Although neurophysiological and psychophysical proof of osseoperception is accumulating, histomorphometric evidence for the neural mechanisms of functional compensation following immediate and delayed implant loading ...Although neurophysiological and psychophysical proof of osseoperception is accumulating, histomorphometric evidence for the neural mechanisms of functional compensation following immediate and delayed implant loading is still lacking. For this randomized split-mouth study, six mongrel dogs randomly received one of four treatment protocols at 36 implant-recipient sites over 16 weeks （third maxillary incisor, third and fourth mandibular premolar）： immediate implant placement and immediate loading （liP＋ IL）; delayed implant placement and delayed loading （DIP＋DL）; delayed implant placement and immediate loading （DIP＋IL）; and natural extraction socket healing （control）. Histomorphometry was performed in the peri-implant bone and soft tissues within 300 pm around the implants. Immunocytochemistry and transmission electron microscopy were used to confirm the presence of neural structures and to reveal their ultrastructural characteristics, respectively. Myelinated nerve fibres densely populated the peri-implant crestal gingival and apical regions, although they were also identified in the woven bone and in the osteons near the implant threads. Compared with the control group in the mandible, the group that received IIP＋IL showed a higher innervation （in N.mm^-2, 5.94±1.12 vs. 3.15±0.63, P〈0.001） and smaller fibre diameter （in pm, 1.37±0.05 vs. 1.64±0.13, P=0.016）, smaller axon diameter （in pm, 0.89±0.05 vs. 1.24±0,10, P=0.009） and g-ratio （0.64±0.04 vs. 0.76±0.05, P〈0.001） in the middle region around the implants. Compared with DIP＋IL in the mandible, IIP＋IL had a higher nerve density （in N.mm^-2, 13.23±2.54 vs. 9.64±1.86, P=0.027）, greater fibre diameter （in pm, 1.32±0.02 vs. 1.20±0.04, P=0.021）, greater axon diameter （in μm, 0.92±0.01 vs. 0.89±0.03, P=-0.035） and lower g-ratio （0.69±0.01 vs. 0.74±0.01, P=-0.033） in the apical region around the implants. It may be assumed that the treatment protocol with liP＋ IL is the preferred method to allow optimized peri-implant re-innervation, but further functional measurements are still required.展开更多
Retaining the death penalty and strict restricting the application of the death penalty is now a basic criminal policy in China, and from the judicial level, the key to the restriction of the death penalty is to study...Retaining the death penalty and strict restricting the application of the death penalty is now a basic criminal policy in China, and from the judicial level, the key to the restriction of the death penalty is to study what lenient sentencing discretion the criminal has to constitute ＂not to execute immediately＂ when he has reached the standard of the immediate execution of the death penalty, to cross the chasm from the immediate execution of the death penalty to the death sentence with a reprieve. The basic process of the sentencing is to establish a baseline punishment on the basis of the social harmfulness of the activities of the criminal, and then measure the profits and losses according to the offender＇s personal danger. Therefore, although the social harmfulness of the activities of the criminal reaches the standard of the ＂most heinous crimes＂, due to the existence of the fault of the victim, active compensation for the victim, and the motives of the small blames and other lenient sentencing discretions, the criminal＇s danger has not reached the degree of ＂flagrance＂. Apply the death sentence with a two-year reprieve and even the life imprisonment generally. If there are some strict sentencing discretions, such as ＂the crime means is extremely cruel＂, carefully consider the use of the immediate execution of the death penalty. Under the circumstances of the concurrence of the sentencing, carry on the overall consideration based on the comprehensive measurement of various circumstances of the sentencing.展开更多
Background:While mild itching may seem harmless,it can worsen over time,necessitating early treatment.Epicutaneous sensitization has recently gained attention.Oral exposure may promote immune tolerance,but ingestion a...Background:While mild itching may seem harmless,it can worsen over time,necessitating early treatment.Epicutaneous sensitization has recently gained attention.Oral exposure may promote immune tolerance,but ingestion after epicutaneous sensitization can trigger severe allergic responses.Therefore,this study focused on the initial stages of allergic symptoms before they become severe and investigated the mechanisms underlying food ingestion-induced mild itching following epicutaneous sensitization.Methods:Female mice were epicutaneously sensitized with ovalbumin(OVA).Scratching behavior was recorded,and serum and tissue samples were collected.Levels of OVA-specific immunoglobulin(Ig)E/IgG1,histamine,and mast cell protease-1(MCPT-1)were measured by ELISA.Histological analysis of skin tissues and immune cell infiltration was performed via staining.Results:OVA challenge following epicutaneous sensitization induced mild itching in the OVA group.Scratching behavior peaked between 1 and 2 h and persisted for 8 h before returning to baseline.This itching was accompanied by dynamic fluctuations in OVA-specific IgE and IgG1,histamine,and MCPT-1 levels.Histological analysis revealed increased epidermal thickness and granulocytic infiltration,particularly of mast cells and eosinophils,within 2 h of OVA challenge.Mast cell and eosinophil migration into the skin tissues was significant,with eosinophil migration into the dermis persisted despite normalization of histamine levels and mast cell degranulation.These results suggest that mast cells and eosinophils play significant roles even in mild itching.Conclusion:This study provides insights into the early immune responses involved in food allergies,contributing to a better understanding of how mild symptoms can progress to more severe reactions.展开更多
