OBJECTIVE:To collect and screen for ethnopharmacological properties(antileishmanial,antibacterial and brine lethality assays) of medicinal plant Ocimum basilicum from Peshawar region(34.008 latitude and 71.57 altitude...OBJECTIVE:To collect and screen for ethnopharmacological properties(antileishmanial,antibacterial and brine lethality assays) of medicinal plant Ocimum basilicum from Peshawar region(34.008 latitude and 71.57 altitudes).METHODS:In the present study a general antileishmanial activity against Leishmania tropica strain was carried out.The antibacterial potential of the plant was performed against 06 gram positive and 06 gram negative bacteria.Brine shrimp cytotoxicity assay at different concentrations were investigated.RESULTS:The anti-promastigotes profile of the plant showed good antileishmanial activity exhibited LC_(50) value 21.67 μg/mL.The result for gram positive antibacterial activity revealed that the O.basilicum leaves extract possesses significant inhibitory activity at highest two concentrations ranging from20.66 ± 0.31 to 31.86 ± 0.80 for Clostridium perfringens type C and Bacillus subtitilis,respectively,as compared to the gentamycin(27.36 ± 0.55 and21.80 ± 0.72,respectively).For gram negative bacteria good activity was observed.A highest zone of inhibition was recorded for Pseudomonas aeroginosa(28.83 ± 0.28) atthe highest concentration(10 mg/mL).The LC_(50) value obtained for brine shrimp lethality assay was 91.56 μg/mL.CONCLUSION:The herb basil possesses effective cidal activities which make this plant a good candidate for the isolation of antiprotozoal and antibacterial compounds which may lead to the development of novel drug.展开更多
Background Serological screening tests play a crucial role to diagnose gambiense human African trypanosomiasis (gHAT). Presently, they preselect individuals for microscopic confirmation, but in future "screen and...Background Serological screening tests play a crucial role to diagnose gambiense human African trypanosomiasis (gHAT). Presently, they preselect individuals for microscopic confirmation, but in future "screen and treat" strategies they will identify individuals for treatment. Variability in reported specificities, the development of new rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) and the hypothesis that malaria infection may decrease RDT specificity led us to evaluate the specificity of 5 gHAT screening tests.Methods During active screening, venous blood samples from 1095 individuals from Cote d’Ivoire and Guinea were tested consecutively with commercial (CATT, HAT Sero-K-SeT, Abbott Bioline HAT 2.0) and prototype (DCN HAT RDT, HAT Sero-K-SeT 2.0) gHAT screening tests and with a malaria RDT. Individuals with ≥ 1 positive gHAT screening test underwent microscopy and further immunological (trypanolysis withT.b. gambiense LiTat 1.3, 1.5 and 1.6;indirect ELISA/T.b. gambiense;T.b. gambiense inhibition ELISA withT.b. gambiense LiTat 1.3 and 1.5 VSG) and molecular reference laboratory tests (PCR TBRN3, 18S and TgsGP;SHERLOCK 18S Tids, 7SLZoon, and TgsGP;Trypanozoon S2-RT-qPCR 18S2, 177T, GPI-PLC and TgsGP in multiplex;RT-qPCR DT8, DT9 and TgsGP in multiplex). Microscopic trypanosome detection confirmed gHAT, while other individuals were considered gHAT free. Differences in fractions between groups were assessed by Chi square and differences in specificity between 2 tests on the same individuals by McNemar.Results One gHAT case was diagnosed. Overall test specificities (n = 1094) were: CATT 98.9% (95%CI: 98.1–99.4%);HAT Sero-K-SeT 86.7% (95%CI: 84.5–88.5%);Bioline HAT 2.0 82.1% (95%CI: 79.7–84.2%);DCN HAT RDT 78.2% (95%CI: 75.7–80.6%);and HAT Sero-K-SeT 2.0 78.4% (95%CI: 75.9–80.8%). In malaria positives, gHAT screening tests appeared less specific, but the difference was significant only in Guinea for Abbott Bioline HAT 2.0 (P = 0.03) and HAT Sero-K-Set 2.0 (P = 0.0006). The specificities of immunological and molecular laboratory tests in gHAT seropositives were 98.7–100% (n = 399) and 93.0–100% (n = 302), respectively. Among 44 reference laboratory test positives, only the confirmed gHAT patient and one screening test seropositive combined immunological and molecular reference laboratory test positivity.Conclusions Although a minor effect of malaria cannot be excluded, gHAT RDT specificities are far below the 95% minimal specificity stipulated by the WHO target product profile for a simple diagnostic tool to identify individuals eligible for treatment. Unless specificity is improved, an RDT-based "screen and treat" strategy would result in massive overtreatment. In view of their inconsistent results, additional comparative evaluations of the diagnostic performance of reference laboratory tests are indicated for better identifying, among screening test positives, those at increased suspicion for gHAT.Trial registration The trial was retrospectively registered under NCT05466630 in clinicaltrials.gov on July 15 2022.展开更多
