean (PAO) (~230 - 200 Ma), Neo-Tethys (NT)-subvolcanic (sills, dikes) in the NE Dead Sea area prior the Rhaetian, and a significant change of Earth/Moon relation data. The study concludes that rare and extreme events are very strongly shaping the geologic constellations in the Earth System.展开更多
植被总初级生产力(Gross Primary Productivity,GPP)是陆地生态系统碳汇的重要组成部分。深入理解干旱对植被GPP影响的累积效应和滞后效应,揭示植被响应机制,对云南省生态安全具有重要意义。然而,关于植被GPP干旱响应机制的时空异质性...植被总初级生产力(Gross Primary Productivity,GPP)是陆地生态系统碳汇的重要组成部分。深入理解干旱对植被GPP影响的累积效应和滞后效应,揭示植被响应机制,对云南省生态安全具有重要意义。然而,关于植被GPP干旱响应机制的时空异质性和影响因子的研究仍较为匮乏。研究基于2001—2023年植被GPP和标准化降水蒸散发指数数据,采用时间序列分析方法和最大相关系数法,分析了云南省气象干旱和植被GPP的时空变化特征,量化并探讨了干旱对植被GPP的累积效应与滞后效应,及其受长期干湿状况和海拔的影响。结果表明:(1)近23年以来,云南省总体上表现为不显著干旱化趋势。干旱的高发区域主要分布在西北部、西部和中东部,高发时段为春季和秋季。植被GPP多年均值为1600.2 g C/m^(2),年际变化表现为极显著上升趋势(6.8 g C m^(-2) a^(-1),P<0.001),但年际波动较为明显。(2)植被GPP对干旱的响应具有明显的时空异质性,以秋季和春季响应最为显著,空间上干热河谷地区最易受干旱影响,响应强烈且迅速。(3)全省52.0%和54.9%的区域植被GPP显著受干旱累积效应和滞后效应的影响。累积效应时间尺度以中短期(4—6个月)和长期(10—12个月)为主,滞后时间以长期(10—12个月)为主。相较灌木和森林,农田和草地对干旱的响应更强烈、时间尺度更短。滞后时间在不同植被类型间的差异较小。(4)长期干湿状况和海拔是影响干旱累积效应和滞后效应的重要因素。随着环境从干燥转为湿润或是海拔升高,干旱影响强度会逐渐降低,累积效应时间尺度延长,而滞后时间则缩短。海拔对干旱影响强度的作用大于干湿状况,而累积效应时间尺度和滞后时间受干湿状况的影响则更显著。研究结果可以为干旱风险缓解与应对管理策略的制定提供科学依据。展开更多
文摘The pressure and temperature increase resulting from the impact of different threats onto target materials is analyzed with a unified laboratory-scale setup.This allows deriving qualitative information on the occurring phenomenology as well as quantitative statements about the relative effects sizes as a function of target material and threat.The considered target materials are steel,aluminum,and magnesium.As threats,kinetic energy penetrator,explosively formed projectile,and shaped charge jet are used.For the investigated combinations,the measured overpressures vary by a factor of up to 5 for a variation of the material,by a factor of up to 7 for a variation of the threat,and by a factor larger than 15for a simultaneous variation of both.The obtained results as well as the experimental approach are relevant for the basic understanding of impact effects and risks due to material reactivity.The paper combines two main aims.Firstly,to provide a summary of own prior work in a coherent journal article and,secondly,to review and discuss these earlier results with a new perspective.
文摘Objective:To explore the improvement effect of implementing Buzhong Yiqi Decoction combined with Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction on cardiac function and quality of life of patients during the treatment of coronary heart disease complicated with heart failure.Methods:Eighty cases were included in the study,and they were equally divided into a control group(n=40,treated with basic western medicine)and a study group(n=40,treated with Buzhong Yiqi Decoction combined with Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction)according to random sampling grouping method.The intervention index results of the two groups were compared.Results:The improvement of cardiac function index,TCM syndrome score,and quality of life in the study group was more prominent,with a statistical value of P<0.05.Conclusion:Buzhong Yiqi Decoction combined with Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction and conventional western medicine treatment can effectively improve the cardiac function of patients with coronary heart disease complicated with heart failure and enhance their quality of life.It is worthy of clinical promotion and application.
文摘Objective:To explore the impact of parenting care guidance combined with preventive healthcare on child family parenting.Methods:Ninety-two child families were included as research subjects and randomly divided into a control group and an observation group,with 46 cases in each group.The former implemented basic preventive healthcare,while the latter simultaneously carried out parenting care guidance combined with preventive healthcare.The intervention results of the two groups were compared.Results:The observation group had a higher awareness rate of family parenting knowledge and a higher formation rate of healthy behaviors,P<0.05.At the same time,parents’parenting anxiety scores were lower,and family health management ability scores were higher,P<0.05.Moreover,the observation group showed higher scores in children’s social skills,P<0.05.Conclusion:Parenting care guidance combined with preventive healthcare can effectively improve the status of child family parenting,and it is worthy of promotion and application.