Immediate loading(IL)increases the risk of marginal bone loss.The present study investigated the biomechanical response of peri-implant bone in rabbits after IL,aiming at optimizing load management.Ninety-six implants...Immediate loading(IL)increases the risk of marginal bone loss.The present study investigated the biomechanical response of peri-implant bone in rabbits after IL,aiming at optimizing load management.Ninety-six implants were installed bilaterally into femurs of 48 rabbits.Test implants on the left side created the maximal initial stress of 6.9 and 13.4 MPa in peri-implant bone and unloaded implants on the contralateral side were controls.Bone morphology and bone-implant interface strength were measured with histological examination and push-out testing during a 12-week observation period.Additionally,the animal data were incorporated into finite element(FE)models to calculate the bone stress distribution at different levels of osseointegration.Results showed that the stress was concentrated in the bone margin and the bone stress gradually decreased as osseointegration proceeded.A stress of about 2.0 MPa in peri-implant bone had a positive effect on new bone formation,osseointegration and bone-implant interface strength.Bone loss was observed in some specimens with stress exceeding 4.0 MPa.Data indicate that IL significantly increases bone stress during the early postoperative period,but the load-bearing capacity of peri-implant bone increases rapidly with an increase of bone-implant contact.Favorable bone responses may be continually promoted when the stress in peri-implant bone is maintained at a definite level.Accordingly,the progressive loading mode is recommended for IL implants.展开更多
In this paper,we will conclude the results of Bufeng-1(BF-1)A/B data processing,calibration workflow,and validation of the calibrated sea surface winds,land surface soil moisture,and sea surface height measurements.Si...In this paper,we will conclude the results of Bufeng-1(BF-1)A/B data processing,calibration workflow,and validation of the calibrated sea surface winds,land surface soil moisture,and sea surface height measurements.Since 2019,the BF-1 mission has operated in-orbit for over 4 years.The Earth reflected delay Doppler maps(DDMs)are continuously collected to perform global sea surface and land observations.At the same time,the intermediate frequency(IF)raw data are also obtained for 12 seconds every pass in diagnostic mode.To begin with,a brief description of the spaceborne Global Navigation Satellite System Reflectometry(GNSS-R)technique will be provided in the introduction.Next,we will present the overview of Chinese BF-1 mission and the data specifications used in our research.In the next section,the BF-1 mission-related spaceborne power calibration and validation are presented to show the support to power DDM observable production for sea surface and land surface applications.Then,the status of Chinese Beidou System(BDS)Equivalent Isotropic Radiated Power(EIRP)acquisition programme is then introduced.Furthermore,the latest sea surface height(SSH)measurements results including two modes(group delay and carrier phase)and wind speed derivation based on machine learning(ML)method will be spatial-temporal aligned and validated with auxiliary datasets including Denmark Technology University(DTU)mean sea surface(MSS)products and European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF)ERA5 reanalysis.The previous published results of sea surface winds retrieval under Hurricane conditions and soil moisture retrieval are also reviewed for the BF-1 mission applications.Finally,the conclusion of BF-1 derived results will be discussed to draw out ongoing/future works.展开更多
Dear Editor,Learning-induced expression of activity-dependent genes,especially immediate-early genes(IEGs),is required for the conversion of experience-induced neuronal activity into long-term memory[1].Neuronal Per-A...Dear Editor,Learning-induced expression of activity-dependent genes,especially immediate-early genes(IEGs),is required for the conversion of experience-induced neuronal activity into long-term memory[1].Neuronal Per-Arnt-Sim domain protein 4(Npas4)is one of the most rapidly induced IEGs,functioning as a transcription factor to regulate the activity-dependent expression of other IEGs,such as activityregulated cytoskeleton associated protein(Arc),Fos protooncogene,and early growth response 1(Egrl)[1].展开更多
The care provided in the neonatal period by caregivers in health facilities and by parents in the community is essential for the survival of the newborn. Our work aimed to assess the practice of essential care for new...The care provided in the neonatal period by caregivers in health facilities and by parents in the community is essential for the survival of the newborn. Our work aimed to assess the practice of essential care for newborns at the maternity hospital during the first six hours of life. Methodology: It was a cross-sectional study, which took place over a period of six months and fifteen days (from April 27 to November 12, 2020). We evaluated the practice of immediate care given to newborns over 32 weeks of amenorrhea by the health personnel involved against the recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO) on essential newborn care (ENC). Results: Our study involved 422 live newborns, which represented 22% of all live births. The sex ratio was 1.2. The gestational age of newborns was 37 to 41Week of Amenorrhea (WA) in 69.2%. The majority of births were performed by doctors specializing in gynecology and obstetrics, or 66.4% of cases. Midwives provided care in 51.7% of cases. Out of 422 newborns, 408 were immediately dried, 96.7% of the time. Less than half (44.1% of newborns) had benefited from the late cord clamping. Eye care was administered to the vast majority of newborns (94.3% of cases). The breastfeeding technique was verified in only 2.8% of cases. Only 1.7% (7 newborns) were monitored during the first six hours of immediate postpartum. In the immediate post-partum period, 18 newborns had problems that required treatment. NNS were correctly administered in 39 newborns (9.2%). Conclusion: Our study shows inadequacies in the practice of essential care for newborns within our maternity. Thus, many newborns can be saved through the practice of essential newborn care (NHS) at different levels of the health pyramid.展开更多
Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of using the synthetic β-TCP bone grafting material in two different manufacturing forms (putty and granular) in grafting the jumping zone around immediat...Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of using the synthetic β-TCP bone grafting material in two different manufacturing forms (putty and granular) in grafting the jumping zone around immediate implant. Patients and Method: A randomized controlled clinical and radiographic trial was conducted on 24 male patients aged from 45 - 55 with badly decayed non-restorable teeth in the posterior mandibular area and seeking for receiving immediate dental implant directly after extraction. Vertical bone height and bone density were taken at time of implant placement and 6 months postoperatively. Results: The Putty form group and the Granular form group did not differ statistically in terms of age, post-operative complications, or implant outcome six months postoperatively. Additionally, there was a statistically significant increase in Putty form group compared to the Granular form group regarding Marginal bone loss 6 months postoperatively, but there was no statistically significant difference between the Putty form group and the Granular form group regarding Bone density by CBCT. Conclusion: The β-TCP Putty material, compared to β-TCP granular, displayed better surgical handling properties, and both forms had no adverse effect on bone formation, bone tissue maturation or graft volume stability, The β-TCP granular material, compared to β-TCP putty, displayed less marginal bone loss 6 months post-operatively.展开更多
Background and objective:Immediate breast reconstruction not only reduces the number of surgeries for patients after mastectomy but also decreases psychological and physical trauma,making it increasingly popular.Howev...Background and objective:Immediate breast reconstruction not only reduces the number of surgeries for patients after mastectomy but also decreases psychological and physical trauma,making it increasingly popular.However,there is currently no consensus on the integration of post-mastectomy radiotherapy(PMRT)with reconstruction techniques.This review evaluates the impact of PMRT on complications following immediate breast reconstruction,providing guidance for clinical treatment decisions.Methods:PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,and other databases were searched for studies published in the past 15 years on outcomes of implant-based breast reconstruction in the context of radiotherapy to identify articles for analysis.RevMan 5.4 software was used to analyze the risks of seroma,infection,wound dehiscence,flap necrosis,implant exposure,capsule contracture,and reconstruction failure.Results:A total of 1l relevant studies were included,comprising 6323 cases of immediate breast reconstruction.It was found that breasts receiving postoperative irradiation had a significantly increased risk of complications,with statistically significant differences in seroma(P=0.004),infection(P<0.00001),wound dehiscence(P=0.04),implant exposure(P<0.00001),capsule contracture(P<0.00001),and reconstruction failure(P<0.00001).There was no statistically significant difference in flap necrosis(P=0.88).Conclusion:The results indicate that postoperative radiotherapy significantly increases the risk of complications for patients undergoing immediate implant-based reconstruction.Preventive measures may be taken in advance with the assistance of healthcare providers if necessary.展开更多
Objective: To determine the indications and immediate maternal and fetal outcomes of caesarean section performed at primary health facilities in 2020. Design: Discriptive cross-sectional study. Setting: Lushoto Distri...Objective: To determine the indications and immediate maternal and fetal outcomes of caesarean section performed at primary health facilities in 2020. Design: Discriptive cross-sectional study. Setting: Lushoto District Council is located in the northeastern in Tanga region, Tanzania. Participants: All women who underwent caesarean section at primary health facilities from January to December 2020, 782 included in this study and 72 files were missing. Main outcome Measures: Indications and immediate maternal and fetal outcomes of caesarean section at primary health facilities. The difference in indications and outcomes of caesarean section between district hospital and upgraded health centres. Results: The commonest indications were obstructed labor 29.0%, previous scar(s) 19.9% and fetal distress 17.0%. Obstructed labour indication was more at the upgraded health centres. Most, 89% of women had no post-operative complications. The common maternal complications were hemorrhage 5.7%, transfusion 5.2%, prolonged stay 1.7%. Most babies were alive 95%, term 90% with Apgar score > 7 at 5 minutes 96% and 94% had birth weight ≥ 2500 g. There were no statistically significant differences in immediate maternal and fetal outcomes between health centres and district hospital. Conclusions: Obstructed labour was the commonest indication for caesarean section. The immediate maternal and fetal outcomes at the upgraded health centers were comparable to the district hospital level. Clinical audits of indications for caesarean section and prospective studies for late maternal and fetal outcomes of caesarean section performed at primary health facilities to be conducted.展开更多