Objective: To explore the clinical value of joint detection of immunology in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods: 60 patients with SLE in our hospital were selected as the analysis objects. The d...Objective: To explore the clinical value of joint detection of immunology in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods: 60 patients with SLE in our hospital were selected as the analysis objects. The diagnosis and treatment time was from January 2018 to January 2020. Among them, 30 patients with active SLE set as group A, and the other 30 non-active SLE patients were set as group B. In addition, 30 healthy people who received physical examination in our hospital and showed no abnormality were selected as Control group. All the subjects received joint detection of immunology. The data obtained from the group detection were analyzed and compared to summarize the diagnostic value of joint detection of immunology for SLE Results: compared with the control group, the data of IgG, IgA and IgM in group A were significantly higher, the data of C3 and C4 were significantly lower (P < 0.05), while the data of IgG and IgA in group B were significantly higher (P < 0.05), and the other indexes were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). 41.67% of patients with SLE were tested positive for ANAS. 33.33% of the patients tested positive for anti-DS-DNA antibodies. 13.33% of the patients showed positive for ENA polypeptide antibody Sm. 20.0% of the patients showed positive for 12 anti-RNA antibody u1RNP. Both Sm and ulRNP tests were positive in 10.0% of the patients. In 20.0% of the patients, the anti-SS-A antibody test indicated positive. 11.67% of patients showed positive SS-A and SS-B tests. 8.33% of the patients showed positive anti-SS-B test. Conclusion: the application of joint detection of immunology in the clinical treatment of SLE has an outstanding diagnostic and guiding value for the disease, help doctors more comprehensively evaluate the development of the patient's condition, and it is of great significance for the formulation of clinical treatment plan and the adjustment of follow-up prognosis intervention measures, which is worthy of attention and promotion.展开更多
文摘OBJECTIVE:To collect and screen for ethnopharmacological properties(antileishmanial,antibacterial and brine lethality assays) of medicinal plant Ocimum basilicum from Peshawar region(34.008 latitude and 71.57 altitudes).METHODS:In the present study a general antileishmanial activity against Leishmania tropica strain was carried out.The antibacterial potential of the plant was performed against 06 gram positive and 06 gram negative bacteria.Brine shrimp cytotoxicity assay at different concentrations were investigated.RESULTS:The anti-promastigotes profile of the plant showed good antileishmanial activity exhibited LC_(50) value 21.67 μg/mL.The result for gram positive antibacterial activity revealed that the O.basilicum leaves extract possesses significant inhibitory activity at highest two concentrations ranging from20.66 ± 0.31 to 31.86 ± 0.80 for Clostridium perfringens type C and Bacillus subtitilis,respectively,as compared to the gentamycin(27.36 ± 0.55 and21.80 ± 0.72,respectively).For gram negative bacteria good activity was observed.A highest zone of inhibition was recorded for Pseudomonas aeroginosa(28.83 ± 0.28) atthe highest concentration(10 mg/mL).The LC_(50) value obtained for brine shrimp lethality assay was 91.56 μg/mL.CONCLUSION:The herb basil possesses effective cidal activities which make this plant a good candidate for the isolation of antiprotozoal and antibacterial compounds which may lead to the development of novel drug.
基金This work was supported by the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation(grant nr.81071426,7F-08866.03.01)the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation(www.gatesfoundation.org)through the Trypa-NO!Project(grants number INV-001785,OPP1033712,OPP1154033)the'Development and integration of serological and molecular diagnostics in view of interruption of transmission of gambiense-HAT'project(grant number INV-031353).