文摘A good quality Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) is key for the effectiveness of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) processes and consequently to the acceptability of projects subject to EIA. The international literature has contributed to the understanding of the essential aspects to be verified regarding the quality of EIS, offering a wide spectrum of good practice examples related to the content of the studies. Even so, there is a need for empirical studies that allow the identification of specific aspects related to the context of application of the EIS, which could lead to the identification of opportunities to improve both the quality of the reports and also the effectiveness of EIA. Therefore, the present paper is focused on the quality review of a number of EIS submitted to the Brazilian Federal Environmental Agency (Ibama) to instruct the assessment of electric power transmission systems. Based on the application of the EIS quality review package as proposed by Lee and Colley (1992), the outcomes reveal opportunities for improving the scope of EIA, analysis of alternatives, prediction of magnitude and the assessment of impact significance. Finally, the development and/or adaptation of a similar tool for the systematic review of the quality of EIA reports is recommended.
文摘Since 2015, a “reform storm” of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) opened up in China. This study tries to answer the question of whether these reforms improve the effectiveness of EIA. First, we elaborate on the reforms along with three well-acknowledged components, including EIA legislation, administration, and process. Then, evaluate the reformed EIA system against revised Ahmad and Wood’s criteria. The results demonstrate that the revised laws and regulations are more stringent than the old versions. The EIA process is simplified, and its coordination with the pollutant discharge permit system is promoted. The interim and post-event supervision is currently more robust and the penalties are more severe than before. However, the hierarchical position of the Environmental Protection Law is not high enough and the coordination of different government departments is still challenging. In summary, despite the problems occurring at the initial phase of reforms, the effectiveness of the EIA system has largely been improved.
文摘Upper Triassic sedimentary systems of both the Arabian Plate and the Germanic Basin reveal climate- and plate tectonic-forced effects through certain time-intervals experienced by architectural elements, lithofacies types, unconformities, flash flood deposits, maximum flooding surfaces/sequence boundary (MFS/SB), mineralogy, and isotope anomalies. Further, Moon recession and changes of Earth’s rotation velocity (core/mantle boundary) are associated with multiple impacting and large igneous provinces/Mid Oceanic Ridge Basalt, LIP/MORB-rifting/degassing. While acidification (by degassing, sturz-rain) does influence tectosilicates and carbonates, montmorillonite represents a key mineral as transformation of volcanic/impact glass (Tephra) to be found as co-components in and in certain pelite units as “boundary clay-suspicions” (mixture of eolian paleoloess, pelite, paleosol, and tephra → tuffite). Obviously, unconformities and sequence boundaries of both study areas separate and dislocate interrupted ∂<sup>13</sup>C and <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr-data groups along the isotope curves. Both Proto-Arctic Ocean rifting/degassing comprising kimberlitic pyroclastic eruptions and Neotethys rifting/degassing as well as multiple impacting played the most important role during the Norian, followed by the incipient Central Atlantic Magmatic Provinces rifting since the Rhaetian. The following associations are encountered and dealt with in this study: Sequence boundaries-∂<sup>13</sup>C, maximum flooding surfaces-(FUCs)-∂<sup>13</sup>C, unconformities-plate motion, tephra-pelite-tuffite-montmorillonite. Norian: maximum flooding surfaces (MFSs)-“paleosol”/boundary clay?-rifting-volcanism, Moon/Earth data change. So the Norian (~221 - 206 Ma) hosts anomalous “amalgamated maximum flooding surfaces (MFSs)”, amalgamated paleosol (Jordanian Platform), multiple impacting (~219 - 214 Ma), the maximum opening of the Proto-Arctic Ocean (PAO) (~230 - 200 Ma), Neo-Tethys (NT)-subvolcanic (sills, dikes) in the NE Dead Sea area prior the Rhaetian, and a significant change of Earth/Moon relation data. The study concludes that rare and extreme events are very strongly shaping the geologic constellations in the Earth System.
文摘植被总初级生产力(Gross Primary Productivity,GPP)是陆地生态系统碳汇的重要组成部分。深入理解干旱对植被GPP影响的累积效应和滞后效应,揭示植被响应机制,对云南省生态安全具有重要意义。然而,关于植被GPP干旱响应机制的时空异质性和影响因子的研究仍较为匮乏。研究基于2001—2023年植被GPP和标准化降水蒸散发指数数据,采用时间序列分析方法和最大相关系数法,分析了云南省气象干旱和植被GPP的时空变化特征,量化并探讨了干旱对植被GPP的累积效应与滞后效应,及其受长期干湿状况和海拔的影响。结果表明:(1)近23年以来,云南省总体上表现为不显著干旱化趋势。干旱的高发区域主要分布在西北部、西部和中东部,高发时段为春季和秋季。植被GPP多年均值为1600.2 g C/m^(2),年际变化表现为极显著上升趋势(6.8 g C m^(-2) a^(-1),P<0.001),但年际波动较为明显。(2)植被GPP对干旱的响应具有明显的时空异质性,以秋季和春季响应最为显著,空间上干热河谷地区最易受干旱影响,响应强烈且迅速。(3)全省52.0%和54.9%的区域植被GPP显著受干旱累积效应和滞后效应的影响。累积效应时间尺度以中短期(4—6个月)和长期(10—12个月)为主,滞后时间以长期(10—12个月)为主。相较灌木和森林,农田和草地对干旱的响应更强烈、时间尺度更短。滞后时间在不同植被类型间的差异较小。(4)长期干湿状况和海拔是影响干旱累积效应和滞后效应的重要因素。随着环境从干燥转为湿润或是海拔升高,干旱影响强度会逐渐降低,累积效应时间尺度延长,而滞后时间则缩短。海拔对干旱影响强度的作用大于干湿状况,而累积效应时间尺度和滞后时间受干湿状况的影响则更显著。研究结果可以为干旱风险缓解与应对管理策略的制定提供科学依据。