Background and aims:Immediate recurrence(Im-Recurr),a type of atrial fibrillation(AF)recurrence occurring during the blanking period after radiofrequency catheter ablation(RFCA),has received little attention.Therefore...Background and aims:Immediate recurrence(Im-Recurr),a type of atrial fibrillation(AF)recurrence occurring during the blanking period after radiofrequency catheter ablation(RFCA),has received little attention.Therefore,this study was aimed at exploring the clinical significance of Im-Recurr in patients with AF after RFCA.Methods:This study retrospectively included patients with AF who underwent RFCA at our center.Regression,propensity score matching(PSM),and survival curve analyses were conducted to investigate the effects of Im-Recurr on costs,hospitalization durations,AF recurrence rates,and predictors of Im-Recurr.Results:A total of 898 patients were included,among whom 128 developed Im-Recurr after RFCA.Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that Im-Recurr correlated with greater cost,hospitalization duration,and hospitalization duration after ablation.Logistic regression and PSM analyses indicated that intraoperative electric cardioversion(IEC)was an independent predictor of Im-Recurr.The follow-up results suggested a significantly higher 1-year cumulative AF recurrence rate in the Im-Recurr group than the control group.Conclusions:Im-Recurr significantly increases the cost and length of hospitalization for patients with AF undergoing RFCA and is associated with an elevated 1-year cumulative AF recurrence rate.IEC serves as an independent predictor of Im-Recurr.Registration number:ChiCTR2200065235.展开更多
Specific-locus mutations induced in the ad-3region of two-component heterokaryons ofNeurospora have been compared by means ofMutational Spectra.Genetic characterization ofad-3 mutations has revealed that there are maj...Specific-locus mutations induced in the ad-3region of two-component heterokaryons ofNeurospora have been compared by means ofMutational Spectra.Genetic characterization ofad-3 mutations has revealed that there are majorclasses:gene/point mutations,multilocus deletionmutations and unknowns (mutants that grow toorapidly alone on minimal medium to be classified).展开更多
Condylar hyperplasia（CH） of human temporomandibular joint（TMJ） often occurs unilaterally, and causes occlusal disturbance and facial asymmetry. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of high condylec...Condylar hyperplasia（CH） of human temporomandibular joint（TMJ） often occurs unilaterally, and causes occlusal disturbance and facial asymmetry. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of high condylectomy with and without postsurgical orthodontic treatment. Forty patients were diagnosed as having active CH and treated with high condylectomy. Patients in group A（n=24） took the postsurgical orthodontic therapy immediately after surgery, and those in group B（n=16） did not take orthodontic therapy. For both groups, the mandibular ramus height on the affected side was decreased significantly after surgery. Orthodontic treatment promoted maxillary alveolar remodeling significantly by depressing alveolar bone of the affected side and increasing alveolar bone of the nonaffected side. Better improvement for facial midline deviations was observed in group A than in group B. In both groups, the condylar remodeling was observed and manifested by the smoothening of condylar surface and returning of condyle to normal position in glenoid fossa. It was concluded that high condylectomy in the treatment of active CH of TMJ improved the functional occlusion and facial aesthetic. Postsurgical orthodontic therapy could more effectively enhance maxillary alveolar and condylar remodeling, and more rapidly and meticulously establish the stable occlusal and normal position of condyle than the spontaneous remodeling.展开更多
Ⅰ The Appearance of Romantic Lite-ratureThe Romantic Movement in Eng-lish literature came into being as anew trend at the turn of tlie 18th and19th centuries.It was flowering dur-ing the first half of the 19th centur...Ⅰ The Appearance of Romantic Lite-ratureThe Romantic Movement in Eng-lish literature came into being as anew trend at the turn of tlie 18th and19th centuries.It was flowering dur-ing the first half of the 19th centuryin America.During this period,the class con-tradiction and national contradictionwere extremely acute in Europe.In1789,the French Revolution broke out,,which overthrew the feudal power.As a result of this,a new展开更多
The germination of freshly collected Juniperus polycarpos（K. Koch） seeds is very low and attributed to the large proportion of nonviable seeds in the seed lots.Thus, the aim of this study was to improve seed lot qua...The germination of freshly collected Juniperus polycarpos（K. Koch） seeds is very low and attributed to the large proportion of nonviable seeds in the seed lots.Thus, the aim of this study was to improve seed lot quality by removing nonviable seeds using two flotation techniques： incubation-drying-separation（IDS） and modified specific gravity（MSG） separation. We examined different IDS conditions（the specific incubation time, subsequent drying time and sorting media） for effectively sorting out nonviable seeds; and tested the feasibility of modified SG separation, which involved soaking seeds in water for a certain period before sorting in different concentrations of sucrose solution. Viable seeds were expected to absorb and metabolically bind more water during soaking than dead seeds could, and hence be sorted effectively depending on the viscosity of the sucrose solution. The viability of the seeds that floated or sank was determined in a topographical tetrazolium chloride（TTC） test. For the IDS trial,7 days incubation followed by 9 h of drying and sedimentation in pure water or 200 g L-1sucrose solution identified, respectively, 75 and 82 % of the seeds as viable（sunken） seeds. For the MSG trail, 77 % viable seeds were recovered in the sunken fraction when seeds were soaked for 48 h then immediately sorted in 600 g L-1sucrose solution. In both cases, the loss of viable seeds in the discarded floating fraction was only 4 %. The results demonstrate that both IDS and MSG separation techniques substantially improved seed lot viability, but MSG separation is simple and needs no modern seed handling facility, and its efficacy relies on seed mass（due to the initial soaking） and the specific density and viscosity of the flotation medium.展开更多