文摘Background Serological screening tests play a crucial role to diagnose gambiense human African trypanosomiasis (gHAT). Presently, they preselect individuals for microscopic confirmation, but in future "screen and treat" strategies they will identify individuals for treatment. Variability in reported specificities, the development of new rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) and the hypothesis that malaria infection may decrease RDT specificity led us to evaluate the specificity of 5 gHAT screening tests.Methods During active screening, venous blood samples from 1095 individuals from Cote d’Ivoire and Guinea were tested consecutively with commercial (CATT, HAT Sero-K-SeT, Abbott Bioline HAT 2.0) and prototype (DCN HAT RDT, HAT Sero-K-SeT 2.0) gHAT screening tests and with a malaria RDT. Individuals with ≥ 1 positive gHAT screening test underwent microscopy and further immunological (trypanolysis withT.b. gambiense LiTat 1.3, 1.5 and 1.6;indirect ELISA/T.b. gambiense;T.b. gambiense inhibition ELISA withT.b. gambiense LiTat 1.3 and 1.5 VSG) and molecular reference laboratory tests (PCR TBRN3, 18S and TgsGP;SHERLOCK 18S Tids, 7SLZoon, and TgsGP;Trypanozoon S2-RT-qPCR 18S2, 177T, GPI-PLC and TgsGP in multiplex;RT-qPCR DT8, DT9 and TgsGP in multiplex). Microscopic trypanosome detection confirmed gHAT, while other individuals were considered gHAT free. Differences in fractions between groups were assessed by Chi square and differences in specificity between 2 tests on the same individuals by McNemar.Results One gHAT case was diagnosed. Overall test specificities (n = 1094) were: CATT 98.9% (95%CI: 98.1–99.4%);HAT Sero-K-SeT 86.7% (95%CI: 84.5–88.5%);Bioline HAT 2.0 82.1% (95%CI: 79.7–84.2%);DCN HAT RDT 78.2% (95%CI: 75.7–80.6%);and HAT Sero-K-SeT 2.0 78.4% (95%CI: 75.9–80.8%). In malaria positives, gHAT screening tests appeared less specific, but the difference was significant only in Guinea for Abbott Bioline HAT 2.0 (P = 0.03) and HAT Sero-K-Set 2.0 (P = 0.0006). The specificities of immunological and molecular laboratory tests in gHAT seropositives were 98.7–100% (n = 399) and 93.0–100% (n = 302), respectively. Among 44 reference laboratory test positives, only the confirmed gHAT patient and one screening test seropositive combined immunological and molecular reference laboratory test positivity.Conclusions Although a minor effect of malaria cannot be excluded, gHAT RDT specificities are far below the 95% minimal specificity stipulated by the WHO target product profile for a simple diagnostic tool to identify individuals eligible for treatment. Unless specificity is improved, an RDT-based "screen and treat" strategy would result in massive overtreatment. In view of their inconsistent results, additional comparative evaluations of the diagnostic performance of reference laboratory tests are indicated for better identifying, among screening test positives, those at increased suspicion for gHAT.Trial registration The trial was retrospectively registered under NCT05466630 in clinicaltrials.gov on July 15 2022.
文摘Objective: To explore the clinical value of joint detection of immunology in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods: 60 patients with SLE in our hospital were selected as the analysis objects. The diagnosis and treatment time was from January 2018 to January 2020. Among them, 30 patients with active SLE set as group A, and the other 30 non-active SLE patients were set as group B. In addition, 30 healthy people who received physical examination in our hospital and showed no abnormality were selected as Control group. All the subjects received joint detection of immunology. The data obtained from the group detection were analyzed and compared to summarize the diagnostic value of joint detection of immunology for SLE Results: compared with the control group, the data of IgG, IgA and IgM in group A were significantly higher, the data of C3 and C4 were significantly lower (P < 0.05), while the data of IgG and IgA in group B were significantly higher (P < 0.05), and the other indexes were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). 41.67% of patients with SLE were tested positive for ANAS. 33.33% of the patients tested positive for anti-DS-DNA antibodies. 13.33% of the patients showed positive for ENA polypeptide antibody Sm. 20.0% of the patients showed positive for 12 anti-RNA antibody u1RNP. Both Sm and ulRNP tests were positive in 10.0% of the patients. In 20.0% of the patients, the anti-SS-A antibody test indicated positive. 11.67% of patients showed positive SS-A and SS-B tests. 8.33% of the patients showed positive anti-SS-B test. Conclusion: the application of joint detection of immunology in the clinical treatment of SLE has an outstanding diagnostic and guiding value for the disease, help doctors more comprehensively evaluate the development of the patient's condition, and it is of great significance for the formulation of clinical treatment plan and the adjustment of follow-up prognosis intervention measures, which is worthy of attention and promotion.
