Aquatic products are considered a potential source of novel bioactive proteins,which are used as therapeutic drugs for the treatment of different diseases(such as oxidative stress,immunocompromised,and inflammation),a...Aquatic products are considered a potential source of novel bioactive proteins,which are used as therapeutic drugs for the treatment of different diseases(such as oxidative stress,immunocompromised,and inflammation),as well as nutraceuticals and cosmetics.However,the physical and chemical properties of proteins are unstable,and they are easily denatured by the influence of external high temperature and polar pH during processing,resulting in the loss of their functional activity.Herein,Fenneropenaeus chinensis water-soluble protein(FCWP)and Lateolabrax japonicus water-soluble protein(LJWP)were encapsulated within spherical biopolymer microgels composed of pectin and chitosan produced by the microfluidic device.The encapsulated samples remained inside the microgels when they were exposed to upper gastrointestinal but were released when they were exposed to simulated colonic fluid due to the hydrolysis effect by enzymes secreted by the colonic microflora.The results showed that microgels improve the thermal stability of FCWP and LJWP due to the interaction between polysaccharides and proteins in the microgels.In addition,microgels encapsulation did not affect the antioxidant and immunoenhancing activities of FCWP and LJWP.In summary,these microgels are suitable for oral colon-specific delivery in functional foods and supplements.展开更多
We tested the winter immunity enhancement hypothesis(WIEH)on male desert hamsters(Phodopus roborovskii)kept under long-day(LD)and short-day(SD)photoperiods.We assumed that under SD in a laboratory,the adaptive humoral...We tested the winter immunity enhancement hypothesis(WIEH)on male desert hamsters(Phodopus roborovskii)kept under long-day(LD)and short-day(SD)photoperiods.We assumed that under SD in a laboratory,the adaptive humoral immune responsiveness to the antigenic challenge would be enhanced due to the lack of winter physical stressors and food shortages and/or because of the action of an endogenous winter bolstering mechanism,while under LD the immune responsiveness would be suppressed by the activity of the reproductive system.The results support the WIEH in part.We did not find a difference in antibody production in response to sheep erythrocytes between SD and LD hamsters,but SD males had the lower number of granulocytes and the higher number of lymphocytes in white blood cell counts.Reproductive activity was lower in SD males.These males demonstrated an increase in their mass-specific resting metabolic rate,their mass-specific maximal metabolic rate and their level of cortisol.The result of a generalized linear model analysis indicates the negative effect on secondary immunoresponsiveness to sheep erythrocytes of mid-ventral gland size,the organ characterizing individual reproductive quality,and designates a tradeoff between antibody production and reproductive effort.The mass-independent maximal metabolic rate also negatively affected antibody production,indicating a tradeoff between maximal aerobic performance and the adaptive immune function.The higher stress in SD males seems to be the most likely reason for the lack of the effect of daylight duration on antibody production.展开更多
基金financed by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFF1100603)the Key Research and Development Program of Shandong Province(2021SFGC1205).
文摘Aquatic products are considered a potential source of novel bioactive proteins,which are used as therapeutic drugs for the treatment of different diseases(such as oxidative stress,immunocompromised,and inflammation),as well as nutraceuticals and cosmetics.However,the physical and chemical properties of proteins are unstable,and they are easily denatured by the influence of external high temperature and polar pH during processing,resulting in the loss of their functional activity.Herein,Fenneropenaeus chinensis water-soluble protein(FCWP)and Lateolabrax japonicus water-soluble protein(LJWP)were encapsulated within spherical biopolymer microgels composed of pectin and chitosan produced by the microfluidic device.The encapsulated samples remained inside the microgels when they were exposed to upper gastrointestinal but were released when they were exposed to simulated colonic fluid due to the hydrolysis effect by enzymes secreted by the colonic microflora.The results showed that microgels improve the thermal stability of FCWP and LJWP due to the interaction between polysaccharides and proteins in the microgels.In addition,microgels encapsulation did not affect the antioxidant and immunoenhancing activities of FCWP and LJWP.In summary,these microgels are suitable for oral colon-specific delivery in functional foods and supplements.
基金This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research in the framework of the program for joint international projects financed by the RFBR and the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(Grant of RFBR-NSFC No.17-54-53206).
文摘We tested the winter immunity enhancement hypothesis(WIEH)on male desert hamsters(Phodopus roborovskii)kept under long-day(LD)and short-day(SD)photoperiods.We assumed that under SD in a laboratory,the adaptive humoral immune responsiveness to the antigenic challenge would be enhanced due to the lack of winter physical stressors and food shortages and/or because of the action of an endogenous winter bolstering mechanism,while under LD the immune responsiveness would be suppressed by the activity of the reproductive system.The results support the WIEH in part.We did not find a difference in antibody production in response to sheep erythrocytes between SD and LD hamsters,but SD males had the lower number of granulocytes and the higher number of lymphocytes in white blood cell counts.Reproductive activity was lower in SD males.These males demonstrated an increase in their mass-specific resting metabolic rate,their mass-specific maximal metabolic rate and their level of cortisol.The result of a generalized linear model analysis indicates the negative effect on secondary immunoresponsiveness to sheep erythrocytes of mid-ventral gland size,the organ characterizing individual reproductive quality,and designates a tradeoff between antibody production and reproductive effort.The mass-independent maximal metabolic rate also negatively affected antibody production,indicating a tradeoff between maximal aerobic performance and the adaptive immune function.The higher stress in SD males seems to be the most likely reason for the lack of the effect of daylight duration on antibody production.