A47-year-old man was admitted to our departmentbecause ot progresive cardiopalmus,trumor of hands anddiaphoresis at hunger for two months.Cerebrovasculardisease was diagnosed for two times because of coma at night.and...A47-year-old man was admitted to our departmentbecause ot progresive cardiopalmus,trumor of hands anddiaphoresis at hunger for two months.Cerebrovasculardisease was diagnosed for two times because of coma at night.and every times.the patient recovered immediately followingdrip treatment. At the beginning CT scan revealed a normalbrain and a doubtful pancreatic lesion In the period of hos-pitalization.the patient repeatedly developed the symptoms ofhypoglycemia,which always relieved in 3—5 minutes aftercating sugar. The blood glucose Was 1.6 mmol/L and Seruminsulin was 160 μu/ml when the hypoglycemia wasdeveloping.Ultrasonic examination displayed abnormal area(2 cm in diameter)in the head and the uncinate process ofpancreas and an enlarged liver and multiple parenchymallesions in the liver. Futher CT scan showed hepaticenlargement and a huge mass at the posterior segnent of thehepatic right lober.and multiple parenchymal lesions in theliver. The CT also showed enlargement of the head ofpancreas with dis展开更多
Fleshy Growths Creeping Over the Eyeball Patient Wang, a male cadre of 58, firstvisited on 28 June 1989 with the chief com-plaint of blurred vision in the left eye forhalf a month. For 6 months prior to the visitthe p...Fleshy Growths Creeping Over the Eyeball Patient Wang, a male cadre of 58, firstvisited on 28 June 1989 with the chief com-plaint of blurred vision in the left eye forhalf a month. For 6 months prior to the visitthe patient felt some discomfort in his lefteye with increase in discharge and tearing,and in the two weeks immediately before thevisit, vision of the left eye became blurred.There was a gritty sensation and展开更多
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (81000459)the Chinese Scholarship Council
文摘Although neurophysiological and psychophysical proof of osseoperception is accumulating, histomorphometric evidence for the neural mechanisms of functional compensation following immediate and delayed implant loading is still lacking. For this randomized split-mouth study, six mongrel dogs randomly received one of four treatment protocols at 36 implant-recipient sites over 16 weeks （third maxillary incisor, third and fourth mandibular premolar）： immediate implant placement and immediate loading （liP＋ IL）; delayed implant placement and delayed loading （DIP＋DL）; delayed implant placement and immediate loading （DIP＋IL）; and natural extraction socket healing （control）. Histomorphometry was performed in the peri-implant bone and soft tissues within 300 pm around the implants. Immunocytochemistry and transmission electron microscopy were used to confirm the presence of neural structures and to reveal their ultrastructural characteristics, respectively. Myelinated nerve fibres densely populated the peri-implant crestal gingival and apical regions, although they were also identified in the woven bone and in the osteons near the implant threads. Compared with the control group in the mandible, the group that received IIP＋IL showed a higher innervation （in N.mm^-2, 5.94±1.12 vs. 3.15±0.63, P〈0.001） and smaller fibre diameter （in pm, 1.37±0.05 vs. 1.64±0.13, P=0.016）, smaller axon diameter （in pm, 0.89±0.05 vs. 1.24±0,10, P=0.009） and g-ratio （0.64±0.04 vs. 0.76±0.05, P〈0.001） in the middle region around the implants. Compared with DIP＋IL in the mandible, IIP＋IL had a higher nerve density （in N.mm^-2, 13.23±2.54 vs. 9.64±1.86, P=0.027）, greater fibre diameter （in pm, 1.32±0.02 vs. 1.20±0.04, P=0.021）, greater axon diameter （in μm, 0.92±0.01 vs. 0.89±0.03, P=-0.035） and lower g-ratio （0.69±0.01 vs. 0.74±0.01, P=-0.033） in the apical region around the implants. It may be assumed that the treatment protocol with liP＋ IL is the preferred method to allow optimized peri-implant re-innervation, but further functional measurements are still required.
文摘Retaining the death penalty and strict restricting the application of the death penalty is now a basic criminal policy in China, and from the judicial level, the key to the restriction of the death penalty is to study what lenient sentencing discretion the criminal has to constitute ＂not to execute immediately＂ when he has reached the standard of the immediate execution of the death penalty, to cross the chasm from the immediate execution of the death penalty to the death sentence with a reprieve. The basic process of the sentencing is to establish a baseline punishment on the basis of the social harmfulness of the activities of the criminal, and then measure the profits and losses according to the offender＇s personal danger. Therefore, although the social harmfulness of the activities of the criminal reaches the standard of the ＂most heinous crimes＂, due to the existence of the fault of the victim, active compensation for the victim, and the motives of the small blames and other lenient sentencing discretions, the criminal＇s danger has not reached the degree of ＂flagrance＂. Apply the death sentence with a two-year reprieve and even the life imprisonment generally. If there are some strict sentencing discretions, such as ＂the crime means is extremely cruel＂, carefully consider the use of the immediate execution of the death penalty. Under the circumstances of the concurrence of the sentencing, carry on the overall consideration based on the comprehensive measurement of various circumstances of the sentencing.
基金supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number(22K11779).
文摘Background:While mild itching may seem harmless,it can worsen over time,necessitating early treatment.Epicutaneous sensitization has recently gained attention.Oral exposure may promote immune tolerance,but ingestion after epicutaneous sensitization can trigger severe allergic responses.Therefore,this study focused on the initial stages of allergic symptoms before they become severe and investigated the mechanisms underlying food ingestion-induced mild itching following epicutaneous sensitization.Methods:Female mice were epicutaneously sensitized with ovalbumin(OVA).Scratching behavior was recorded,and serum and tissue samples were collected.Levels of OVA-specific immunoglobulin(Ig)E/IgG1,histamine,and mast cell protease-1(MCPT-1)were measured by ELISA.Histological analysis of skin tissues and immune cell infiltration was performed via staining.Results:OVA challenge following epicutaneous sensitization induced mild itching in the OVA group.Scratching behavior peaked between 1 and 2 h and persisted for 8 h before returning to baseline.This itching was accompanied by dynamic fluctuations in OVA-specific IgE and IgG1,histamine,and MCPT-1 levels.Histological analysis revealed increased epidermal thickness and granulocytic infiltration,particularly of mast cells and eosinophils,within 2 h of OVA challenge.Mast cell and eosinophil migration into the skin tissues was significant,with eosinophil migration into the dermis persisted despite normalization of histamine levels and mast cell degranulation.These results suggest that mast cells and eosinophils play significant roles even in mild itching.Conclusion:This study provides insights into the early immune responses involved in food allergies,contributing to a better understanding of how mild symptoms can progress to more severe reactions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(10902010,11120101001)National Science&Technology Pillar Program of China(2012BAI22B02)Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(20131102130004)
文摘Immediate loading(IL)increases the risk of marginal bone loss.The present study investigated the biomechanical response of peri-implant bone in rabbits after IL,aiming at optimizing load management.Ninety-six implants were installed bilaterally into femurs of 48 rabbits.Test implants on the left side created the maximal initial stress of 6.9 and 13.4 MPa in peri-implant bone and unloaded implants on the contralateral side were controls.Bone morphology and bone-implant interface strength were measured with histological examination and push-out testing during a 12-week observation period.Additionally,the animal data were incorporated into finite element(FE)models to calculate the bone stress distribution at different levels of osseointegration.Results showed that the stress was concentrated in the bone margin and the bone stress gradually decreased as osseointegration proceeded.A stress of about 2.0 MPa in peri-implant bone had a positive effect on new bone formation,osseointegration and bone-implant interface strength.Bone loss was observed in some specimens with stress exceeding 4.0 MPa.Data indicate that IL significantly increases bone stress during the early postoperative period,but the load-bearing capacity of peri-implant bone increases rapidly with an increase of bone-implant contact.Favorable bone responses may be continually promoted when the stress in peri-implant bone is maintained at a definite level.Accordingly,the progressive loading mode is recommended for IL implants.
基金supported by the ESA&NRSCC Dragon 5 Cooperation[Grant No.58070]the National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant No.42101409]+2 种基金China Spacesat[Grant No.SK2020014]funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 with contributions by“European Union Next Generation EU/PRTR”[Grant No.RYC2019-027000-I]is also supported by Spanish National Research Council[Grant No.20215AT007].
文摘In this paper,we will conclude the results of Bufeng-1(BF-1)A/B data processing,calibration workflow,and validation of the calibrated sea surface winds,land surface soil moisture,and sea surface height measurements.Since 2019,the BF-1 mission has operated in-orbit for over 4 years.The Earth reflected delay Doppler maps(DDMs)are continuously collected to perform global sea surface and land observations.At the same time,the intermediate frequency(IF)raw data are also obtained for 12 seconds every pass in diagnostic mode.To begin with,a brief description of the spaceborne Global Navigation Satellite System Reflectometry(GNSS-R)technique will be provided in the introduction.Next,we will present the overview of Chinese BF-1 mission and the data specifications used in our research.In the next section,the BF-1 mission-related spaceborne power calibration and validation are presented to show the support to power DDM observable production for sea surface and land surface applications.Then,the status of Chinese Beidou System(BDS)Equivalent Isotropic Radiated Power(EIRP)acquisition programme is then introduced.Furthermore,the latest sea surface height(SSH)measurements results including two modes(group delay and carrier phase)and wind speed derivation based on machine learning(ML)method will be spatial-temporal aligned and validated with auxiliary datasets including Denmark Technology University(DTU)mean sea surface(MSS)products and European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF)ERA5 reanalysis.The previous published results of sea surface winds retrieval under Hurricane conditions and soil moisture retrieval are also reviewed for the BF-1 mission applications.Finally,the conclusion of BF-1 derived results will be discussed to draw out ongoing/future works.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFA0804900 and 2020YFA0509300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82125009,82330045,82071185,32100794,92149303,and 32121002)+5 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB39000000)a CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(YSBR-013)Plans for Major Provincial Science&Technology Projects(202303a07020004)the Collaborative Innovation Program of Hefei Science Center,CAS(2022HSC-CIP003)Research Funds of Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM(QYZD20220003)USTC Research Funds of the Double First-Class Initiative.
文摘Dear Editor,Learning-induced expression of activity-dependent genes,especially immediate-early genes(IEGs),is required for the conversion of experience-induced neuronal activity into long-term memory[1].Neuronal Per-Arnt-Sim domain protein 4(Npas4)is one of the most rapidly induced IEGs,functioning as a transcription factor to regulate the activity-dependent expression of other IEGs,such as activityregulated cytoskeleton associated protein(Arc),Fos protooncogene,and early growth response 1(Egrl)[1].
文摘The care provided in the neonatal period by caregivers in health facilities and by parents in the community is essential for the survival of the newborn. Our work aimed to assess the practice of essential care for newborns at the maternity hospital during the first six hours of life. Methodology: It was a cross-sectional study, which took place over a period of six months and fifteen days (from April 27 to November 12, 2020). We evaluated the practice of immediate care given to newborns over 32 weeks of amenorrhea by the health personnel involved against the recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO) on essential newborn care (ENC). Results: Our study involved 422 live newborns, which represented 22% of all live births. The sex ratio was 1.2. The gestational age of newborns was 37 to 41Week of Amenorrhea (WA) in 69.2%. The majority of births were performed by doctors specializing in gynecology and obstetrics, or 66.4% of cases. Midwives provided care in 51.7% of cases. Out of 422 newborns, 408 were immediately dried, 96.7% of the time. Less than half (44.1% of newborns) had benefited from the late cord clamping. Eye care was administered to the vast majority of newborns (94.3% of cases). The breastfeeding technique was verified in only 2.8% of cases. Only 1.7% (7 newborns) were monitored during the first six hours of immediate postpartum. In the immediate post-partum period, 18 newborns had problems that required treatment. NNS were correctly administered in 39 newborns (9.2%). Conclusion: Our study shows inadequacies in the practice of essential care for newborns within our maternity. Thus, many newborns can be saved through the practice of essential newborn care (NHS) at different levels of the health pyramid.
文摘Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of using the synthetic β-TCP bone grafting material in two different manufacturing forms (putty and granular) in grafting the jumping zone around immediate implant. Patients and Method: A randomized controlled clinical and radiographic trial was conducted on 24 male patients aged from 45 - 55 with badly decayed non-restorable teeth in the posterior mandibular area and seeking for receiving immediate dental implant directly after extraction. Vertical bone height and bone density were taken at time of implant placement and 6 months postoperatively. Results: The Putty form group and the Granular form group did not differ statistically in terms of age, post-operative complications, or implant outcome six months postoperatively. Additionally, there was a statistically significant increase in Putty form group compared to the Granular form group regarding Marginal bone loss 6 months postoperatively, but there was no statistically significant difference between the Putty form group and the Granular form group regarding Bone density by CBCT. Conclusion: The β-TCP Putty material, compared to β-TCP granular, displayed better surgical handling properties, and both forms had no adverse effect on bone formation, bone tissue maturation or graft volume stability, The β-TCP granular material, compared to β-TCP putty, displayed less marginal bone loss 6 months post-operatively.
文摘Background and objective:Immediate breast reconstruction not only reduces the number of surgeries for patients after mastectomy but also decreases psychological and physical trauma,making it increasingly popular.However,there is currently no consensus on the integration of post-mastectomy radiotherapy(PMRT)with reconstruction techniques.This review evaluates the impact of PMRT on complications following immediate breast reconstruction,providing guidance for clinical treatment decisions.Methods:PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,and other databases were searched for studies published in the past 15 years on outcomes of implant-based breast reconstruction in the context of radiotherapy to identify articles for analysis.RevMan 5.4 software was used to analyze the risks of seroma,infection,wound dehiscence,flap necrosis,implant exposure,capsule contracture,and reconstruction failure.Results:A total of 1l relevant studies were included,comprising 6323 cases of immediate breast reconstruction.It was found that breasts receiving postoperative irradiation had a significantly increased risk of complications,with statistically significant differences in seroma(P=0.004),infection(P<0.00001),wound dehiscence(P=0.04),implant exposure(P<0.00001),capsule contracture(P<0.00001),and reconstruction failure(P<0.00001).There was no statistically significant difference in flap necrosis(P=0.88).Conclusion:The results indicate that postoperative radiotherapy significantly increases the risk of complications for patients undergoing immediate implant-based reconstruction.Preventive measures may be taken in advance with the assistance of healthcare providers if necessary.
文摘Objective: To determine the indications and immediate maternal and fetal outcomes of caesarean section performed at primary health facilities in 2020. Design: Discriptive cross-sectional study. Setting: Lushoto District Council is located in the northeastern in Tanga region, Tanzania. Participants: All women who underwent caesarean section at primary health facilities from January to December 2020, 782 included in this study and 72 files were missing. Main outcome Measures: Indications and immediate maternal and fetal outcomes of caesarean section at primary health facilities. The difference in indications and outcomes of caesarean section between district hospital and upgraded health centres. Results: The commonest indications were obstructed labor 29.0%, previous scar(s) 19.9% and fetal distress 17.0%. Obstructed labour indication was more at the upgraded health centres. Most, 89% of women had no post-operative complications. The common maternal complications were hemorrhage 5.7%, transfusion 5.2%, prolonged stay 1.7%. Most babies were alive 95%, term 90% with Apgar score > 7 at 5 minutes 96% and 94% had birth weight ≥ 2500 g. There were no statistically significant differences in immediate maternal and fetal outcomes between health centres and district hospital. Conclusions: Obstructed labour was the commonest indication for caesarean section. The immediate maternal and fetal outcomes at the upgraded health centers were comparable to the district hospital level. Clinical audits of indications for caesarean section and prospective studies for late maternal and fetal outcomes of caesarean section performed at primary health facilities to be conducted.
基金supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2021M702833 and 2022M712764)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82070409)the Research Fund of Health Agency of Zhejiang Province(2023RC163).
文摘Background and aims:Immediate recurrence(Im-Recurr),a type of atrial fibrillation(AF)recurrence occurring during the blanking period after radiofrequency catheter ablation(RFCA),has received little attention.Therefore,this study was aimed at exploring the clinical significance of Im-Recurr in patients with AF after RFCA.Methods:This study retrospectively included patients with AF who underwent RFCA at our center.Regression,propensity score matching(PSM),and survival curve analyses were conducted to investigate the effects of Im-Recurr on costs,hospitalization durations,AF recurrence rates,and predictors of Im-Recurr.Results:A total of 898 patients were included,among whom 128 developed Im-Recurr after RFCA.Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that Im-Recurr correlated with greater cost,hospitalization duration,and hospitalization duration after ablation.Logistic regression and PSM analyses indicated that intraoperative electric cardioversion(IEC)was an independent predictor of Im-Recurr.The follow-up results suggested a significantly higher 1-year cumulative AF recurrence rate in the Im-Recurr group than the control group.Conclusions:Im-Recurr significantly increases the cost and length of hospitalization for patients with AF undergoing RFCA and is associated with an elevated 1-year cumulative AF recurrence rate.IEC serves as an independent predictor of Im-Recurr.Registration number:ChiCTR2200065235.
文摘Specific-locus mutations induced in the ad-3region of two-component heterokaryons ofNeurospora have been compared by means ofMutational Spectra.Genetic characterization ofad-3 mutations has revealed that there are majorclasses:gene/point mutations,multilocus deletionmutations and unknowns (mutants that grow toorapidly alone on minimal medium to be classified).
文摘Condylar hyperplasia（CH） of human temporomandibular joint（TMJ） often occurs unilaterally, and causes occlusal disturbance and facial asymmetry. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of high condylectomy with and without postsurgical orthodontic treatment. Forty patients were diagnosed as having active CH and treated with high condylectomy. Patients in group A（n=24） took the postsurgical orthodontic therapy immediately after surgery, and those in group B（n=16） did not take orthodontic therapy. For both groups, the mandibular ramus height on the affected side was decreased significantly after surgery. Orthodontic treatment promoted maxillary alveolar remodeling significantly by depressing alveolar bone of the affected side and increasing alveolar bone of the nonaffected side. Better improvement for facial midline deviations was observed in group A than in group B. In both groups, the condylar remodeling was observed and manifested by the smoothening of condylar surface and returning of condyle to normal position in glenoid fossa. It was concluded that high condylectomy in the treatment of active CH of TMJ improved the functional occlusion and facial aesthetic. Postsurgical orthodontic therapy could more effectively enhance maxillary alveolar and condylar remodeling, and more rapidly and meticulously establish the stable occlusal and normal position of condyle than the spontaneous remodeling.
文摘Ⅰ The Appearance of Romantic Lite-ratureThe Romantic Movement in Eng-lish literature came into being as anew trend at the turn of tlie 18th and19th centuries.It was flowering dur-ing the first half of the 19th centuryin America.During this period,the class con-tradiction and national contradictionwere extremely acute in Europe.In1789,the French Revolution broke out,,which overthrew the feudal power.As a result of this,a new
基金financially supported by the Iranian government scholarship program
文摘The germination of freshly collected Juniperus polycarpos（K. Koch） seeds is very low and attributed to the large proportion of nonviable seeds in the seed lots.Thus, the aim of this study was to improve seed lot quality by removing nonviable seeds using two flotation techniques： incubation-drying-separation（IDS） and modified specific gravity（MSG） separation. We examined different IDS conditions（the specific incubation time, subsequent drying time and sorting media） for effectively sorting out nonviable seeds; and tested the feasibility of modified SG separation, which involved soaking seeds in water for a certain period before sorting in different concentrations of sucrose solution. Viable seeds were expected to absorb and metabolically bind more water during soaking than dead seeds could, and hence be sorted effectively depending on the viscosity of the sucrose solution. The viability of the seeds that floated or sank was determined in a topographical tetrazolium chloride（TTC） test. For the IDS trial,7 days incubation followed by 9 h of drying and sedimentation in pure water or 200 g L-1sucrose solution identified, respectively, 75 and 82 % of the seeds as viable（sunken） seeds. For the MSG trail, 77 % viable seeds were recovered in the sunken fraction when seeds were soaked for 48 h then immediately sorted in 600 g L-1sucrose solution. In both cases, the loss of viable seeds in the discarded floating fraction was only 4 %. The results demonstrate that both IDS and MSG separation techniques substantially improved seed lot viability, but MSG separation is simple and needs no modern seed handling facility, and its efficacy relies on seed mass（due to the initial soaking） and the specific density and viscosity of the flotation medium.
文摘A47-year-old man was admitted to our departmentbecause ot progresive cardiopalmus,trumor of hands anddiaphoresis at hunger for two months.Cerebrovasculardisease was diagnosed for two times because of coma at night.and every times.the patient recovered immediately followingdrip treatment. At the beginning CT scan revealed a normalbrain and a doubtful pancreatic lesion In the period of hos-pitalization.the patient repeatedly developed the symptoms ofhypoglycemia,which always relieved in 3—5 minutes aftercating sugar. The blood glucose Was 1.6 mmol/L and Seruminsulin was 160 μu/ml when the hypoglycemia wasdeveloping.Ultrasonic examination displayed abnormal area(2 cm in diameter)in the head and the uncinate process ofpancreas and an enlarged liver and multiple parenchymallesions in the liver. Futher CT scan showed hepaticenlargement and a huge mass at the posterior segnent of thehepatic right lober.and multiple parenchymal lesions in theliver. The CT also showed enlargement of the head ofpancreas with dis
文摘Fleshy Growths Creeping Over the Eyeball Patient Wang, a male cadre of 58, firstvisited on 28 June 1989 with the chief com-plaint of blurred vision in the left eye forhalf a month. For 6 months prior to the visitthe patient felt some discomfort in his lefteye with increase in discharge and tearing,and in the two weeks immediately before thevisit, vision of the left eye became blurred.There was a gritty sensation and
